Week 2_Road half angle RIICWD508E Rural road design

RIICWD508D Prepare detailed design of rural roads

Week 2

ROAD HALF ANGLE

Sydney Institute of Technology

Ultimo TAFE NSW

2022

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Week 2_Road half angle RIICWD508E Rural road design

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Week 2_Road half angle RIICWD508E Rural road design

ROAD HALF ANGLE

1 Road half angle rules

1.1 Rule 1

In any continuous parallel-sided figure of constant width (15 m), the line (CF) joining the
two intersection points (C & F) at an angle (ACB or AFE) bisects the angle at the
intersection (ACB and DFE), i e two half angles are formed (ACF and BCF or, DFG and
EFG).

1.2 Rule 2

On either side of this half-angle line there are two right-angled triangles, which are
congruent, i e equal in all respects.

1.3 Rule 3

Area of even width continuous parallel-sided figure = ½ (The sum of the parallel sides) x
(perpendicular distance between them).

In the figure below, area ACBEFD = ½ (AC + BC + DF + FE) x 15.

C

Ø Ø

A
15
WID
IDE E
15 W B
F

2 Methods of solving road half angle problems

Road half angle related problems can be solved using two methods: (i) Geometrical and
trigonometric principles and (ii) Formula

2.1 Geometrical and trigonometric principles

To apply the principles of geometry and trigonometry,

the following relationships are useful iIn the right-
angled triangle ABC,

sin  = Opposite side/Hypotenuse = AB/AC (SOH)

cos  = Adjacent side/Hypotenuse = BC/AC (CAH)

tan  = Opposite side/Adjacent side = AB/BC (TOA)

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Week 2_Road half angle RIICWD508E Rural road design

2.2 Road half-angle formula

Notes:

 Radiations are the line drawn from intersection point, e.g., line FC

 Offset distance is the distance such as “x”

x
C

Ø Ø

A
15
WID
IDE E
15 W B
F

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Week 2_Road half angle RIICWD508E Rural road design

3 Examples
Example 1

Calculate the offset distance x in the following figures.

(a)
x
C
G
A y
B
IDE
20 W
F
144° 16' 40"
D
E
Example 2 (a)

(b) x
C
G
A
B
E
20 WID
31° 31' 30"
F
D
E
Example 2

Calculate the offset distance x and the half angle

(a) x
C
G
A y
B
IDE
20 W
F
144° 16' 40"
D
E
(b)
x
C
G
A
B
E
20 WID
31° 31' 30"
F
D
E

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Week 2_Road half angle RIICWD508E Rural road design

Example 3

Calculate the area of the road reserved.

50 m
20
WI m

09
DE 28
21.284

.3
20
m
732
48. 50 m
m
74
430

Example 4

Determine the length CD, DE, EF, FA, BE and the area ABCDEF.

B 128
95 .26
83.7 1
A
IDE 120° C
20 W 01' 4
0"
20"
08' 42° 2
24° E 9' 40"
F
D

Example 5

The following sketch of proposed parallel reserve to be pegged by a surveyor.

Calculate the bearing and distance of BE and the distance of AD, CF, DE and EF and also
the area of the reserve. The direction of North is generally towards the top of the page.

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Week 2_Road half angle RIICWD508E Rural road design

4 Exercises
Exercise 1

Determine the length AB, DE, EF, FG, BG, CF, AH and the area ABCDEFGH.

Exercise 2

The following sketch is of proposed parallel reserve to be pegged by a surveyor.

Calculate the bearing and distance of BI, CH and DG and the distance of AJ, EF, FG, GH,
HI and IJ and also the area of the reserve.

The direction of North is generally towards the top of the page.

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Week 2_Road half angle RIICWD508E Rural road design

Exercise 3

The sketch below shows a proposed road reserve passing through Portion 51. Calculate
the following:

(i) The bearing and distance of the radiations AJ, BI, CH, DG and EF.
(ii) The distance of JI, IH, HG and GF.
(iii) The area of the road reserve.

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