천재(이재영)

고1 영어 5.Our Earth Our Future Our Choice(01)_천재(이재영)

❶ 'not only(just) A but also B'

- 의미 : 1)____________________
- A와 B의 품사에 관계없이 상관접속사로 쓸 수 있으나, A와 B의 2)______가 반드시 같아야 한다.

➋ 관계부사
- 두 문장을 연결하는 접속사와 부사(구)의 역할을 하며 뒤에 3)____________을 이끈다.
- 시간을 나타내는 부사(구)를 대신할 때는 4)________, 장소는 where, 이유는 5)______, 방법은 how를 사용한다.
1) A 뿐만 아니라 B 또한 2) 품사 3) 완전한 절 4) when 5) why

1. zb1 ) 빈칸 ⓐ와 ⓑ에 들어갈 적절한 단어가 순서대로 3. zb3 ) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

배열된 것은?
Dr. Walters: The term "keystone species" was first
Host: Is the keystone species a new term? used by Dr. Robert Paine. He examined food
Dr. Walters: Actually, the term "keystone species" chains on Tatoosh Island in the U.S. state
was first used by Dr. Robert Paine, a zoology of Washington. He observed that diversity
professor, in 1969. He examined food chains decreased during periods when the
on Tatoosh Island in the U.S. state of number of predators decreased. In other
Washington. He observed that diversity words, when fewer predators hunted in the
decreased during periods when the number of system, there was fewer other living
predators decreased. In other words, when ___ things in the ecosystem, too.
ⓐ___ predators hunted in the system, there Host: Did he focus on one particular species?
were ___ⓑ___ other living things in the
Dr. Walters: Yes, he saw that purple sea stars
ecosystem, too.
were very important because they hunt
ⓐ fewer ⓑ fewer ⓐ more ⓑ fewer mussels on Tatoosh Island. When the sea
ⓐ fewer ⓑ more ⓐ more ⓑ little stars were removed, the number of
ⓐ little ⓑ fewer mussels increased greatly. The mussels took
over the area and left little room for other
species. When the sea stars were present,
2. zb2 ) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 어색한 것은? however, the ecosystem where they lived
Host: Are there keystone species all around the remained properly balanced. Many species
world? could live well together. This is why he
called purple sea stars a "keystone species."
Dr. Walters: The term was first used in the US.,
and the elephants I mentioned live in
Africa. But these species are everywhere.
For instance, in Europe, rabbits are a
keystone species.
Host: Rabbits?
Dr. Walters: Yes, scientists have discovered
that the European rabbit is a very
important species in southern Europe.
Host: How so?
Dr. Walters: They keep the ecosystem balanced
in many ways. First, they affect it by eating
plants and spreading their seeds. This
not only creates open spaces but also
help maintain plant diversity.

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4. zb4 ) 다음 글에서 어법상 어색한 것을 고르면? 6. zb6 ) 다음 중 어법상 옳지 않은 것은?

Host: Then, is there anything people can do to
protect keystone species?
Dr. Walters: Yes, there are many things, but the
most important one is to avoid hunting them or
disturbing the ecosystem significantly. Many
elephants in Tanzania, for example, had
disappeared because people have hunted them. We
must also do much more research. This is as
important as not hunting. We must identify the
animals and plants that are keystone species so
that we can better preserve them in the future.
Host: Doing that work sounds very interesting
and rewarding.
Host: Are there Keystone species all around the
world?
Guest: The term was first used in the U.S., and
the elephants I mentioned live in Africa.
But these species are everywhere. For
instance, in Europe, rabbits are a keystone
species.
Host: Rabbits?
Guest: Yes, scientists have discovered that the
European rabbit is a very important
species in southern Europe.
Host: How so?

Dr. Walters: Yes, but it's not easy, and I think Guest: They keep the ecosystem balanced in
this poses a great challenge for today's teens. many ways. First, they affect it by eating
plants and spreading their seeds. This
Host: I'm sure you've been a great inspiration to
not only creates open spaces but also
our listeners. Thank you for being on our show,
helps maintain plant diversity.
Dr. Walters.
Host: Do the rabbits also eat other animals to
Dr. Walters: You're welcome. And feel free to
helping maintain balance?
email me with more questions!
Guest: Actually, in this case, it's the opposite.
Many other animals in the system hunt
the rabbits for food. In other words,
rabbits help many other animal species
5. zb5 ) 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 틀린 것을 고르시오
to survive.

Actually, the term "keystone species" was first

used by Dr. Robert Paine, a zoology professor, in
7. 다음 어법상 틀린 것을 고르면?
1969. He examined food chains on Tatoosh Island
zb7 )

in the U.S. state of Washington. He observed that * A: Dr. Walters, B: Host

diversity decreased during periods when the
number of predators decreased. In other words,
when fewer predators hunted in the system, there
were fewer other living things in the ecosystem,
too. Focused on one particular species, he saw
that purple sea stars were very important because
they hunt mussels on Tatoosh Island. When the
sea stars were removed, the number of
mussels increased greatly. The mussels took over
the area, only to leave little room for other
species. When the sea stars were present,
however, the ecosystem where they lived remained
properly balanced. Many species could live well
together. This is why he called purple sea stars a
"keystone species."
A: It's my pleasure to be here.
B: Dr. Walters, let's get right to the point. What
exactly is a keystone species?
A: Well, it's one species that have a huge
effect on the ecosystem in which it lives.
B: What do you mean?
A: Well, have you ever noticed the keystone on a
stone arch? It's only one stone of many, but
without it, the whole arch would fall.
B: The keystone makes the whole arch stay
strong even though it's only one small stone?
A: It's the same in an ecosystem. An animal might
not be the biggest in size or number, but
without it, the ecosystem would collapse.
B: Oh, you mean that sometimes one stone, or
one species, can be especially important?
A: Exactly.

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Dr. Walters: Yes, but not always. Not just

8. zb8 ) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? meat-eating animals but also plant-eating animals
can be keystone species. Elephants, for instance,
Host: Then, is there anything people can do to
play this role in the Serengeti plains of Tanzania.
protect keystone species?
Elephants eat small trees on the plains. Because
Dr. Walters: Yes, there are many things, but the they're able to knock over the trees and pull the
most important one is to avoid hunting them roots out, elephants prevent the trees from
or disturb the ecosystem significantly. Many growing big.
elephants in Tanzania, for example, have
disappeared because people have hunted them.
We must also do much more research. This
is as important as not hunting. We must
identify the animals and plants that are
keystone species so that we can better
preserve them in the future.
Host: Doing that work sounds very interesting
and rewarding.
Dr. Walters: Yes, but it's not easy, and I think
this poses a great challenge for today's teens.

9. zb9 ) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? 10. zb1 0 ) 다음 밑줄 친 부분이 어법상 잘못된 것은?

Dr. Walters: Actually, the term "keystone It is important not only make plans but also to
species" was first used by Dr. Robert Paine, a put them into action.
zoology professor, in 1969. He examined food
The food in this restaurant is not only cheap
chains on Tatoosh Island in the U.S. state of
but also delicious.
Washington. He observed that diversity decreased
Do you know the hospital in which Jane was
during periods when the number of predators
born?
decreased. In other words, when fewer predators
are hunted in the system, there were fewer I realized that the food which I ate yesterday
other living things in the ecosystem, too. was rotten.
Seoul is the city where the World Cup was held
Host: Did he focus on one particular species?
15 years ago.
Dr. Walters: Yes, he saw that purple sea stars
were very important because they hunt mussels
on Tatoosh Island. When the sea stars were
removed, the number of mussels increased
greatly. The mussels took over the area and left
little room for other species. When the sea stars
were present, however, the ecosystem which
they lived in remained properly balanced. Many
species could live well together. This is the
reason he called purple sea star a "keystone
species."

Host: So, a keystone animal eats other animals,

right?

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11.
zb1 1 ) 아래의 빈칸 (A), (B), (C)에 들어가기에 알맞은 12. zb1 2 ) ⓐ ~ ⓔ 중 어법 상 틀린 것은?
것은? A: Then, is there anything people can do to
Dr. Walters : It's my pleasure to be here. protect keystone species?

Host : Dr. Walters, let's get right to the point B: Yes, there are many things, but the most
what exactly is a keystone species? important one is ⓐto avoid hunting them or
disturbing the ecosystem significantly. Many
Dr. Walters : Well, it's one species ( A ) has a
elephants in Tanzania, for example, have
huge effect on the ecosystem ( B )
disappeared because people have hunted them.
it lives.
We must also do ⓑmuch more research. This
Host : What do you mean?
is as important as not hunting. We must
Dr. Walters : Well, have you ever not iced the identify the animals and plants that are
keystone on a stone arch? It's only keystone species so that we can better
one stone of many, but without it, preserve them in the future.
the whole arch would fall.
A: Doing that work ⓒsound very interesting and
Host : The keystone makes the whole arch stay rewarding.
strong even though it's only small stone?
B: Yes, but it’s not easy, and I think this ⓓposes
Dr. Walters : It's the same in an ecosystem. An a great challenge for today’s teens.
animal might not be the biggest in
A: I’m sure you’ve been a great inspiration to our
size or number, but without it, the listeners. Thank you for being on our show,
ecosystem would collapse.
Dr. Walters.
Host : Oh, you mean ( C ) sometimes one stone,
B: You’re welcome. And feel free ⓔto email me
or one species, can be especially
with more questions!
important?
ⓐ ⓑ
Dr. Walters : Exactly.
ⓒ ⓓ
(A) (B) (C)
ⓔ
that … which … that
whom … where … which
that … where … that
whom … which … where
where … that … which

13. zb1 3 ) 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?

Here's what removing the trees does. It helps

the grass grow freely and becomes food for
animals such as antelopes and zebras. Smaller
animals such as mice can also make their homes
in the dry soil warmed by sunlight. In turn,
predators such as lions and hyenas depend on all
these animals for food. The ecosystem is
balanced and able to maintain many species. In
this situation, the elephants are the keystone
species because without them, the ecosystem
would change.

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14.
zb1 4 ) 밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓒ의 형태가 어법 상 올바른 것으로 (A) (B) (C)
짝지어진 것은? become … warming … it
Host: Is this a new term? becomes … warmed … them
Dr. Walters: Actually, the term “keystone species” become … warmed … them
was first used by Dr. Robert Paine, a zoology becomes … warming … them
professor, in 1969. He examined food chains
become … warmed … it
on Tatoosh Island in the U.S. state of
Washington. He observed that diversity
decreased during periods when ⓐ a number of
/the number of predators decreased. In other
words, when fewer predators hunted in the
system, there were fewer other living things in
the ecosystem, too.
Host: Did he focus on one particular species?
Dr. Walters: yes, he saw that purple sea stars
were very important because they hunt
mussels on Tatoosh Island. When the sea stars
were ⓑ removing/removed, the number of 16. zb1 6 ) (a)~(c)에 어법에 맞는 표현으로 짝지은 것은?
mussels increased greatly. The mussels took
Host : Then, is there anything people can do to
over the area and left little room for other
protect keystone species?
species. When the sea stars were present,
However, the ecosystem ⓒwhere/which they Dr. Walters: Yes, there are many things, but the
lived remained properly balanced. Many most important one is to avoid
species could live well together. This is why he hunting them or (a)disturbing/ to
called purple sea stars a “keystone species.” disturb the ecosystem significantly.
Many elephants in Tanzania, for
ⓐ ⓑ ⓒ
example, have disappeared because
a number of … removing … where
people have hunted them. We must
a number of … removed … which also do much more research. This is
the number of … removing … which as important as not hunting. We must
the number of … removed … where identify the animals and plants
(b)what/that are keystone species so
the number of … removing … where
that we can better preserve them in
the future.
Host : Doing that work sounds very interesting
15. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 (A), (B), (C)에서 어법상 맞는
and rewarding.
zb1 5 )

표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Dr. Walters: Yes, but it’s not easy, and I think
Host : Well, Dr. Walters, I don't get it. How does
this poses a great challenge for
removing the trees help the ecosystem?
today’s teens.
Dr. Walters : OK, here's what removing the trees
Host : I’m sure you’ve been a great inspiration to
does. It helps the grass grow freely and (A)
our listeners. Thank you (c)for being/to be
become / becomes food for animals such as
on our show, Dr. Walters.
antelopes and zebras. Smaller animals such as
Dr. Walters: : You’re welcome. And feel free to
mice can also make their homes in the dry soil
email me with more questions!
(B) warming / warmed by sunlight. In turn,
predators such as lions and hyenas depend on all disturbing – what – for being
these animals for food. The ecosystem is balanced disturbing – that – to be
and able to maintain many species. In this disturbing – that – for being
situation, the elephants are the keystone species
to disturb – what – for being
because without (C) it / them, the ecosystem
to disturb – that – to be
would change.

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17.
zb1 7 ) 빈칸에 들어갈 말이 나머지와 다른 하나는?
The treatment will continue until the patient
reaches the point _____ he can walk correctly
and safely.
I would recommend a cinema _____ old movies
are shown regularly.
Jack was driving by the buildings _____ Andy
had described.
I saw a picture _____ a sea turtle was kept in a
large plastic container.
There is no trace of the house _____ the
grandparents lived for more than 40 years.
19. zb1 9 ) 아래 문장의 빈칸에 들어갈 말이 나머지 넷과 다
른 것은?
I would recommend a cinema _____ old movies
are shown regularly.
There is a great amusement park _____ you can
reach in half an hour.
I know of a new park _____ you can not only
play sports but also relax.
We found a great place _____ we could hang out
together in our leisure time.
When the sea stars were present, the ecosystem
_____ they lived remained properly balanced.

18. 다음 전체 맥락을 고려하였을 때, 밑줄 친 부분

20.
zb1 8 )

중 어법상 옳은 것은? zb2 0 ) 다음 중 어법 상 어색한 부분이 있는 문장은?

Whales, the largest animals on earth, swim to Diversity decreased during periods which the
the deepest parts of the sea to feed and come up number of predators decreased.
to the surface to breathe. While being near the We found a great place where we could hang out
surface, they release waste from their body. This together in our leisure time.
way, they bring essential nutrients from the deep
There is a great amusement park which you can
sea to the surface waters. These nutrients form
reach in half an hour.
the base of all marine food chains and help the
He will let you know the place where you can
marine ecosystem running.
stay in the summer.
Whales are also really important after they die.
You need to fill out the form which is written in
The dead body, also called whale fall, sink
English.
toward the bottom of the sea and becomes food
for many fish species that live in the harsh
conditions of the sea floor. In addition, the dead
body is good for the environment. As it has a lot
of carbon in it, by sinking it to the sea floor, it
keeps the carbon our of the atmosphere.
According to marine scientists, the amount of
carbon that whales take to the bottom of the sea
is about 190,000 tons annually, which equal the
amount of carbon produced by 80,000 cars.

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[정답]
[해설] [not only A but also B]는 상관접속사라고 불리며
'A뿐만 아니라 B도'라는 뜻으로 해석한다. 이때 접속하
1) 는 두 가지 항목이 같은 품사여야 하고, 가주어 it에 대
[정답] 한 진주어 역할을 해야 하므로 to make가 적절하다.
[해설] 앞 문장에서 포식자의 수가 감소할 때 다양성도 줄어
든다고 언급되어 있으므로, 더 적은(fewer) 수의 포식 11)
자가 사냥을 할 때, 그 생태계 내에서 더 적은(fewer) [정답]
수의 생물이 존재한다는 의미가 되어야 한다. [해설] (A)사물을 나타내는 one species를 선행사로 하고,
관계대명사 절에서 주어 역할을 하고 있으므로 주격 관
2) 계대명사 that이 알맞다. (B)뒤에 완전한 문장이 이어지
[정답] 고 있으므로 관계부사 where이 알맞다. (C)뒤에 완전
[해설] help → helps: [not only A but also B] 구문에서 한 문장이 이어지고, 동사 mean의 목적어 역할을 하는
A는 creates이므로 B는 이와 같은 형태인 helps를 써 명사절을 이끌어야 하므로 접속사 that이 알맞다.
야 한다.
12)
3) [정답]
[정답] [해설] sound는 문장의 동사이다. 주어가 doing으로 동명사
[해설] was → were: 문장의 주어가 fewer other living 이며 단수이므로 sounds가 되어야 한다.
things로 복수명사이므로 복수동사 were을 쓴다.
13)
4) [정답]
[정답] [해설] help는 목적격 보어로 동사원형을 취할 수 있다. 이
[해설] 사람들의 사냥으로 탄자니아의 많은 코끼리가 과거부 때 grow와 접속사 and로 연결되어 병렬 구조를 이루
터 현재까지 사라져 온 것이므로 현재완료 have 고, help의 목적격 보어 역할을 해야 하기 때문에 동사
disappeared가 적절하다. 원형 become이 적절하다.

5) 14)
[정답] [정답]
[해설] "그가 (직접) 하나의 특정 종에 초점을 맞추면서(집중 [해설] ⓐ는 많은 포식자가 아니라 포식자의 수 이므로 the
하면서), 자주색 불가사리들이 Tatoosh 섬에서 홍합을 number of가 적절하며, ⓑ는 문맥상 불가사리가 제거
잡아먹기 때문에 매우 중요하다는 것을 발견했다."라는 하는 것이 아니라 제거되는 것이므로 removed가 적절
의미로 "As he focused on one particular species" 하다. ⓒ는 뒷문장이 완벽하므로 관계부사 where이 들
의 "부사절"이 바뀐 "분사구문"인 "Focusing on ~"으로 어가야 한다.
바꿔야 한다. ("접속사 As"와 주절과 동일한 "주어 he"
를 생략하고 "동사 focused"는 "현재분사 Focusing"으 15)
로 바꾸는 것이 적절하다.) [정답]
[해설] (A)help는 목적격 보어로 동사원형을 취할 수 있다.
6) 이때 grow와 접속사 and로 연결되어 병렬 구조를 이
[정답] 루고, help의 목적격 보어 역할을 해야 하기 때문에 동
[해설] ‘균형을 유지하는 것을 돕기 위해 토끼들도 다른 동 사원형 become이 적절하다. (B)'마른 흙이 따뜻해진'
물들을 먹기도 하나요?’라는 의미로 목적을 의미하는 수동의 의미이므로 과거분사형 warmed가 적절하다.
to부정사 형태로 고쳐야 한다. (C)복수 명사인 the elephants를 가리키기 때문에
them이 적절하다.
7)
[정답] 16)
[해설] 선행사 one species가 3인칭 단수이므로 관계대명사 [정답]
절 안의 동사도 이에 수일치 해 has가 적절하다. [해설] (a) avoid 뒤에 목적어로 – ing를 쓰며 hunting과
병렬구조를 이루므로 disturbing을 쓴다. (c) 주격 관계
8)
대명사가 필요하므로 that을 쓴다. (d) thank A for –
[정답]
ing A가 ~한 것에 감사하다.
[해설] avoid의 목적어인 동명사 hunting과 접속사 or로 연
결되어 병렬구조를 이루므로 disturbing으로 고쳐야 한 17)
다. [정답]
[해설] 빈칸 뒤의 문장이 불완전하므로 관계대명사 which
9)
가 와야 한다. 나머지 보기들의 빈칸에는 관계부사
[정답]
where이 적절하다.
[해설] 포식자가 사냥을 하는 것이므로 능동형 hunted로 고
쳐야 한다. 시제는 과거로 일치시켜야 한다. 18)
[정답]
10)

◇「콘텐츠산업 진흥법 시행령」제33조에 의한 표시

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3) 이 콘텐츠는 「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」에 따라 최초 제작
일부터 5년간 보호됩니다.
◇「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」외에도「저작권법」에 의하여 보호되는 콘텐츠의 경우, 그 콘텐츠의 전부 - 7 -
또는 일부를 무단으로 복제하거나 전송하는 것은 콘텐츠산업 진흥법 외에도 저작권법에 의한 법
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천재(이재영) [문법 공략] 5.Our Earth Our Future Our Choice(01)_천재(이재영)

[해설] [help + 목적어 + 동사원형] 구조가 되어야 한다.

주어는 the dead body이므로 3인칭 단수이므로 동
사도 단수 동사 sinks를 쓴다. '가라앉음으로써'라는
의미가 되므로 목적어 it은 필요 없다. 주어는 the
amount of carbon이므로 3인칭 단수이고 관계대명사
절의 동사는 단수 동사 equals를 쓴다.
만점공략

밑줄 부분이 길기 때문에 집중하며 문제를 풀어나가야

한다. 특히 분사구문, help 5형식 문장의 어형, 수일치
에 대해 유의하며 문제를 풀어야 한다.

19)
[정답]
[해설] , , , 는 관계사절이 완전한 문장으로 관계
부사 where을 쓰고, 는 관계사절이 목적어가 없는
불완전한 문장으로 목적격 관계대명사 which(that)을
쓴다.

20)
[정답]
[해설] 관계대명사 which 다음에 오는 문장은 주어나 목적
어가 없는 불완전한 문장이어야 하는데 에서는 완전
한 문장이 오기 때문에 어법 상 옳지 않다.

◇「콘텐츠산업 진흥법 시행령」제33조에 의한 표시

1) 제작연월일 : 2023-06-16 2) 제작자 : 교육지대㈜
3) 이 콘텐츠는 「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」에 따라 최초 제작
일부터 5년간 보호됩니다.
◇「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」외에도「저작권법」에 의하여 보호되는 콘텐츠의 경우, 그 콘텐츠의 전부 - 8 -
또는 일부를 무단으로 복제하거나 전송하는 것은 콘텐츠산업 진흥법 외에도 저작권법에 의한 법
적 책임을 질 수 있습니다.

I410-ECN-0199-2023-001-000255116