Study this example situation: yesterday morning ‘Yesterday morning | gor up and looked ovt of the window: The sun was shining, bur the ground was Ihad been raining. Iwas not taining when I looked ovt of the windo the sun was shining. But it had been raining before. Had been -ing isthe past perfect continuous doing working playing etc Usselvoulthes Theishelit had Some more examples 13 When the boys came into the house, their clothes were dit, their fone of them had a black eye. They'd beea fighting. 10 Iwas very tired when I gor home. I'd been working hard al da. © When I went to Madeid few years ago, Lstayed with a friend of mine. She'd been vig, there only a short time but knew the ci very well was untidy and ‘You can say that something had been happening fora period of time before something ese happened: 1D We'd been playing tennis for about half an hour when i stated to rain heavily 12 George went to the doctor las Friday. He hada’ been fling well for some time. ‘Compare have been “ing (present perfect contiwrous) and ad been “ing (past perfect continuous): Proont perfect continuous Past perfect continous bast ow | ast ‘wow © hope the bus comes soon. I've been © Ar ast the bus came. Pd been waiting ‘waiting for 20 minutes. (before now) for 20 minutes. (before the bus came) © James is out of breath, He has been © James was out of breath. He had been running sunning. ‘Compare was -ing (past continuous) and had been ing: 1 Ie wasn ening when we went out. The sun was shining, Bur chad been raining, so the ‘ground was wet. © Cathy was sitting in an armchair resting. She was tired because she'd been working very hard Some vers for example, know and like) are not normally sed in the continuous: 'D We were good friends. We had known each other for years. (not had been knowing) Fora ls of these verbs, see Unit 4A. Present perfect continuous > Units 9-10 Past perfect simple Unit 15Exercises Unit 16 16.1. Read the situations and make sentences from the words in brackets, 1 Las very tted when I arrived home. (1) work / hard all day) 14. been, werking hard. ot. ay, 2 The wo boys came into the house. They had a football and they were both very tired. (they / play football 3 Las disappointed when I had to cancel my holiday. (look / forward rot) a os 4 Ann woke up in che middle of the night. She was Frightened and dide't know where she was. (she / dream) . - is 5 When I gor home, Tom was sting in fon ofthe TV. He had jus ened it of he J watch fm) aia era 16.2 Read the situations and complete the sentences. 1 We played tennis yesterday. Half an houe after we bepan playing i started t rin ‘We M4. been plang fer naan Nur when i, Seabed. fo rain, 2 Thad arranged to meet Tom in a restaurant. [arrived and waited for him. After 20 minutes T suddenly realised that I was inthe wrong restaurant 1 a FOF 20 minutes When Ln the wrong restaurant. 5 Sarah got a jb in factory. Five years later the factory closed down. “Atte time the factory ey SAAN - ‘therefor Five years. 4 Tent to a concert last week. The orchestra began playing, After about ren minutes @ man in the audience suddenly started shouting. The orchesta = This time make your own sentence: 5 Thegan walking along the road. P———————____— when - a 163 Put the ver into the most suitable form, past continuous (I was doing) past perfect Wad done) or past perfect continuous (had been doing). 1 Tewas very noisy next door. Our neighbours "6. avrg. (have) a party. 22 We were good friends. We iad. know. (know) each other for year. 55 John and'I went fora walk. I had difficulty keeping up with him because he (veal) 0 fst 4 Sue was siting onthe round. She was out of breath. She (ean) 5 When Lartved, everybody was sitting eound the table with cher mouths fll. They (eao. 6 When Larrved, everybody was sitting round the table and talking. Their mouths were empty, but their stomachs were full, They acne 7 Jim was on his hands and knees on the Boo, He mon ook) for his fontact lens. 8 When I arrved, Kate (wait) for me, She was annoyed with me because I wat late and she = _— (wait) for along ime. 9 Las sad when I sold my ear — (have it for avery longtime 10 We were extemely tired atthe end of the journey. We (travel) for more than 24 hours, ~ Additonal exercises 6-8 (paaes 304-07) 33