Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAVITE PROVINCE
ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
ALFONSO, CAVITE

RotKaLemEx Terminator: Rotten Kamias (Averrhoa

bilimbi) and Lemon (Citrus limon)
Extract as Ticks and Mites Terminator

EARL ZARDEM T. CHAVEZ

SHANTELY N. BORJA
RAEM M. ROSANES
Proponents

MARY ROSE L. ROSANES

Research Adviser

SY 2023-2024

ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

Address: Montenegro St., Brgy. 5, Alfonso, Cavite, 4123
Telephone No.: (046)419-4697 / (046)423-3044
E-mail: depedcavite.alfonsonhs@gmail.com
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAVITE PROVINCE
ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
ALFONSO, CAVITE

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study

Our pets play a special role in our daily lives, pets maybe our stress reliever, our source of

energy and happiness, and may even be our source of stress especially when they have this ticks

and mites in them.

Ticks and mites is a common problem for the fur parents out there since they bring a

massive threat to the pet's health and even for the owner's health.

Having these parasites with us possess so much hazards to our health. Ticks (order Ixodida)

and mites (Mesostigmata, Trombidiformes, Sarcoptiformes, and several other orders) are included

in the subclass Acari. Ticks can infect their host with multiple pathogens and directly harm them,

such as by depleting blood, causing skin lesions, or paralyzing them. Mites can harm a host's

respiratory system and cause skin lesions (mange-causing mites, for example). Certain free-living

mites and the cuticles they shed can attract human allergies and result in allergic reactions. Tick

infestations on household animals and, eventually, in the environment need to be systematically

controlled.

ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

Address: Montenegro St., Brgy. 5, Alfonso, Cavite, 4123
Telephone No.: (046)419-4697 / (046)423-3044
E-mail: depedcavite.alfonsonhs@gmail.com
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAVITE PROVINCE
ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
ALFONSO, CAVITE

Reducing humidity and cleaning bedding, carpets, and homes are effective ways to keep

dust mites at bay.

This study we so called RotKaLemEx Terminator that also serves as a pesticide plans to

deal with these parasites to lessen the hazards they possess, if not totally remove it using the safest

way possible for our pets.

In terms of getting rid of these parasites, pesticides are highly effective. However, because

most pesticides are chemical-based, we can't completely prevent side effects like vomiting and

taste loss from happening when our cats inadvertently inhale pesticides.

Lemon, scientifically named as Citrus limon as well as Kamias or Averrhoa bilimbi

contains high acidity levels. These fruits with naturally high acidity levels are proven to repel or

even kill parasites with their natural acidic properties.

B. Review of Related Literature

Tick also known as (suborder Ixodida), any of about 825 species of invertebrates in the

order Parasitiformes (subclass Acari). Ticks are important parasites of large wild and domestic

animals and are also significant as carriers of serious diseases. Although no species is primarily a

human parasite, some occasionally attack humans. (Britannica, 2024)

ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
Address: Montenegro St., Brgy. 5, Alfonso, Cavite, 4123
Telephone No.: (046)419-4697 / (046)423-3044
E-mail: depedcavite.alfonsonhs@gmail.com
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAVITE PROVINCE
ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
ALFONSO, CAVITE
Ticks are related to spiders, so they have eight legs. They have flat, oval bodies that swell

when they eat. And they feed on the blood of all kinds of animals, from birds to deer to humans.

(Gardner, 2023)

Hard ticks, such as the American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis), attach to their hosts and

feed continuously on blood for several days during each life stage.Most hard ticks live in fields and

woods, but a few, such as the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus), are household pests. Soft

ticks differ from hard ticks by feeding intermittently, laying several batches of eggs, passing

through several nymphal stages, and carrying on their developmental cycles in the home or nest of

the host rather than in fields.Hard ticks damage the host by drawing large amounts of blood, by

secreting neurotoxins (nerve poisons) that sometimes produce paralysis or death, and by

transmitting diseases, including Lyme disease, Texas cattle fever, anaplasmosis, Rocky Mountain

spotted fever, Colorado tick fever, Q fever, tularemia, hemorrhagic fever, Powassan virus disease,

and a form of encephalitis. Soft ticks also are carriers of diseases. (Britannica, 2024)

Mite

Any of numerous species of tiny arthropods, members of the mite and tick subclass Acari (class

Arachnida), that live in a wide range of habitats, including brackish water, fresh water, hot springs,

soil, plants, and (as parasites) animals, including humans. Parasitic forms may live in the nasal

passages, lungs, stomach, or deeper body tissues of animals. Some mites are carriers of human and
ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
Address: Montenegro St., Brgy. 5, Alfonso, Cavite, 4123
Telephone No.: (046)419-4697 / (046)423-3044
E-mail: depedcavite.alfonsonhs@gmail.com
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAVITE PROVINCE
ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
ALFONSO, CAVITE
animal diseases. Plant-feeding mites cause damage by feeding on leaf tissues or by transmitting

viral diseases. Scientists estimate that at least 45,000, and possibly as many as 48,200, different

species of mites have been described.Mites of the order Mesostigmata (superorder Parasitiformes)

include the chicken mite, the northern fowl mite, and the rat mite, all of which attack humans. In

addition, there are nasal mites of dogs and birds, lung mites of monkeys, and predatory mites,

which are sometimes of benefit in controlling plant-feeding mites.Acarine disease is caused by the

mite Acarapis woodi that gets into the tracheae of the bee through its breathing holes or spiracles in

its thorax or midsection. Bees affected by this mite are unable to fly, have disjointed wings and

distended abdomens. There is presently no good control for this mite. The only U.S. federal law

pertaining to bees was passed to prevent the importation of adult bees carrying this mite into the

United States. Two other mites, Varroa destructor and Tropilaelaps clareae, which are native to

Asia, are serious problems for beekeepers. V. destructor is now commonly found in Europe and

North America, where it is capable of devastating entire colonies of honeybees. (Britannica, 2024)

ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

Address: Montenegro St., Brgy. 5, Alfonso, Cavite, 4123
Telephone No.: (046)419-4697 / (046)423-3044
E-mail: depedcavite.alfonsonhs@gmail.com
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAVITE PROVINCE
ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
ALFONSO, CAVITE
Lemon

Lemon, (Citrus ×limon), small tree or spreading bush of the rue family (Rutaceae) and its

edible fruit. Lemon juice is a characteristic ingredient in many pastries and desserts, such as tarts

and the traditional American lemon meringue pie. The distinctive astringent flavour of the fruit,

either fresh or preserved, is also used to enhance many poultry, fish, and vegetable dishes

worldwide. Lemonade, made with lemon, sugar, and water, is a popular warm-weather beverage,

and the juice itself is commonly added to tea. Citric acid may amount to 5 percent or more by

weight of the lemon’s juice, which is also rich in vitamin C and contains smaller amounts of the B

vitamins, particularly thiamin, riboflavin, and niacin. (Britannica, 2024)

Kamias

Averrhoa bilimbi is principally cultivated for medicinal purposes in many tropical and

subtropical countries of the world. Literature survey about this plant shows that A. bilimbi is

mainly used as a folk medicine in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and as an

antimicrobial agent. (Alhassan, A. & Ahmed, Q., 2016)

ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

Address: Montenegro St., Brgy. 5, Alfonso, Cavite, 4123
Telephone No.: (046)419-4697 / (046)423-3044
E-mail: depedcavite.alfonsonhs@gmail.com
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAVITE PROVINCE
ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
ALFONSO, CAVITE
C. Statement of the Problem

The study RotKaLemEx Terminator: Rotten Kamias and Lemon Extract as Ticks and Mites

Terminator was conducted to give answers and clarifications to the following questions.

1. Which of the test formulas (20mL) will have the highest termination rate?

a) T1 (5ml RotKa, 15ml RotLem) will have the highest termination rate among the three trials.

b) T2 (10ml RotKa, 10ml RotLem) will have the highest termination rate among the three

trials.

c) T3 (15ml RotKa, 5ml RotLem) will have the highest termination rate among the three trials.

2. Is there a significant difference in using fresh fruits of Kamias and Lemon than using rotten

fruits of Kamias and Lemon?

3. Is there a relationship in using fresh fruits of Kamias and Lemon than using rotten fruits of

Kamias and Lemon in killing ticks and mites?

ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

Address: Montenegro St., Brgy. 5, Alfonso, Cavite, 4123
Telephone No.: (046)419-4697 / (046)423-3044
E-mail: depedcavite.alfonsonhs@gmail.com
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAVITE PROVINCE
ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
ALFONSO, CAVITE

D. Hypothesis

A. NULL (H0): Any of the three RotKaLemEx Trials cannot terminate neither ticks nor mites.

ALTERNATIVE (H1):

T1 will have the highest termination rate among the three trials.

T2 will have the highest termination rate among the three trials.

T3 will have the highest termination rate among the three trials.

B. NULL (H0): There will be no significant difference in using fresh fruits of Kamias and Lemon

than using rotten fruits of Kamias and Lemon.

ALTERNATIVE (H1): There will be a significant difference in using fresh fruits of Kamias and

Lemon than using rotten fruits of Kamias and Lemon.

C. NULL (H0): There is no relationship in using fresh fruits of Kamias and Lemon than using

rotten fruits of Kamias and Lemon in killing ticks and mites.

ALTERNATIVE (H1): There is a relationship in using fresh fruits of Kamias and Lemon than

using rotten fruits of Kamias and Lemon in killing ticks and mites.

ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

Address: Montenegro St., Brgy. 5, Alfonso, Cavite, 4123
Telephone No.: (046)419-4697 / (046)423-3044
E-mail: depedcavite.alfonsonhs@gmail.com
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAVITE PROVINCE
ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
ALFONSO, CAVITE

E. Scope and Limitation

This research is conducted at the researchers’ respective houses during the school year

2023-2024. This study aims to prove that RotKaLemEx can terminate ticks and mites compared to

the fresh fruit of KaLemEx. The researchers are going to attempt to terminate fifteen ticks and

mites to prove the effectiveness of RotKaLemEx in this study. The researchers are also going to try

a similar number of ticks and mites using fresh fruits of KaLemEx to see if there is a significant

difference between the two.

F. Significance of the Study

Natural Solution

1. The significance of using the rotten kamias and lemon extracts as an alternative for ticks and

mites control lies in the use of natural solution. The research seeks to evaluate the effect of the

extracts from kamias and lemon that have already become rotten in controlling ticks and mites,

instead of using the chemicals that often serve as an effective instrument to kill ticks and mites.

ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

Address: Montenegro St., Brgy. 5, Alfonso, Cavite, 4123
Telephone No.: (046)419-4697 / (046)423-3044
E-mail: depedcavite.alfonsonhs@gmail.com
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAVITE PROVINCE
ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
ALFONSO, CAVITE
Cost Effective Approach

2. The significance of using rotten kamias and lemon extracts as a tool for ticks and mites control

lies mainly on a cost-effective approach. Rotten kamias and lemon extracts are abundant in citrus

fruits. Thus, in our research, we preferred to use these two fruit extracts to further investigate if

these two fruits that become rotten can still be effective in controlling ticks and mites. Our study is

mainly considered as more cost-effective instead of buying and using commercial chemicals, which

is harmful to the health and the environment.

Health and Safety Concerns

3. The use of rotten kamias and lemon extracts are also considered to be the best technique to

control these ticks and mites under a natural method. Any adverse effect resulting from the use of

chemical-based pesticides and insecticide can be investigated using the bio-pesticides such as the

kamias and lemon extract.

Community impact

4. A wide variety of ticks and mites can be found in an undisturbed flora or fauna. The importance

of using the rotten kamias and lemon extracts as a method for ticks and mites control is justified

with this research. The most concerning problem on ticks and mites was been addressed with the

use of these two fruit extracts.

ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

Address: Montenegro St., Brgy. 5, Alfonso, Cavite, 4123
Telephone No.: (046)419-4697 / (046)423-3044
E-mail: depedcavite.alfonsonhs@gmail.com
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAVITE PROVINCE
ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
ALFONSO, CAVITE

G. Definition of Terms

For a better understanding, these are the following terms that might be unfamilliar:

Kamias

The belimbing (Averrhoa bilimbi), which belongs to the Oxalidaceae family, is a tropical fruit

native to Malaysia and Indonesia. The fruit is important locally for its medicinal uses and as an

ingredient in Malay cooking. The belimbing, also known as camias (or kamias), is native to

Malaysia and Indonesia.

Lemon

Citrus limon, fam. Rutaceae, a tree, probably native to S.E. Asia, that is widely cultivated in

mediterranean countries and the Southern USA. It is yellow oval fruit, having a thick rind and

terminal nipple, the acid juice of which is used as a drink and flavouring while the rind is a source

of pectin and an essential oil the color of the ripe fruit.

ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

Address: Montenegro St., Brgy. 5, Alfonso, Cavite, 4123
Telephone No.: (046)419-4697 / (046)423-3044
E-mail: depedcavite.alfonsonhs@gmail.com
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IV-A CALABARZON
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAVITE PROVINCE
ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL
ALFONSO, CAVITE
Mite

Any of several widely distributed, minute, sometimes microscopic arachnids of order a Acarina,

closely related to and resembling ticks, though much smaller. They occur as parasites of

vertebrates, insects and plants, causing various diseases, and are found as pests in stored food.

Rot

any of several plant diseases, caused by any of hundreds of species of soil-borne bacteria, fungi,

and funguslike organisms (Oomycota). Rot diseases are characterized by plant decomposition and

putrefaction. The decay may be hard, dry, spongy, watery, mushy, or slimy and may affect any

plant part.

Tick

Any of various arachnids of the super family Ixododae, related to mites but larger than these. An

adult tick has an oval nonsegmented body with a movable head through which it draws blood from

man and other animals after burrowing under infectious diseases.

ALFONSO INTEGRATED HIGH SCHOOL

Address: Montenegro St., Brgy. 5, Alfonso, Cavite, 4123
Telephone No.: (046)419-4697 / (046)423-3044
E-mail: depedcavite.alfonsonhs@gmail.com