STR 25 SUR ~MARINE VHF FM RADIOTELEPHONE SERVICE MANUAL 762-0068 ITTABLE OF CONTENTS TRODUCTION 1.1 General 1.2 Generat Description 1.3 Accessories 1d Specifications INSTALLATION 2.1 General 2.2 Unpacking and Inspection 2.3 siting 2.8 Mounting 2.5 External Connections vena a 32 33 33.1 3.3.2 Hort a 42 4a aa 44d 42 443 aaa 445. 446 447 448 X v 8 Operating Controls Operating Instructions Options Renote Control Chanel 13 Receiver (oF OPERATION General Function Description Fadiotelephone Signal Flow revit Description synthesizer Board ace I mM ve a a 22 ae ne ee ee a “1 42 “7 “7 [AF-Scanner and Nultipl ier Berd 4-8 F-Board WexO Board s-Detector Board FF Power Amplifier other Board contro? Board Crystal Board Switening Unit Renate Control Unit ROUTINE MAINTENANCE 5. 5.2 53 34 55 5.6 57 5.8 General Parts Replacement Test Equipment. and special Toots Transistors and Integrated Circuits Equipment Resovel Prevention Maintenance Fuse Replacenent Performance Tests +9 +10 an oa Switching Regulator 24/32-13,614-14 aa oe ee 52 3 53 53 ‘TROUBLE sHooTiNG 6.1 General 6.2 Precautions 6.3 Locating the Faulty Functional Section REPAIR 7.1 General 1.2 Recess to Assembly ALIOMMENT 8.1 General 8.2 Circuits Common to Trans- miter and Receiver 8,3. Transmitter Circuit Alignments 8.4 Receiver Cireult Alignments 8.5 Installing AUX Channnels m ra eo et 83 86 oe9 10. PARTS LIST 9.0 Transceiver 9.1 synthesizer Board 9.2 AFScanner and Multiplier Board 9.3. RF-Board 9.4 ¥CXO-Board 9.5 d-Detector Board 9.6 TK-PA/Transmitter Indicator 9.7 Mother Board 9.10 Crystal Board 9.11 24/32-13,60 Regulator 9.12 switching Unit 9.13 Remote Contral Unit 9.14 Channel Crystal Specification CERCUIT DIAGRAMS AND ASSEMBLIES 10.1 synthesizer Soard Diagram 10.2 AF-Scanner and Multiplier Otagram 10.3 RF-Board Diagran 10.4 VEX0-Boaré Diagren 10.5 d-Detector Board Diagram 10.6 TH-PR Diagram 10.7 Mother Board 10.8 Control Soard Diagram 10.10 crystal Board Diagram 10.11 24/32-13,6¥ Regulator Diagram 10.12 Switching unit 10.13 Remote Control Unit 9-1 9-2 9-6 ot 13 9-16 9-8 9-21 9-23 9-25 9-26 9-26 9-28 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-4 10-5 10-6 10-7 1-8 to-10 10-11 wo-12 10-13 LIST OF TLLusTRATIONS aa ust ust Wounting Positions and oF 1uLusrRation Mounting Positions and Out] ine Dimensions of the Set Mounting Instructions for Coaxiat cable Connector Externa} Connections and CabTing Connection oF Supply Yortage Connection of ExtePaittoudspeeher “Bi Penopone Flot Hs Connection of Local Handset/iic: Operating Controvs Location of Printed Circuit Boards Functional stock Diagram Signal Flow Otagrem Frequency stabi ization Scanner system Osagran Phase Discriaination and Search Oscitlator Signals Semiconductor Base Views Removal Location of Fuses Power Transistor Replacenent fenovsl of Power Amplifier Soard Dia Lamp and Signs LED Replacement AF power Amplifier Renove contro} Board Renoval synthesizer Alignment Hotes Power Amplifier Trimmer Positioning Location of Trimers and Procedure Potentioneters Adjustment for Correct Clipping Quarts Crystal Specification OF TABLES: STR 25 Radiotelephone Technical Specification Battery Conductor Size Semiconductor Base Configurations International VHF Marine Mobile Channels US VHF Marine Mobile Channels Synthesizer Frequencies and Code pace Pace.Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1A ceNeRaL ‘This manuel describes the ITT STR 25 synthesized Narine HF FM Radiotelephone and provides ine formation to allow qualified service technicians to maintain and repair the set. It also contains {installation and operation instructions. Avaslable options are discussed in the manual Other options will be added and either described ‘in separate manuals or in news sheets. 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ‘The "STR 25% Radfotelephone actually includes @ complete system for efficient YF FH radio communication. = 4 dual conversion superheterodyne receiver with FM detector and audio amplifier, FM transmitter with a max. output power of 25H, reducible to 1 M for Tow power operation. a frequency synthesizer provides up to 58 frequency chamels, simplex (one frequency) or duplex (to Frequency, spaced 4.6 Miz). One or two of § Aux channels may be enplayed for receive-only channels (weather channels). To arrange duplex and weather channels, diodes are employed. 8 switening untt (optional) which proviges the connections for a full contro} renote box. Accessontes Following {5 a list of accessorfes available for use with the radiotelephone, - Coaxial antenna 50 ohn. = Coaxial cable RG-213/U (formerly RG-88/U) Coaxial connector, plug, PL-259 |. External watertight loudspeaker Power pack 24/32-13,6 V OC Power pack 220/110 V ac. Extension board 1. Switehing unit = Renote contro! boxSPECIFICATIONS, ‘he technical characteristics of the radion telephone are Iisted in table 1.1. ene, Frequency range £1860. -157,425 mhz 160,625-162,025 Mle (162,050-163,0 mz options) Channels + $8 Synthesized 5 Optional (with extra plug-in board) Emission classifi~ cation 216 Channel spacing 225 Ke Mode of operation: Simplex, seniduplex crystal 1 erystal per AUX channel Temperature range: ~ 209 ¢ to + 58°C =F toe 10F Frequency stability + ¢ 10 x 10 Supply voltage 12.¥ battery (test voltage 13,8 EIA) Optional: 28 V/32 V battery with external power ack ‘10/220 V AC with external power pack Current rain + Transmit high power at 13,8 ¥ OC (25m) 58 Transmit low power wit, Receive 0.4 A Dual watch Channel 16 (safety and calling) and any other channel selected. tx RECEIVER uat conversion Selectivity EIA Intersodulation EIA squeteh hoise Limiter Audio output stk 25 su STR 25 SR Audio distortion TRANSMITTER evict Deviation noise Distortion Kw 1. 0,7 mares Outuv eh 12 sim 180.68 270 8 + Adjustable from - 2+ 6 4B relative to 0,7 wV ENF rane (ne yeh. “syuatened ) 11/48 (Input up to 100 48 above sensitivity) 2.W nto 8 ohm int. speater 2.W fnto 8 ohm ext. speaker sax 7 W into 2 ohm (with speaker discomected) 2 TOR at 7H 25 = 22,5 W stoptex or samteuptex TW reduced power 24S ki 140. oChapter 2 INSTALLATION NOTE: Faflure to apply the following instructions, SS particularly those ‘involving cables, could fesule tn loss of warranty: 2.1 GENERAL For trouble free, efficient operation it ts essential to follow the installation instruc~ tions listed below. 2.2 UNPACKING and INSPECTION Remove the radiotelephone from the shipping container. Inspect carefully for signs of damage. If any is evident, save the packing material and notify the carrier innediately. OC -a.e Iii 2.3 SITING The equipment should be located on the bridge, in the chartroom or another suitable place where it is readily accessible and reasonably protected from splashwater. The antenna should be located as high as practicable and in an area which 1s free from obstructions. For a typical marine installation, the following suggestions will aid in making an efficient ine stallation. Nount the set with its Mounting Wedge hori~ zontally ontop of a table or a bench. The Mounting Bracket on the remote unit can be mounted either vertically beside a bulk- head or horizontally on top of a table or a bench. — OOo Iie gO? oo IN The figure 2.1 shows the mounting positions and outline dimensions of the set. 2-1b. Utilize the external loudspeaker facility to improve watchkeeping, especially in noisy localities. For outdoor use a water- tight model is avaitatble. c. The antenna should preferably be located fon top of the mast, but other alternatives could be considered. when the antenna site has been decided upon, make the coaxial cable run as short as possible 4. Full remote control from a renote contro! box can be included az an option 2.4 MOUNTING nen the siting of the radiotelephone has been Fixed secure the set to the bulkhead with three 6 mm (1/8) screws with a nut and Tock washer are reconmended. Screws may be fixed onto hard wood, provided the treated section penetrates toa deapth of a least 1* 2.5 EXTERNAL CONMECTIONS 2.5.1 COAXIAL CABLE ‘The type of coaxial cable between the radio ‘telephone and the antenna should be R6-213/U for sinflar 50 ohm cable. Keep the cable Yength as short as possible ~ fon these frequencies the attenuation is 3 48 per 30 meter (or 100 Fs), which means a Toss lf SOY of the available power output. Fit the coaxial cable with en UF plug PL-259 for sinilar type at the equipnent end and also at the antenna end when appropriate. Refer to figure 2.2.4 for sounting instructions. To protect the coaxial cable fram aechantcal fanage in exposed surroundings, ft 4s recom ended that the cable {s placed inside a steel pipe. Alternatively an arsoured cable such as G-215/U could be employed. @ C= Coupting Plug sub-asseably Plug type PL-259 Cee Laz Coaxial cable R6-213/0 (formerly R6-24/0) Cut end of cable even. Renove vinyl Socket 32 ma. qg-—— a fare 16 m of center conductor. Trim braided shield. Slide coupling ring ‘on cable. Tin exposed center condvetor atria C= Screw the plug sub-assesbly on cable. Solder assenbly to braid through solder holes, making a good bond between braid and shel]. Solder conductor to contact. 0 NOT USE EXCESSIVE HEAT. <———TTE} For final assenbly, screw coupling ring on plug sub-assembly. FIG 2.28 MOUNTING INSTRUCTIONS FOR COAXIAL CABLE CONNECTORFIG. 2.28 EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS AND CABLING NOTE: See section 4.4.7 for further detaits on external speaker connections. LUNGROUNDED (FLOATING) RAINS THE SET DESEGNED MITH FLOATING CONNEC TEONS FOR ANTENNA ANO POWER LEADS, AND THE SET ITSELF WILL NOT GROUND ANY SIDE OF A GROUND FREE SHIP'S MAINS. CAUTION WHEN INSTALLING PONER SUPPLY PS 220 08 ANY OTHER AC SUPPLY, THE SUPPLY CASE AS ELL AS THE VAF RADIOTELEPHONE MUST BE SECURELY GROUNDED FOR SAFETY REASONS THE SCREEN OF THE 2-CORE CABLE SHOWN FOR VHF LINE CONNECTION TS INTENDED FOR THIS PURPOSE 2. 4 SQ.M ANG 11, SCREENED (sCREEN IS FOR SAFETY GROUND) REMOTE CONTROL Tom 37 x 0,25 50 HH SCREENED ps 220 450 He awe 1 110/220 vac 50-60 Hz * 10s EXTERIAL LOUDSPEAKER, WHEN FULL ADVANTAGE IS TO BE TAKEN OF THE POWERFUL 7 WATT AUDIO AMPLIFIER, THE LouD- SPEAKER TYPE HA4 MAY BE INSTALLED. THE W44 LOUDSPEAKER IS COMPLETELY WATER- PROOF AND CAN BE USED FOR OUTDOOR APPLI: CATIONS UNDER EXTREME WEATHER CONDITIONS. ANTENNA ER 15 OPTIONAL EXTRA LOUDSPEAKER our ANTENNA BASE, FITS on [| (OUTDOOR MATERPROOF) THREADED PIPE (NOT SUPPLIED MITH ANTENNA) coax RoBA/U (6213/0) (R658/0) 2 x 0,75 0 HM ave 18 13,6 voc or 12 ¥ BATTERY (DIRECT) 26,0 VOC or 24 V BATTERY (NITH 26 V SUPPLY) 32,0 VOC or 32 V BATTERY (WITH 24 V SUPPLY) = 108 + 8Fy 8 amps fuse Fp 1 anps fuse The battery voltage 1s comected as shown fn Figure 2.3 137 POLE FEMALE convecroR (O-conecToR) OR REMOTE conTan. ruse sounens {ITT CANNON’ c-375°USR OR SIMILAR) Fon STANDARD US TYPE (yes 78) (scwunreh FE? 031-2010) 2 POLE AMP oR MOLEX socKET Fon EXTERNAL LOUDSPEAKER a iss 6} i -comecron For TENN (023) vevemren += cao Yomect, eran fron x“ power abies to tne font houere avo Serinal trom battery - POWER CABLES COMING battery 12 ¥ oe fr oe te Set to transceiver Fig. 2.3 CONNECTION OF SUPPLY VOLTAGE wo Uomect the power supply cables directly to the battery terminals to avoid damaging transients from ignition switch ete. The conductor size of the battery leads is to be calculated from the table 2.1 below 12 v battery cable Area Distance to battery in Sa. mm AMG eter and Feet wo a5 15 ws 40 120 2308 6.0 20.0 “oto 30 60 9 16.0 55,0 10,0 7 24/32 v Battery, 1s 5 0-0 0-100parenure 5.3 CONNECTION OF EXTERNAL HawOseT fos 2.8.5 COWECTION FOR LOCAL HANDSET Mie. TT As shown fn Fig. 204 [As shown in Fig. 2.5C for standard version ‘See also Motherboard dagram 10.7 ‘as tn Fig. 2.50 when using extended mic. oF handset ‘TeLeMvoONE p Pac} sucrorsone [S—————} MICROTELEPHONE (st Fig. 2.50 1m _m NICROTELEPIONE (For use with extended Lett? pate incrotetephone) FIG, 24 COMECTION FOR EXTERNAL YpuDSHEAMEREAND: HMIOSET /V4iC 2.5.4 COWECTION OF LOCAL MICROPHONE Fig. 2.5 €,0 Connections for local Microteeptone [As shown in Fic. 2.68 for standard version [As in Fig. 2,58 when using extended Nic. or handset scroevone [-—$— MICROPHONE (stendrd version) FAQ. 2.58 MICROPHONE (or use with extended microphone) Fig. 2.58 Fig. 2.5 AyB Connections for local MicrophoneChapter 3 OPERATION 5 OPERATION IN "DUAL POSITION, CHANNEL 16 15 SAMPLED, INDICATED BY FLASHING OTAL LAMP, WHILE LISTENING TO THE CHANNEL SHOWN IN THE DIAL WINDOW. A SIGNAL ON CH 16 WILL EXTINGUISH DIAL LAMP AND LOCK THE RECEIVER TO CHANNEL 16. POSITION *CH 16 ONLY" WILL DISABLE cHAN- NEL SELECTORS AND LOCK BOTH TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER TO CH 16 6 NODE 3 CHANNEL SELECTORS LEFT SETS FIRST CHANNEL DIGIT, RIGHT SETS SECOND DIGIT. FIVE AUXILIARY CHANNELS (WE 1, HE 2 AND THREE SPARE POSITIONS) ARE SET BE LEFT KNOB. SELECTS SINGLE OR THO-FREQUNCY OPERATION (SIMPLEX OR DUPLEX CHANNEL). LEFT POSITION DISCON- NECTS LOCAL CONTROL TO ENABLE REMOTE OPERATIONS. 8 TRANSHIT LARP 7 MIKE PRESSEL SWITCH INDICATES TRANS~ PRESSING THIS SHITCH WILL AC- WITTER "ON". TIVATE TRANSMITTER, RELEASE TO LISTEN \ Listen, T OO 6, ¢ lle oe TMM C— 1 BIKE RECEPTACLES RECEPTACLES FOR LOCAL AND Ex Get 3 TENSION KICROPKONES/HaNDSETS. 2 SOUELCH Nanerenren aerate eee CORPORAT: MILL SILENCE RECEIVER NOISE ORATING ON/OFF SuITCH IN NO-SIGNAL PERIODS. PUSH KNOB FOR 25 W ANTENNA POWER, PULL FOR REDUCTION TO 1 W. 3-13.2 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 3.2.1 RECEIVE OnLY Sitch on the equipaent by turning the volune controt clock= wise, pull squelch knob for REDUCED POWER. select the channel to be monitored. Turn the saueleh knod fully anticTockaise to make squeTch ‘inoperative. Turn volune control for appropriate audio level (noise is heard). Turn the squelch knob slovly clochvise inti the noise stops. ‘The selected channel 1s now being monitored. 2 RECEIVE ONLY, DUAL WATCH Follow procedure given in 3.2.1 and set select sulteh to positfon *DURL*. Chanel 16 end the channel selected on tne ial are now monitored ‘The Gial Tamp wil! inaieate scanning. If 2 signal ts received on the channel selected on the dial, the watch function will interrupt ‘the signal for 1/10 of second every second, but not disturb the readability. If a signal is received on channel 16, the receiver locks on to this channel until the ‘transmission is finished. The dial Tanp 4s snftched off during reception on channel 16. 3 RECEIVE AND TRANSHIT Switch on the equipment, power switch in po- sitfon lov. Use Tow power for transaissions unless conditions warrant high power. Select the desired channel using the channel. Be sure others are not To transnit, remove the handset from the cradle, depress the pressel switch and speak into the microphone ina normal voice. Address call to appropriate coast station or vessel, gfving cooplete station ident ty. On-duptex-channets -the-transmtter car-be-operated centiniausly,— -on-sinptex channels he pressel switch mist be released during reception. 3-2 3:2.4 COMMUNICATION PRECEDURE ‘he user of the radiotelephone (s obliged to follow the rules and reguiations issued by the Administrative Authorities. Following are sone basic rules, which should be observed when communicating: a, Before using a particular channel, be sure ‘hat it is designated for the intended use. A Tist of channels is published in the User's Handbook. . Before initiating a channel 16 call, be sure to pre-determine a working channel that is not occupied. Before initiating any call, be sure that the selected channel 1s not occupfed. 4. Keep all transaissions short and to the point. Avoid umecessarily Tong transmissions. fe. After completion of communication, return to channel 16 - safety and cating. 3.3 OPTIONS 3.3.1. REMOTE CONTROL For renote controtTing the set can be supplied with a re- rote control unity including a 37 core aulticable, which makes {t possible to control all the functions of the set ‘except the ON/OFF switch. Furthermore, the renote box rear panel contains sockets for external loudspeaker and renote loudspeaker for channel 13 receiver (ff installed). On the front plate a LED indicator shows when there 1s a carrier on the channel 13 receivers. One limitation eccurs when the channel 13 remote Toudspeaker is comected directly to the rreote box, that is the omission of two positions for pri- vate channels on the Teft hand éfal knob (2 P and 3 P), ‘etuation of those channels can be done easily by connect= ‘ng the renote loudspeaker directly to the channel 13 re- ceiver and by making to strap connections on the switch- ‘ng unit, see par. 4.4.12 page 4-16 3.3.2 CHANNEL 13 RECEIVER For operation of the optional chamel 13 receiver, reference is made to appendix 1.Chapter 4 THEORY OF OPERATION GENERAL In this chapter the principles of operation are iscussed, starting fron the functional block iagram, figure 4.1. Then the signal flow is analysed with the aid of Figure 4.2, the signal Flow block éiagran. The frequency stabilisation systen 1s analysed separately and with reference to Figure 4.3. The principles of the channel scanning are discussed in connection with figure 4.4. ‘The operation of individual efreuits ts discussed with reference mainly to the circuit diagrams. 4.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ‘The radiotelephone equipment 1s a double- conversion receiver and a frequency-rodulae ted transmitter for votee communications in the 160 Miz marine VHF band. Tt transaits and receives on channels allocated for this service. These my be either single-frequency (sinptex) or tho-frequency (duplex) channels. ‘he transition from recefve to transait is controlled from the pressel switch of the handset. ‘The Frequency control of the set is achieved by 4 frequency synthesizer or optional crystals , fone quartz crystal per private channel, through 4 synthesizer type, phase-locked generator. Another characteristic of the set fs the ability to scan channel 16 while the set is tuned to any one of the channels avaflable, and under these conditions Tock the receiver to channel 16 when 8 transnfssion fs received, Refer to the block diagram 4:1. (SEMI~ DUPLEX), which descrite the functional blocks of ‘the radiotelephone. Theblocks are mainly housed on eight separate printed circuit boards. see fg. 4.0, (on transmit, the microphone of the handset de- Tivers audio stgnals to the microphone anplitier, which is followed by limiter and filters. The audio signals frequency-nadulate two rf osciTlators- fone of these is in operation on simplex channels (10.7 Mz) while the other operates when @ duplex channel has been selected, on 15.3 Mz. ‘The frequency-nodulated rf signal of 10.7 Hie or 15,3 Miz {s applied to the phase discriminator or the frequency generator. The second input to the phase discrisinator is derived fron the mixer and the mixer output frequency 1s exactly the same as the signal from the Fit oscfTTator when phase Tock had been obtained, The phase discriminator controls and nodulates the YOO, which is folloved by an amplifier. The ‘output rf signal {s further amplified ia the river of the power amplifier and in the final power anplifier. A low-pass filter for atte- uation of harmonic signals follows before the antenra relay switches the transaitter output (through the duplex filter when fitted) to the antenna. On receive, the antenna comects via the duplex Filter(uhen Fitted) and duplex-semiplex switch to the rf amplifier, which is tuned to the re- ception bands for simplex and duplex by matched varicap diodes. The first mixer produces a ditfe- rence frequency of 10.7 Miz - the channel oseiitator (aulttplieg) frequency 4s F gy + 10.7 MHz on sinplex channels and Fg, + (10.7 + 4.6) Miz on duplex channels. ‘he Ist amplifier ts followed by the 2nd mixer, Which is fed by a 2nd oscillator signal of 10.285 ir to obtain the 2nd IF on 455 rae. ‘The 2nd IF anplifier with Viniter circuits and detector, (discriminator) 1s in one IC unit. ‘The audfo output from the detector 1s squélech controTled before being amplified in the audio amplifier which drives the internal loudspeaker (alse handset receiver) and external speakers when Fitted. ‘The system for frequency stabilization was partly éescribed above in conjunction with the transmitter operation, Starting from the synthesizer, frequencies are selected to suit the requirements iaposed by the receiver Ist aixer: ‘The Ist oscitlator injection frequency is to be 10.7 Wiz above the frequency received. ‘he frequency stabilization system utiTizes the fact ‘hat the synthesizer output 4s 15.7 Miz above the ‘tranenitter on sinplex and duplex channels.FIG. 4.0 LOCATION OF PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS AF-SCANNER AND CRYSTAL BOARD SYNTHESIZER BOARD MULTIPLIER BOARD RF-BOARD exo BOARD ‘4-DETECTOR BOARD MOTHER BOARD SWITCHING UNIT CONTROL BOARDThe aux osciTlator output (multiplied) is 10.7 wiz above the transmitter on sinplex. (one-frequency) channels, and 10.7 + 4.6 = 15.3 Mz above the transmitter on duplex (two frequency) channels. Vinen the output of the aux oscillator 4s applied to the mixer stage of the frequency generator, together with @ sample of the transmitter YCD-con= trolled frequency, a difference of 10.7 Miz (simplex) ‘or 15.3 Me (duplex) 4s obtained, The synthesized ‘The mixer-stage is folloved by a controllable frequency divider Which 4s connected to the phase-frequency detectar. The ratio of diviston of the controttable frequency divider 1s selectable from n* 98:1 to n= 42:1. This accomplishes the selection of any ‘one of the 57 frequencies. The selection of a channel (frequency) 1s accomplished by selec tion of the right ratio of division in the controTTable frequency ivider. Only seven wires are required to the control board to select any one of the §7 channels. channels give 18.3 Miz on simplex and duplex. This Frequency 48 one of the input signals to the phase Giscriminator ~ the other one is the modulates 10.7 or 15.3 Mla signal from the FH oscillator. Differences between the to signals generate an error voltages vinich eauses the CO to tune to another frequency and ultinately reduce the Frequency error to zero, when phase lock occurs. A search osettlator 4s incorporated in the circuit ‘tp serve as a coarse tuning device before the phase discriminator fine tuning takes over. A switching unft, essentially contains three relays For distributing the control possibilities to either ‘the main control unit or the renote control unit, can be installes inside the transceiver unit as an option. A:2-1, Frequency Synthesizer The analysis principle 4s used for the Frequency-Synthasizer. ‘The Frequency-Synthesizer can be phaselocked to any of the 57 discrete frequencies (25 kz spacing) within the range 171.325 to 172.725 Miz. Basically the Phase-frequency detector compares the phases of the signals derived from the VEO and the crystal controlled Reference-OseSt ator. ‘The instantaneous difference detveen the phising of the two voltages causes the phase-frequency detector to produce @ voltage which controls the YOO so that the difference of frequencies of the two oscillators becones zero. In the sinplified diagram synchronisation is possible for one ‘Frequency only. However, synchronisation is required on any of the 57 possible frequencies. Before going into details 4t should be mentioned that the Frequencies to be compared in the phase-frequency detector have to be transposed to 25 Wir. By means of 2 divider of fixed dividing ratio (n 256:1) the frequency of the reference cosciTlator (6.400 Wiz) {¢ transposed to the required.25 Kir. ‘The Frequency of the YOO 1s mixed with 169.175 Miz on simplex ‘or 173.779 Miz on duplex and transmit, which is the 7th harmonic of the crystal controlled Frequency of 24.167857 Mix (®X stapl.) for 28.825 Miz (RX dupl. and Tx). By this means the YHF-range of the VCO is transposed into the yF-range of 2.450 to 1.050 Mit. te 4-2 lephone Signal Flow. The analysis of the signal flow wilt first cover the receive path, the transmit path end the frequency control systen. Then in additfon to these baste circuits, the channel scanning circuits and the rf power control circuits will be discussed. 1 RECEIVER SIGNAL PATH Refer to Figure 4. ‘The antenna signal passes the duplex filter (when fitted) and duplex-siaplex switch before it Ss applied to the rf anplifier¥301 and then brought to the Tst mixer ¥302 Goth stages are tuned to the siaplex or duplex frequency band through varicaps 0301 to 304, The First osciNletor frequency is 10.7 Wiz above the received signal and the Ist mixer produces a Ist IF of 10.7 Wiz which 1s passed through a crystal filter (not shown) and amplified in cascade amplifier ¥303/1308, ‘The output from the cascade feeds the integrated clrcutt IC301 which at the same tine serves as 2nd crystal-controlled oscéTlator and 2nd mixer. ‘he Frequency of the 2nd oseiTlator fs 10.245 Miz and the 2nd IF 4s therefore 455 KHz, which {s passed through a ceramic filter. The filtered signal is then applied to integrated cfreuit 1¢202, Which operates as Qnd IF amplifier, Timiter and FH tscrininator. The recovered audio signals fs avatlable at the output of 1¢302. The audio signals pass0216 ,2 éfode switch con trolled from the squelch ctrcuits ¥209,0214 and ¥210. ‘The audio signal is amplified in the integrated circuit amplifier 1c201.FHNSTONE HM SEEZL= SUSHI] FAW LSBLSIVZ Wied usuo4, -—— soso [T [aa aanerieysetie | “wy > tennctus |[ 380 1 [Paez _ $2193i| pup iswy) || '2v¥e49 | Leseeets | Paansrebr = soo — t 380 Pua sod ania39§ — pala Tend | orem Frans fanaaas real nbs a js0ueu9 OL Zune AO Aeireusoa yonvo> “amog 1 2un szrisi-s20951 a 5 L |] “moa! . 7 7ejos0 L “aunseg oon f-| —— er z “s20881 FHASEYESL (aide) “sens 280s AW LOL ‘aydus 3500S wangProyerer TO}DAP ‘soises aL] jana\ Jo bbosa “cosa 1] rauo aoyu] ‘urn pom | [Aes ‘Goaispa fel Jovonios® 2070 7078 =F T } seyndwo lt] seundwolel asoud }-4Hs0 you00s| ‘SOA OSA so: brosa" 20s) fe THRE AG) Downs | [Fancor lzva oz¥g ‘Goaison L] soromyo50 ord 107A c=. J AS Fare Pork ydwo [cova zo7A] tosa. TaIanop Tau la} a6 yonuss095) basa ‘SOSA a8] vouns Lo} reuuow L “siva_|~ evra air a108—] yowme Le} saunas 2 x irk | fix vivo) aajanop [ef seyyduro | oz e0zh. sas phos u 3th we sara] as 3 éostion ee wa m4 i a a poet 1 ~t ses) paar | a) a Ly so vo cond-faa red. Lot! send | copes fave somo] | EL and ane iia" soe Bath Say fee ean eam] LS Lain” eo cH — I Ra ST LL fase Pree [eate won m/f sew ms eo S| [ser pace ese | “abet Peet FIG. 4.2 SIGNAL FLOW DIAGRAN4.3.2 TRANSMITTER SIGNAL PATH efer to figure 4.2 for the discussion below. ‘he voice signals from the microphone are anpli~ ‘ed in VA10 and \40Band then Timited 1m 408/407 Required audio filtering ts carried out in the active filter 1405. ‘wo outputs are arranged to the FM modulators Of01 and 0402 respectively. This First one is effective ven the sinplex/duptex switch (¥é02/403/0403/804/ D405 has placed osciTlatory4gl in operation on one- feequency channels. FOr two-frequency (dupTex) operation modulator varicap D402 frequency mode lates the 15.3 Mie output from osciTIator ¥04. Phase discriminator 605-08 1s provided with two Anputs: = fromyso3 FU signals centered at 10.7 Miz or 15.3 ee, = from W502, mixer 0601-0 output which ts the ifference betveenyiol channel ose{TIator multiplied frequency and SOE transnitter vari able oscftlator frequeney. Conditions for frequency locking are satisfactory hen both Snput terminals get the same frequency. “he implication ts that the phase discrininator then Tocks the frequency of varfable osciT ator S08 with varicap0S12 and the modulation fron 503 ‘input 4s reproduced on the VEO signal. ‘The VOD signal fs anplified in V508 before being applied to the Ist rf driver 601, which is fol loved by 2nd RF driver VO0dsand the RF anpl fiers V6OE/V606. ‘he rf output passes a harmonic f¥lter and reaches ‘the antenna over closed contacts on the energized antenna relay. (Through the éuptex filter when Fitted) 3.3 FREQUENCY CONTROL SYSTEM Refer to Figure 4.2 and figure 4.3 for the fscusston below. [reeiver |, [ise we] 156.8 tle Lf pase [AUK SIMPLEX CHANNELS AX AND TH. een ee Lo ar 10.7 sie ven90 ml ,, fe [AUK + SYNTH. DUPLEX CHANNELS RK ARD TK 156.80 be er.se mir [aynen, Le Rx SINPLEX CHAMTELS ( SYITH. ) ror vottase tet aixL ig IF 10.7 Wie 15.3 m4 rre.te mis [ symtn. [4 monte Lace |, [pnase Pfrouet5-3]” Lazer. 256.80 Me vist volte ‘re SHIOLEX cuameis ( syTH.) FUG. 4.3 FREQUENCY STABILIZATIONux, ch.erystal osciTlator Vi01 ts connected to either of the tye sets of crystals over switch ‘todes D109 and D108 respectively. The individual quartz crystals in the tyo sets are selected via diode switching from the channel switch. When sicplex channels are installed, the sinplex gate is armed by connecting required usher of diodesoT17= 119-121-123-125 The extstence of 2 diode on 2 specific channel sets the simplex/duplex switches fn sinplex code = va04/0203/204/ 205 - tunes the receiver rf stages V01, and 2né doubler ¥202. ~ v402/409/0405/405 setect the duplex FA oseiTlator VE04, The aux osciTlator output fs doubled, then quadrupled by V201 and 202 in turn, and the mult f= plied signal applied to the first receiver mixer ‘and the Te mixer 0501-0508. The synthesizer output 1s applied to the First RCIR rnixsand the Tx mix O501-S08after amplification by ve. The transmitter employs a variable osciTlator ¥500, ‘the output of which is anplified dn the driver and 8 sample of the frequency is brought to the mixer DG01-504 The mixer thus receives the VOO frequency’ and the shannel oscitlator "frequency" The phase discriminator D505-805 compares. the Frequency and phase of the frequency-rodulated 10.7 or 15.3 Miz signal and the mixer difference ‘Frequency 10.7 or 15.3 MHz. An error voTtage is generated a5 Tong as there fs a frequency and hase defference. The error voltage is fed to the EO to reduce the error, vitinately to zero, then the VCO 1s prectsely 10.7 Miz (or 18.3 MHz on due plex channels) Tower than the multiplied channel osctllator Frequency, so the modulation frequency deviations have been sinultancously transferred ‘to the YEO automaticaTly. A protective circult prevents the ragiaton of "non-lock* frequencies. Refer to figure 4.2 phase cated on the rear side of the control board see fig 7-3 on page 7-2. F-5001 Protects the set 8h Fuse F-5002 Protects the battery 15A Fuse F-601 Protects small signal cirevit 1,64 Fuse Is 2 fou tp oe ouex sone Foe Bt aoseaech rac ro cee CARR at, a fon sneha ae (scmce'28 Sal 2618) a eatery (929) . sera FIG 5.5 LOCATION oF FUSES 5.8 PERFORMANCE TEST 5.8.1 GENERAL Following are procedures to check that the set 4s operating up to full specification. Results may indicate thet » problen exists - other than a conplete failure - and which functional section of the set is involved Note if the problen relates to transmit only, receive only, or both. In order to Pin-point the faulty functional section5.8.2 TRANSMITTER POWER OUTPUT AND MODULATION Test —— 4, Connect the set to a power supply. b. Connect 3 50 ohms Toad (antenna or dusny Youd) to the output, in series with a di- rectional wattneter. ~ A VHF absorption Powerseter capable of handling at Teast 25 ©. Select @ simplex channel and key the transmitter from the handset presse! switch. The output power should de 22- 25 we 4. Switch to Tow power: the output should de 1.0 W maximum fe. Repeat tests c. and d. on a duplex chan nel. £. Return toa simplex channel. Connect FH deviation meter to the transmitter output (via attenuator of 20-80 48) and use distortion meter to analyze the denodula- ted signal. Apply approx. 3 aY EMF, 1 kHe sudio from the audio generator (Ree 200 ohms) to microphone terminals in aicro~ telephone, Frequency deviation should amount to £30. KHz and distortion to not more than 54, Nore A simplified modulation test is to call a coast station and ask then to evaluate ‘the modulation. Also when an FH deviation eter is available, talk into the micro- phone and evaluate the modulation perfor- mance: a "mean" deviation 1s 3.0 KHz and max. deviation on high voice levels of 5 KHe. 4. Repeat step f on duplex channel 5.8.3 CHANNEL FREQUENCY TESTS = TRANS- warter Connect the set to ® poner supply. b. Couple the attenuated signal from the antenna terminal to a frequency counter capable of operation on 160 MHz. ¢. Measure the frequency on all channels. The acceptable tolerance is +/- 5 x 10°, fee. on 160 Miz +/-800 He. It 1s imperative that the actual accuracy of the frequency counter is not less than vx 10 8 5.8.6 RECEIVER SENSITIVITY AKO AUDIO OUTPUT Tests a, Connect the set to a power supply. b. Connect a distortion meter across the loudspeaker and a VHF signal generator to the antenna connector. Ge careful not to key the transmitter when the signal Generator {s connected. Adjust the gene- ator to the channel frequency and modu late with 1000 Hz, deviation + 3.0 #2. €. Check on simplex channels and on duplex channels. The sensitivity should not be less than 1.0 uY EMF for 12 48 sinad. ‘he squelch should open for signals which are 1 to -2 48 below the above signal evel. Increase input to 1 al ENF and keep same deviation. Turn the volume contro? to the position for maximum audio output The voltage across the loudspeaker termi- nels should be 3.6 V. For the 24S-sT ver- 24 6y sion and 4.0 ¥ for the 285 and 255 versions Distortion should measure Tess than 10%. 5.8.5 RECEIVER CHANNEL SCANNER TESTS 4, Connect the set toa power supply. b. Connect a VHF signal generator to the antenna connector. Ge careful not to key the transmitter while the generator 1s connected. Adjust the generator to channel 16 - 156.8 MHz - and the output signal to 1.0 uv EMF. €. Select a channel other than channel 16 fon channel selector. Set dual watch switeh in on position. Check that Tocking occurs below 1 ul when the signal is increased from below squelch Tevel.