Topic: Breast Feeding

Purpose: To educate about importance, benefits and proper techniques for mother and infant

Goal: By the end of this 30 mints session mother will practice breast feeding with proper
techniques and understand the importance of breast feeding.

Objectives Content outline Methods of Time Resources Methods of

teaching allotted evaluation
After teaching the 1.Describe the 1.One of 5 mins Book Questioning the
mother: importance of one mother
o Be able to breast feeding discussion
understand the “Breast milk contain
importance of enzymes that help in
Breast feeding. baby digestion.
o Be able to 2.Explain Advantage 2. Booklets 10 mins Written charts Observation of
determine the and benefits of about about interest of the
pros and cons of breast feeding for Breast importance of mother
Breast Feeding mother and infant feeding breast feeding
for infant and as well provide baby
mother. the nourishing and
protect the mother
from hormonal
imbalance and
problems.
o Be able to 3.Teaching the 3.Video 15 mins Visual aids and Observing the
demonstrate correct technique of Clips and pictures mother’s
correct latch on breast feeding to Demonstrati techniques of
and positioning. mother. Mother and on breast feeding
baby should be in after the
comfortable teaching lesson.
position. The mouth
is wide open and
encompasses
areola.
Topic: Immunization

Purpose: To keep every child vaccinated

Goal: By the end of 30 mints session mothers will be able to

understand the importance of immunization on children

Objectives Content Method Time Resourc Evaluati

outline s of allott es on
Teachin ed
g
After health
education
mothers will be
able to:
Description Oral 4
Verbalize or meaning recitati mints
own of on
understandi immunizatio
ng of n
immunizati 9
on. Explain the Lecture mints
Expanded
State at Program on
least five Immunizatio
different n
kinds of
Small 9
vaccines
group mints
included in
Brief Discuss
the EPI
epidemiolog ion
State at y on
Small 8
least five childhood
group mints
diseases illness
discuss
that can be
ion
prevented
through
Absolute
immunizati
contraindic
on
 State at ations and
least five relative
contraindic contraindic
ations in ations to
giving vaccines
vaccines

Case Study on Gestational Diabetes

Patient’s Data:

Name: Sajida Bano Gender: Female Age : 30 yrs Ward: Female Medical Ward

Medical Diagnosis: Gestational Diabetes

Case Summary:

A 30-year-old woman in her second pregnancy, has a family history of Type 2 diabetes.
She had no previous history of diabetes and had a healthy pregnancy with her first child.
During her second trimester, routine screening tests revealed elevated blood sugar
levels, leading to a diagnosis of gestational diabetes.

Gestational Diabetes:

Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that can develop during pregnancy in women
who don’t already have diabetes. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes
that develops during pregnancy.

Medical History:

 Family history of Type 2 diabetes

 No previous history of diabetes
 Normal BMI before pregnancy
 Second pregnancy

Causes:
Gestational diabetes occurs when our body can’t make enough insulin during pregnancy. Insulin is a
hormone made by our pancreas that acts like a key to let blood sugar into the cells in your body for use as
energy. During pregnancy, body makes more hormones and goes through other changes, such as weight
gain.

Diagnostic Tests:

Routine screening tests, including the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), were conducted
during Mrs. Smith's second trimester. Results indicated elevated blood glucose levels,
confirming the diagnosis of gestational diabetes.

Therapeutic Management:

A multidisciplinary team, including an obstetrician, endocrinologist, and dietitian, developed a

comprehensive management plan.

Nursing Management:

 Emphasizing a balanced diet with controlled carbohydrate intake.

 Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels pre and post meals.

 Give Education on portion control and the importance of meal timing.
 Tailored exercise plan incorporating moderate-intensity activities such as walking
and swimming.

 Provide her a glucometer for daily self-monitoring of blood glucose levels. Target
levels for fasting and postprandial glucose were established.

Reference:

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gestational-
diabetes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355345
 Case Study on Ovarian Cancer
Patient’s Data:

Name: Kulsoom Kausar Gender: Female Age : 55 yrs Ward: Female Surgical Ward

Medical Diagnosis: Ovarian Cancer

Case Summary:

A 55-year-old woman, presented to her gynecologist with complaints of abdominal bloating,

pelvic discomfort, and increased frequency of urination for the past few months. She also
reported a family history of breast and ovarian cancer, as her mother had been diagnosed with
ovarian cancer at the age of 60.

Ovarian Cancer :

Ovarian cancer is a growth of cells that forms in the ovaries. The cells multiply quickly and can invade
and destroy healthy body tissue.

Medical History:

A history of regular menstrual cycles, three full-term pregnancies, and a tubal ligation procedure
after her last childbirth. She had no significant medical illnesses or surgeries apart from the tubal
ligation.

Clinical Assessment :
The gynecologist performed a pelvic examination, revealing an enlarged ovary with a palpable
mass. An ultrasound confirmed the presence of a complex ovarian mass. Laboratory tests,
including CA-125 (a tumor marker associated with ovarian cancer), were ordered, and elevated
CA-125 levels were noted.

Diagnostic procedures :

They were initiated, including a transvaginal ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI to determine the
extent of the mass and its involvement with surrounding structures. A biopsy was performed via
laparoscopy, confirming the presence of ovarian cancer, specifically high-grade serous
carcinoma

Staging :

The patient was then staged using the FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and
Obstetrics) system, which revealed stage III ovarian cancer. The cancer had spread beyond the
ovaries, involving the pelvic organs and lymph nodes.

Therapeutic Management:

Patient received adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of a combination of paclitaxel and

carboplatin. The treatment aimed to eliminate any remaining cancer cells and reduce the risk of
recurrence.

Nursing Management :

Nurses play a crucial role in holistic patient care, addressing physical, emotional, and
psychosocial needs throughout the ovarian cancer journey. Regular communication with the
healthcare team and ongoing patient education are essential components of effective nursing
management.

o Monitor vital signs and assess the patient's overall condition.

o Assess pain levels and manage pain effectively.

o Collaborate with the nutritionist to ensure the patient receives appropriate nutrition.

o Monitor for signs of malnutrition and provide interventions as needed.

o Prioritize comfort and quality of life in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.
 o Collaborate with palliative care specialists for symptom management.

o Provide emotional support to the patient and their family.

o Facilitate discussions about end-of-life preferences and goals of care.

o Coordinate care with hospice services if applicable.

o Ensure a compassionate and dignified end-of-life experience.

Reference:

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ovarian-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-
20375941

Reflective Log of my first visit to the Gynecology Ward

Introduction: I am Usman Ali from generic Prof-III. Today marked my first visit to the
Gynecology Ward as a nursing student, and it was an eye-opening experience. As I
stepped into the ward, a mix of excitement and nervousness overwhelmed me. This was
an opportunity to apply theoretical knowledge gained in the classroom to real-life
situations.

Observation: Upon entering the ward, I noticed the atmosphere was different from
other areas of the hospital. The ward was quieter, and the patients seemed to require a
more sensitive approach. I observed the nursing staff demonstrating a high level of
empathy and compassion as they interacted with the patients, understanding the unique
needs and concerns associated with gynecological care.

Patient Interaction: I had the chance to interact with a few patients under the
supervision of a senior nurse. One patient, Mrs. Smith, was admitted for a hysterectomy. I
introduced myself, explained my role as a nursing student, and sought her permission to
be involved in her care. Mrs. Smith was receptive and appreciated the transparency. I
tried to provide emotional support by actively listening to her concerns and reassuring
her about the upcoming procedure.
Clinical Skills: During my time in the Gynecology Ward, I observed various clinical
procedures such as pelvic examinations, postoperative care, and administration of
medications specific to gynecological conditions. I was able to assist in basic tasks under
supervision, such as taking vital signs and documenting patient information accurately.
This experience highlighted the importance of attention to detail and effective
communication in delivering patient-centered care.

Personal Growth and Reflection: My first visit to the Gynecology Ward was a valuable
learning experience. It allowed me to confront my initial discomfort and develop a
deeper understanding of the unique aspects of care in this specialty. I recognize the
importance of continuous learning and self-reflection to become a more compassionate
and competent nursing professional. Moving forward, I am eager to build on this
foundation and embrace the challenges and rewards that come with working in women's
health.

Conclusion: Overall, my first visit to the Gynecology Ward was an enlightening

experience that deepened my appreciation for the nursing profession. I am excited to
continue my journey in the field of women's health, applying the knowledge and skills
gained to provide holistic and patient-centered care.

Reflective Log of my first visit to the Family Planning

Center
Introduction: I am Usman Ali from generic Prof-III. Today marked my first visit to a
Family Planning Center as a nursing student, and it was an insightful and educational
experience. This setting is crucial in promoting reproductive health and ensuring access
to family planning services. As I entered the center, I felt a sense of responsibility and
enthusiasm to learn more about the unique aspects of providing reproductive health
care.

Observation: The atmosphere in the Family Planning Center was welcoming and non-
judgmental. Staff members were approachable and focused on creating a safe space for
clients. I observed a diverse range of individuals seeking services, emphasizing the
importance of inclusivity and accessibility in reproductive healthcare.

Client Interaction: During my time at the center, I had the opportunity to witness client
consultations. The healthcare providers demonstrated excellent communication skills,
actively listening to the clients' concerns and providing comprehensive information
about available contraceptive options. I noted the importance of respecting the
autonomy and decision-making of individuals in matters related to family planning.

Clinical Procedures: I had the chance to observe and, under supervision, assist in some
clinical procedures related to family planning. This included providing information on
contraceptive methods, discussing potential side effects, and addressing any concerns
clients had. It reinforced the significance of tailoring information to the individual needs
and preferences of clients.

Personal Growth and Reflection: My first visit to the Family Planning Center has
broadened my understanding of reproductive healthcare beyond the clinical aspect. It
has made me appreciate the holistic approach required in family planning services and
the need for healthcare providers to be advocates for reproductive rights. I am more
aware of the role nurses play in fostering a supportive and non-discriminatory
environment for clients seeking family planning services.

Conclusion: In conclusion, my first visit to the Family Planning Center was a valuable
experience that has deepened my commitment to providing comprehensive and patient-
centered care. I am excited to further develop my skills and knowledge in reproductive
health and contribute to promoting positive sexual health outcomes for individuals and
communities.

Reflective Log of my Second visit to the Gynecology

Ward
Introduction: I am Usman Ali from generic Prof-III. My second visit to the Gynecology
Ward as a nursing student brought forth new challenges and learning opportunities.
Building on my initial experiences, I aimed to deepen my understanding of the unique
aspects of care within this specialty and enhance my skills in providing compassionate
and patient-centered support.

Observations: The atmosphere in the Gynecology Ward remained distinct, emphasizing

the importance of sensitivity and empathy in caring for women with various
gynecological conditions. I observed the nursing staff demonstrating a seamless balance
between professionalism and emotional support as they attended to the needs of the
patients.

Patient Interactions: During this visit, I had the chance to interact with a diverse group
of patients, each with their own set of concerns and needs. One notable interaction was
with a young woman, Ms. Johnson, who was admitted for a laparoscopic procedure. I
introduced myself, explained my role, and sought her consent to be involved in her care.
This experience reinforced the importance of effective communication and establishing
trust to provide optimal patient care.

Clinical Skills: I actively engaged in more clinical procedures during this visit, such as
assisting in the preparation of patients for surgery, observing surgical procedures, and
participating in postoperative care. These experiences provided valuable insights into the
intricacies of gynecological surgeries and the recovery process, highlighting the need for
meticulous attention to detail in postoperative care.

Personal Growth and Reflection: As I reflect on my second visit to the Gynecology

Ward, I recognize personal growth in my ability to navigate the emotional aspects of
patient care. The exposure to various clinical procedures has strengthened my technical
skills, but more importantly, it has deepened my empathy and understanding of the
emotional toll that gynecological conditions and procedures can have on individuals.

Conclusion: My second visit to the Gynecology Ward has been a valuable step in my
nursing education journey. It has allowed me to expand my skills, further appreciate the
importance of holistic care, and understand the emotional dimensions of patient
interactions. I am eager to continue learning and growing as a nursing student, applying
these experiences to become a more compassionate and competent healthcare
professional.

Reflective Log of my first Visit to Gynae Operation

Theater (OT)
Introduction: : I am Usman Ali from generic Prof-III Today marked my first visit to the
Gynecology Operating Theater as a nursing student. The prospect of witnessing and
participating in surgical procedures in a specialized field like gynecology brought a mix
of excitement and anticipation. I recognized the significance of this experience in
expanding my knowledge and understanding of the surgical aspects of women's health.

Observations: Upon entering the Gynecology Operating Theater, I was immediately

struck by the organized and sterile environment. The atmosphere was focused and
concentrated, emphasizing the importance of precision and teamwork in the surgical
setting. I observed the surgical team working collaboratively, each member contributing
to the smooth flow of the procedure.

Patient Preparation: I participated in the preparation of patients for gynecological

surgeries, including ensuring proper identification, confirming consent, and assisting with
the transfer to the operating table. This phase emphasized the importance of clear
communication and adherence to protocols to guarantee patient safety and ensure a
well-coordinated surgical process.

Surgical Procedures: During the visit, I observed a variety of gynecological surgeries,

such as hysterectomies and laparoscopic procedures. Witnessing the surgical team's
skillful execution of procedures deepened my appreciation for the complexity of
gynecological surgeries and the precision required to ensure positive patient outcomes. I
had the opportunity to assist with tasks under the guidance of experienced nurses,
including handing instruments to the surgical team and maintaining the sterile field.

Personal Growth and Reflection: My visit to the Gynecology Operating Theater was a
transformative experience that contributed significantly to my professional growth. It
deepened my understanding of surgical procedures in gynecology, honed my technical
skills, and heightened my awareness of the emotional dimensions of patient care in this
setting. This exposure has inspired me to pursue further learning and training to become
a proficient and compassionate perioperative nurse.

Conclusion: In conclusion, my visit to the Gynecology Operating Theater was a pivotal

moment in my nursing education. It broadened my perspective on women's health,
surgical interventions, and the critical role of nurses in ensuring the well-being of
patients during gynecological procedures. I am eager to build upon this foundation and
continue developing the skills necessary for a rewarding career in gynecological nursing.

Reflective Log of my second Visit to Gynae Operation

Theater (OT)
Introduction: This marked my second visit to the Gynecology Operating Theater, and
the experience brought a sense of familiarity and confidence as I delved deeper into the
intricacies of gynecological surgeries. Building on the insights gained during the first
visit, I approached this opportunity with a heightened awareness of the surgical
environment and a commitment to furthering my understanding and skills.

Observations and Continuity: Entering the Gynecology Operating Theater once again, I
noticed a continuity in the organized and sterile setting. The meticulous attention to
infection control and the coordinated efforts of the surgical team were consistent with
my previous experience. This continuity reassured me and allowed me to focus more on
the specific details of the surgical procedures.

Patient-Centered Care: I actively participated in patient preparation, ensuring that

patients were appropriately identified, consent forms were verified, and that they were
 made comfortable on the operating table. This hands-on involvement reinforced the
importance of patient-centered care even in the highly technical and procedural
environment of the operating theater. I observed how effective communication and
empathy played crucial roles in alleviating patient anxiety before surgery.

Team Collaboration: The collaborative nature of the surgical team became more
evident during my second visit. The seamless communication and coordination between
surgeons, nurses, and other healthcare professionals highlighted the significance of
teamwork in ensuring the success of the procedures. I actively engaged in team
discussions, which provided valuable insights into the decision-making process during
surgeries.

Personal Growth and Reflection: My second visit to the Gynecology Operating Theater
solidified my passion for perioperative nursing. It allowed me to witness the seamless
integration of theoretical knowledge with practical skills and emphasized the
transformative impact nurses can have in the surgical setting. The experience reinforced
my commitment to continuous learning and honing my abilities to contribute effectively
to patient care.

Conclusion: In conclusion, my second visit to the Gynecology Operating Theater was a

progressive step in my journey as a nursing student. It enriched my understanding of
surgical procedures, enhanced my technical skills, and deepened my appreciation for the
collaborative nature of healthcare teams. I look forward to further opportunities to refine
my abilities and contribute meaningfully to the field of gynecological nursing.

NCP ON FEAR

Name : Asifa Begum Medical Diagnosis : Endometrial Cancer

Age : 54 Years

ASSESSMENT DIAGNOSIS PLANNING NURSING RATIONAL EVALUATION

INTERVENTIONS
Subjective Data: “Fear related After 4 hours of Review patient Clarifies patient After 4 hours
to situational nursing previous perceptions of nursing
“I am having that I crisis as interventions the experience with and assist in interventions,
can’t survive more” evidenced by patient will be able cancer. identification the patient
as verbalized by the nonverbal to: of fears and was able to
patient. cues i.e. Encourage misconceptions display
restlessness,  Display patient to share based on appropriate
Objective Data: hopelessness, appropriat thoughts and diagnosis and range of
increased e range of feelings. experience feelings and
 Increased tension.” feelings with cancer. lessened fear.
tension and Maintain
 Restlessness lessened frequent contact Provide
 Hopelessnes fear. with patient, talk opportunity to
s patient and touch examine
 V/S taken as appropriate. realistic fears
follows: and
Explain misconceptions
T: 37.2 C procedures, about
providing diagnosis.
P: 92 b/m opportunity for
questions. Provide
R: 20 b/m assurance that
patient is not
Bp: 110/90 alone or
mm/hg rejected and
fostering trust.

Accurate
information
allows patient
to deal more
effectively.

NCP ON ACUTE PAIN

Name : Ruksar Batool Medical Diagnosis : Fibroid uterus

Age : 35 Years

ASSESSMENT DIAGNOSIS PLANNING NURSING RATIONAL EVALUATION

INTERVENTIONS
Subjective “Acute pain After 8 hours of Assess the To identify the After 8 hours
Data: related to nursing intervention gestational age , fetal growth, of nursing
contractions the patient will be maternal factor life, position, interventions
“I am feeling of the able to: sand monitor presenting the client’s
severe pain due uterus as fundal height , part, and pain was
to contractions manifested  Experience a fetal movements descent of the relieved as
in uterus ” as by patient reduced pain and fetal heart fetus. evidenced by
verbalized by verbal cues.” verbalizes of rate. the happiness
the patient. comfort and To identify the after
relief Continuously progression of delivering
Objective from pain. monitor the V/S the fetus & the baby &
Data: & duration and prepare the verbalization
frequency of mother for of comfort
 V/S contractions. delivery. and reduction
taken as in pain.
follows: Provide complete To avoid the
bed rest and do risk of fall.
T: 36.6 C not leave the
patient. To relieve
P: 95 tension and
b/m Provide provide
psychological support.
R: 21 support by
b/m explaining the To enhanced
pain and the the
Bp: mother is going progression of
160/100 to give birth the labor and
mm/hg relieve pain.
Start in oxytocin
as prescribed by
physician.
 NCP ON ANXIETY

Name : Humaira Aslam Medical Diagnosis : Cervical Cancer

Age : 45 Years

ASSESSMENT DIAGNOSIS PLANNING NURSING RATIONAL EVALUATION

INTERVENTIONS
Subjective Data: “Anxiety Short term Monitor V/S Provide baseline After 1 hour
related to Goal: hourly. data. of nursing
“I am tired of my disease interventions
life and having fear process as After 1hour Encourage Provides the client will
that there’s poor evidenced by of nursing patient to opportunity to state that
prognosis.” as fatigue, pallor, intervention share thoughts examine realistic she’s feeling
verbalized by the diminished the client and feelings. fears and much relaxed
patient. productivity, anxiety will misconceptions and
faintness sleep reduce. Provide open about diagnosis. comfortable.
Objective Data: disturbance environment in
and difficulty in Long Term which patient Helps patient feel After 8 hours
 Fatigue concentration. Goal: feels safe to accepted in of nursing
 Pallor ” discuss present condition interventions
 Diminished After 8 feelings or to without the client will
productivity hours refrain from feeling judged able to
 Faintness
of nursing talking. and promotes display
 Sleep
intervention sense of dignity appropriate
disturbance
the client Maintain and control. range of
 Altered level
of will appear frequent feelings and
consciousness relaxed and contact with Provide assurance anxiety
 V/S are as report patient. Talk that the patient is reduced to
follows: anxiety is with and touch not alone and manageable
reduced to patient rejected. levels.
T: 36.9 C a appropriate.
manageable Facilitates rest,
P: 90 b/m level. Promote calm conserves energy,
and quite and may enhance
R: 19 b/m environment. coping abilities

Bp: 105/75
mm/hg