Fundamental Roles and Functions of

Schools
Serrano, Erlinda D. and Cajigal, Ronan M. (2020). The Teacher and the
Community, School Culture, and Organizational Leadership
Roles of Schools
Socialization

Preservation and Promotion

of Culture
Transmission of Cultural
Values
Social Agreeableness

Civic Training

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

Roles of Schools
Socialization

Preservation and Promotion

of Culture
Transmission of Cultural
Values
Social Agreeableness

Civic Training

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

Roles of Schools
Socialization

Preservation and Promotion

of Culture
Transmission of Cultural
Values
Social Agreeableness

Civic Training

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

Roles of Schools
Socialization

Preservation and Promotion

of Culture
Transmission of Cultural
Values
Social Agreeableness

Civic Training

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

Roles of Schools
Socialization

Preservation and Promotion

of Culture
Transmission of Cultural
Values
Social Agreeableness

Civic Training

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

Roles of Schools
Promotion of Democratic
Values
Development of abilities

Fulfillment of National Aims

Character Building

Propagation of Civilization and

Culture

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

Roles of Schools
Promotion of Democratic
Values
Development of abilities

Fulfillment of National Aims

Character Building

Propagation of Civilization and

Culture

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

Roles of Schools
Promotion of Democratic
Values
Development of abilities

Fulfillment of National Aims

Character Building

Propagation of Civilization and

Culture

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

Roles of Schools
Promotion of Democratic
Values
Development of abilities

Fulfillment of National Aims

Character Building

Propagation of Civilization and

Culture

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

Roles of Schools
Promotion of Democratic
Values
Development of abilities

Fulfillment of National Aims

Character Building

Propagation of Civilization
and Culture

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

Social Roles of
Education
• Development of Personality
• Social Control
• Social Integration
• Determination of Status
• Provides Route for Social
Mobility
• Social Development
Social Roles of
Education
• Development of Personality
• Social Control
• Social Integration
• Determination of Status
• Provides Route for Social
Mobility
• Social Development
Social Roles of
Education
• Development of Personality
• Social Control
• Social Integration
• Determination of Status
• Provides Route for Social
Mobility
• Social Development
Social Roles of
Education
• Development of Personality
• Social Control
• Social Integration
• Determination of Status
• Provides Route for Social
Mobility
• Social Development
Social Roles of
Education
• Development of Personality
• Social Control
• Social Integration
• Determination of Status
• Provides Route for Social
Mobility
• Social Development
Social Roles of
Education
• Development of Personality
• Social Control
• Social Integration
• Determination of Status
• Provides Route for Social
Mobility
• Social Development
Multiple School
Functions
Technical/Economic Functions

Human/ Social Functions

Political Functions

Cultural Functions

Education Functions

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 • Help students acquire knowledge and skills necessary for the
world of work
• Schools as service organizations
Technical/Economic • Supplies quality labor forces to the economic system and
Function of Schools contributes to the development and stability of the
manpower structure of the economy
• Shape economic behaviors of students as future customers
and citizens

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Human/
Social Functions
• Refers to the contribution of schools to human
development.
• Schools help students to develop their full
potential psychologically, socially, and
physically
• Schools provides quality social climate and
human relationships.
• Schools serve the social needs or functions of
the local community, support social
integration, facilitates social mobility, reinforce
social equality, select and allocate people to
appropriate roles and positions, and contribute
to social change and development.
• Schools prepare students for international
harmony, social cooperation, global
relationship and eliminate gender and racial
biases

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Political Functions
• Refer to the contribution of schools to
the political developments at different
levels of society
• Schools help students to develop
positive civic attitudes and skills and
exercise the rights and responsibilities
of citizenship
• Schools act as a place for systematically
socializing students into a set of
political norms, values and beliefs, or
for critically discussing and reflecting
on the existing political events

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Political Functions
• Schools help legitimize the existing
government, maintain stability of
political structure, promote awareness
and movement of democracy, and
facilitate the planned political
development and changes.
• Reinforces international
understanding, global common
interest, international coalition, peace
movements against war, and
elimination of conflicts between
regions and nations.

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Cultural Functions
• Refer to the contribution of schools to the cultural
transmission and development at different levels
of society
• Schools help develop students’ creativity,
aesthetic awareness and to be socialized with the
successful norms, values, and beliefs of society
• Schools act as a place for cultural transmission,
reproduction of the next generation, cultural
integration, and cultural revitalization

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 • Schools serve to carry the explicit norms and expectations of
the local community, transmit the important values and
artifacts of the society, integrate diverse subcultures, and
Cultural revitalize the strengths of the existing culture
• Schools encourage appreciation of cultural diversity and
Functions acceptance of different norms, traditions, values, and beliefs
in different countries and regions, then contribute to the
development of global culture through integration of different
cultures

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Education Functions
• Refer to the contribution of schools to the
development and maintenance of
education at different levels of society
• Schools help students learn how to learn,
how to teach, facilitating teachers’
professional development is one of the key
education functions at this level
• Schools serve as a place for systematic
learning, teaching, disseminating
knowledge, and serves as a center for
systematically experimenting and
implementing educational changes and
developments

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Education Functions
• Schools provide service for different
educational needs of the local
community, facilitate developments of
education professions, education
structures, disseminate knowledge and
information to the next generation, and
contribute to the formation of a learning
society
• Schools can make an important
contribution to education for the whole
world.

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Major Functions of School in the
Modern Society (David Goslin, 1965)
• The Transmission of Culture
• Supporting the discovery of new
knowledge
• Allocating individuals to positions in
society by:
1. Providing a context in which an
individual can demonstrate
his/her abilities
2. Channeling individuals into paths
towards classes of occupations
3. Providing the skills needed to
fulfill the requirements of various
positions
4. Transferring to the individual the
prestige of the school itself
Secondary Functions of School in
the Modern Society (David Goslin, 1965)

1. Providing parents with relief

from the task of taking care of
their children during a
significant part of the day
2. The part played in the courtship
process and its consequent
influence on mate selection
3. To maintain the cultural identity
and therefore the stability of
subgroups within the society
4. To effect social reform.

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