Name: ________________________________ Date: _______________________

Year/Section: ___________________________ Score: ______________________

ACTIVITY 1
Science 10/Quarter 3/Week 1

Objective:
1. Identify the parts of the nervous system.
2. Explain how the body processes are controlled through the nervous system.

Subject Matter: THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

Curriculum Code: S10LTIIIa-33

Your nervous system connects all your body parts and transmits signals from one part to
another. It is a system of cells, tissues, and organs that regulates the body’s responses to internal
and external stimuli. Each part of the nervous system has a specific role as it functions as an
important part of a system.

Major Divisions and Parts of the Nervous System

1. Central Nervous System (CNS)
The CNS serves as the main processing center for the entire nervous system. It consists of
two main components, namely the:
a. Brain
This is an organ located within the skull that functions as organizer and distributor of
information for the body. It has three main parts:
Cerebrum – large, upper part of the brain that controls activity and thought.
Cerebellum – the part under the cerebrum that controls posture, balance, and
coordination.
Brain Stem – the part that connects the brain to the spinal cord and controls automatic
functions such as breathing, digestion, heart rate, and blood pressure.
b. Spinal Cord
This serves as a channel for signals between the brain and the rest of the body, and
controls simple musculoskeletal reflexes without input from the brain.
2. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
The PNS connects the central nervous system to the organs and limbs. It has two main
divisions:
a. Somatic Nervous System
This system is associated with the voluntary control of body movements and has two main
parts:
Spinal Nerves – the nerves that carry motor and sensory signals between the spinal cord
and the body.
Cranial Nerves – the nerve fibers that carry information into and out of the brain stem
b. Autonomic Nervous System
This system is associated with the involuntary control of body movements and has two
subdivisions:
Sympathetic - it is activated when the body is in a dynamic role or stress. (e.g., increased
heart rate and breathing, dilation of pupil, sweating, etc.)
Parasympathetic - it maintains body functions and restores the body to normal or relaxed
mode.
Procedure:

Using the given graphic organizer, fill in the missing parts to complete the entire concept
showing the structure of the nervous system.

Main Divisions

Main Components Main Divisions

Somatic
Brain Nervous
System

Main Parts

Subdivisions

Main Parts

Guide Questions:

1. How will you differentiate the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous
System (PNS) in terms of their functions?
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2. What might happen to the human body if one part of the nervous system fails to carry out
its function properly?
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3. Why does the damage in the nervous system cause paralysis of the body?
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 4. What public health care programs in your locality are geared towards dealing with health
issues concerning the nervous system?
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ACTIVITY 2

Objective:
1. Identify the major endocrine glands in the human body and their functions.

Subject Matter: THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Curriculum Code: S10LTIIIa-33

Endocrine Glands and Their Hormones

The endocrine system contains a group of glands that release hormones into the body. The
following table lists all the major glands in the body, with their functions, locations, and the
hormones they release.
Gland Location Hormones Released Function
Oxytocin, Vasopressin,
Growth Hormone,
Adrenocorticotropic
Pituitary at the base of the brain Hormone (ACTH), stimulates growth, and
Prolactin, Luteinizing controls the functions of
Hormone, Follicle other glands
Stimulating Hormone
(FSH)
regulates body
Thyroid below the voice box Thyroxin, Calcitonin metabolism, and causes
storage of calcium in
bones
controls the calcium
Parathyroid in the neck Parathyromone levels in your body, and
normalizes bone growth
enables the body to
Thymus in front of the heart Thymosin produce certain
antibodies
prepares the body for
action, controls the
Adrenal on top of the kidneys Adrenaline heart rate and breathing
in times of emergency
Pancreas between the kidneys Insulin, Glucagon regulates blood sugar
levels
Reproductive
-Testes lower abdomen Androgen, Testosterone control maturation and
(Males) male characteristics
Estrogen, Progesterone
-Ovaries lower abdomen
(Females) influence female traits,
and support
reproductive function
Procedure:

Study each picture that depicts the involvement of a particular gland in the endocrine
system. Write down the name of the endocrine gland and explain its effect, according to its
functions.

Example 1. 2.

Thyroid Gland
It regulates the
metabolism of
the body.

3. Athletes burn up 4. 4. A pregnant woman 5. 5.A boy running away

calories during exercise from danger

A kid growing taller A sick person in bed A girl eating sweets

Guide Questions:

1. Which gland of the endocrine and nervous system controls the other glands in the body?
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2. How will you differentiate thyroid and parathyroid glands in terms of location and function?
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3. If a person’s blood sugar level becomes unstable, what glands might be involved in the
problem?
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4. How important is the thymus gland in keeping your body free from diseases?
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5. What might happen to a person born without a thymus gland?
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6. How will you explain the sudden boost of energy, increased strength and extraordinary
ability to lift very heavy objects especially during emergency situations?
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7. Why is injecting insulin an essential part of the daily regime for most people with diabetes?
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8. Why does the menstrual cycle stop during menopause?
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9. How do oral contraceptives, specifically birth control pills, prevent pregnancy?
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10. Breastfeeding releases oxytocin and prolactin, hormones that relax the mother and make
her feel more nurturing toward her baby. On the other hand, how does the baby benefit
from the production of these hormones in the mother’s body?
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ACTIVITY 3
Objective:
1. Explain the effect of a particular hormone in the body if not properly regulated.

Subject Matter: THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Curriculum Code: S10LTIIIa-33

Procedure:

1. Identify which gland in the endocrine system is involved in each dysfunction and explain
the effect of hormonal imbalance that was observed.

Dwarfism
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 Gigantism
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Goiter
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2. Write a one-paragraph essay about how one of these conditions will affect your life if you
have dysfunction due to the effect of hormonal imbalance.

Guide Questions:

1. What condition may arise if the pituitary gland is not producing enough growth hormones?
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2. What will happen to a person with excessive secretion of growth hormones from the
pituitary gland?
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3. Why is there a noticeable swelling in the front part of the neck of a person who has goiter?
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4. How does using iodized salt help in preventing thyroid problems?
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5. How does the medical condition of a person with endocrine dysfunction affect his or her
way of life?
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Assessment:

Direction: Write the letter of the correct/best answer on the space provided before the number.

____ 1. What is the main function of the nervous system?

A. Absorb nutrients for energy C. Remove waste from cells
B. Deliver messages to the brain D. Deliver oxygen to different parts of the body
____ 2. What are the three main parts of the brain?
A. Brain, spinal cord, nerves C. Cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem
B. Blood, blood vessels, heart D. Adrenal, pituitary, thyroid
____ 3. A nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system is called _______.
A. axon B. brain C. neuron D. spinal cord
____ 4. What gland is known as the master gland?
A. Adrenal B. Pituitary C. Thymus D. Thyroid
____ 5. The chemical product of an endocrine gland is called a/n __________.
A. blood B. germ cell C. hormone D. nerve cell
____ 6. What hormone is responsible for the “fight or flight” response?
A. Adrenaline B. Cortisol C. Insulin D. Oxytocin
____ 7. Which part of the nervous system made of the brain and spinal cord?
A. Autonomic Nervous System C. Peripheral Nervous System
B. Central Nervous System D. Somatic Nervous System
____ 8. It is a part of the brain that is responsible in controlling activity and thought.
A. Brain B. Brain Stem C. Cerebrum D. Cerebellum
____ 9. Nerve cells tell muscles what to do by using _______________.
A. plasma B. red blood cells C. the digestive system D. electrical
impulses
____10. The spinal cord is protected by the _________.
A. lungs B. rib cage C. skull D. vertebrae
____11. A channel for signals between the brain and the rest of the body.
A. Cranial Nerves B. Neurons C. Spinal Cord D. Spinal Nerves
____12. The part of the brain that connects the brain to the spinal cord.
A. Brain Stem B. Cerebrum C. Cerebellum D. Spinal Nerves
____13. Adrenal Gland releases hormone responsible for __________.
A. regulating blood sugar levels
B. enabling body to produce certain antibodies
C. controlling heart rate and breathing in times of emergency
D. regulating body metabolism and causes storage of calcium in the bodies
____14. In what way do the Nervous System (NS) and Endocrine System (ES) differ in the way
they
 communicate messages throughout the body?
A. NS connects all body parts and transmit signals from one part to another while ES
secretes only hormones.
B. NS connects body parts, transmits signals and gives instant responses while ES sends
signal all over the body but the effects can take a few hours or even weeks.
C. Both NS and ES releases hormones in order for the body to function well.
D. NS serves as controller while ES serves as receiver of information.
____15. How does the central nervous system function similarly to the central processing unit of a
computer?
A. It activates the body when in a dynamic role or stress.
B. It is associated with the voluntary control of the body movements.
C. It serves as the main processing center of the entire nervous system.
D. It maintains the body functions and restores the body to normal or relaxed mode.