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6/9/17

5 Whys
• Problem – Why
5 Whys • Symptom – Why
• Symptom – Why
• Symptom – Why
• Symptom – Why - Root Cause

5 Whys 5 Whys
• Problem – defects from one supplier are much more Car Example
numerous than from others – why? My Car Won’t Start Why won’t my car start?
The battery is dead Why is the battery dead?
• A lot of parts are damaged in transit – why?
The alternator is not charging Why is the alternator not charging?
• Packaging is not sufficient to protect them – why? The belt is broken Why is the belt broken
• Supplier did not receive guidance on packaging – why? I did not do routine preventive maintenance Root Cause
• Because the technical specification are incomplete, so
they have not been available to the supplier.

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6/9/17

5 Whys 5 Whys
• A machining center requires cooling and the coolant The Washington Monument was Deteriorating
suddenly stopped – why? Why is the monument deteriorating Because harsh chemicals are used to clean it frequently

• A circuit breaker tripped – why? Why does it have to be cleaned so much To clean off the large amount of bird droppings
Why are there large amounts of bird droppings The birds eat spiders, and spiders exist in great numbers on
• The pump overloaded – why? the monument
• There were metal chips in the pump – why?
Why are there so many spiders on the monument Because they feed on the large number of insects that are
• The metal screen was missing – why? attracted to the monument at dusk

• PM was done incorrectly, and screen was left off – why? Why are the insects attracted to the monument at dusk Because the lighting attracts them.

• Lack of training and documentation.


Messersmith, Donald H. 1993. Lincoln Memorial Lighting and Midge Study. Unpublished report prepared
for the National Park Service. CX-2000-1-0014. N.p

5 Whys
• Simple brainstorming tool to find root cause.

• Nothing magical about 5.


– It could take more or less.

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