Research - Midterm

HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY
School of Engineering and Architecture
Hospital and Command Center
BY
AMORES, AILA MAE
ARCILLA, ADRIANNE
BALUYUT, DIANA
BARAQUIEL, JUSTINE
BELAS, KYLA
BONGON, CHRISTIAN
IGNACIO, ALEXANDRIA
PADILLA, BETHEL
REYES, JOMAR
SIAPENGCO, ALLANA
VILLAROSA, MICHELLE
Ar- 403
02.07.2024
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Abstract
This research intends to investigate and develop different areas of good zoning,
design, and planning. techniques, respect of applicable regulations, consideration of
spaces and site location, and the link Human activities in terms of safety regulations,
all of which will be implemented into the Hospital and Command Center planning.
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Table of Contents
1 HOSPITAL……………………………………………………………………. 4
1.1 Background of Hospital -Basic Design Guidelines in the Planning and
Design of Hospital as per DOH ……………………………………………………….. 4
1.2 Space Programming for the Hospital - Abstract……………………………..…… 11
1.3 Benchmarked Projects............................................................................................. 18
1.4 . Architectural design standards…………………………………………………… 36
1.5. Rooming-in Act…………………………………………………………………… 41
I. Republic Act 7600
II. Benefits
2 COMMAND CENTER………………………………………………………….. 43
2.1 Background of Command Center -Basic Design Guidelines in the
Planning and Design of Hospital as per DOH…………………………………………. 43
2.2 Space Programming for the Command Center- Abstract………………………….. 49
2.3 Benchmarked Projects………………………………………………………...…… 50
3. RELEVANT BUILDING LAWS (NBC, BP344, RA9514, RA 1378).................... 66
4. REFERENCES……………………………………………………………….….… 90
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1 HOSPITAL
Hospitals are facilities dedicated to disease diagnosis, treatment, and lodgings. They have existed
in most countries, but nations with lower incomes frequently lack adequate facilities and skilled
personnel to handle the volume of patients. This leads to shorter life spans and restricted access
to modern treatment and public health interventions.
Hospitals in affluent countries are more complex as contemporary technology expands diagnostic
capabilities and treatment options. This necessitates highly qualified personnel for the expanded
range of services and more complex treatments. The confluence of medical research,
engineering, and biotechnology has resulted in the creation of new therapies and tools that
necessitate specialized training and infrastructure. As a result, it became more expensive to
operate, prompting health care providers to prioritize quality, cost, efficacy, and efficiency.
(Harold Scarborough 2024).
1.1 Basic Design Guidelines in the Planning and Design of Hospital as per DOH
a. Environment
Hospitals and health facilities must be conveniently accessible, free of noise, smoke, dust,
unpleasant odors, and flooding, and not located near railroads, freight yards, children's
recreation areas, airports, industrial plants, or disposal facilities.
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b. Safety
Hospitals and health institutions must provide a safe environment for patients, staff, and
the general public, with buildings constructed to prevent risks and endure weight and
weather.
c. Security
A hospital and other health facilities must protect the security of individuals and property inside
the institution.
d. Spaces
Patients should be able to move freely in spacious spaces, and circulation paths should be open
and free at all times.
e. Lighting
Hospitals and health care facilities must provide appropriate lighting to support patient comfort,
healing, and recovery, as well as allow personnel to execute their tasks properly.
f. Ventilation
sufficient airflow must be given to ensure the comfort of patients, personnel, as well as the
general public.
g. Auditory and Visual Privacy
Hospitals and health facilities must maintain a safe sound level and adequate sight seclusion to
meet acoustical and privacy standards in designated areas for continuous activity.
h. . Fire Protection
Fire detection methods include wall, door, and ceiling smoke detectors, while fire suppression
devices like extinguishers or hoses are strategically displayed and accessible.
i. Signage
Efficient graphic system will be implemented, utilizing visual aids and devices to provide
information, direction, identification, prohibition, warning, and formal notice for efficient
hospital and health institution operations.
j. Zoning
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Outer zone - The areas should be easily accessible to public emergency, outpatient, and
administrative services, as well as near the hospital's main entrance.
Second zone - Areas that get imposed from the outer zone: laboratory. Pharmacy and
radiology. They will be positioned near the outside zone.
Inner zone - locations that offer patient management and nursing care: nursing
assistance. Despite the fact that they will be in private spaces, visitors can still reach
them.
Deep zone - Surgical, delivery, nursery, and intensive care units must be kept apart from
public spaces but still accessible to outer, second, and inner zones. These units must also
have the condition.
Service Zone – Hospital operations are supported by the following departments:

mortuary, cleaning, maintenance, and dietary services. They must be situated in places with little
or no through traffic.
k. Sanitation
To provide a clean and healthy environment, utilities for the maintenance of the sanitary system,
including permitted water supply and sewerage system, must be provided via the buildings and
premises.
l. Segregation
Wards must follow the sex-based segregation policy. One (1) toilet must be kept for
every eight (8) patients or staff members, with separate facilities for male and female
patients and staff.
m. Housekeeping
For patients, staff, and the general public, hospitals and other healthcare facilities must
create and maintain a hygienic and attractive atmosphere.
n. Function
1. The administrative service, particularly admitting office and business office, shall be
located near the main entrance of the hospital. Offices for hospital management can be
located in private areas.
2. • The surgical service shall be located and arranged to prevent non-related traffic. The
operating room shall be as remote as practicable from the entrance to provide asepsis.
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The dressing room shall be located to avoid exposure to dirty areas after changing to
surgical garments. The nurse station shall be located to permit visual observation of
patient movement
3. . • The delivery service shall be located and arranged to prevent non-related traffic. The
delivery room shall be as remote as practicable from the entrance to provide asepsis. The
dressing room shall be located to avoid exposure to dirty areas after changing to surgical
garments. The nurse station shall be located to permit visual observation of patient
movement. The nursery shall be separate but immediately accessible from the delivery
room.
4. • The nursing service shall be segregated from public areas. The nurse station shall be
located to permit visual observation of patients. Nurse stations shall be provided in all
inpatient units of the hospital with a ratio of at least one (1) nurse station for every
thirty-five (35) beds. Rooms and wards shall be of sufficient size to allow for workflow
and patient movement. Toilets shall be immediately accessible from rooms and wards.
5. • The dietary service shall be away from the morgue within at least 25-meter distance.
O. Space
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1.2 Space Programming for the Hospital
Proper hospital space programming is one of the important factors that hospital designers
or planners should prioritize. The hospital facility design should have adequate space for the
patient to stay comfortably, as well as adequate space for the attendants; equipment and other
necessities should be kept in a standard location, and providing adequate space for
documentation and work areas reduces stress levels for clinicians, allowing them to perform
better at work.The following tables consist of further considerations needed to produce a
successful hospital design and plan.
Space Area in Function Zoning Furnitures / Accessible to Guidelines in

Requirements Square Activities Fixtures the following Space
Meters Occupants allocation/Floor
area/Dimensions
Administrative Service
Lobby Resting, Public Sofa, Chairs, All

Waiting Area Computer and Separate for
Tables walk-in and
patients in
ambulance.
Provide wheelchair
and stretcher
parking
Waiting Area 0.65/perso Resting, Public Sofa, Chairs, All

n Waiting Area Computer and 2 companions per
Tables patient
Information and 5.02/staff Assisting Public Tables and All

Reception Area people with Chairs - Separate for
their needs walk-in and
patients in
ambulances.
- Provide
wheelchair and
stretcher parking
- Ensure the
reception area is
easily accessible to
patients, visitors,
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and staff, with
clear pathways and
sufficient space for
wheelchair users
and mobility aids.
- Design the
reception desk
with ample
workspace for
administrative
tasks, such as
patient registration,
appointment
scheduling, and
computer terminals
for electronic
health records.
Toilet 1.67 Personal Use Private Lavatory, Sink, All

Urinals, and Provide
Cubicle Housekeeping /
Janitors’ Closet
Business Office 5.02/staff Bookkeeping, Private Tables, Desk Employees

Cashiering, Counter
Billing and Tables,
Collection Computer
Chairs, Caged
Window
Medical Records 5.02/staff Storage of files Private Storage Employees

Cabinet
Office of the Chief of 5.02/staff Resting, Private Chairs, Desk, Employees

Hospital Working Computer
Cabinet, Sofa
and Table
Laundry and Linen 5.02/staff Cleaning and Private Storage, Employees

Area Sanitizing Cleaning - Ensure the
Linens Machine, locker room has
Sewing enough space to
accommodate all
nursing staff
comfortably, with
sufficient room
for movement and
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access to lockers.
- Install benches
or seating areas
where staff can sit
comfortably while
changing clothes
or putting on
uniforms.
Consider
providing
additional seating
for breaks or
meetings.
Maintenance and 5.02/staff Staff area, Private Storage, Employees - Adequate space
Housekeeping Area Cleaning and Cabinets, Sink, for storage,
Storage of Machine, workflow, and
cleaning tools tables and maneuverability
chairs within the rooms
- Separation of
clean and dirty
areas to prevent
cross-contaminatio
n
- Installation of
hand hygiene
stations near the
entrance and exit
of each room
- Integration of
infection control
measures such as
impermeable
surfaces and
appropriate
ventilation
Parking Area for 9.29 Supplies go in Private Parking Area Employees - Separate for
Transport Vehicle and out walk-in and
patients in
ambulances.
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- Provide
wheelchair and
stretcher parking
Supply Room 5.02/staff Supplies are Private Storage, Employees

being stored cabinet
Waste Holding Room 4.65 Sanitation and Private Storage of Employees - Consider
Collecting of waste, and materials selection,
Waste Sanitation control of runoff
tools and seepage,
necessary storage
capacity, and
proper design of
structural
components such
as sidewalls,
floors, and roofs.
Dietary
Space Requirement Area in Function/Activities Zoning Furniture/Fixtures Accessible to ff.

sqm. occupants
Dietitian Area 5.02/staff Cooking, Storaging, Private Tables, Chairs, Counter, Employees
Dining, Resting Cabinet
Supply Receiving 4.65 Area to receive Private Cabinet, Sanitation Employees

Area supplies tools
Cold and Dry 4.65 Area to store goods Private Machine for cold stage, Employees
Storage Area Cabinets
Food Preparation 4.65 Preparin, Cooking Private Counter, Tables, Employees

Area Cabinets
Cooking and Baking 4.65 Cooking & Baking Private Machines, Stoves, Employees
Area Sinks, and Oven
Serving and Food 4.65 Preparing food to be Private Tables, Counter and Employees
Assembly Area delivered Storage
Washing Area 4.65 Cleaning, Washing Private Sink, Counter and Employees
goods Storage
Garbage Disposal 1.67 Disposing waste Private Garbage and Sanitation Employees
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Area products tools
Dining Area 1.40/person Eating, Resting Private Tables and Chairs All
Toilet 1.67 For personal use Private Lavatory, Sink, Urinals, All
and Cubicle
Cadever Holding 7.43/bed Transport of cadaver Private Metal bed and cold Employees and
Room to morgue from main storage for cadevers Patient’s Members
hospital area
Clinical Service
Emergency Room
Space Requirement Area in sqm. Function/Activities Zoning Furniture/Fixtur Accessible to

es ff. occupants
Waiting Area 0.65/person Area to wait or rest Public Chairs All
Toilet 1.67 For personal use Public Lavatory, Sink, All

Urinals, and
Cubicles
Nurse Station 5.02/staff Working Public Tables, Cabinet Employees

and chairs
Examination and 7.43/bed Examining the Private Lavatory, Sink, Employees,

Treatment Area with patients Storage, Cabinet, Patients
Lavatory/Sink Bed
Observation Area 7.43/bed Observing, Waiting Private Beds Employees,

Patients
Equipment and Supply 4.65 Storage Private Cabinet and Employees,

Storage Area Medical Supplies Patients
Wheeled Stretched Area 1.08/stretcher Storage Private Stretcher Employees,

Patients
Outpatient Department
Waiting Area 0.65/person Waiting, Resting Public Chairs All
Toilet 1.67 Personal Use Public Lavatory, Sink, All

Urinals, and
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Cubicle
Admitting and Records 5.02/staff Admitting Patients Private Storage, Employees,

Area Computer, Patients
Counter Tables
and Chairs
Examination and 7.43/bed Examining Patients Private Bed, Storage Doctors,

Treatment Area with Cabinet, Sink Patients
Lavatory/Sink
Consultation Area 5.02/staff Assessing Patients Private Tables, Chairs, Doctors,

Bed, Storage Patients
Surgical and Obstetrical Service
Major Operating Room 33.45 Place to operate Private Special machines, Doctors, nurse,
patients bed storage and staff,
medical & patients
equipment
Delivery Room 33.45 Place to operate Private Machines, bed Doctors, nurse,
patients storage and staff,
medical & patients
equipment
Sub-sterilizing Area 4.65 Changing and Private Changing rooms Doctors, nurse,
Sanitizing for medical staff, staff,
transfer bay for & patients
patients, material
and Equipment
room for
administrative
staff, storage; Pre
& post-operative
rooms; Sterile
rooms
Sterile Instrument, Supply 4.65 Sanitizing, Storage Private Storage cabinet, Doctors, nurse,
and Storage Area sanitation tools staff,
& patients
Scrub-up Area 4.65 Cleaning up before Private Sink and shower Doctors, nurse,
and after operation staff,
& patients
Clean-up Area 4.65 Cleaning up before Private Sink and shower Doctors, nurse,
and after operation staff,
& patients
Dressing Room 2.32 Changing Private Enclosed room, Doctors, nurse,

mirror and chair staff,
& patients
Toilet 1.67 Personal Use Private Lavatory, Sink, Doctors, nurse,
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Urinals and staff,
cubicle & patients
Nurse Station 5.02/staff Working Private Counter table, Employees

chairs, and
cabinet
Wheeled Stretcher 1.08/stretcher Tools storage Private Stretchers Employees
Janitor’s Closet 3.90 Storing cleaning Private Cabinet and Employees

tools cleaning tools
Nursing Unit
Semi-private room with 7.43/bed Recovering Private Bed, sofa, solo Employees and
toilet couch, sink, toilet patients
and pantry
Patient Room 7.43/bed Recovering Private Bed, solo couch, Employees and
long chair patients
Toilet 1.67 Personal Use Private Lavatory, sink, All

urinals and
cubicle
Isolation Room with toilet 9.29 Recovering Private Counter table, Patients
chairs and
cabinets
Nurse Station 5.02/staff Working Private Counter table, Employees

chairs and
cabinets
Treatment and medication 7.43/bed Treating the patients Private Bed, storage Employees and
area with lavatory/sink cabinet, sink patients
Nursing Service
Space Requirement Area in sqm. Function/Activities Zoning Furniture/Fixture Accessible to ff.

s occupants
Office of the Chief Nurse 5.02/staff Resting, working Private Chairs, desk, Nurse
cabinet, sofa and
table
Ancillary Service
Primary Clinical Labatory
Clinical work area with 10.00 Working Private Medical laboratory Employees
lavatory/sink tools, machines,
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storage, chairs and
tables
Pathologist Area 5.02/staff Working and Resting Private Tables, chairs, Employees
desk, computer,
storage and sofa
Toilet 1.67 Personal Use Private Lavatory, sink, Employees

urinals and cubicle
Radiology
X-ray rooms with control 14.00 Working, examining Private Cubicles, dressing Employees,
booth, dressing area and patients area, bed, x-ray Patients
toilet machine, storage
Dark room 4.65 Working Private Cassette transfer Employees,

cabinet, hand Patients
processing tanks,
x-ray film
Film file and storage area 4.65 Storing of the x-ray Private Storage cabinet Employees
films
Radiologist Area 5.02/staff Storing and Public Storage cabinet, Employees

Purchasing of cold storage,
medicine cashier, counter
desk, tables and
chairs
Pharmacy 15.00 Storing and Public Storage cabinet, All

purchasing of cold storage,
medicine cashier, cashier,
counter desk, tables
and chairs
Notes:
1. 0.65/person – Unit area per person occupying the space at one time.
2. 5.02/staff – Work area per staff that includes space for one (1) desk and one (1) chair, space for
occasional visitors, and space for aisle.
3. 1.40/person – Unit area per person occupying the space at one time.
4. 7.43/bed – Clear floor area per bed that includes space for one (1) bed, space for occasional visitors, and
space for passage of equipment.
5. 1.08/stretcher – Clear floor area per stretcher that includes space for one (1) stretcher.
1.3 Benchmarked Projects
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1. The Gandel Wing, Cabrini Malvern Hospital
Location: Malvern Victoria 3144, Australia

Architect: Bates Smart
Year: 2019
The Gandel Wing Exterior View
The Gandel Wing Interior Views
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This 7-story addition to the Cabrini Malvern Hospital is built with a design approach of
improving the patient wellbeing and experience. The external façade of natural slatted
terracotta provides the patients with clear views of nature outside, maintains privacy from the
nearby residential buildings, brings in soft natural light, and also visually connects the new
wing to the surrounding masonry buildings.
The combination of the material palette of wood and white on the interiors, and ambient
natural and artificial lighting allows for a peaceful environment within the hospital.
The Gandel Wing Floor Plans
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The Gandel Wing Elevations
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Features:
1. The Gandel Wing Hospital building combines state of-the-art treatment, with the
latest in technology providing an exemplar model of healthcare.
2. The design utilizes salutogenic principles with a focus on creating spaces in
partnership with nature and technology, which encourage healing rather than simply
treating disease.
3. The new wing rises seven-story above ground with three levels of basement car
parking and a radiotherapy bunker on level B4, providing an additional 110 beds.
4. The facility provides treatment for cancer, cardiac, emergency, geriatric care,
infectious disease and maternity services.
5. Externally the building is distinguished by a folded terracotta screen façade that
links with the masonry finish of the adjoining buildings, uniting the site and creating a
highly identifiable anchor building. The folding façade creates a gentle quality of light
internally, but also considers the view point of the patient in bed allowing visual
connectivity with the surrounding tree-lined neighborhood.
Reasons for Application in the Proposed Project of Hospital through Elements of

Design and Principles of Composition Elements of Design:
Line- The building consists of horizontal lines in that seamlessly appear to be calm and at rest,
because they are parallel to the surface of the Earth. Indeed, horizontal lines which are evident
from the building facade convey a sense of wide-open space which gives such environment to
patients that will greatly allow them to have a sense of self-healing abode.
Shape- The 16500-meter squared building is in a rectilinear form that is transformed into
welcoming and human centric environment.
Color- The building manifest earth tones which is considered to be more appealing, functional
and tend to be perceived as warm, reassuring, and settling space for the design of the hospital.
Texture- The development comprises of a built environment in which it conveys concrete as
the solid form for the whole building and combination of the material palette of wood and
white hue on the interiors that tends to be refined and elegant, reflecting the subtlety of the
layout.
Space- The space evokes salutogenic approach in which it focuses on factors that support
human health and well-being, rather than on factors that cause disease which are executed
through proper distribution of spaces, lights, palette, as well as the significant amount of
greeneries.
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Principles of Composition:
Balance- The Gandel Wing Hospital used rectilinear approach with the overall design
portraying primarily of straight lines, right angles, and square or rectangular shapes. The
benefit of this sort of approach is that it creates a pervading sense of order and a strong sense
of structure in the landscape allowing the texture and color of the building materials to
become more forefront.
Rhythm- Bespoke joinery conceal panels employs a natural palette of materials which
envelopes the patient in a warm comforting ambience.
Emphasis- The emphasis is evident mainly on the playful execution between the landscape
and the building mass. Additionally, from the provision of ceiling design which are wood-like
looking that create a sense of heling environment of getting in touch with nature.
Movement- The hospital has a more subtly traditional design which contains spaces that
utilizes simple layouts.
Unity- The space itself was built and design to success in composing unity, bringing semantic,
functional, and visual integrity at the same time from the naturality of schemes produced, the
ease in the utilization of space, and emotional warmth it conveys for patients residing inside
the built environment.
2. The New Hospital Tower Rush University Medical Center

Location: Rush University Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL
60612, United States
Architect: Perkins and Will
Year: 2012
New Hospital Tower Rush Exterior Perspectives
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New Hospital Tower Rush Interior Views
New Hospital Tower Rush Medical Center Floor Plans
Designed by Perkins and Will, the hospital consists of a rectangular 6-story base, connected to
an existing treatment facility, which houses diagnostic and treatment facilities topped by a
6-story curvilinear bed tower. The geometry, while unusual, is in response to the site
conditions, and maximizes views and natural light for patients, while also creating an efficient
and effective layout.
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Nurse stations located along the core of the star-shaped tower encourage quick access of the
staff to patients. Facilities like a roof garden with sculptural skylights, and lounge areas for
staff and patients creates a comfortable environment for all visitors.
New Hospital Tower Rush Medical Center Elevation
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New Hospital Tower Rush Medical Center Patient Room Layout
New Hospital Rush Medical Center Section
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Terrarium Section provided in the Lobby
Features:
1. The 800,000-square-foot hospital consists of 386 patient beds along with
diagnostic and treatment facilities, such as surgery, radiology and emergency
departments.
2. The organizational concept consists of a rectangular seven-story base,
containing new diagnostic and treatment facilities, topped by a five- story
curvilinear bed tower. The base connects to existing diagnostic treatment facilities
to create a new continuous interventional platform.
3. The geometry of the tower maximizes views and natural light for patient
rooms while also creating an environment for efficient and safe health care.
4. The massing and architectural expression of the north, south and east of
the New Hospital Tower Rush Medical Center respond to the differing surrounding
conditions which gives a greater significance for the development, considering the
orientation for the enhancement of warmth on the interiors and the overall quality
and character of the built environment of the hospital.
Reasons for Application in the Proposed Project of Multi Modal Terminal through
Elements of Design and Principles of Composition
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Elements of Design:
Line- The building of the New Hospital Tower Rush Medical Center comprises of wide
horizontal fenestrations that is evident in the images provided, due to some reason that the
designers aimed to take advantage of the glare-free comfortable natural lighting that supports
the visual tasks of staff while enhancing the overall well-being of patients.
Shape- The 830,000 square feet building greatly adapts to the users from having the first
seven levels as the diagnostic and treatment facilities which are in a rectilinear shape,
followed by 5 floor bed spaces which are in a new approach of curvilinear. The effectivity of
the rectilinear and curvilinear geometry of the building from executing two building shape
approach into one are greatly perceived through the proper organization and proper zoning of
spaces that will improve the ease of the users particularly for patients.
Color- The building has two distinct colors, white and gold hues along with the playful
consideration of using calm palettes such that green acts for the landscaping and hues of blue
for the interiors.
Texture- The hospital does involve using metal panels as the barrier to heat and acts as the
support for several parts of the interiors, also the concrete as the main element of material
used for the development. Lastly, wood elements which are seen through the ceiling design
that gives such aesthetic look for the interiors.
Space- The space generates such response to the site conditions through the placement of
spaces in different suited orientation, as well as maximization of the views and natural light
for patients, creating an efficient and effective layout.
Balance- In consideration that it is under built environment, the designers have thought of it
carefully on how they are going to execute such spaces that will refine and enhance the
overall wellbeing of the users by providing this so called “terrarium” that are connected
through different levels wherein it gives such sense of being one with nature.
Rhythm- The continuous horizontal façade of fenestrations is greatly disseminated around the
building, along with the layer of white steel as the main barrier to heat gain gave a greater
emphasis of simplicity but distinct in character manifesting the look of hospital design.
Emphasis- The emphasis goes within the skylight, roof garden and terrarium provided in the
building that convey such message that humans and nature are equal forces of the earth that
should be living in harmony, creating a comfortable environment for staff, patients and
visitors.
Movement- A rectangular seven-story base with new diagnostic and treatment facilities is
topped by a five-story curvilinear bed tower in this proposal. To create a new continuous
interventional platform, the base interfaces to existing diagnostic treatment facilities.
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Unity- It is undeniable that the design is not the typical layout where two geometry approach
are executed that still seamlessly produces an effective way of giving such unity for both
approaches for hospital design. Additionally, the unification in terms of the reflection of
nature on the inside and throughout the building, as well as the spaces which are properly
placed according to the needed light are such spectacular factors that support health and
wellbeing.
3. Rigshospitalet Hospital North Wing, Denmark
Location: Blegdamsvej 80, 2100 København, Denmark
Architect: 3XN, LINK arkitektur
Year: 2020
Rigshospitalet Hospital North Wing Exterior Perspective
Rigshospitalet Hospital Outdoor and Interior Views
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Rigshospitalet Hospital Floor Plans
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Rigshospitalet Hospital Façade Details
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Features:
1. The Rigshospitalet North Wing features more than 200 patient rooms,
operating rooms, an intensive care unit, and outpatient clinics. The organizational
concept consists of a rectangular seven-story base, containing new diagnostic and
treatment facilities, topped by a five- story curvilinear bed tower. The base
connects to existing diagnostic treatment facilities to create a new continuous
interventional platform.
2. The guiding principles of the design are patient well-being and healing,
the needs of healthcare professionals, and the future adaptability of the hospital
functions.
3. The new North Wing extension to Rigshospitalet aims to encourage the
recovery of each patient while optimizing the efficiency and functionality of the
hospital staff.
4. The new wing is spread out over seven floors and offers a total of 209
patient rooms (196 are single rooms with private bathrooms), 33 operating rooms,
an intensive care unit, outpatient clinics, diagnostic imaging functions, and
research spaces.
5. Inspired by the lines on a cardiogram graph, the North Wing is shaped
like a zigzag and is intersected by a main ‘artery’ route that runs through the entire
wing.
Elements of Design and Principles of Composition Elements of Design:
Line- The building of the Rigshospitalet Hospital is composed mainly of sunken fenestrations,
creating a flawless horizontality throughout the building. Thus, making it plain but clean
looking.
Shape- The 54,000-meter squared building of Rigshospitalet is shaped like a zigzag and is
intersected by a main ‘artery’ route that runs through the entire wing which then got the
inspiration from the lines of a cardiogram graph.
Color- It is evident that the hospital uses plain colors such that white and a touch of vibrant
color is provided which will provide comfort that would necessarily embellish, highlight,
illuminate and separate spaces according to their uses.
Texture- The light-filled interiors are aided by the glass façade and ceiling, a range of artwork
gives color and brightness to the interiors, the green surroundings provide a relaxing
environment for the patients, and the light stone and glass façade provides a friendly aspect to
the general public.
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Space- The spaces in Rigshospitalet aims the optimization within the hospital where these
following features exceptionally explain its significance; The straight, central walkway allows
staff to navigate easily from one end of the building to the other, while the surrounding zigzag
structure means quiet zones and patient rooms are located away from the central corridor,
avoiding unnecessary disturbances. The zigzag form thus serves numerous purposes: it eases
the flow through the hospital by optimizing the staff’s circulation routes while offering
patients more comfort and dignity to recover away from the busy hospital environment.
Balance- The North Wing has a strong even distribution, conveying openness, transparency,
safety and humanism approach, while at the same time creating a long-lasting, flexible
hospital that can adapt according to future operational needs. Thus, making it as a current
hospital where the needs of the users are readily available. Therefore, it is also designed
around simple principles that provide great flexibility and space for adjustments according to
future needs.
Rhythm- The sunken angular windows are uniquely perceived throughout the building which
has its ability to allow natural light to enter, at the same time considering its diagonal
installation gives such advantage of preventing heat to directly be absorbed on the inside
spaces.
Emphasis- The North Wing is indeed part of the city but one a kind as it relates to its
surroundings while still asserting its own unique architectural expression. The dynamic form
of the North Wing adapts to the surrounding urban space, gradually lowering in scale from
north-west to south-east.
Movement- The hospital is clear and so is easy to navigate from the space features that took
into account; Wards and outpatient clinics are laid out over three floors and are connected by a
continuous axis. Arrival areas are optimized for day patients, while the pre- and postoperative
areas are placed next to the operating areas. Two spiral staircases and four central elevator
towers connect the floors to the central common area. The staircases are located in the open
atria, where daylight flows into the building from the glass ceiling, as well as through large
glass sections in the façade. Common waiting areas are established in connection to the two
staircases on each floor. Additionally, what uniquely defined the Rigshospitalet is that each
floor has its own dedicated color scheme applied to doors, flooring, and selected walls for
easy orientation to the users.
Unity- The daylight-filled space inside the North Wing and the green surroundings helps to
create a peaceful environment for patients and relatives. The result is a hospital building that is
pleasant to visit while providing the patients with optimal conditions for recovery and
well-being.
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1.4 . Architectural and Design standards
• All areas in a hospital and other health

Lighting facilities shall be provided with sufficient
illumination.
• A hospital and other health facilities shall be

Environment located to where it is readily accessible to the
community
• A building designed for other purpose shall

Occupancy not be converted into a hospital and comply
with all local zoning ordinances.
a) Corridors for access by patient and

equipment shall have a minimum width of
2.44 meters.
b) Corridors in areas not commonly used for

bed, stretcher and equipment transport may be
Patient Movement reduced in width to 1.83 meters.
c) A ramp or elevator shall be provided for

ancillary, clinical and nursing areas located on
the upper floor.
d) A ramp shall be provided as access to the

entrance of the hospital not on the same level
of the site.
Ventilation • Adequate ventilation shall be provided to

ensure comfort.
Auditory and Visual Privacy • It shall observe acceptable sound level and
adequate visual seclusion.
• A hospital and other health facilities shall use

Water Supply an approved public water supply system.
• Liquid waste shall be discharged into an

Waste Disposal approved public sewerage system.
• Solid waste shall be collected, treated and
disposed of.
Sanitation • Approved water supply and sewerage
36
system,shall be provided through the buildings
and premises.
• Fire alarms in walls, peepholes in doors or

Fire Protection smoke detectors in ceilings and fire
extinguishers or fire hoses in strategic areas.
Signage • Provide an effective graphic system

composed of a number of individual visual
aids.
Parking • One (1) parking space for every twenty-five

(25) beds.
a) Outer Zone – areas that should be located

near the entrance: emergency service,
outpatient service, and administrative service.
Zoning b) Second Zone – shall be located near the

outer zone areas: laboratory, pharmacy, and
radiology.
c) Inner Zone –shall be located in private areas

but accessible to guests: nursing service.
d) Deep Zone – areas that are conceal to the

public but accessible to the outer, second and
inner zone: surgical service, delivery service,
nursery, and intensive care.
e) Service Zone – shall be located in areas

away from normal traffic: dietary service,
housekeeping service, maintenance and motor
pool service, and mortuary
Function a) The emergency service shall be located on

the ground floor with a separate entrance.
b) The administrative service shall be located

near the main entrance of the hospital. Offices
for hospital management can be located in
private areas.
c) The operating room shall be situated far

from the entrance. The nurse station shall be
located to permit visual observation of patient
movement.
37
d) The nursery shall be separate but
immediately accessible from the delivery
room.
e) The nursing service shall be segregated

from public areas. Nurse stations shall be
provided in all inpatient units of the hospital
with a ratio of at least one (1) nurse station for
every thirtyfive (35) beds.
f) Rooms and wards shall be of sufficient size

and toilets shall be immediately accessible
from rooms and wards.
g) The dietary service shall be away from the

morgue with at least 25-meter distance.
• The height shall be measured from the

highest adjoining sidewalk or ground surface:
Provided, that the height measured from the
lowest adjoining surface shall not exceed such
maximum height by more than 3.00 meters or
Maximum Height of Buildings may extend not to exceed 6.00 meters above
the height limits for each occupancy group if
of combustible materials.
• But the National Building Code (NBC)

defines a high-rise as "all buildings 15 m or
above in height".
• Skylights shall have a glass area not less than

Ventilation Skylights that required for the windows that are
replaced.
(a) Projection and Clearance. The horizontal

clearance between the outermost edge of the
marquee and the curb line shall be not less
than 300 millimeters.
Canopies (Marquees)
(b) Construction. A marquee shall be
constructed of incombustible material or
materials of not less than two-hours fire
resistive construction.
38
1.4.1. As of BP344:
Entrances • Entrances with vestibules (min.) = 1.80 m

depth; 1.50 m width;
• Ramps (min. clear width) = 1.20 m

• Maximum Gradient = 1:12
Ramps • Handrails (height) = 0.70 m and 0.90 m
from the ramp level;
• Curbs (min. height) = 0.10 m
• Doors (general min. width) = 0.80 m

• Minimum Clear Space before Door = 1.50 m
Doors x 1.50 m
• Doorknobs and other hardware = 0.90 m
above floor
• Corridors (min. clear width) = 1.20 m

Corridors • Recesses or turnabout spaces = minimum
1.50 m x 1.50 m; maximum of 12.00 m
• Turnabout spaces should also be provided at
or within 3.50 m of every dead end.
• Accessible Water Closet Stalls (min. area) =

1.70 x 1.80 m
• Turning Space = 2.25 sqm.; Minimum
Dimension = 1.50 m
• The minimum number of accessible water
closets on each floor level or on that part of a
Washrooms & Toilets floor level accessible to the disabled shall be
one (1) where the total number of water
closets per set on that level is 20; and two (2)
where the number of water closets exceed 20;
• Lavatories (max. height) = 0.80 m;
• Knee Recess = 0.60 - 0.70 m;
• Vertical Clearance = 0.50 m depth
• Accessible Elevators from Entrance (max.)

= 30.00 m
• Accessible Elevators (min. dimension) =
Elevators 1.10 m x 1.40 m
• Maximum Length = 6:00 m if the gradient is
1:12
• Longer Ramps with Gradient of 1:12 (min.)
39
= 1.50 m
1.4.2. Design Standard According to R.A. 9515 – The Fire Code of the Philippines
• Number and Types

At least two (2) exits shall be provided
for each floor or fire section of the building:
a. Doors leading directly outside the building

b. Stairs and smoke-proof enclosures
c. Ramps d. Horizontal exits
e. Exit passageways
• Access to Exit
a) Between any room door intended as exit
access and an exit shall not exceed thirty
meters (30 m);
Exit Details b) Between any point in a room and an exit

shall not exceed forty-six meters (46 m);
c) Between any point in a health care sleeping

room or suite and an exit access door of that
room or suite shall not exceed fifteen meters
(15 m);
d) The travel distances in paras 2.a and 2.b

above may be increased by fifteen meters (15
m) in buildings completely equipped with an
automatic fire suppression system.
e) Every health care sleeping room, unless it

has a door opening at ground level, shall have
an exit access door leading directly to a
corridor which leads to an exit.
• Health care occupancies of two (2) or more

storeys shall have enclosure walls of
non-combustible materials having a fire
resistance rating of at least two (2) hours
Minimum Construction Standards around stairways, elevators, chutes, and other
vertical openings between floors.
40
• All interior walls and partitions in buildings
of fire-resistive and non-combustible
construction shall be composed of
non-combustible materials.
Construction of Corridor Walls • Corridors shall be separated from use areas

by partitions having fire-resistance rating of at
least one (1) hour.
• Interior finish of walls and ceilings in means

Interior Finish of egress and of any room shall be Class A,
while floor finish material shall be Class A or
B throughout all hospitals and nursing homes.
1.4.3. Design Standards According to R.A. 1378 – Revised National Plumbing Code
of the Philippines
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1.5. Rooming-in Act
I. Republic Act 7600
An act providing incentives to all government and private health institutions with rooming-in and
breastfeeding practices and for other purposes
Approved: June 2, 1992
● It shall create an environment where basic physical, emotional, and psychological needs
of mothers and infants are fulfilled through the practice of rooming-in and breastfeeding.
● Rooming-In creates an environment that helps improve and establish the physical,
emotional, and psychological bond between infant and mother.
● Breastfeed improves the infant’s immune system during these intimate sessions as it is
nature's first immunization that allows them to fight potential serious infections.
● This session also helps improve and develop the maturation of the organs of the infant.
I. Benefits
Section 2: Declaration of Policy
The State adopts rooming-in as a national policy to encourage, protect and support the practice
of break-feeding. It shall create an environment where basic physical, emotional, and
psychological needs of mothers and infants are fulfilled through practice of rooming-in and
breast-feeding.
Breast-fedding has distinct advantages which benefit the infant and the mother, including the
hospital and the country that adopts its practice. It is the first preventive health measure that can
be given to the child at birth. It also enhances mother-infant relationships. Furthermore, the
practice of breast-feeding could save the country valuable foreign exchange that may otherwise
be used for important milk.
Breastmilk is the best food since it contains essential nutrients completely suitable for the
infant’s needs. It is also nature’s first immunization, enabling the infant to fight potential serious
infection. It contains growth factors that enhance the maturation of an infant’s organ system.
42
Chapter 1: Rooming-In and Breastfeeding of Infants
● Rooming-In and Breastfeeding must be applied to all private and government health
institutes.
● Within the span of 30 minutes all newborns must be roomed-in with a mother after birth,
this applies to infants regardless of age of gestation as well as those with low weight after
birth but have enough strength to suck.
● Those delivered from a C-Section must be roomed in and breastfed within 3 - 4 hours
after birth.
● Birth deliveries that happen outside of medical facilities must be breastfed and roomed-in
immediately.
● Infants that can't be breastfed due to the mother’s condition as determined by the
physician shall be fed by expressed breastmilk or wet-nursed.
Chapter 2: Human Milk Bank

● Health institutions must provide the equipment, facilities and supplies to help store and
collect the breast milks following the standards of the DOH.
Chapter 3: Information, Education and Re-Education Drive

● All workers from Physicians, Nurses, Midwives, Nutritionist-Dietitians, Community
Health Workers and Traditional Birth Attendants and other health personnel must be
educated and uneducated with training programs and information materials to be updated
to the current or improved lactation management.
● Mothers or Pregnant women in the entirety of their stay in the health institution, the
health personnel are obligated to teach and support them as well provide them with
information materials free of charge.
Chapter 4: Miscellaneous Provisions

● Expenses used by private health institutions in complying with R.A. 7600 are deductible
expenses for income taxes up to twice the actual amount incurred.
● Provided that the hospital complies within 6 months to the said Act.
● The Secretary of Health can impose Sanctions to those that Violate the act as well as to
give suspension to operate to repeated violators.
● The promulgation of the Rules must be approved with the consultations of other
government agencies, professionals and non-government organizations.
● All that should be inconsistent with this Act is to be repealed, amended, or modified
accordingly.
● If any clause that is stated in this Act is rendered or declared invalid the remainder of the
clause not affected are to still be in effect
● The Act shall be in Effect after 120 days after publication.
2. COMMAND CENTER
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a. Command Center
Command centers are centralized hubs for monitoring, controlling, and carrying out operations,
which are frequently tailored for specialized uses. They are extremely secure and meticulously
built to provide continuous daily operation in a variety of settings. Command centers are critical
nerve centers within enterprises, necessitating specialized solutions adapted to each industry for
effective administration. They can be found in many countries, particularly among authorities
and corporations that deal with huge numbers of personnel and assets. Instead of serving as an
information center or help desk, command centers give leadership and advice while maintaining
service and order. They monitor the environment and respond to occurrences, ranging from
minor to large emergencies, using specified protocols. (Utimaco n.d.).
2.1 Basic Design Guidelines in the Planning and Design of a Command Center
Environment
Hospitals and health facilities must be conveniently accessible, free of noise, smoke, dust,
unpleasant odors, and flooding, and not located near railroads, freight yards, children's
recreation areas, airports, industrial plants, or disposal facilities.
Safety
Hospitals and health institutions must provide a safe environment for patients, staff, and
the general public, with buildings constructed to prevent risks and endure weight and
weather.
Security
A hospital and other health facilities must protect the security of individuals and property inside
the institution.
Spaces
44
Patients should be able to move freely in spacious spaces, and circulation paths should be open
and free at all times.
Lighting
Hospitals and health care facilities must provide appropriate lighting to support patient comfort,
healing, and recovery, as well as allow personnel to execute their tasks properly.
Ventilation
sufficient airflow must be given to ensure the comfort of patients, personnel, as well as the
general public.
Auditory and Visual Privacy
Hospitals and health facilities must maintain a safe sound level and adequate sight seclusion to
meet acoustical and privacy standards in designated areas for continuous activity.
Fire Protection
Fire detection methods include wall, door, and ceiling smoke detectors, while fire suppression
devices like extinguishers or hoses are strategically displayed and accessible.
Signage
Efficient graphic system will be implemented, utilizing visual aids and devices to provide
information, direction, identification, prohibition, warning, and formal notice for efficient
hospital and health institution operations.
Function
6. The administrative service, particularly admitting office and business office, shall be
located near the main entrance of the hospital. Offices for hospital management can be
located in private areas.
7. • The surgical service shall be located and arranged to prevent non-related traffic. The
operating room shall be as remote as practicable from the entrance to provide asepsis.
The dressing room shall be located to avoid exposure to dirty areas after changing to
surgical garments. The nurse station shall be located to permit visual observation of
patient movement
8. . • The delivery service shall be located and arranged to prevent non-related traffic. The
delivery room shall be as remote as practicable from the entrance to provide asepsis. The
dressing room shall be located to avoid exposure to dirty areas after changing to surgical
garments. The nurse station shall be located to permit visual observation of patient
45
movement. The nursery shall be separate but immediately accessible from the delivery
room.
9. • The nursing service shall be segregated from public areas. The nurse station shall be
located to permit visual observation of patients. Nurse stations shall be provided in all
inpatient units of the hospital with a ratio of at least one (1) nurse station for every
thirty-five (35) beds. Rooms and wards shall be of sufficient size to allow for workflow
and patient movement. Toilets shall be immediately accessible from rooms and wards.
10. • The dietary service shall be away from the morgue within at least 25-meter distance.
Material Specification
Sturdy materials that allow for durability, ease of cleaning, and fire resistance must be used for
the floors, walls, and ceilings.
Sanitation
To provide a clean and healthy environment, utilities for the maintenance of the sanitary system,
including permitted water supply and sewerage system, must be provided via the buildings and
premises.
Maintenance
An efficient program for building maintenance must be in place. Buildings and equipment must
be preserved in good working order. To prevent unforeseen equipment and building breakdowns,
proper maintenance must be given.
Space
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47
48
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2.2 Space Programming for the Command Center
A command center plays a very important and huge role in a hospital, for it is the one that
enables the real-time visibility and management of an entire service operation. Also, this is the
place that brings together multiple disciplines, sectors, or actors in crisis situations, hence the
need to design a command center that follows and provides space requirements needed. The
following table is additional information that the designer needs to consider in the process of
planning.
Space Requirements Function Activities Zoning Furnitures / Fixtures Accessible to the

following
Occupants
Emergency Operation Communications Private Emergency generator, adequate Employees

Center conduit to the public food and supplies, food
& emergency preparation equipment, and
personnel independent supply of potable
water
Crisis Management Holds information Private Combination desks, chairs, Employees

Room needed to overcome monitors, ample telephone, fax
crisis of emergency lines, whiteboards, maps and site
personnel & patients plans
Control Room Monitor and respond Private Combination desks, chairs, Employees
to potential security monitors, and equipment racks
threats in real-time’
safety and security of
the facility and org.
Security Room Security personnel Private Combination desk, chairs control Employees
control and monitor panel, lockable file cabinet and
security systems and storage locker
processes
Broadcast Room Bookkeeping, Private Combination desks, chairs, Employees

Cashiering, Billing monitors, and equipment racks
and Collection
Traffic Management Helps hospitals’ Private Combination desks, chairs, Employees

Room transportation monitors, telephone, fax lines,
systems’ efficiency maps and site plans
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2.3 Benchmarked Projects
1. Chongqing Command Center

Location: Chongqing, China
Architect: Shanghai Dushe Architectural Design
Year: 2020
Chongqing New District Command Center Exterior View
Chongqing New District Views
51
Chongqing New District Site Plan
Chongqing Liangjiang New District Comprehensive Command Center, this office building of
less than 3,000 square meters, a paradise-like mountain environment, three private landscape
courtyards with different personalities, and a seven-level full-view large terrace, each of
which is extremely scarce. All are cleverly integrated in an office space, which is an explosion
of imagination.
Chongqing New District Command Center Floorplans
52
53
Features:
1. The project is located in the innovation zone of Liangjiang New District, which
provides office, catering, display and other functions for the construction of the
command center of the new district, covering an area of about 3,000 square meters.
2. The Command Center is aims to be in such approach of creating with the trend
where the height difference is evident that brings spatial diversity.
3. The prominent element in this command centers is its overhanging eaves which
acts as the main performance element throughout the building, using white-gray
concrete hanging slabs, horizontally using staggered seams, and vertical
tongue-and-groove joints to enhance the volume of the façade.
Line- The building of the Chongqing new district Command Center prominently uses simple
lines such that horizontal and vertical lines are seen that evokes a unique image for the whole
development.
Shape- The 3000-meter squared building of Chongqing Command Center are composed of
rectilinear approach which are stacked together according with their functional groups which
then give a sense of flexibility despite its unique form.
Color- As with the location, where it is placed, the command center mainly adapts the usage
of earth tones such as white and gray hues are prominent in the development, as well as the
utilization of white tone imitation concrete are seen.
54
Texture- The rugged texture of the cultural stone blends in with the mountain, creating a
fascinating contrast with the delicate primary material of white which gives such character to
the building.
Space- The spaces in Chongqing new district are subdivided which provides office, catering,
display and other functions at different levels. These spaces provided are in accordance to
what is deemed necessary for command centers. As well as the provision of green spaces
around the building with overlapping levels gives spaces for staff and other users an
overlooking panoramic view of the new district on three sides, with excellent landscape
resources.
Balance- The execution of the built environment and the location of the site which is seen to
be on a sloping environment, gave the building a more defined balance between built and
nature. Along with the proper usage of palette are executed giving an equivalent notable
image for the command center.
Rhythm- The pure and low-key architectural characteristics of this command center is with it
not showing off the facade too much where the overhanging eaves acts as main performance
element throughout the building that gives such volume to each side of the façade.
Emphasis- Each of the features for the Command center is exceptionally rare, including a
paradise like mountain setting, three private landscape courtyards with distinct personalities,
and a seven level full-view huge terraces. All of this is beautifully blended into an office
setting that is a veritable burst of creativity.
Movement- The command center in Chongqing district does consist of different levels on
each façade in which merely has its own purpose and circulation. Thus, the designer adapts
with the environment at the same time conform with the functional spaces that are needed to
be grouped together for such effectivity with its utilization.
Unity- Due to its differences in height and levels, the design effectively showcases the greater
adaptation of the building with its surrounding and for the most part with its zoning and
circulation on the inside spaces of the building.
2. John’s Prairie Command and Operations Center

Location: 2621 E Johns Prairie Road Shelton, Washington, United States
Architect: TCF Architecture
Year: 2013
55
Prairie Command and Operations Center Exterior View
John’s Prairie Command and Operations Center Interior Views
56
John’s Prairie Command and Operations Center Floorplans
The 142000 ft² building facility comprises of operational procedures and interdepartmental
logistics, including daily work tasks of line crew, technicians, customer service,
administrative, vehicle maintenance, and warehouse personnel.
57
John’s Prairie Command and Operations Center Section
John’s Prairie Command and Operations Center Isometric View
58
Features:
1. Architecturally, the building utilizes the durable and regionally-appropriate
materials of concrete, steel, masonry and heavy timber.
2. The Center has a high-volume, two-story entry mass separating the public and
private zones. Comprised of more industrial materials for various functions, the
private zone is clad in masonry and steel, while the public area is characterized by its
ample use of wood finish. The auditorium provided, framed by heavy timber
reminiscent of the area’s timber industry, offers the use of community gathering space
and safe shelter in the event of an emergency.
3. The interiors are awash in daylight, and the local, renewable and non-toxic
attributes of finishes help create a healthy, productive work environment for all
employees.
Line- The building of the Prairie Command and Operations center mainly composes of
regular horizontal and vertical lines which are intersected in a way such that various elements
are positioned in different approaches.
Shape- The 142,000 square feet building of John Prairie Center is also composed of rectilinear
approach which then are similarly stacked together according with their functional groups
where private spaces and public utilities are subdivided to have an impeccable layout.
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Color- The building on the exterior perceptibly uses a dark hue of gray, bringing it into a
brutalist design approach. Whilst, for the interior, light execution of color is present where
mostly pearl white paint is applied with hint of dark wood ceiling and a touch of dark gray are
shown, that evokes such masculinity to the whole development.
Texture- The leading materials that provided distinctive qualities throughout are mainly
concrete, glass and steel. Furthermore, the wood ceiling that are shown, are waffle in design.
Space- Beyond the walls of the building, thoughtful planning is vastly implemented that
provides visibility and transparency where administrative, crew zones, public zones are
subdivided but still are connected that promote daily interaction to enhance worker morale,
which in turn, leads to increased productivity and employee retention.
Balance- The John Prairie Center used asymmetrical approach in planning, elevation and with
the overall design portraying a more flexibility along with endless opportunities of moving
into spaces in accordance to what group they belong.
Rhythm- The site applied a contrast design wherein it uses different orientation of fenestration
and forms to create an intriguing and interesting command center for the development.
Emphasis- The emphasis is evident on how plain it is perceived on the exterior by obtaining
hues that ranges from light to dark gray color. Thus, giving a touch of wood texture on the
interior boost its string appearance that are express for staff or users to produce such design
that will contribute with their productivity.
Movement- Quality detailing and consistent use of materials throughout the campus provide a
professional, elegant atmosphere for all spaces in different sectors or department that help in
creating a healthy and vigorous work environment.
Unity- The architect was keen to bring the design on the sense of effectivity in working
environment reflecting on the idea of various forces that would bring together the people, the
built environment, and the nature in one.
3. Control Center of Blagnac

Location: ZAC Andromède, Blagnac, France
Architect: NBJ Architects
Year: 2017
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Center of Blagnac Exterior View
Center of Blagnac Views
61
Center of Blagnac Floorplans
The Center of Blagnac was built in the middle of a neighborhood characterized by a highly
industrialized program. The architectural and urban for this development aims to constitute a
real urban piece, able in creating a strong entrance to this area and able to dialogue with its
environment. The idea is to establish a visual identity while answering the main objectives of
the center.
62
Center of Blagnac Roof Plan
63
Center of Blagnac Sections
Features:
1. The building of Blagnac opens a double dialogue with the landscape. Its position
constitutes an envelope with the site, minimizing the incoming nuisances and ensuring
a sound protection.
2. The slope and the perforations of the development aim to obtain technical and
acoustic performances in which is able to offer comfort to the offices provided. This
site has given the opportunity to create a large terrace linked with spaces of relaxation
and restoration and create an accessible and convivial place.
3. The aspect generated by the form and materials used enters in dialogue with the
surrounding landscape, breaking with the usual image of a command center.
Line- The center of Blagnac is obviously in a rectilinear approach, but in an irregular manner
where the skin made out of steel are achieved through nonuniform application.
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Shape- The 6000-meter squared building of Blagnac is an asymmetrical infrastructure where
unbalance distribution greatly adapts within the site it was built. Unevenness of the building
provides advantages where a more unconfined arrangements can be freely performed.
Color- Colors of plain white for naturality and the touch of terra cotta is blatantly applied on
the lower level to break the monotonous façade of the building.
Texture- The most prominent material used for the building is the fiber cement façade panel
natura which does contribute to the overall identity of the building. Not only that the material
is aesthetically pleasing, as well as it consists of advantages like versatility in style, weather
and rot resistant, and have a long-life span.
Space- The building facility seeks to create technical and acoustic qualities that would provide
comfort to the workplace given that it is under command center, and so the need for these
qualities is desired and in demand.
Balance- The Command-and-Control Center of Blagnac matches the hue of terra cotta to the
pale white color in a way that it won’t be inappropriate looking making the infrastructure
instantly captivating.
Rhythm- Repeatedly sunken windows are readily apprehended with the development that
makes the façade not flat and dull looking, provided that the fiber cement panel give such
volume to the entire face of the building.
Emphasis- Greater emphasis is found through irregularity or the distortion of the building
from the installation of such elements which is seen to be an attribute that breaks the usual
image of the buildings.
Movement- Offices, workshop areas, conference rooms are established in such way that
continuous access in every part of the building are seamless and at ease.
Unity- The design and materials employed created a conversation with the surrounding land
in which effectively work together, breaking shift from the conventional image of a command
center.
3. Relevant Building Laws (NBC, BP344, RA9514, RA1378)
● The National Building Code (PD 1096)
Rule VII: Classification and general requirement of all buildings by use of occupancy.
65
Occupancy Division D-2 (Institutional, buildings for health care)
Classification
Zoning Classification General Institutional (GI)
Setbacks Road Right-of-Way Front Side Rear

(RROW)
30.00 & above 8.00 5.00 5.00
25.00 to 29.00 6.00 3.00 3.00
20.00 to 24.00 5.00 3.00 3.00
10.00 to 19.00 5.00 2.00 2.00
Below 10.00 5.00 2.00 2.00
Building Height Type of Building/ Structure
Limit
Hospital 15.00 meters (must complement
the duly approved Building
Height Limit (BHL) in the major
zone it is part of)
Minimum Required Off-Street (Off-RROW) cum On-Site Parking Slot, Parking Area
and Loading/Unloading Space Requirements by Allowed Use or Occupancy
Private Hospital (D-2) One (1) off-street cum onsite car parking slot for every
twelve (12) beds; and one (1) off-RROW (or off street)
passenger loading space that can accommodate two (2)
queed jeepney/shuttle slots; provide at least one (12)
loading slot for
articulated truck or vehicle (a 12.00 meters long container

van plus 6.00 meters length for a long/hooded prime
mover) and one (1) loading slot for a standard truck for
every 5,000.00 sq. meters of GFA; and provide truck
maneuvering area outside of the RROW (within property
or lot lines only)
66
Units located in office, • Unit with a gross floor area of from 41. 00 to
commercial or mixed-use 70. 00 sq. meters –provide one (1) parking slot* for
condominium buildings/
structures regardless of each unit; and
number of storeys. • Unit with a gross floor area of more than
70.00 sq.
meters provide one (1) parking slot* for every 70.00 sq.
meters and for a fraction thereof;
• HIERARCHY OF ROADS
Major Road, Minor Road, Motor Court, Alley
• SIDEWALKS / PLANTING STRIP (ROADS)
SIDEWALKS/PLANTING PLANTING STRIPS SIDEWALKS

STRIPS (ROAD)
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MAJOR ROAD 1.00M 1.00M
MINOR ROAD 1.00M 1.00M
Rule VIII: Light and Ventilation

With Firewall Without Firewall
Percentage Site of Maximum Allowable PSO- Maximum Allowable PSO-
Occupancy 50% 60%
Maximum Allowable Maximum Allowable ISA- Maximum Allowable ISA-
ISA 20% 20%
Minimum USA Minimum USA- 30% Minimum USA- 20%
TOSL d (ISA + USA) TOSL (ISA + USA)- 50% TOSL (ISA + USA)- 40%
Ceiling Height Minimum For building with more than one (1) storey, the minimum
Requirement ceiling height of the first storey shall be 2.70 meters and that
for the second storey 2.40 meters and the succeeding storeys
shall have an unobstructed typical headroom clearance of not
less than 2.10 meters above the finished floor. (Artificial
Ventilation – 2.40m,
Natural Ventilation – 2.70m)
AIR SPACE REQUIREMENTS IN DETERMINING THE SIZE OF ROOMS
▪ Workshop, Factories, and Offices – 12.00 cu. metres of air space per person
68
Hospital and Command Center Design
▪ Habitable Rooms – 14.00 cu. metres of air space per person.
PERCENTAGE OF WINDOW OPENING
▪ Any room without artificial ventilation shall have a window with a total area of opening equal
to at least 10% of the room’s floor area
▪ Windows in restrooms, laundry rooms, or the like shall be provided with an area not less than
1/20 of the room’s floor area
▪ Eaves, canopies, awnings (or media agua) over required windows shall not be less than 750
millimetres from the side and rear property lines.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR AIR CHANGES
Fire Code of the Philippines (RA 9514)
General Provisions
Arrangement of Exits When more than one exit is required from a building or
portion thereof, such exits shall be remotely located from
each other and shall be arranged and constructed to
minimize the possibility that more than one exit has the
potential to be blocked by any fire or other emergency
condition.
69
Location of Exits Main exit sufficient width to accommodate one half (1/2) of
the total occupant load and other exits each level of an
assembly occupancy shall have access to the main exit and
an addition shall be provided with exits of sufficient width to
accommodate two-thirds (2/3) of the total occupant load
served by that level.
Door Opening Door openings in means of egress shall not be less than 0.71
m in clear width. No single door in a doorway shall exceed
1.22 m in width.
Minimum clear width of The minimum clear width of stairway with less than 2000
stairways users is 1120 millimeters, more than 2000 users the
minimum clear width is 1420 millimeters.
Minimum horizontal The minimum horizontal dimension any landing of platform

dimension any landing of should be 0.60 meter.
platform
Minimum headroom The minimum headroom should be 2.00 meters.
Maximum height between The maximum vertical distance between landings should be
landings 3.66 meters.
Maximum rise The maximum rise of stairs should be 0.23 meter.

Minimum tread The maximum tread of stairs should be 0.23 meter.
Health Care Occupancies
Occupancy and • Health care occupancies in buildings housing

Occupant other occupancies shall be completely separated
Load from them by noncombustible construction having
at least two-hour (2hr) fire-resistance rating.
• The occupant load for which means of egress
shall be provided for any floor shall be the
maximum number of
70
persons intended to occupy that floor but not less
than one (1) person for each eleven and one tenth
square meters (11.1 m2) gross floor area in health
care sleeping departments and not less than one (1)
person for every twenty-two and three tenths square
meters (22.3 m2 ) of gross floor area of inpatient
health care treatment departments. Gross floor areas
shall be measured within the exterior building walls
with no deductions.
Exit details Access to Exit
• Travel distance shall comply with the following:

• Between any room door intended as exit access and
an exit shall not exceed thirty meters (30 m);
• Between any point in a room and an exit shall not

exceed forty-six meters (46 m);
• Between any point in a health care sleeping room or

suite and an exit access door of that room or suite
shall not exceed fifteen meters (15 m);
• Travel distance shall be measured in accordance with

Section 10.2.5.2 of this RIRR; and
• The travel distances in paras 2.a and 2.b above may
be increased by fifteen meters (15 m) in buildings
completely equipped with an automatic fire
suppression system.
• Aisles, corridors and ramps required for exit access

of exit in hospitals or nursing homes shall be at least
two and forty-four hundredths’ meters (2.44 m)
• Any rooms and any suite or rooms of more than

ninetythree square meters (93 m2) shall have at least
two (2) exit access doors remote from each other.
71
• Every exit or exit access shall be so arranged that no
corridor or aisle has a pocket or dead-end exceeding
six
meters (6 m) and/or a common path of travel exceeding
ten meters (10 m).
• Rooms which are so subdivided shall not exceed four
hundred sixty-five square meters (465 m2 ).
Doors All exit doors serving these spaces shall be at least one and
twelve hundredths’ meters (1.12 m).
Horizontal Exits • At least two and eight tenths square meters (2.8
m2) per occupant in a hospital or nursing home shall
be provided
• A single door may be used as a horizontal exit if
it serves one (1) direction only and is at least one and
twelve hundredths’ meters (1.12 m) wide for a hospital
or nursing home.
Protection • To divide into at least two (2) compartments
every storey used by inpatients for sleeping or
treatment and any storey having an occupant load of
fifty (50) or more persons.
• To limit on any storey the maximum area of each
smoke compartment to no more than two thousand one
hundred square meters (2,100 m2), of which both
length and width shall be no more than forty-six
meters (46 m).
● The National Building Code (PD 344)
Rule II - Minimum Requirements for Accessibility
2. ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES AND FACILITIES:
Where the following features and facilities are: architectural design requirements in
accordance with generally accepted architectural practice, the same include the corresponding
graphic signs.
72
1. Architectural facilities and features:
A. Stairs
B. Walkways
C. Corridors
D. Doors and Entrances
E. Washrooms and Toilets
F. Lifts/Elevators
G. Ramps
H. Parking Areas
I. Switches, Controls, Buzzers
J. Handrails
K. Thresholds
L. Floor Finishes
M. Drinking Fountains
N. N Public Telephones
O. Seating Accommodations
9. APPLICATION OF BARRIER-FREE FACILITIES AND FEATURES
1. Graphic signs shall be bold and conspicuously installed in every access from point of
entry to connecting destination.
2. Walkways shall be provided with adequate passageways in accordance with the
provision.
3. Width of corridors and circulation system integrating both and vertical access to
ingress/egress level of the building shall be provided.
4. Doors and entrances provided herein used as entry points at entrance lobbies as local
points of congregation shall be designed to open easily or accessible from floor to floor
or to any point of destination.
5. Washrooms and toilets shall be accessible and provided with adequate turning space.
6. Whenever an elevator/s is required it should meet the requirements provided.
7. Ramps shall be provided as means of access to level of change going to entry points and
entrances, lobbies influenced by condition of location or use.
8. Parking areas shall be provided with sufficient space for the disabled persons to allow
easy transfer from carpark to ingress/egress levels.
9. Height above the floor of switches and controls shall be in accordance with the
provisions.
10. Handrails shall be provided at both sides of ramps.
11. Floors provided for every route of the wheelchair shall be made of non skid material.
12. Water fountains shall be installed as required.
Appendix A - Minimum Requirements for Accessibility
73
A. OUTSIDE AND AROUND BUILDINGS
1. DROPPED CURBS
1. Changes in level walkways should be by a dropped curb.

2. Dropped curbs should be provided at pedestrian crossings and at the end
of walkways of a private street or access road.
3. Dropped curbs at crossings have a width corresponding to the width of the
crossing; otherwise, the minimum width is 0.90 m.
4. Dropped curbs are ramped towards adjoining curbs with a gradient not
more than 1:12.
5. Dropped curbs shall be sloped towards the road with a maximum cross
gradient of 1:20 to prevent water from collecting at the walkway.
6. The lowest point of a dropped curb should not exceed 25 mm from the
road or gutter.
Dropped curbs shall be sloped towards the road with a maximum cross gradient
of 1:20 to prevent water from collecting at the walkway.
The lowest point of a dropped curb should not exceed 25 mm from the road or gutter.
74
2. CURB CUT-OUTS
1. Curb cut-outs should only be allowed when it will not obstruct a walkway
or in any way lessen the width of a walkway.
2. The minimum width of a curb cut-out should be 0.90 M.
3. Curb cut-outs should have a gradient not more than 1:12.
75
3. WALKWAYS AND PASSAGEWAYS
1. 1. Walkways should be kept as level as possible and provided with

slip-resistant material.
2. 2. Whenever and wherever possible, walkways should have a gradient no
more than 1:20 or 5%.
3. 3. Walkways should have a maximum cross gradient of 1:100.
4. 4. Walkways should have a minimum width of 1.20 meters.
5. 5. If possible, gratings should never be located along walkways. When
occurring along walkways, grating openings should have a maximum
dimension of 13 mm x 13 mm and shall not project more than 6.5 mm
above the level of the walkway.
6. 6. Walkways should have a continuing surface without abrupt pitches in
angle or interruptions by cracks or breaks creating edges above 6.50 mm.
7. 7. In lengthy or busy walkways, spaces should be provided at some point
along the route so that a wheelchair may pass another or turn around.
These spaces should have a minimum dimension of 1.50 m and should be
spaced at a maximum distance of 12:00 m between stops.
8. 8. To guide the blind, walkways should as much as possible follow
straightforward routes with right angle turns.
76
9. 9. Where planting is provided adjacent to the walkway, regular
maintenance is essential to ensure branches of trees or shrubs do not
overhang walkways or paths, as not only do these present a particular
danger to the blind, but they also reduce the effective footway width
available to pedestrians generally.
10. 10. Walkway headroom should not be less than 2.0 m and preferably
higher.
11. 11. Passageways for the disabled should not be obstructed by street
furniture, bollards, sign posts or columns along the defined route, as they
can be hazardous.
77
4. HANDRAILS
1. 1. Handrails should be installed at both sides of ramps and stairs and at the
outer edges of dropped curbs.
2. Handrails shall be installed at 0.90 m and 0.70 m above steps or ramps.
Handrails for protection at great heights may be installed at 1.0 m to 1.06
m.
3. 3. A 0.30 m long extension of the handrail should be provided at the start
and end of ramps and stairs.
4. 4. Handrails that require full grip should have a dimension of 30 mm to 50
mm.
5. 5. Handrails attached to walls should have a clearance no less than 50 mm
from the wall. Handrails on ledges should have a clearance not less than
40 mm.
78
6. SIGNAGES
1. 1. Directional and informational sign should be located at points

conveniently seen even by a person on a wheelchair and those with visual
impairments;
2. 2. Signs should be kept simple and easy to understand; signages should be
made of contrasting colors and contrasting gray matter to make detection
and reading easy;
3. 3. The international symbol for access should be used to designate routes
and facilities that are accessible;
4. 4. Should a sign protrude into a walkway or route, a minimum headroom
of 2.0 meters should be provided;
5. 5. Signs on walls and doors should be located at a maximum height of
1.60 M. and a minimum height of 1.40 meters. For signage on washroom
doors, see C. Section 8.6.
6. 6. Signages labeling public rooms and places should have raised symbols,
letters or numbers with minimum height of 1 mm; braille symbols should
be included in signs indicating public places and safety routes;
79
The international symbol for access should be used to designate routes and facilities that are accessible;
Signs on walls and doors should be located at a maximum height of 1.60 M. and a
minimum height of 1.40 meters.
80
Signages labeling public rooms and places should have raised symbols, letters or
numbers with minimum height of 1 mm; braille symbols should be included in
signs indicating public places and safety routes;
Text on sign boards shall be of a dimension that people with less than normal
visual acuity can read at a certain distance.
C. INSIDE BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES
1. ENTRANCES
81
1. 1. Entrances should be accessible from arrival and departure points to the
interior lobby;
2. 2. One (1) entrance level should be provided where elevators are
accessible;
3. 3. In case entrances are not on the same level of the site arrival grade,
ramps should be provided as access to the entrance level;
4. 4. Entrances with vestibules shall be provided a level area with at least a
1.80 m. depth and a 1.50 m. width;
2. RAMPS
1. 1. Changes in level require a ramp except when served by a dropped curb,

an elevator or other mechanical device;
2. 2. Ramps shall have a minimum clear width of 1.20 m;
3. The maximum gradient shall be 1:12;
4. 4. The length of a ramp should not exceed 6:00 m. if the gradient is 1:12;
longer ramps whose gradient is 1:12 shall be provided with landings not
less than 1.50 m.;
5. 5. A level area not less than 1.80 m. should be provided at the top and
bottom of any ramp;
6. 6. Handrails will be provided on both sides of the ramp at 0.70 m. and
0.90 m. from the ramp level;
7. 7. Ramps shall be equipped with curbs on both sides with a minimum
height of 0.10 m.;
8. 8. Any ramp with a rise greater than 0.20 m. and leads down towards an
area where vehicular traffic is possible, should have a railing across the
82
full width of its lower end, not less than 1.80 meters from the foot of the
ramp;
Handrails will be provided on both sides of the ramp at 0.70 m. and

0.90 m. from the ramp level;
3. DOORS
1. 1. All doors shall have a minimum clear width of 0.80 m;

2. 2. Clear openings shall be measured between the surface of the fully open
door at the hinge and the door jamb at the stop;
3. 3. Doors should be operable by a pressure or force not more than 4.0 kg;
the closing device pressure an interior door shall not exceed 1 kg.;
4. 4. A minimum clear level space of 1.50 m x 1.50 m shall be provided
before and extending beyond a door; EXCEPTION: where a door shall
open onto but not into a corridor, the required clear, level space on the
corridor side of the door may be a minimum of 1.20 m. corridor width;
5. 5. Protection should be provided from doors that swing into corridors;
6. 6. Outswinging doors should be provided at storage rooms, closets and
accessible restroom stalls;
7. 7. Latching or non-latching hardware should not require wrist action or
fine finger manipulation;
8. 8. Doorknobs and other hardware should be located between 0.82 m. and
1.06 m. above the floor; 0.90 is preferred;
9. 9. Vertical pull handles, centered at 1.06 m. above the floor, are preferred
to horizontal pull bars for swing doors or doors with locking devices;
10. 10. Doors along major circulation routes should be provided with kick
plates made of durable materials at a height of 0.30 m. to 0.40 m;
83
4. THRESHOLDS
1. 1. Thresholds shall be kept to a minimum; whenever necessary, thresholds

and sliding door tracks shall have a maximum height of 25 mm and
preferably ramped;
5. SWITCHES
84
1. 1. Manual switches shall be positioned within 1.20 m to 1.30 m above the
floor; 2. Manual switches should be located no further than 0.20 from the
latch side of the door;
6. SIGNAGES (See "SIGNAGES" under OUTSIDE & AROUND BUILDINGS.)
7. CORRIDORS
1. 1. Corridors shall have minimum clear width of 1.20 m.; waiting areas and
other facilities or spaces shall not obstruct the minimum clearance
requirement;
2. 2. Recesses or turnabout spaces should be provided for wheelchairs to turn
around or to enable another wheelchair to pass; these spaces shall have a
minimum area of 1.50 m x 1.50 m. and shall be spaced at a maximum of
12.00 m.;
3. 3. Turnabout spaces should also be provided at or within 3.50 m. of every
dead end;
4. 4. As in walkways, corridors should be maintained level and provided
with a slip resistant surface;
8. WASHROOMS & TOILETS
85
1. 1. Accessible public washrooms and toilets shall permit easy passage of a
wheelchair and allow the occupant to enter a stall, close the door and
transfer to the water closet from either a frontal or lateral position;
2. 2. Accessible water closet stalls shall have a minimum area of 1.70 x 1.80
mts. One movable grab bar and one fixed to the adjacent wall shall be
installed at the accessible water closet stall for lateral mounting; fixed grab
bars on both sides of the wall shall be installed for stalls for frontal
mounting;
3. 3. A turning space of 2.25 sq.m. with a minimum dimension of 1.50 m. for
wheelchair shall be provided for water closet stalls for lateral mounting;
4. 4. All accessible public toilets shall have accessories such as mirrors,
paper dispensers, towel racks and fittings such as faucets mounted at
heights reachable by a person in a wheelchair;
5. 5. The minimum number of accessible water closets on each floor level or
on that part of a floor level accessible to the disabled shall be one (1)
where the total number of water closets per set on that level is 20; and two
(2) where the number of water closets exceed 20;
6. 6. In order to aid visually impaired persons to readily determine whether a
washroom is for men or for women, the signage for men's washroom door
shall be an equilateral triangle with a vertex pointing upward, and those
for women shall be a circle; the edges of the triangle should be 0.30 m
long as should be the diameter of the circle; these signages should at least
be 7.5 mm thick; the color and gray value of the doors; the words "men"
and "women" or the appropriate stick figures should still appear on the
washroom doors for the convenience of the fully sighted; Note: the totally
blind could touch the edge of the signs and easily determine whether it is
straight or curved;
7. 7. The maximum height of water closets should be 0.45 m.; flush control
should have a maximum height of 1.20 mts. 8. Maximum height of
lavatories should be 0.80 m. with a knee recess of 0.60 - 0.70 M. vertical
clearance and a 0.50 m. depth. 9. Urinals should have an elongated lip or
through type; the maximum height of the lip should be 0.48 m.
86
9. STAIRS
1. 1. Tread surfaces should be a slip-resistant material; nosings may be

provided with slip-resistant strips to further minimize slipping:
2. 2. Slanted nosings are preferred to projecting nosings so as not to pose
difficulty for people using crutches or braces whose feet have a tendency
to get caught in the recessed space or projecting nosings. For the same
reason, open stringers should be avoided.
3. 3. The leading edge of each step on both runner and riser should be
marked with a paint or non-skid material that has a color and gray value
which is in high contrast to the gray value of the rest of the stairs;
markings of this sort would be helpful to the visually impaired as well as
to the fully sighted person;
4. 4. A tactile strip 0.30 m. wide shall be installed before hazardous areas
such as sudden changes in floor levels and at the top and bottom of stairs;
special care must be taken to ensure the proper mounting or adhesion of
tactile strips so as not to cause accidents;
87
10. ELEVATORS
1. 1. Accessible elevators should be located not more than 30.00 m. from the
entrance and should be easy to locate with the aid of signs;
2. 2. Accessible elevators shall have a minimum dimension of 1.10 m. x 1.40
m.;
3. 3. Control panels and emergency system of accessible elevators shall be
within reach of a seated person; centerline heights for the topmost buttons
shall be between 0.90 m to 1.20 m from the floor;
4. 4. Button controls shall be provided with braille signs to indicate floor
level; at each floor, at the door frames of elevator doors, braille-type signs
shall be placed so that blind persons can be able to discern what floor the
elevator car has stopped and from what level they are embarking from; for
installation heights, see Section 6.6, Signages;
5. 5. Button sizes at elevator control panels shall have a minimum diameter
of 20 mm and should have a maximum depression depth of 1 mm;
88
4. References
Harold S. Pamela F. (2024). Hospital. Retrieved from:

https://www.britannica.com/science/hospital
DOH (2016). Planning and Design Guidelines for Hospitals and other Health Facilities.
Retrieved from:
https://caro.doh.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Planning-and-Design-Guidelines-Hospital-2
-21-2023.pdf
Utimaco (n.d.). What is a Command Center? Retrieved from:

https://utimaco.com/service/knowledge-base/emergency-communications-and-public-warnings/
what-command-center
Department of Public Works and Highways Manila Philippines. (2004). National Building Code
of the Phillipines (PD 1096). Retrieved from:
https://www.architectureboard.ph/wpcontent/uploads/2019/09/1.12-PD1096_-2004revIRR_PRB
oA-unofcl-versnw08annotns.pd
Bureu of Fire Protection. (2019). The Fire Code of the Philippines (RA 9514). Retrieved from:
https://bfp.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/RA9514-RIRR-rev-2019.pdf
Department of Public Works and Highways. (2019). Accessibility Law (Batas Pambansa Bilang
344). Retrieved from: https://eileenkristine.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/accessibility-law.pdf
Rethinking future., (n.d). 15 Examples of World’s Most Impressive Hospital Architecture.
(2022). Retrieved from:
https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/designing-for-typologies/a3337-15-examples-of-worlds-m
ost-impressive-hospital-architecture/
Arch daily., (n.d). Technical Center of Blagnac / NBJ architectes Retrieved from:
https://www.archdaily.com/892395/technical-center-of-blagnac-nbj-architectes?ad_source=searc
h&ad_medium=projects_tab
Shuangyu H., (2020). Chongqing Liangjiang New District ∑ INNOVATION SPACE / Shanghai
Dushe Architectural Design Retrieved from:
https://www.archdaily.com/953965/chongqing-liangjiang-new-district-comprehensive-command-
center-shanghai-dushe-architectural-design
89
González MF.,(2013). John’s Prairie Operations Center. Retrieved from:
https://www.archdaily.com/879575/johns-prairie-operations-center-tcf-architecture
Arch daily,. (n.d). New Hospital Tower Rush University Medical Center. Retrieved
from:https://www.archdaily.com/443648/new-hospital-tower-rush-university-medical-center-per
kins-will/5721bc80e58ece5cad000006-new-hospital-tower-rush-university-medical-center-perki
ns-will-overall-section?next_project=no
Pintos P., (2020). Rigshospitalet Hospital North Wing / LINK arkitektur + 3XN. Retrieved
from:https://www.archdaily.com/948484/rigshospitalet-hospital-north-wing-link-arkitektur-plus-
3xn
Pintos P., (2019). The Gandel Wing Hospital / Bates smart Retrieved from:
https://www.archdaily.com/943254/the-gandel-wing-hospital-bates-smart
Department of Health,.(2023). PLANNING AND DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR HOSPITALS
AND OTHER HEALTH FACILITIES. Retrieved from:
https://caro.doh.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Planning-and-Design-Guidelines-Hospital-2
-21-2023.pdf
Lodge Service. (n.d.). What are security control rooms? Everything you need to know. Retrieved
from:
https://lodgeservice.com/what-are-security-control-rooms-everything-you-need-to-know/#:~:text
=A%20security%20control%20room%20sits,monitor%20security%20systems%20and%20proce
sses.
iSEMC. (n.d.). Traffic Management Control Center Rooms. Retrieved from:

https://www.isemc.com/control-room/traffic-management-centers
Msema.org,. (2012). EOC DESIGN, TECHNOLOGY, AND EQUIPMENT. Retrieved from:

https://www.msema.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/04_sm_design_dec2012.pdf
Continuity Central. (n.d.). THE CRISIS TEAM AND CRISIS ROOM: A GUIDE TO
GETTING THE BASICS RIGHT. Retrieved from:
https://www.continuitycentral.com/feature0259.htm#:~:text=Consider%20equipment%20that%2
0will%20be,to%20the%20Internet%20if%20possible
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Consoles, K. (2022, October). What is control room furniture?. Retrieved from:
https://www.kesinoconsoles.com/info/what-is-control-room-furniture-i00041i1.html#:~:text=Bro
adcast%20control%20room%20furniture%20is,do%20their%20jobs%20more%20efficiently.
The Courthouse: A Guide to Planning & Design. (n.d.). Building Security Control Room.
Retrieved from:
https://www.ncsc.org/courthouseplanning/security/building-security#:~:text=The%20security%2
0control%20room%20shall,of%20a%20desk%20and%20chair.&text=Appropriate%20power%2
0and%20cabling%20should,the%20security%20equipment%20and%20monitors.
InfoScipedia. (n.d.). What if Emergency Control Centre (ECC). Retrieved from:

https://www.igi-global.com/dictionary/emergency-control-centre-ecc/86070#:~:text=A%20functi
on%20activated%20during%20an,emergency%20personnel%20in%20the%20field.
Kavya, K. (2015, November). Importance of Hospital Infrastructure Designing. Retrieved from:

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/importance-hospital-infrastructure-designing-frontenders#:~:text
=The%20hospital%20facility%20design%20should,levels%20for%20the%20clinicians%20whic
h
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HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY

School of Engineering and Architecture

Hospital and Command Center

AMORES, AILA MAE

design, and planning. techniques, respect of applicable regulations, consideration of

1.1 Background of Hospital -Basic Design Guidelines in the Planning and

Design of Hospital as per DOH ……………………………………………………….. 4

1.2 Space Programming for the Hospital - Abstract……………………………..…… 11

1.3 Benchmarked Projects............................................................................................. 18

1.4 . Architectural design standards…………………………………………………… 36

1.5. Rooming-in Act…………………………………………………………………… 41

I. Republic Act 7600

2.1 Background of Command Center -Basic Design Guidelines in the

Planning and Design of Hospital as per DOH…………………………………………. 43

2.2 Space Programming for the Command Center- Abstract………………………….. 49

2.3 Benchmarked Projects………………………………………………………...…… 50

3. RELEVANT BUILDING LAWS (NBC, BP344, RA9514, RA 1378).................... 66

g. Auditory and Visual Privacy

Service Zone – Hospital operations are supported by the following departments:

Space Area in Function Zoning Furnitures / Accessible to Guidelines in

Lobby Resting, Public Sofa, Chairs, All

Waiting Area 0.65/perso Resting, Public Sofa, Chairs, All

Information and 5.02/staff Assisting Public Tables and All

Toilet 1.67 Personal Use Private Lavatory, Sink, All

Business Office 5.02/staff Bookkeeping, Private Tables, Desk Employees

Medical Records 5.02/staff Storage of files Private Storage Employees

Office of the Chief of 5.02/staff Resting, Private Chairs, Desk, Employees

Laundry and Linen 5.02/staff Cleaning and Private Storage, Employees

Supply Room 5.02/staff Supplies are Private Storage, Employees

Space Requirement Area in Function/Activities Zoning Furniture/Fixtures Accessible to ff.

Supply Receiving 4.65 Area to receive Private Cabinet, Sanitation Employees

Food Preparation 4.65 Preparin, Cooking Private Counter, Tables, Employees

Space Requirement Area in sqm. Function/Activities Zoning Furniture/Fixtur Accessible to

Waiting Area 0.65/person Area to wait or rest Public Chairs All

Toilet 1.67 For personal use Public Lavatory, Sink, All

Nurse Station 5.02/staff Working Public Tables, Cabinet Employees

Examination and 7.43/bed Examining the Private Lavatory, Sink, Employees,

Observation Area 7.43/bed Observing, Waiting Private Beds Employees,

Equipment and Supply 4.65 Storage Private Cabinet and Employees,

Wheeled Stretched Area 1.08/stretcher Storage Private Stretcher Employees,

Waiting Area 0.65/person Waiting, Resting Public Chairs All

Toilet 1.67 Personal Use Public Lavatory, Sink, All

Admitting and Records 5.02/staff Admitting Patients Private Storage, Employees,

Examination and 7.43/bed Examining Patients Private Bed, Storage Doctors,

Consultation Area 5.02/staff Assessing Patients Private Tables, Chairs, Doctors,

Surgical and Obstetrical Service

Dressing Room 2.32 Changing Private Enclosed room, Doctors, nurse,

Toilet 1.67 Personal Use Private Lavatory, Sink, Doctors, nurse,

Nurse Station 5.02/staff Working Private Counter table, Employees

Wheeled Stretcher 1.08/stretcher Tools storage Private Stretchers Employees

Janitor’s Closet 3.90 Storing cleaning Private Cabinet and Employees

Toilet 1.67 Personal Use Private Lavatory, sink, All

Nurse Station 5.02/staff Working Private Counter table, Employees

Space Requirement Area in sqm. Function/Activities Zoning Furniture/Fixture Accessible to ff.

Primary Clinical Labatory

Toilet 1.67 Personal Use Private Lavatory, sink, Employees

Dark room 4.65 Working Private Cassette transfer Employees,

Radiologist Area 5.02/staff Storing and Public Storage cabinet, Employees

Pharmacy 15.00 Storing and Public Storage cabinet, All

1.3 Benchmarked Projects

Location: Malvern Victoria 3144, Australia

The Gandel Wing Exterior View