Communicable Diseases

 R – reddening in and around the

nodule  Dx Exam: Clinical observation
 E – edema
 S – sudden ↑ in the number of lesions  Med Mgt: Symptomatic
 T – tenderness and pain on nerves o Antibiotics – to prevent secondary bacterial
 SEVERE infection
 I – Iritis o Cause of death – pneumonia
 S – sudden acute paralysis
 A – acute uveitis  Nrsg Care: Supportive
o Avoid Draft
 Nursing Mgt: o Adequate rest
o Psychological Aspect of Care o Adequate nutrition
 ↓ self-esteem o Communicable
 Social stigma  4 days before and 5 days after
o Skin Care appearance of rashes
 Skin injury because of loss of sensation  Hightly communicable: BEFORE rashes
 Chronic skin ulcer appear
o Provide/encourage physical exercise  More respiratory secretions before =
o Provide drug information more/highly communicable before
appearance of rashes
* does not give permanent immunity o Gives permanent immunity
 Prevention:
 Prevention o Immunization
o Immunization (BCG)  AMV – 9 mos.
o Avoid MOT (contact with patient with Leprosy) o 0.5 mL/ SC
o PPE: Contact precaution; Droplet Precaution o Deltoid
o May have fever
2. MEASLES (Rubeola) o May experience mild rash reaction –
 AKA: Rubeola, Morbilli, Hard Measles, Little Red NORMAL
Disease, 7 day measles, 9 day measles, 1st Disease  MMR – 12 to 15 months
 1st Measles o Same dosage, route, site and
2nd Scarlet Fever/Scarletina instructions
3rd German measles o Female of child bearing age – no
4th Duke’s Disease pregnancy within 3 months
5th Erythema Infectiosum / Slapped cheek  Congenital defect
disease o Endemic – may be given as early as 6
6th Roseola Infantum, Exanthem Crotiam, months then revaccination at 15
Exanthem Subitum, Tigdas Hangin months
 CA: Paramyxovirus (Rubeola virus) o Proper disposal
 MOT: Airborne (Respiratory Droplet)
 S/sx: 3. GERMAN MEASLES (Rubella)
o Pre-eruptive Stage  AKA: 3 day disease, Rubella, Roteln
 High grade fever (3 to 4 days)  CA: Pseudoparamyxovirus (Togavirus/Rubella virus)
 3 C’s  MOT: Direct (droplet)
o Cough  S/sx:
o Colds/ coryza o Pre-eruptive Stage
o Conjunctivitis  Presence or absence of fever (1 to 2 days)
 Eyes are res, excessive lacrimal  Mild cough or mild colds
discharges  Hallmark sign : Forschheimer’s Spots
 Photosensitivity o Fine red spots/ Petechial spots
 Koplick Spots o Soft palate
o Fine red spots with bluish or grayish white
spot at the center o Eruptive Stage
o Within the inner cheek  Maculo-papular rashes
o Pinkish, discreet – smaller/finer rashes
o Eruptive Stage o Cephalocaudal – starts at the face
 Maculo-papular rashes o 24 hrs entire body
o Reddish, blotchy  Enlargement of lymph nodes – differentiating
o Cephalocaudal – 1st appears behind the factor between measles and German
ears, face, neck, extremities measles
o Appears 3rd day of illness (2 to 3 days o Suboccipital
entire body) o Posterior auricular
o Posterior cervical
o Post-eruptive Stage
 Fine branny
 Desquamation o Post-eruptive Stage
 If the spots start to peel off – on the road to  Rashes disappears (3rd day of illness)
recovery  Enlarged lymph node gradually subsides

University of Santo Tomas – College of Nursing / JSV