Title: Reflective Learning - Fatigue Management 2023

Duration: 10:55 minutes

Description:
In this video, the Reflective Learning theme of fatigue management is discussed.

Reflective Learning - Fatigue Management 2023 Transcript

[Text displays]
Learning from Incidents
Fatigue Management

[Animated sequence]
As we transition to the next slide, we see instructions displaying in upper frame-left and a numbered
list displaying in lower frame-right against the white background, with sections of text underlined for
emphasis. The bottom left quadrant of the compass graphic displays in upper frame-right, and the top
right quadrant of the compass graphic in lower frame-left, now in greyscale. Dissolve to white.

Voiceover
The sole purpose of this video is to provide learning. The characters and locations shown in this video
are fictional and used for convenience only. Whilst the video may be based on an incident or set of
incidents of like nature in the industry, it is neither a transcript from a real event, nor a step by step
account of what may have occurred. Where the video contains recommendations, this is one but not
necessarily the only way of addressing learnings.

[Text displays]
The sole purpose of this video is to provide learning.

The characters and locations shown in this video are fictional and used for convenience only.

Whilst the video may be based on an incident or set of incidents of like nature in the industry, it is
neither a transcript from a real event, nor a step by step account of what may have occurred.

Where the video contains recommendations, this is one but not necessarily the only way of addressing
learnings.

[Animated sequence]
As we transition to the next slide, we see sentences displaying against the white background. Dissolve
to white.

[Animated sequence]
We open on a white slide background. Text transitions in to display in upper frame-left. Below this, a
graphic transitions in to display at frame-centre. Blue lines form the outline of a compass-like graphic,
with a solid blue circle at its centre. A group of silhouettes, shown in various shades of blue, fill the top
half of the compass graphic, with their mirrored reflections shown in pale blue in the lower half of the
graphic. Some of the figures are smartly dressed, shown walking with briefcases or looking down at
documents or devices held in their hands. Other figures are shown to be wearing safety helmets, as
though working onsite. A yellow dot displays against each silhouette, and a white line encircles and
connects each yellow dot. Pale blue lines radiate out from the compass graphic in all directions,
stretching to the edge of the frame. Various icons also display around the outside of the compass
graphic. Included in these are graphics of ships, shown heading out from the compass in all directions,
as well as five white-line renewable energy icons in blue-shaded circles, each one bordering on the
compass graphic at various points. Dissolve to white.

[Text displays]
The content of this video is aiming to raise awareness on fatigue and the impact poor sleep can have
on our activities and operations.
It is not maritime specific as sleep is important for everyone in many different contexts.

[Animated sequence]
Next, against the white background, the compass graphic transitions in to display at frame-right, all as
just described, with pale blue lines radiating out from the graphic in all directions. Text transitions in to
display at frame-left. Dissolve to white.

[Text displays]
While watching the videos please have in mind that context drives behaviour. That’s one of the 5
principles of human performance.

5 Principles of Human Performance

1. People make mistakes (error is normal)
2. Blame fixes nothing
3. Learning and improving is vital
4. Context drives behaviour
5. How you respond matters

Part 1 - Sleep Matters

[Text displays]
Fatigue Management
Part 1 - Sleep Matters

[Animated sequence]
As we transition to the next slide, we see a title and subtitle display against the white background, both
vertically centred and left-aligned. Dissolve to white.

Voiceover
The human brain is amazing, a highly complex biological computer controlling the function of every
organ, every movement of every muscle, every sense, every word, every idea. But for us to survive and
for our brains to function well, there are certain things we can’t do without.

[Animated sequence]
On this and subsequent slides, animated sequences play out against grey backgrounds. Throughout
these, people are represented by white figures outlined in black/dark blue, and various highlighted
items in the sequences are shaded in Shell’s signature red and yellow colours. We begin with a
woman’s head rising from the background to be seen in profile view at frame-centre. An animation of
her brain appears and then a network of dots and lines start at the brain and then extend across the
frame in various directions. As the network expands, animations of various body parts display in circles
along the network, the lungs, the heart, arm muscles, the eye, the ear, all ultimately connecting to a
circle in the foreground displaying an animation of a spiral LED lamp. As we zoom back in to the
woman’s brain, the network dissolves out.

Voiceover
Along with oxygen, food and water, one of the most important of our basic human needs is sleep.

[Animated sequence]
Continuing the previous sequence, a yellow semicircle animates over the woman’s head, and further
animations appear in circles along the semicircle, these being O2 bubbles, an apple, wavy lines
denoting water, and a person lying on a bed. We zoom into this fourth graphic before dissolving out.

Voiceover
If we’re physically or mentally tired, our bodies can usually recover if we take a rest. But when we
don’t get the sleep we need, we become fatigued. And for that, there is only one cure. We have to
sleep.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a vessel’s mess room, including tables and chairs and
vending machines, with crew members standing around or seated at the tables. One particular
crewman sits down at a table with some effort, and we see a cup of coffee on the table in front of him.

Voiceover
But modern living has created a 24/7 society, and many of us have fallen into the habit of giving sleep a
lower priority than we ought to. We carry on checking emails and surfing the internet right up to and
beyond bedtime.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a bedroom with a bed, bedside table, curtained
windows, a radiator, etc. A figure walks towards the bed, his head bent over his device. The scene
transitions to a man and woman in bed, the motion of the female figure indicating that she is asleep.
The male figure is awake, his attention on his tablet device.

Voiceover
New technology means anywhere, anytime. It means we have become always on. And although we
might think it doesn’t affect us, a lack of sleep puts our health, our safety and our happiness at risk. It
affects our ability to pay attention and to think clearly, making it difficult to work safely.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing an industrial plant, where we see forklifts riding back
and forth outside the plant, and a workman walking along a paved area in the foreground. We zoom in
on the figure of the workman, the previously described scene continuing to play out in the background,
and a thought bubble appears above his head, displaying a spanner graphic. The sequence transitions
to a front view of the workman as the industrial plant scene reanimates in the background, and further
thought bubbles appear around the man, one displaying a cup of coffee, the other the figure of a
woman. A forklift crosses the frame in the foreground, almost knocking the workman down and
causing the thought bubbles to disappear. The industrial plant animations dissolve out.

Voiceover
Lack of sleep also affects our memory, our ability to learn, and can cause mood swings, affecting our
relationships with other people. So for everyone’s wellbeing and safety, it’s essential that we get the
right amount of sleep.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing the man’s figure at frame-centre once again. Graphics
animate onscreen, a sofa, baby playpen, toys, indicating this to be the man’s living area. Thought
bubbles animate around the man’s figure, one displaying a sandwich, another a bed. The man begins
to gesture vehemently. A female figure appears at frame-left, and both continue to wave their hands
around and point at one another.

Voiceover
Scientists know from research both in the laboratory and in the real world that we are extremely bad
at recognising when we are being affected by a lack of sleep. In fact, many of us believe, right up until
the point that our eyes are shutting, that we’re still able to work, drive and perform normally. The truth
is…

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing multiple large computer screens on a table at the
middle of a large room, and two figures working in the background. We zoom in on the long window in
the background, where we see a doctor conducting a sleep study on a patient. As we zoom in on the
figure in the bed, we see a sleep bubble form above the patient, displaying an oil rig graphic, then two
crewmen working on the rig. We zoom in on the thought bubble and the graphic of the two crewmen.
One dons his safety helmet while the other stays seated and rubs his hand over his head.

Voiceover
We’re not.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a male figure jumping upright in surprise.

Voiceover
A study carried out by an American university watched surgeons performing operations in a training
simulator. One group had already worked a full shift and were asked to carry on for a few more hours.
Following the study, most of the surgeons were convinced they had been awake the whole time, but in
reality, more than two-thirds of them had actually fallen asleep at some time during the simulated
operation without realising.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a patient lying on an operating table beneath
operating theatre lights and surrounded by surgeons and medical staff. We pull back on the scene, now
showing it as through a long viewing window, where we see two figures observing the procedure from
an adjacent room. We return to a close-up view of the medical staff around the operating table. A
figure at the far side of the operating table appears to nod off, then the scene changes slightly to show
one of the figures sitting down and dropping off to sleep.

Voiceover
And statistics from incident investigation show that some of this industry’s most serious incidents have
involved people who were fatigued.
[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing four successive images appearing at frame-centre
against a grey background, as though archival still shots of incidents. These portray fires at an oil
refinery, on board a vessel, at a plant, and a truck accident.

Voiceover
Drinking coffee or energy drinks may briefly increase your alertness, but only in the short term, and
caffeine intake can make it harder to sleep when you do get to bed.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a female figure seated at a table in a dining area, with
a cup of coffee and a canned beverage on the table in front of her. These dissolve out, as well as the
tables and long window behind the figure, and the sequence transitions to show the female figure lying
in bed.

Voiceover
Put simply, working or driving while fatigued can be highly dangerous for you and your colleagues, and
not getting the sleep your brain needs limits your potential. It affects how you feel, your ability to work
well and can damage your relationships with your colleagues, your friends and your family. It reduces
the quality of your life.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing the deck of a vessel at sea, and two crewmembers
working on deck. One is carrying a clipboard and the other is drilling, and we see the drill slip. The
scene transitions to show the crewmembers working on a lower deck of the vessel. As the one man is
tightening bolts on a pipe, the other begins to gesture, as though arguing. The first man stops what he
is doing and the second man turns to walk off.

Voiceover
So how can we make sure we get the amount of sleep we really need?

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a vessel’s mess room, as previously described,
including tables and chairs and vending machines, with crew members standing around or seated at
the tables. We zoom in on the crewman seated at a table with a coffee, appearing exhausted. Dissolve
to white.

Voiceover
Please discuss in groups of four to six people. What prevents you from getting sufficient sleep? How
does lack of sleep affect you? What could be the consequence or consequences for you or others, for
example, your family?

[Text displays]
Please discuss in groups of 4-6 people

What prevents you from getting sufficient sleep?

How does lack of sleep affect you?

What could be the consequence(s) for you or others (your family)?

[Animated sequence]
As we transition to the next slide, we see instructions displaying at top of frame and three questions
displaying below this in frame-left against the white background. The compass graphic displays in
lower frame-right, all as previously described, with pale blue lines radiating out from the graphic in all
directions. Dissolve to white.

Part 2 - Sleep Well

[Text displays]
Fatigue Management
Part 2 - Sleep Well

[Animated sequence]
As we transition to the next slide, we see a title and subtitle display against the white background, both
vertically centred and left-aligned. Dissolve to white.

Voiceover
It’s important to be aware of how much sleep you need and to make time for it. Fatigue is caused by
three things, how long you’ve been awake, the time of day or night and how much sleep you’ve had
beforehand. Most people need at least seven hours’ sleep every day.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing the wheels and pinions of a timepiece. As we zoom
out on this, we see the clock’s face with its hour and minute hands moving rapidly while a figure stands
in front of the dial, lifting his arm as though to look at his watch. A moon graphic animates at lower
frame-left and arcs across the scene. As it disappears at lower frame-right, a sun graphic animates at
lower frame-left and arcs across the scene. The scene angle changes slightly, and we see the man
yawning in frame-left, while the clock dial and its wheels and pinions continue spinning in frame-right.
The number seven animates in frame-right in the foreground.

Voiceover
Whilst it is well known that sleep is crucial for all living organisms, why sleep is so important has
puzzled scientists for centuries.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a bedroom with a bed, bedside table, curtained
windows, and a sleeping cat and dog. Empty thought bubbles animate above the animals.

Voiceover
Recent research has shown that sleep may provide the brain with an opportunity to be cleaned, almost
as if it receives a biological wash, carrying away toxins and waste products generated during the
working day.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a large, empty thought bubble. As we zoom into the
white background of this graphic, a window squeegee begins to clean a square area, revealing the
figure of the person cleaning the window on the other side of it.

Voiceover
And even when we sleep, the brain is still busy.
[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a sleeping figure with sensors attached to his head.

Voiceover
Scientists believe that during deep sleep…

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a scientist conducting a sleep study on a patient.

Voiceover
Our brain is taking information gathered during the day and laying it down in the form of memories
and connections between areas of the brain that allow us to learn and build long-term knowledge. If
we don’t get enough deep sleep, our memories and experiences from the previous day will be lost, and
we are less able to learn and react to the events of the coming day.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing the profile view of the woman’s head at frame-centre,
as before. A bridge animates in the background. Once again, an animation of the woman’s brain
appears and then a network of dots and lines start at the brain and then extend across the frame in
various directions. As the network expands, animated graphics display in circles along the network, a
briefcase, an apple, a baby, an eye, a tree, all ultimately connecting to a circle in the foreground
displaying an animation of a spiral LED lamp. As we zoom back in to the woman’s brain, the network
dissolves out. The brain animation separates out into several floating puzzle pieces.

Voiceover
Our desire to sleep is controlled by a circadian clock, an internal biological timer that works in harmony
with our surroundings.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing the torso of a human figure, and a variously shaded
dial appearing within the torso. The dial is split into four, with a sun graphic and the number 12 in the
northern segment, a sun with clouds in the western and eastern segments, along with the numbers
nine and three respectively, and a moon and the number six in the southern segment. A block arrow
travels around the edge of the dial in a clockwise direction. We zoom out slightly on the human figure.

Voiceover
At night time, it helps to create the right bodily conditions for sleeping by, for example, varying our
body temperature and brain activity in ways that directly affect our alertness. And in the morning, it
helps us wake up.

[Animated sequence]
Continuing the previous sequence, we see the figure standing in a living area in front of a sofa, and we
see a television and other furniture completing the scene. We now see the colourful dial circle around
the man, disappearing behind his back, and as the man points towards his upper right, a line extends
up from the man, linked to a box displaying the graphic of a human figure, with the moon alongside.
Again, as the man points towards his upper left, a line extends to a box displaying the graphic of a
thermometer. As he points towards his lower right, a line extends down to a box displaying a brain
graphic. Then, as he points towards his lower left, a line extends to a box displaying a bell graphic
above a small clock dial.
Voiceover
If we pay attention to the signals our brain sends us and are able to maintain regular sleep patterns,
then our need for sleep can be satisfied without much difficulty. But whenever we miss out on sleep,
we start to build up a sleep debt.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a man working at an industrial plant, indicated by
piping and other infrastructure as well as a busy forklift. The sun arcs overhead, moving from frame-
left to frame-right, followed by the moon doing the same. The sequence transitions to a bedroom
scene, showing the man getting into bed. The moon arcs overhead, moving from frame-left to frame-
right. As the sun rises at frame-left, the sequence transitions back to the man working at the industrial
plant, and the sun arcs overhead, moving from frame-left to frame-right. The moon follows, arcing
from frame-left to frame-right. The man leans against a piece of piping, appearing tired.

Voiceover
For example, if you need seven hours’ sleep but only get six, you may feel there’s little difference. But
just one hour a day over a week is equivalent to going one whole night without sleep. If you have built
up a sleep debt, two good full sleeps will pay it off. And you should always try to do it as soon as
possible.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a yellow dial against a white background. As the hour
hand moves around the dial, red shading shows an hour of sleep missed. The dial splits off into seven
dials stretching across the frame, each dial showing a missing hour of sleep. The yellow dials dissolve
out and the red slices of time come together to form a complete circle. As we zoom in on the red
segments, we see them dissolve out one by one, leaving an empty white circle. The final segment at
the top of the circle is replaced by the graphic of a person lying on a bed.

Voiceover
And how you sleep is just as important as when you sleep.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing two crewmembers sleeping on a bunk bed, one
above, one below.

Voiceover
A healthy lifestyle, including varied diet and regular exercise, will have a big effect on how well you
sleep, or reading, and going to bed at the same time every day.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a plate bearing an apple and a carrot, which
transitions to a figure running on a treadmill, which transitions to a book opening to the first page.

Voiceover
Skipping meals or eating at irregular times can affect the quality of your sleep.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a vessel’s mess room, as previously described,
including tables and chairs and vending machines, with crew members standing around or seated at
the tables. We zoom in on the crewman seated at the table, this time with a plate on the table in front
of him and we see him engaging with another crewmember.

Voiceover
A light snack before bed may help you sleep, but a heavy meal can interfere with your ability to sleep
well.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a man sitting at a table, a curtained window in the
background. The man is holding a knife and fork, and a cereal box and bowl animate onscreen. As we
zoom out on the scene, a sandwich, roast chicken, slice of cake and bottle of wine and wine glass
appear on the table and the man lifts his knife and fork into the air.

Voiceover
Try to relax before going to bed, and avoid doing things that might stimulate the brain, like going
through your emails or social networking.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a living room scene, including sofas, curtained
windows, bookshelf and a desk with a laptop. A young person is sitting with their laptop in one of the
chairs. A woman stands in front of her laptop on the table. A network of dots and lines appear in front
of the laptop screen, with well-known social media and email icons appearing at various points along
the network. The sequence transitions to focus on the young person seated in the chair next to the
bookcase. A network of dots and lines appear above the laptop screen, with well-known social media
and email icons appearing at various points along the network.

Voiceover
Make sure that the room you sleep in is cool and that light or noise won’t disturb your sleep until you
wake naturally. If you can choose where to sleep, pick somewhere quiet and not exposed to sunlight or
street lighting.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a bedroom with a bed, bedside table, windows with
undrawn curtains, showing a street lamp outside, a fan, etc. The room darkens and the bedside lamp
comes on, and the curtains are drawn.

Voiceover
Before going to sleep, switch your phone to a setting where it won’t ring unless it’s urgent.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a hand holding a phone. With their other hand, the
person unlocks their screen, revealing app icons. They swipe down to the quick settings and select a
night mode.

Voiceover
A good mattress and bedding and a good pillow are really important and can dramatically improve the
quality of your sleep, which in turn can have an enormously positive effect on the quality of your life in
general. Give sleep a top priority.
[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing the various layers descending to form the mattress of
the bed in the bedroom scene, followed by pillows and bedding, and we see the man asleep in bed. As
he turns over in his sleep, thought bubbles appear above his head, and the large thought bubble in the
foreground shows the man standing with his partner and child. We zoom out on the full bedroom
scene, and then the bedroom door closes in the foreground. A “Do not disturb” tag hangs over the
door knob, displaying a shushing face icon. Dissolve to white.

Voiceover
Please discuss in groups of four to six people. How do you pay attention to the signals your body and
your brain give you regarding sleep? What choices do you make regarding your sleep patterns? When
would you miss out on sleep? What leads you to build sleep debt?

[Text displays]
Please discuss in groups of 4-6 people

How do you pay attention to the signals your body / brain gives you regarding sleep?

What choices do you make regarding your sleep patterns?

When would you miss out on sleep - what leads you to build sleep debt?

[Animated sequence]
As we transition to the next slide, we see instructions displaying at top of frame and three questions
displaying below this in frame-left against the white background. The compass graphic displays in
lower frame-right, all as previously described, with pale blue lines radiating out from the graphic in all
directions. Dissolve to white.

Part 3 - A Shared Responsibility

[Text displays]
Fatigue Management
Part 3 - A Shared Responsibility

[Animated sequence]
As we transition to the next slide, we see a title and subtitle display against the white background, both
vertically centred and left-aligned. Dissolve to white.

Voiceover
Sleep is a basic requirement for our overall health, but we live in an increasingly sleep-deprived age,
one in which poor sleep habits can become accepted. Our lives are busy, and we will often put work,
our family and fun before sleep. But fatigue is not only a serious safety risk at work. Its effects can also
be felt in family life, disrupting relationships by making us irritable and short-tempered.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a rotating carousel split into various scenes: a
bedroom, in which a figure is standing on a mat in front of their bed; a garage, in which a car is parked;
an industrial plant, where a workman is drilling piping; a living room, in which a figure is seated on a
sofa while a baby cries on a mat in front of the television; a dining area, where the man and woman
seated at the table are arguing.
Voiceover
Look at your lifestyle to see if there are opportunities to improve the amount and quality of your sleep.
Most of us will find that there are choices we can make that will help us avoid becoming fatigued.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing the crewmembers sharing the bunk bed, as previously
described. This time, the crewman on top bunk is sitting on the edge of his bed, working on his laptop.
We zoom in on the crewman on the top bunk and we see him close his laptop and get into bed.

Voiceover
Even so, all of us are likely to experience fatigue at some time, but it will be more common among shift
workers, those working nights or after long-haul flights. The best way of fighting fatigue then is through
prevention.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a captain standing at a navigation deck in the
background, and in the foreground, several crewmembers working on computers at their desks. We
see one of the crewmen stretching. Next, we see two workers at an industrial plant as night falls.
Finally, a figure stands in front of a luggage carousel at an airport, and as night turns to day, we see a
plane take off through the windows in the background.

Voiceover
By understanding the causes of fatigue, we can make the right choices, choices that recognise the
importance of sleep, and trying to ensure we consistently get at least seven hours of good sleep every
day.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a figure seated on a sofa in a living area, watching
television. We see the time passing on a wall clock in the background, and through the window, we see
the sun sinking in the sky. A closer view of the figure on the sofa shows them looking at the clock on
the wall, then lifting the remote to turn off the television as darkness falls. As the figure stands up from
the sofa, the number seven animates at frame-centre. The figure moves around the sofa and exits the
scene at frame-right.

Voiceover
Choose to take your sleep seriously. And make sure you get the sleep your brain needs. Respect the
needs of your family and colleagues to get the sleep they need. Create the best conditions for your
sleep, a cool, dark, quiet bedroom with a good mattress and pillow. And don’t let your love of
technology damage your sleep.

[Animated sequence]
Continuing the previous sequence, the night-time living room scene shrinks slightly to an inset against
a grey background. This is followed by successive insets which appear over and replace the ones before
them. These are: a figure asleep in bed in a bedroom; the puzzle pieces of the brain graphic coming
together, seen against the background of the bridge previously described; a man, woman and their
child standing together; the night-time bedroom scene, with the bed, bedside table, windows with
undrawn curtains, showing a street lamp outside, a fan, etc.; a figure standing in front of the bed in the
bedroom scene, this time with the curtains drawn.

Voiceover
Your wellbeing and safety are really important. And while limits on working hours and health and
safety regulations can help to protect you…

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing an industrial plant, where we see a forklift riding
along in the background, and a workman standing amidst piping and infrastructure in the foreground
and looking down at his clipboard.

Voiceover
It’s only you that can manage how much sleep you get.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing the living room scene, together with sofa, television,
window and cabinet, and a man, woman and child are standing together in front of the sofa.

Voiceover
Sleep matters. So be good to your brain, be good to yourself…

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing a bedroom scene, together with bed, bedside cabinet,
curtained windows, radiator, and a man asleep in bed with his cat curled up beside him and his dog
asleep on the floor. We see the curtains being drawn.

Voiceover
And continue to be amazing.

[Animated sequence]
We transition to an animated sequence showing crewmembers standing on the navigation deck, their
attention on the controls in front of them. Dissolve to white.

Voiceover
After your group discussion, please think about what will you do differently to ensure you get sufficient
sleep?

[Text displays]
After your group discussion, please think about

What will you do differently to ensure you get sufficient sleep?

[Animated sequence]
As we transition to the next slide, we see instructions displaying at top of frame and one questions
displaying below this in frame-left against the white background. The compass graphic displays in
lower frame-right, all as previously described, with pale blue lines radiating out from the graphic in all
directions. Dissolve to white.

[Audio]
Shell brand mnemonic played on keys.

[Animated sequence]
Against a pale grey slide background, a small Pecten in the form of a shadow outline enters at frame-
centre, then expands to fill the frame, before dissolving out. Meanwhile, the small classic red and
yellow Pecten transitions in to display at frame-centre.