Attalus I (269–197 BC) ruled the Ionian Greek Pergamene

Kingdom from 241 BC until his death. He won an important

victory, the Battle of the Caecus River, against the Galatians, a
group of migratory Celtic tribes from Thrace, who had been
plundering and exacting tribute through most of Asia Minor for
decades. The victory was celebrated with a triumphal
monument at Pergamon (The Dying Gaul) and Attalus taking
the title of king (basileus). He participated as an ally of Rome in
the First and Second Macedonian Wars against Philip V of
Macedon. He conducted numerous naval operations in the
Aegean, gaining the island of Aegina for Pergamon during the
rst war and Andros during the second. Attalus styled himself
as a protector of the freedoms of the Greek cities of Asia Minor
and portrayed himself as the champion of Greeks against
barbarians.
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