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Mode 4 musk be coumected 4o (a-1) node ede a must be commeected 49 (u-1) nodes , & -fually wode « nuust be commeeted [W-1) wodes + te vaed wlan phy al tinker, sy cocle phys { otk diwe® (duples vode ese oe ak ations Cae david ta oO 9, Link 2 / . pease smears tad afl nd tiake to actommodate rat pay Links, ere levis | OF ae who wast \hawe Caer) fp lole (ale) povtr to be commecled to Hits othan (u-s} Stations,3. Show topology: A sho bpeloqy tesr expeasive -Hhow a presk topele: tack device wards owl f a al te Val & om 80 Povl to commect a te any uo gotham LFS cary dor sashatl B Comfequne der cabling weds to be roused addikiont, power, deletions, iavolve only ome towecbion ¢ ble that devi § Ae hub + Disadvantage 2] ster topology aapeadeney of whole t \, a sgt hub ye down, the whole topology on saps 8 dead ne Mteoug ls a stor equiv + tess cable tron a muh, tot ods put be boked fs aequined ya shan thaw we Some other Aopelogier (ppogl tub a Oo canteral bub. of ben more cabling, 5. 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A msg mompalty docs wot confain “ony hie Ht ol a ; 7 08 oe dow, we oer to Ane whole o ths mg othe ee, ped to Rae ctraspent aye. + The Avonsport le states Me me the if loys Nhe oy pasload, the load that He transport toyt should Wee cone qu addy the HAonsport toner headin to the potent ruahich confor the, s eee Some & destinars the vresull 36 The trons part toy packet. wshich 33 called the seqnent & the ser data gran tromapart Cop than posses the omg Ao the vahsork cs baits wehwork Aokes tee Honspert le ackt aa data & odd As own ec mend Baisds tontams the addwers a He Soua & dase? esky @ some mone inforpe? wed Lov urvor checking a the Wada, fraguerts™ iapype” & se on Me weauld inthe ND Lays packet Called o date qpon athe who Lepr Been poset “the packet fo the data tok Loy Js the date Usk layer cakes the lio (ayer packet os data § odd its own Weoden, shich contain He Bark leaps adders ot “pha hort ot the router The ereulk is Whe ake longer paket wakich is coatld frome The dframe is posed to the pyre! tayo for shoepision Decapsute? at The Be bra? Host LM tke destinen hosts tach layr only dicaprutates Pe packet ereuived removes The resend WP altde a ad to the her Lor prottoco antl ake mg veaches The applica” layer TA As wacessaty to Say that decapsuter in the het wolves eo “—§| hort prodel i werd vpn Sevhol Aranrport Jp r E presenter, ave yaittivg from ° The appli ea” Lagarts ee eorbino af ae three Ley Inthe OFT prodel the a ap bar pove than ons hansport 1A protocel Some qe sencbonalily qi Sesston toys. ane avoiboble im Sor Raupot tL hero! rere Se +The “opplesan lage is wot only one * | so ues Meat ayplice ton be developed in layer 2] some e/ the Heschonaliher paabion in the session & “py vom Nougat ore wanda for a paatirulas applica, thay tom be twrluded fin the developpaunt a) Val pleee of #2{hoore Explain the diftwest ebook -hiper with suileble Aiagqnom There ove 0 Lypes ‘Len 2 wna C2 Peet te pore Switched SIET 12oral avea neksork Cnn) JA some hots in single a) a sinql “ vo Bach hot ino el has an id usiquily dafines the host iw Hae Lan. 8 pad jo mother host carries both the souva host's £ col area wlw isu pats adden J. puviovsly all hosts too le common Cable ,whith meant that a packe host fo amotha was creuived by all hosts + pdous, ros Lanis uses sprark tonmeck cwitch pvhich is able to recognize the dieshine™ address | Wee packet & quide the packet Fo its clestney without seedag it te all othe horls Ses eey fod Lan _with a common cable (pat) Hooks tort 4 wore Conmec ted Berough a 1 send from one Host Susite hy, Ba & Bw SS SS Hort & Hort a Hort & n ho switch Le 4) Bont Eesha gente Degthe e Aol fod oi eSUli Ae ones welsork (wan) : as also on inlertonnerkion 4 duis capable i A wan Communica , “wo hyper of want ey 1s a nehoorls that connects [toe Commuricating devices cHevough a dranspission mech a te OS a. whe Conmeckag Comey rehert Geile” @) poind =fo~ pant divie . G) poiattpoint wanis wos Switched WAN, Tivo nebsowk with more then two ends, used tn the backbone ql global comune’, This a eombinan Bf Several point-to-point wen hat oa cone cled whet is Switching. Explain different types a4 Switched who fie internel is a Suitched webwor tm which a switch tommects at Leart two Luks dogutha. A cwileh muads to Howard date froma nihvork te another nehuork whin sequined. the two Apes 8{ suitched nehoork oe Q) Cutt -swilched Gi Pocked-swilehed (ceva -suaitehed quetoyk * dat us consider hwo cares, one be Ye the iret case call taeghent at one st éour people at Une ie fully wed + Tn second ced. to 0 home sel at the other side Qe capacity a he Ahscle ine ie ured a cht switched who 16 fptciest only woken Ws full capacity mort gf the ime, working at pabal Copacdy : wow capacly un da is conned one-fourth pcos thot tz only one f working al seat Because sb is Susiteh @ ctrevibswilelad weloork 1) packet -swikbed Nckoosle on + Router mo packet sited watvork has a quent Stove & fovword the packet jee The capa J Pissume that the capachy wily ay datas tine connecbog tS i ay shoo Computers mead to Commmmuice Limene is no wai bug ow he packets ere is ne oT a ak cow a te bw re) : he computers croulew. i te with each other+ TY parkele arm alnrady al rhing afult capa stored” & forwarded in the ovden v Nhat packet - switched hen a cht -suilched nelwork Some clay ba arerive shows ght moe bat packets ou amcounder Exploin Tater with suilable degron An internal is wo a more nbo that bean communicate wilh cock oft “The enast potable internal it cotled tha” Talewe tt & ts composed 4 thousands 4 interconnected nehoorks The figure shows the conerplual view a) the © current Custom Herweek ‘Internal Corrome® Newore, Customer MetuorK deetworie reeeine pow Peovaoee Netui0ee, Coramed Concepheat vies tetereet +The ae Customer nehoorh svat backbones , + M the -f0p lent, the prowSomme Com ATE aud +The back bome Swilthiug systems oM a Serou sdew wahsorks , +The provides nehuorks ave com Ho otkew qrovidin nehoorls 4 The Customur nelworks one veluovb Fin poy fees 4 previdie ls ow veueving seis s Packbons & providir whoork ave alto Caled jnleenst styles sProwdies Gsps), Backbones ove ajtem aetereed as international Tsp & provide Explor the principle 2 protocal nies \. Companies such O84 Sarde t) we oda spyollin Whe sewvius backbones {he edge a the inten He 48 prinaple dictates thet we want bids crttaon ,we weed +o make tach ce so het to yerforrn wo opposite dusks, ome tm diver” jor wes the 4 lage cake co isle & datls nthe we needs to be able to emenypl & deny pt thy “ rends to send & mail Steud _sprinaplts ob grinnple is that we nud to toblow tm -protocel logsteg 8 thet the shoe objets uvden tad Lagat af both sites should be tdentcal der ger, the object vudey our 3 at both sides should be ao plain tert Letter the object unde lay 9 at both sides should be ciphertext letter. “the object under lager at both sides chould be a piece 4 mail SIET 17