SOUTHERN BAPTIST COLLEGE, INC HIGH SCHOOL

M’lang, North Cotabato, 9402 Philippines

Sbcmlanghs@gmail.com; 09518263138; 0645726321

QUARTER 2 Activities (January 8-12, 2024)

Student’s Complete Name:

Grade and Section: Contact Number:

LEARNING CONPETENCIES OTHER LEARNING COMPETENCIES

1. Describe the different levels of biological
organization from cell to biosphere

2. Differentiate plant and animal cells according

to presence or absence of certain organelles

3. Explain why the cell is considered the basic 1.a identify beneficial and harmful
structural and functional unit of all organisms microorganisms; S7LT-IIf-6

Learning Competency: Describe the different levels of biological organization from cell to
biosphere
Lesson 2: The Different Levels of Biological Organization

The biosphere
Cells
Tissues
Ecosystems 10 µm
Organs and Cell
Organ systems

Organelles
Communities

1 µm

Populations 50 µm Molecules
Organisms

Biological Organization – refers to the system of classification that arranges the levels of life in a
hierarchical order. In this system, each level is more complex than the level that precedes.

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The different levels of organization are as follows:

1. Cell – it is the smallest unit of the biological

organization, with all living things having this
basic functional structure. Indeed, life is
impossible without the cell.
Most cells have a nucleus, or the part that contains
genetic material in the form of deoxyribonucleic
acid (DNA).
2. Tissue – is a group of distinct and similar cells
that carry out a specific set of functions.
Human and animals have four types of tissues: epithelial (is made up of cells that form the covering
or lining of all body surfaces, such as the outer layer of the skin), connective (made up of cells and
fibers – include blood, lymph, connective tissue proper, cartilage and bones), muscle (is used by the
body to contract its skeletal parts), and nerves (enables the body to react to stimuli and conducts nerve
impulses to various parts of the body).
3. Organ – is made up of two or more types of tissues that are grouped
together to perform a specific task. Some examples of organs are heart,
lungs, kidney, and stomach.
4. Organ System – is made up of two or more organs that work together
as a single unit to perform a broad set of functions, particularly in
many-celled (multicellular) organisms. The digestive system is an
example of organ system. In this system, the mouth, esophagus,
stomach, pancreas, gallbladder, liver, and small and large intestines
work together to process food that the body needs.

5. Organisms – is an individual either single-celled (unicellular) or

many-celled, which represents the complete framework of organ
systems, or organs, and all other components that carry out the
processes of a living things. Plants, animals, humans, bacteria and
other forms of life are examples of organisms.
Unicellular organisms have only one cell but they can function and
perform independently.
They can either be eukaryote (cell with nucleus) or a prokaryote
(cell without a nucleus).
A bacterium is an example of prokaryote while an amoeba is an example of a eukaryote.

6. Population – is made up of a group of organisms of the

same species that are capable of interbreeding and that
live in a specific area.
A group of tarsiers that are found in the island of Bohol
is an example of a population.

7. Community – is made up of all the different population of

different species that interact and coexist in a specific area.
The group of tarsiers in the forests of Bohol and the humans,
plants, and other animals, with which they interact in Bohol,
comprise a community.

8. Ecosystem – is made up of the living things in populations and the

nonliving things that they interact or work with in their
environment or surroundings.
The forest in which tarsiers live in Bohol is an example of an
ecosystem, with living things such as animals, plants, and people
interacting with nonliving things like rocks, soil and light.
A pond is another example of an ecosystem.

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9. Biosphere – is the part of Earth and its atmosphere that contains all ecosystems and on which living
organisms exists. The biosphere can range from the atmosphere to the ocean depths and from a very
cold environment to a very hot environment. Living things can be found in the atmosphere, the
deepest parts of the ocean, and in some areas, in rocks several kilometers below the surface of Earth.

Learning Competencies:
 explain why the cell is considered the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
 identify beneficial and harmful microorganisms,
Lesson 3: Cell as the Basic Structural and Functional Unit of all Organisms
The cell and its processes have a lot of similarities with a modern factory. The organelles of
the cell act like specialized people, machines and assembly line to produce different products.
The cell as a factory cab easily be divided into major parts: the nucleus as the command
center, the cytoplasm with different parts of the cell are found and protected from the outside
environment by the cell membrane. The cell is filled with a living substance called protoplasm. The
protoplasm is a mixture of many compounds forming a jellylike substance where all the chemical
activities of the cell take place. Around 70 to 90 percent of the protoplasm is water, while the rest is a
combination of different compounds, such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Suspended in the protoplasm are the organelles acting like “little organs” that carry out specific functions
that are independent of one another. Animals, plants, and bacterial cells exhibit most of these cell
structures. However, some characteristics are unique to a particular cell.

The Cell Theory: A Summary of the Cell Story

In 1831, Robert Brown identified a dark-stained structure at the center of every cell he observed. He
referred to such structure as the nucleus. In 1838, a German botanist named Matthias Scheiden proposed,
as a result of his experiments that all plants are made up of cells. A year after, German physiologist,
Theodor Schwann observed and proposed that all animals, likewise, made up of cells. In 1855, German
pathologist Rudolf Virchow concluded that cells self-reproduce. He proposed that cells can only arise
from the division of a previously existing cell.
The discoveries of Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow are summarized into cell theory, which states
that:
1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells;
2. The cell is the basic unit of structures and function of all organism, and
3. All cells arise only from pre-existing cells.
Various Scientist and their contribution to the Cell Theory
Date Scientist Contribution
1665 Robert Hooke First to discover cell in the cork, called it “cells”
Publish Microgaphia
1838 Matthias Schleiden “Plants are made up of cell”
1839 Theodor Schwann “Animal are made up of cells”
1855 Rudolf Virchow “All cells came from pre-existing cell”

Microorganism
Microorganisms are organisms that cannot be seen without the use of the microscope. All prokaryote
cells, such as bacteria, are considered microorganisms. Some eukaryotes, such as some species of protest
and fungi, are considered microorganism because you cannot see them with unaided eye.
Most microorganisms are prokaryotic and devoid of membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus,
unlike most multicellular organisms that are eukaryotic. However, some microorganisms possess
characteristics that resemble animal, plant, or fungal behaviour. For example, some protest can make their
own food, which suggests that they must have light-harvesting plastids to aid this process, unlike many
multicellular organisms that depend on producers for nutrition. Some protest may also act like animals
such that they can consume smaller organism for nutrition.
Other protists are like fungi that can break down organic matter for food. Some species of fungi are
also considered microorganisms despite being eukaryotic because of their invisibility to the naked eye.
Fungi do not contain plant pigments despite plant like appearance of common fungi such as
mushrooms.
Lastly, viruses can be distinguished from multicellular organisms such that they are not cellular life-
forms in the first place. Viruses are not enclosed by cell membranes, do not carry genetic information in

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the form of nucleic acids, do not contain enzymes and coenzymes in their cytoplasm, and do not use ATP
to drive processes unlike all multicellular organisms. Because of this, viruses are described as a cellular
and they cannot survive in the absence of a living cell.

(For discussion refer to DIWA Textbook: Science for the 21 st Century Learner 7 pages 136-146 and pages
154-162)
Learning Competency:
 differentiate plant and animal cells according to presence or absence of certain organelles

Lesson 4: The Difference Between Animal and Plant Cells

Both animal and plant cells are of the eukaryotic type. However, they also have parts that are
different. For one, plant cells have cell walls that animal cells do not have. For another,
animal cells do not have chloroplast, which are specialized plant organelles that capture light energy and
then converts that capture light energy and then converts this to form that can be used by the cell. These
chloroplasts are found in plant cells ad eukaryotic algae. They are mainly involved in photosynthesis.
They use solar energy to build carbohydrates (glucose) and release oxygen.

Instruction: Kindly answer all the given activities. To be pass on Friday (January 12, 2024)

Learning Competency: Describe the different levels of biological organization from cell to biosphere
Activity 1: What Am I?

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What to Do! Write the different levels of biological organization from cell to biosphere. (11pts.)

1
8
2
9

10
4
5 11

Learning Competencies:
 explain why the cell is considered the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
 identify beneficial and harmful microorganisms,

Activity 2: Matching Type!

What to Do! Match the items in column A with the items in column B. Write the letter of your answer on
the line before each number.
Cell Organelles and their description. (10pts)

Column A
_____1. A semipermeable barrier of the cell Column B
_____2. Contains a hereditary materials a. Lysosome
_____3. Undergoes photosynthesis b. Vesicle
_____4. Produces proteins c. Endoplasmic reticulum
_____5. Produces steroids d. Vacuole
_____6. Flattened sacs e. Cytoskeleton
_____7. Moves substances from one organelle to f. Golgi apparatus
another g. Ribosome
_____8. Serves as food storage h. Mitochondria
_____9. Contains hydrolytic enzymes i. Nucleus
_____10. Digest bacteria and other foreign j. Cell membrane
substances k. plastid

Learning Competency:
 differentiate plant and animal cells according to presence or absence of certain organelles
Activity 3: Tell!
What to Do!

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 A. Tell whether each phrase describes an animal cell only, a plant cell only, or both. (5pts)
1. Has numerous small vacuoles - _________________________
2. Presence of chloroplasts - _________________________
3. Presence of cell membrane - _________________________
4. Presence of cell wall - _________________________
5. Circular in shape - _________________________

B. Tell whether the description fits a eukaryotic cell or prokaryotic cell. (5pts)
1. Simple cell that lacks nucleus - _________________________
2. Has genetic material encased in a distinct nucleus - _________________________
3. Found in simple organisms such as bacteria and algae - _________________________
4. Composed of cellular structures with unique - _________________________
5. Organelles are arranged in compartments surrounded by membranes - _________________________

Activity 4: Compare and Contrast

What to Do! Observe the similarities and differences of plant and animal cells based on their organelles,
shape, etc.. (15pts)

Plant Cell Animal Cell

Activity 5: Label the different parts of the cell. (27pts)

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 1.
8.

2.
9.

3. 10.

4.
11.
5.

6.
12.

7. 13.

1. 9.

2.
3. 10.
4.
11.
5.
12.
6.

7. 13.

8. 14.

REFERENCES

Books:
Laurente, Jomar Aries T., et al. Science for the 21st Century Learner 7: DIWA Learning System Inc.,
2015 pages 136-146

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