STATISTICS &

PROBABILITY

NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

LESSON 5

Rinalyn D. Saballe
Teacher
 STAT & PROB

identifies
illustrates regions
a normal under the
normal
random curve
variable correspondi
and its ng to
characteri different
stics. standard
normal
values.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 STAT & PROB

NOMINAL ORDINAL
LEVEL LEVEL

INTERVAL RATIO
LEVEL LEVEL

LEVELS OF MEASUREMENT
 STAT & PROB

NOMINAL
LEVEL

Data in this level are classified into categories.

Names are used as labels. Numbers and letters are
used to represent variables.
Examples: marital status, gender

LEVELS OF MEASUREMENT
 STAT & PROB

ORDINAL
LEVEL

Data in this level are ranked but the degree of the

difference between them are not determined. Items
are ordered when sorted out.
Examples: size, rank

LEVELS OF MEASUREMENT
 STAT & PROB

INTERVAL
LEVEL

The degree of difference between the data can be

specified but not the ratio between them. In this level,
zero (0) does not mean total absence of what is
being measuresd.
Examples: temperature
LEVELS OF MEASUREMENT
 STAT & PROB

RATIO
LEVEL

In this level, data such as scores can be expressed

as ratio. In ratio level, zero(0) has an actual or true
value. Most measurement in engineering and
physical sciences are in ratio level.
Examples: mass, length
LEVELS OF MEASUREMENT
PRACTICE EXERCISE STAT & PROB

Tell what kind of measurement scale is appropriate

for the following information.
1. eye color 7. weights of students
2. gender 8. scores in stat & probability
3. race 9. speed of sound
4. religious affiliation 10. top ten in the engineering board
5. weights of basketball examination
players 11. grades
6. sizes of shoes 12. sizes of t-shirts
LEVELS OF MEASUREMENT
 STATISTICS &
PROBABILITY

NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

LESSON 5

Rinalyn D. Saballe
Teacher
 STAT & PROB

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 STAT & PROB

𝜇 = 75
𝜎=3

66 69 72 75 78 81 84

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 STAT & PROB

𝜇 = 45
𝜎 = 10

15 25 35 45 55 65 75

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 STAT & PROB

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 STAT & PROB

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 STAT & PROB

What are the properties of a

normal distribution?

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 PROPERTIES OF A NORMAL DISTRIBUTION: STAT & PROB

1. The mean, median and mode are exactly the same.

2. The distribution is symmetric about the mean—half
the values fall below the mean and half above the
mean.
3. The distribution can be described by two values:
the mean and the standard deviation.

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 PROPERTIES OF A NORMAL DISTRIBUTION: STAT & PROB

4. Empirical rule
The empirical rule, or the 68-95-99.7 rule, tells you
where most of your values lie in a normal distribution:

➢ Around 68% of values are within 1 standard deviation

from the mean.
➢ Around 95% of values are within 2 standard
deviations from the mean.
➢ Around 99.7% of values are within 3 standard
deviations from the mean.

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 STAT & PROB

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 STAT & PROB

AREAS UNDER THE NORMAL CURVE

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 STAT & PROB
EXAMPLE 1

Find the area between z=0 and z= 1.54

Step 1: Sketch the normal curve

0 1.54

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 STAT & PROB
EXAMPLE 1

Find the area between z=0 and z= 1.54

Step 2: Locate the area for z=1.54 from
the z-table

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 STAT & PROB

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 STAT & PROB
EXAMPLE 1

Find the area between z=0 and z= 1.54

Hence, the area between z=0 and
z= 1.54 is 0.4382

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 STAT & PROB
EXAMPLE 2

Find the area between z=0 and z= -1.65

Hence, the area between

z= 0 and z= -1.65 is

0.4505.
-1.65 0

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 STAT & PROB
EXAMPLE 3

Find the area between z=1.52 and z=2.5

𝐴2 = area between z=0 and z= 2.5
𝐴1 = area between z=0 and z= 1.5
A1 A2 𝐴 = area between z=1.52 and z= 2
A

𝑨 = 𝑨𝟐 - 𝑨𝟏
0 1.52 2.5
𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟗𝟑𝟖- 𝟎. 𝟒𝟑𝟓𝟕
𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟓𝟖𝟏
LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
 STAT & PROB
EXAMPLE 3

Find the area between z=1.52 and z=2.5

Hence, the area of between z= 1.52
and z= 2.5 is 0.0581.

LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 STAT & PROB
EXAMPLE 4

Find the area to the right of z=1.56

𝐴1 = area between z=0 and z= 1.5

A1 𝐴 = area to the right of 1.56
0.5

A
𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟓- 𝑨𝟏
0 1.56
𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟓- 𝟎. 𝟒𝟒𝟎𝟔
𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟓𝟗𝟒
LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
 STAT & PROB
EXAMPLE 5

Find the area to the left of z=2.32

𝐴1 = 0.5
𝐴2 = area between z=0 and z=2.32

A = 𝑨𝟏 + 𝑨𝟐
A1 A2

0 2.32
𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟓 + 𝟎. 𝟒𝟖𝟗𝟖
𝑨 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟖𝟗𝟖
LESSON 5:NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
 STAT & PROB
EXAMPLE 5

Find the area to the right of z=2.32

Hence, the area to the right of
z=2.32 is 0.9898.

LESSON 5: NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

 STAT & PROB

ACTIVITY #9
Find the area under the normal curve in each of
the following cases:
1. Between z=0 and z=1.63
2. Between z=0 and z= -1.78
3. Between z= 1.56 and z= 2.51
4. Between z= -1.36 and z= 2.55
5. To the right of z= 2.35
6. To the right of z= -1.31
LESSON 5: NORMAL DISTRIBUTION AND AREAS UNDER THE NORMAL CURVE
 STAT & PROB

ACTIVITY #9
Find the area under the normal curve in each of
the following cases:
7. To the left of z= 0.35
8. To the left of z=1.85
9. What percent of the area under the normal curve is
between z= 0.85 and z= 2.5?
10. What percent of the area under the normal curve is
between z= -1.00 and z= 1.00
LESSON 5: NORMAL DISTRIBUTION AND AREAS UNDER THE NORMAL CURVE
 STAT & PROB

LESSON 5: NORMAL DISTRIBUTION AND AREAS UNDER THE NORMAL CURVE