ECOLE SUPERIEURE POLYTECHNIQUE

PROCESS ENGINEERING

LIQUID LIQUID EXTRACTION

Professor :
Dr Alpha Ousmane Toure
Made by :
Mariama Toure
And Mame Diarra Bousso Mboup
 INTRODUCTION :
Extraction is a separation process in chemical engineering and laboratory
chemistry that consists of taking one or more chemical species from a
liquid or solid mixture . There are many types of extractions
oExtraction by vapor
oExtraction by supercritical fluid
oExtraction by solid
oExtraction by liquid
There are two types of extraction by liquid : solid-liquid extraction and
liquid-liquid extraction .
I. LIQUID LIQUID EXTRACTION
1. DEFINITION :
Liquid liquid extraction , sometimes called solvent extraction , is
an operation that involves a transfer of material from a solute
between two phases that are not or partially miscible with each
other to extract the solute dissolved in one of phases .
Phase 1: it contains the species to be extracted , dissolved in
the solvent called diluent .
Phase 2: it is a solvent non-miscible with the diluent ; it is
used for extraction
I. LIQUID LIQUID EXTRACTION

2°) Conditions :
To carry out the extraction the solvent must meet a
number of conditions that are :
The solvent and diluent must be non-miscible
The substance to be extracted must be more soluble
in the extractor solvent than in the diluent .
 I. LIQUID LIQUID EXTRACTION
3°) Process of the operation :
Liquid liquid extraction is done through these following steps :
•Mixt the two liquid phases , phase 1 and phase 2 .
•Separate constituents by several methods including decantation .
•At the end of separation , there are two other phases :
Organic phase or the extract : Rich in solvent and contains most of the solute .
Aqueous or refining phase : Rich in diluent and contains little solute .
 Phase 2 :
Phase 1 : Extractor solvent
Diluent + solute

MIXTURE

Extracted
phase :
Solvent + Refining
Solute phase :

Dilent + solute
 LIQUID LIQUID EXTRACTION :

Phase 1 : Mixture :
diluent + Solute phase1 + Extraction
Phase 2
II°) APPLICATION OF THIS PROCESS
Liquid liquid extraction is an important separation method in research and
chemical analysis. It is used in several areas such as :
•Nuclear: to separate uranium and plutonium from fuels that come out of
power plants
•Fine chemistry : to recover oils or perfumes
•Metallurgy : to recover also metals through minerals
Etc …..
III°) ADVANTAGES :

liquid liquid extraction is a separation method widely

used both on laboratory scale and in industrial
processes due to its simplicity . Its use is very
advantageous . In fact ,
It commits low costs .
It allows working with thermally labile and high
boiling compounds.
It has easy scability .
IV°) DISADVANTAGES :
It is often difficult to achieve phases contact .
Disadvantages of liquid liquid extraction include
use of large solvent volumes , multiple extractions ,
and long extraction times .
It is difficult to apply implement on a large scale .
 CONCLUSION :
Most important operation in the field of chemical
engineering after distillation , liquid liquid extraction is a
separation process based on the difference in solubility of a
solute in two non-miscible liquids. It is widely used on an
industrial scale for several areas .