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General :
Basic Principal of Survival at Sea

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 Collision
 Foundering / Sinking
 Fire or Explosions
 Stranding
 Shifting of cargo
 Manoverboard

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 Collision – damaged survival crafts &

launching arrangements (davits)
 Severe list / trim – render the launching of
lifeboats impossible
 Time is crucial especially when vessel is
sinking
 Limited resources to fight fire and at the
same time need to prepare for launching of
survival crafts.
 In case of fire, it is prudent to launch the
survival crafts immediately to standby
position while fire fighting continues.

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 Launching and operation of rescue boats are

carried out in the following emergency
situations:
 Abandon ship, including marshalling of
survival crafts
 Man Overboard
 Towing & rescue of survival craft from a
ship wreck

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What shall you be familiarised when you join a ship?

1. Operation and use of the ship’s inflatable liferafts
2. Problems of hypothermia, first-aid treatment for
hypothermia and other appropriate first-aid procedures;
3. Special instructions necessary for use of the ship’s life-
saving appliances in severe weather and severe sea
conditions; and
4. Operation and use of fire-extinguishing appliances.
5. Muster list and alarms
6. Emergency escape route.
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 Important!
 Initial on board familiarization
 Regular training and drills
 Preparedness for any emergency
 Knowledge of actions to be taken
- when called to survival craft stations
- when required to abandon ship
- when aboard a survival craft
 Knowledge of the main dangers to
survivors and how to minimise these

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 Consist of:
 7 or more short blasts followed by a
prolonged blast on the ship’s whistle or siren.
 In addition, may be supplemented by a
continuous ringing of electric bell or other
equivalent warning system.
 Broadcast of emergency messages may also be
made on P.A system

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 Upon hearing the alarm onboard what should

or would do?

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 Upon hearing the emergency signal:

 Put on warm clothing
 Adequate foot wear
 Life jacket
 Proceed to the assigned station

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Officer-in-charge shall:
 Carry out roll call to do a head count and
report to the bridge
 Check the crew and passengers are suitably
dressed
 Check that the lifejackets are correctly
donned

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 Crew should prepare for launching survival

craft and deploying marine evacuation system
(MES).
 Boats should only be lowered to embarkation
deck level on Master’s instructions. Likewise
for MES.
 Persons assigned should take the VHF Radio,
EPIRBs, SARTs and other items to the muster
stations.

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 Other emergency signals onboard a ship / oil

rig includes:
 Fire alarm
 Smoke detector alarm
 everyone to put on warm clothes, adequate
footwear and lifejackets and immersion suits if
provided, before proceeding to their emergency
stations.

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 Is there an alarm signal for abandon ship?

 Who is authorised to give the signal to
abandon ship?

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 Master is the main person who is authorised

to give the signal to abandon ship.

 Such signal shall be given in a verbal order.

“ABANDON SHIP!”

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1. Emergency signal and emergency ship

procedures.
2. Duties assigned to crew members to ensure
safety of the passengers.
3. States the person in charge of survival craft,
rescue boat & marine evacuation slide including
list of crew under his charge. Also, states the
person who is second in command.
4. Specifies substitutes for key personnel who may
become disabled.
5. Muster stations of each crew / passenger.
6. Duties assigned to each crew members.
7. Action to be taken when emergency signal is
sounded.
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MV SMA STAR - MUSTER LIST
Vessel: MV SMA STAR Emergency Signal: Seven or more short blast followed by one prolonged blast on the ship whistle/bell
Call Sign: S9VG Fire: Signal Continuous Ringing
Muster Station: Aft
Manoverboard: Three Prolonged blast at least four times on the ship whistle / bell
Mooring Station
IMO No.: 7766551 Abandon Ship: Marster's Verbal Order

BOAT MUSTER LIST

STARBOARDSIDE LIFEBOAT
Rank / Name Duties
Master Overall Command
2nd Officer 2nd Incharge, Prepare boat and check crew and duties
2nd Engineer
3rd Engineer
GP1
GP1
GP1
2nd Cook
Deck Cadet

PORTSIDE LIFEBOAT
Rank / Name Duties
Chief Officer
3rd Officer
Chief Engineer
4th Engineer
GP1
GP1
GP1
Chief Cook
Engine Cadet

FIRE MUSTER LIST

Rank / Name Party Duties
Master Bridge Team Overall Command Incharge Control Centre.
2nd Officer Bridge Team Assist Master
Duty GP1 Bridge Team Helmsman
Chief Engineer Eng.Rm.Team Incharge Engine Room
4th Engineer Eng.Rm.Team Assist Chief Engineer
Chief Officer Emergency Team Incharge of Emergency Party
2nd Engineeer Emergency Team 2nd Incharge of Emergency Party
3rd Officer Emergency Team Fire Fighting Team
3rd Engineer Emergency Team Fire Fighting Team
GP1 Emergency Team Fire Fighting Team
GP1 Emergency Team Fire Fighting Team
GP1 Emergency Team Fire Fighting Team
Chief Cook First Aid Team Stretcher/FA/Resussitator/AED
2nd Cook First Aid Team Stretcher/FA/Resussitator/AED
GP1 Back Up Team Boundary Cooling
GP1 Back Up Team Boundary Cooling
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Engine Cadet Back Up Team Shut Ventilations
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 To increase the chances of survival

 Purpose of training and drills:

 Instil discipline
 Inspire confidence
 Prevent panic and chaos

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 Carry out as a last resort

 The ship usually offers the best chance of

survival

 Only to be undertaken if all other measures fail

 Important to prevent panic and avoid chaos

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 The abandon ship drill and fire-fighting

drills are training given to crew members in
launching of survival crafts or fighting of
fire.
 The objective of drills is to build up their
confidence.
 During an emergency, the task can be
carried out expeditiously and thus it will
enhance the chances of survival of crew
when the ship is in distress.

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 Drills shall, as far as practicable, be conducted as

if there were an actual emergency.
 Every crew member shall participate in at least
one abandon ship drill and one fire drill every
month.
 The drills of the crew shall take place within 24 h
of the ship leaving a port if more than 25% of the
crew have not participated in abandon ship and
fire drills on board that particular ship in the
previous month.

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 When a ship enters service for the first time,

after modification of a major character or
when a new crew is engaged, these drills shall
be held before sailing.
 The Administration may accept other
arrangements that are at least equivalent for
those classes of ships for which this is
impracticable.

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 On every cargo ship, each member of the

crew shall participate in at least one
abandon ship drill and one fire drill every
month.
 The drills of the crew shall take place within
24 hours of the ship leaving a port if more
than 25% of the crew have not participated
in abandon ship and fire drills on board that
particular ship in the previous month

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 On passenger ships an abandon ship drill

and fire drill shall take place weekly.
 Muster of the passengers shall take place
within 24 hours after their embarkation.
 Passengers shall be instructed in the use of
the lifejackets and the action to take in an
emergency.

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 Each abandon ship drill shall include:

1. summoning of passengers and crew to muster
stations with the alarm required by regulation
followed by drill announcement on the public
address or other communication system and
ensuring that they are made aware of the order to
abandon ship;
2. reporting to stations and preparing for the duties
described in the muster list;
3. checking that passengers and crew are suitably
dressed;
4. checking that lifejackets are correctly donned.

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5. lowering of at least one lifeboat after any

necessary preparation for launching.
6. starting and operating the lifeboat engine.
7. operation of davits used for launching life rafts.
8. a mock search and rescue of passengers trapped
in their staterooms; and
9. Instruction in the use of radio life-saving
appliances.

Different lifeboats shall, as far as practicable, be

lowered in compliance with the requirements of
paragraph 5 at successive drills.
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 Shall contain instructions and information on the

life-saving appliances provided in the ship.
 It shall also contain information on the best
methods of survival.
 The material in the manual shall be in easily
understood terms and illustrated where
appropriate.
 A training manual may comprise one or more
volumes and any part of the instructions and
information may be provided in the form of
audio-visual aids as an alternative to printed
material.

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 All life-saving appliances shall be in a state of

operational readiness at all times.
 It is imperative a ship’s officer is delegated to
carry out regular inspection & maintenance.
 Any faulty equipment shall be immediately
serviced or replaced.

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