American Bank Note Company Printing Plant

The American Bank Note Company Printing Plant is a repurposed printing plant in the
Hunts Point neighborhood of the Bronx in New York City. The main structure includes three
American Bank Note Company
Printing Plant
interconnected buildings.[note 1] The Lafayette wing, spanning the south side of the block, is
the longest and tallest, incorporating an entrance at the base of a nine-story tower. The lower,
but more massive, Garrison wing is perpendicular. These two were built first, and constitute
the bulk of the complex. Prior to American Bank Note purchasing the property, the land on
which the printing plant was built had been part of Edward G. Faile's estate.

The plant was built in 1909–1911 by the American Bank Note Company contemporaneously
with their corporate headquarters at 70 Broad Street, Manhattan. The design by Kirby, Petit &
Green (who also designed the Broad Street building) incorporated advanced engineering ideas
Hunts Point is a neighborhood View from Lafayette Avenue looking west
such as the sawtooth roof and large windows for improved lighting, unit drive electric motors
located on a peninsula in the
in lieu of line shafts, and increased electrical capacity; layout was based on a design
South Bronx of New York City.
philosophy of specifying the production lines first, followed by the building which could
It is the location of one of the
enclose them. A small detached garage at the rear of the block was added in approximately
largest food distribution facilities
1911 and the Barretto wing was added to the west side of the property in 1912. Several
in the world, the Hunts Point
building expansions took place between 1912 and 1928.
Cooperative Market. Its
boundaries
A wide variety of financial documents, including international currency, are atthethe Bruckner
were printed
plant. At one point, over five million documents were produced per day, includingto half
Expressway thethewest and
securities being traded on the New York Stock Exchange. Although the plant printed money
Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap
for countries around the world, it was best known for producing currencies for countries in
Latin America. The plant also housed a research department which worked to improve Alternative American Bank Note
materials and processes to deter forgeries. names Company Building
General information
The plant was the target of a terrorist bombing in 1977 with the site chosen specifically
Type Printing plant
because it was printing currency for Latin American countries. The facility was used by
Architectural Gothic-inspired
American Bank Note until about 1984 after which the property has changed hands several
style
times, undergone a series of renovations, and been designated a New York City landmark. As
of 2024 it has been subdivided, with major tenants including the John V. Lindsay Wildcat Location Hunts Point, the
Academy Charter School and the New York City Human Resources Administration. Bronx, New York City
Address 1201 Lafayette Avenue,
Previous land use Bronx, NY 10474
United States
Until the late 19th century, the land where the plant stands was part of the village of West Coordinates 40°49′01″N 73°53′26″W
Farms in Westchester County.[1] The area that is now the Barretto Street block was part of the
Construction 1909
85-acre (34 ha)[2] estate of wealthy tea merchant Edward G. Faile, where the Faile Mansion
started
(known as Woodside) was built in 1832.[3]
Completed 1911
The area was annexed to New York City in 1874.[4] In 1904, the estate was sold to the Central Technical details
Realty, Bond & Trust Company for about $1 million (equivalent to $32.6 million in 2022), Floor count 6
[note 2] including 1,299 lots "bounded by Dongan Street, Intervale Avenue, Southern Boulevard,
Floor area 405,000 square feet
Longwood Avenue, Lafayette Avenue, Hunt's Point Road, Gilbert Place, and the Bronx River".
[5] In September 1908, a portion of the estate comprising "over 400 lots" was acquired by the (37,600 m2)

George F. Johnson's Sons Company, a real-estate developer building two-family houses in the Design and construction
Bronx.[6] In November of that year, 123 lots were resold to American Bank Note, including Architecture Kirby, Petit & Green
"all the property on the northerly side of Lafayette Ave, from Manida St. to the tracks of the �irm
New York, New Haven, and Hartford Railroad ... all the property on both sides of Garrison
Ave, from Manida St. to Lafayette Ave ... all the property between these boundaries except eighteen lots on Manida Street ... upon which
two-family houses are being erected."[7] In 1910, the size of the Barretto Street
block was increased as a result of a land swap between American Bank Note and the
city government. The block gained a strip of land on the northeast side of the
property and Barretto Street was moved slightly north of its original location.[8]:11

Land acquisition and construction

The American Bank Note Company was formed on April 29, 1858, when seven
large engraving firms (Toppan, Carpenter & Co.; Rawdon, Wright, Hatch & Edson;
Danforth, Perkins & Co.; Jocelyn, Draper, Welch & Co.; Wellstood, Hay & Whitney;
Bald, Cousland & Co.; and John E. Gavit) merged.[9] The combined company's first
printing plant was at Wall and William Streets, Manhattan, in a building which
would later become the United States Custom House and eventually National City Woodside Mansion, sometime before 1913 (New York)
Bank.[10]:41,43 They moved to 142 Broadway in 1867 and to 86 Trinity Place in
1884.[11]:15 By 1908 they had plants on Trinity Place, on Sixth Avenue, and other
locations in Manhattan[12] as well as in Boston and Philadelphia.[13]

In 1908, American Bank Note built a new building at 70 Broad Street, Manhattan, into which they moved their administrative and sales
offices. In parallel with this effort, the company was looking for a separate location into which they could move their production facilities;
they felt that housing administration and production in separate locations would increase efficiency.[14]:2 The search culminated in the
1908 purchase of a large tract of land including the Barretto Street block from George Johnson.[15] In his 1913 history of the Bronx,
Harry Cook noted that "The choice of its present site in the Hunt's Point section of the Bronx was the result of a [thorough] canvas of all
the available sections in Greater New York".[16]:41 One factor in the site selection was proximity to the New York, New Haven and
Hartford Railroad line; discussions were held with the railroad to ensure they would be able to handle the plant's "considerable freight
delivery needs" totaling 10,000 short tons (9,100 t) per year of paper and other supplies.[8]:3

The sale closed on November 20, 1908. The New York Times wrote that they expected the Trinity Place plant would be sold once the new
Bronx facility was in operation. The total cost for the project was to be greater than $2 million ($65.1 million in 2022), with American
Bank Note having a current capitalization of $10 million ($326 million in 2022).[note 2] Wages for most employees were to be $40 to $75
($1300 to $2400 in 2022)[note 2] per week for "the highest class of skilled labor",[13] and construction plans included housing for the
workers. Robert E. Simon of the Henry Morgenthau Company estimated that within two or three years of American Banknote's
relocation, taxable values in the neighborhood would increase by $5 million ($163 million in 2022).[note 2][13] It was anticipated that
2,500 to 3,000 people would be employed initially, with the plant being sized to accommodate growth to 5,000.[15]

American Bank Note engaged the architecture firm of Kirby, Petit & Green (who also designed the company's downtown headquarters)
for the building design.[17] Kirby, Petit & Green designed several printing plants around this time, including San Francisco's Hearst
Building in 1908, housing the printing plant for the San Francisco Examiner, and a plant in Garden City, Long Island, for the Country
Life Press in 1910.[14]:2 The firm was preparing preliminary plans before the land purchase was completed.[13]

Design evolution
The New York Times reported on May 23, 1909, that construction was "about ready
to begin",[15] describing a design which was abandoned before the end of that year.
[8]:3 This initial design included a long wing[note 1] running the length of the

Lafayette Avenue frontage, where the engraving and lithographing departments

would be housed. Two additional wings, running along the Tiffany and Garrison
sides of the property, would enclose a storage building in the V-shaped central area. Design drawing based on Kirby, Petit & Green large-
Each of these wings was an independent structure, with all four buildings scale model, as published by The New York Times. 1909
interconnected.[15] By this time, a large-scale model had already been constructed (New York)

based on this initial design although the Times said that the design represented by
the model might still "be subjected to some minor changes".[15]

A 1909 article published in Printing Art (reprinted in The Cement Age), described a prototype design for "an ideal printing plant".[18] The
final design appears to have been influenced by this, as the constructed plant more closely resembles this "ideal" design than the original
one shown in the New York Times article.[8]:3 The design change was driven by the tenets of the newly emerging field of industrial
engineering; rather than build standardized buildings which were then filled with
machines, the machine spaces were designed to optimize production, and then the
buildings were designed to enclose the production lines.[8]:3

The original plan provided for a single entrance to the building complex, about
which the Times wrote, "This, of course, is made necessary by the character of much
of the company's business; but an entire block of buildings without a rear entrance
or a side door is certainly entitled to rank as a structural novelty."[15] In contrast to
the Times, the Landmarks Preservation Commission noted in their 2008 report that
this single-entrance configuration, "though characteristic of nineteenth-century
industrial design, was not particularly adapted to the needs of the American Bank Concept drawing, published by The Cement Age. 1909
Note Company operation."[14]:3 As built, the Tiffany Street entrance is recessed (New York)
behind four arched openings on the west façade, which also includes a loading dock
spanning most of the west side of the building.[8]:8

Initial configuration
The initial 1911 construction consisted of only two buildings: the long and tall but
narrow office wing along Lafayette Avenue, and the large press building at right
angles to it.[8]:4 Several additions were made over the next few years. Typical of
printing plants, the buildings have an open plan, concrete floors, and high ceilings to
accommodate large presses.[19] Column spacing is 40 feet (12 m) in places, with
floors typically rated for 120 pounds per square foot (5.7 kPa) live loads. Some areas
have 21-foot (6.4 m) ceilings.[20]:overview/specifications The buildings sit on a roughly
pentagonal block bordered by Garrison Avenue, Tiffany Street, Lafayette Avenue,
and Barretto Street, with Barretto curving to form two sides.[19][20] In 1913, Harry
Cook described the plant as "mammoth".[16]:41The New York Times wrote in 1992
that the site had an "unabashedly industrial look"[19] and noted that Architecture &
Building Magazine had referred to its "arsenal-like appearance with a pervading
sense of strength and security".[19] The site included 200 presses, a private Exterior view in 1911 from the intersection of Lafayette
restaurant, hospital, laundry, machine and carpenter shops, and laboratories where Avenue & Ti�any Street, looking northeast. The
special inks were formulated.[8]:3 Lafayette wing is in its original con�iguration, before
the fourth story was added. Photographer is believed to
The electrical requirements were exceptional for the day, and required special have been Irving Underhill
provisioning by the New York Edison Company. In addition to lighting, loads
included 500 motors (compared to 300 at the Trinity Place plant) driving the
presses, pumps, and other machinery. The switchgear was in the basement.[11] The plant was designed to use individual electric motors to
drive each press ("unit drive"), as opposed to the drive line shafting system in common use. Unit drive was an advanced technology for the
time, only becoming widespread in the 1920s. The design of the building included a large amount of conduit and wiring to support the
motors' electrical feeds.[8]:4 and 11, note 27

The Lafayette wing is a tall but narrow building which originally contained offices and workrooms for plate preparation; the façade runs
the full length of the Lafayette Avenue frontage, almost 465 feet (142 m).[8]:6 In the center of the block is a nine story tower. As Lafayette
Avenue slopes down to the west, the left-most portion of the building exposes several basement levels to the façade.[8]:6–7 The exterior is
brick, with a structural framework of steel, allowing for wide unbroken arches filled with glass. It was originally constructed as three
stories, three bays deep, with large windows topped by arches on the third story.[8]:6–7 The use of round arches and recessed brick
spandrels were common in New York City industrial architecture of the late 19th century, evoking the German Rundbogenstil style of the
1830s and 1840s.[8]:4 Although the building used modern incandescent and arc lighting,[21] the large windows also allowed daylight,
necessary for visual inspection of detailed color printing work, to flood into the building. The steel framework allowed three times the
window area as would have been possible in an all-brick structure.[21]

A three-story printing press building (now known as the Garrison wing) is at right angles to the Lafayette wing; it has larger open spaces,
heavier floor slabs, and taller ceilings to accommodate the presses. The lower floor of this building included a vault for storing over
130,000 printing plates. The presses were on the upper floor; the saw-tooth roof incorporated many windows to supply natural
illumination for inspecting plates and printed documents.[8]:4 The saw-tooth roof design had long been used in England because it
admitted glare-free light through its north-facing windows but had been avoided in
North America due to concerns about supporting snow loads, leakage, and
condensation. It was only in the early part of the 20th century that engineering
improvements made this type of roof practical in colder climates.[8]:11, footnote 20

The area to the west of the press building, along Tiffany Street and Garrison Avenue,
originally had manicured lawns, a curved driveway, and a pedestrian walk flanked by
lampposts. The lawns have since been turned into a paved parking lot, and most of
the lampposts have been removed.[8]:footnote 36

Subsequent additions
In 1910, a detached garage designed by Kirby, Petit & Green was built at the corner
of Garrison Avenue and Barretto Street. The garage, expanded to twice its original
size in 1928 to provide space for ink production,[8]:4[22] is now known as the North
Building.[20] In 1912, architect H. W. Butts added a single-story addition along the
Barretto Street side of the property to hold a laundry and pulp mill,[8]:4 estimated to
cost $12,000 ($360,000 in 2022).[23][note 2] In 1925, a fourth story, only two bays
deep, was added to the top of the Lafayette building, using materials that closely
matched the style of the original.[8]:6–7 The Barretto addition was raised to three
stories in 1928, by architect Oscar P. Cadmus, providing space for additional presses
Lafayette Avenue elevation, showing southern-exposure
and a machine shop.[8]:4[21] In the 1928 configuration, the buildings total 405,000 window detail and the fourth story added in 1925
square feet (37,600 m2) of floor space, occupying a 178,000 square foot (16,500 m2)
block.[20]

In addition to the buildings on the landmark block, American Bank Note developed
other properties in the immediate area. In 1913, an employee welfare and research
building was erected on Lafayette Avenue, on the other side of Barretto Street, also
designed by H. W. Butts. A distribution center was added in 1925 and a paper
storage warehouse in 1949. These additional buildings are mentioned (with their
exact location and current disposition unspecified) in the Landmarks Preservation Engravers at work, c. 1912 The Press Room in the
Engraving Department, c.
Commission report of 2008, but explicitly excluded from the landmark designation.
[8]:5 1912

Operations
In the 1960s, the plant was processing over 5 million pieces of paper a day, and
printing half of the securities of the New York Stock Exchange.[17] Production
included bank notes, postage and revenue stamps, stock and bond certificates,
checks, traveler's checks, letters of credit,[8]:2 lottery tickets,[24] and food stamps.[19]
Maps showing plot layout (near right edge). Le�: 1911,
Although the plant printed money for 115 countries around the world, it was best
original two buildings. Right: 1921, garage added
known for producing currencies for Latin America, including Mexico, Brazil, Costa
Rica, Ecuador, Haiti, and Cuba.[24] The printing operation was organized into
several divisions. Stocks, bonds, and postage stamps were handled by the engraved
currency and steel plate divisions. A separate typographic division produced
catalogs, booklets, folders, maps, railroad tickets and marketing materials for
railroads, steamship lines and others.[8]:4 The plant produced its own special rag
paper as well as the boxes used for shipping its completed products. Printed
materials were first wrapped in paper, then encased in metal containers which were
sealed with solder to make them waterproof, then inserted into the tightly fitting
custom boxes.[25]:304

The company employed, according to New York Times columnist Meyer Berger, the Dutch Guilder printed in this plant
world's most skilled engravers who served apprenticeships of ten years or longer.
Some came from families which had been in the business for three or four
generations. In 1958, the chief engraver was Will Ford, who had been with the company for 46 years.[25]:304 In 1963, there were 33
engravers on staff; they employed a house style favoring "folded robes, bare-chested men, and half-naked women who seem to be a cross
between a Wagnerian soprano and the White Rock nymph." This was driven by stock exchange regulations which required stock
certificates to include an image of "a human figure with visible areas of flesh" as these, along with the details of folded robes, were
considered the hardest for a counterfeiter to duplicate.[26]

The company prided itself on having the best-equipped plant and most advanced research program in the industry, as well as employing
the finest designers, engineers, and printers to whom it offered an advanced employee welfare program.[14]:2 An unusual job title at the
company was counterfeiter; the job entailed attempting to produce copies of the company's own products.[19][10]:69 When attempts were
successful, better engraving, paper, or inks were incorporated into the products, to increase the difficulty of fraudulently reproducing the
documents.[19][25]:305 The counterfeiting office was in the tower (behind locked doors). One official counterfeiter was Will Ford's father,
William F. Ford.[25]:304

Physical security included counting each piece of paper 33 times as it progressed from raw material to finished product. Items which
failed quality inspections were burned in a furnace. A high level of security was necessary not just to prevent theft, but also to keep from
leaking information about jobs. Events such as stock splits or issuance of bonds could involve orders for printing new certificates months
in advance of the announcement; these print jobs were closely guarded secrets to prevent untimely disclosure of customers' plans.[26]

One of the company's less successful ventures was playing cards, which they
produced for six years starting in 1908. Although the company's financial documents
were of the finest quality their playing cards were not, lacking an opaque inner layer,
thus allowing the face of a card to be read from the back if held in a strong light. The
playing card business was sold to the Russell Playing Card Company in 1914.[27]

American Bank Note Co. playing cards, design No. 502.

Bombing 1910 (New York)
On March 20, 1977, the complex was damaged by a bomb planted by the FALN, a
Puerto Rican terrorist group which had chosen to attack the plant because of its role
in what they deemed "capitalistic exploitation".[28] The explosive device, placed near the Lafayette Avenue entrance, broke windows as
high as the fourth floor. This was one of two FALN attacks that day, the other being to the FBI Manhattan headquarters, where one person
received minor injuries.[29] A letter from the FALN claiming responsibility stated that the plant was targeted as a symbol of "Yanki
repression and exploitation":[30]

The American Bank Note Company for being one of the chief administrator's in the exploitation of the World's Working Class.
For printing the stocks and bonds that decide which families will eat and live well and which one's will starve and die. This
company is also the printer of the currency of Several Latin American countries, Mexico and Guatemala being two of them.
This company has the economic power to control the flow of currency in all Latin American countries. Giving absolute
unilateral monetary control to American Corporations.

—FALN Central Command

These were the fiftieth and fifty-first attacks attributed to the group in the previous three years.[29]

The next day, a second bomb threat against the plant was phoned into the Daily News. This turned out to be a hoax by a local resident
who was distraught over personal issues. The man drove up to the plant while the police were sifting through rubble from the previous
day's attack, announced that he had a hand grenade, and dropped it. The grenade failed to explode and was found to be a harmless
practice device.[31]

Post–Bank Note
By 1984 or 1985 (sources differ), with the plant having only about 500 employees, American Bank Note moved their printing facilities to
a new site in Blauvelt, New York.[8]:6[19][32] In 1985, the site was purchased by Walter Cahn and Max Blauner who repurposed it as the
Bronx Apparel Center. The purchase and renovation costs totalled $8.3 million ($22.6 million in 2022)[note 2] The center occupied
146,000 square feet (13,600 m2) (about one third of the site), housing several tenant companies in the clothing and fabric industry.[33] The
Bronx Academy of Arts and Dance also had space in the building during this time.[34] Other tenants included a wine cellar and a
homeless shelter, along with art and photography studios.[21][35] Rents for the first tenants averaged $3.50 ($10.00 in 2022) per square
foot.[33]

In 1997, the John V. Lindsay Wildcat Academy Charter School opened their Hunts Point campus in the complex, occupying the fourth
through sixth floors[note 3] of the Lafayette wing.[36][37] The campus, which serves ninth and tenth grade students, includes the school's
culinary internship program, the student-run JVL Wildcat Café and a hydroponics garden.[38][39] The space was renovated in 2005 using a
$1 million grant from the Charles Hayden Foundation,[40] at which time they added a 5,000-square-foot (460 m2) "professional-grade"
kitchen for their new culinary program.[37] The school renewed their lease in 2009, citing the 2005 improvements as a major factor in
their decision to renew. The initial asking price was about $25 per square foot, although the final agreed rent was not made public.[40]

The Bronx Academy of Arts and Dance had their first home in the complex in 1998,[41] converting a previously vacant area into a 70-seat
space for performances and workshops.[42] There they hosted the Arthur Aviles Typical Theatre dance company, with roots in Latino and
LGBTQ cultures.[34][43][44] An anchor tenant with a long-term low-rent lease, they attracted other artists, who occupied spaces ranging
from 600 square foot (56 m2) studios to entire floors.[42] The deal was catalyzed by The Point, a neighborhood community development
group. The Point recruited several local artists to lease 400-square-foot (37 m2) studios[32] (another source says 600)[42] in the building
for $375 ($700 in 2022) per month in exchange for the building's owners donating space to the dance company, which at the time was
using The Point's building across the street. Aviles stated a desire to sign a ten-year lease in the building.[32]

In 2002, Lady Pink organized a group of female graffiti artists to paint an anti-war mural on a brick wall on the Barretto Street side of the
property.[35][45]:193 The group revisited the site for several years. In 2013, the wall was torn down by the site's new owners.[35]

The site was purchased by Taconic Investment Partners and Denham Wolf Real Estate Services in January 2008[46] for $32.5 million
($45.9 million in 2022); they invested another $37 million ($52.2 million in 2022)[note 2] on renovations.[47] Denham Wolf had a history
of working with nonprofit and arts groups. The New York Times reported that "the new owners hope to make the building into a mecca for
cultural groups that have been priced out of Manhattan".[46] Rents were estimated to be $20 to $30 per square foot, with the possibility of
tax breaks reducing that number. At the time, comparable rents were in the mid $30s to $40 elsewhere in the Bronx and around $50 in
midtown Manhattan.[46]

In 2010, the Sunshine Business Incubator began operations in the site, occupying 11,000 square feet (1,000 m2).[48] Small business and
startups could rent small amounts of space (as little as just one desk), with access to shared facilities such as meeting rooms, and a
reception area. Leases were available on a month-to-month basis.[49][50] The incubator targeted startups in the fields of new media,
technology, biomedicine, healthcare and professional services.[49] In his 2014 State of the Borough address, borough president Ruben
Diaz Jr. spoke of a "transformation" taking place in the Bronx, with economic growth from new businesses moving into the borough. He
noted that the building housed the Sunshine Business Incubator which had "helped over 70 small companies take root through shared
space and creative partnerships" as part of the "New Bronx".[51] Sunshine left the Bank Note building in 2014 with eight years left to run
on its lease, and ceased operations completely in 2016.[52][53]

In 2013, the Bronx Academy of Arts and Dance left the building when Taconic Investment Partners refused to extend their lease at the
current rate, instead offering a one-year extension at double the rent. According to Academy co-founder Charles Rice-Gonzalez, Taconic
"failed to keep a promise it made when it bought the building five years ago, to maintain the building's character as a mecca for the arts in
Hunts Point".[54] Rice-Gonzalez also said that Taconic initially demanded a payment equal to six months rent and threatened legal action
when the Academy moved out before the expiration of their lease, although they ultimately withdrew that demand.[54]

The New York City Human Resources Administration (HRA) signed a 20-year lease in 2013, intending to move into approximately half
of the 400,000 square feet (37,000 m2) available space in the complex.[35] The move was completed in late 2014, combining existing
offices at four locations to provide services to 1,700 clients daily in the areas of child support enforcement, home health care, Medicaid,
food stamps, and HIV/AIDS assistance from this single location. Local 371, which represents the HRA employees, was opposed to the
move, citing transportation issues and an inadequate number of bathrooms in the building. Bronx Community Board 2 was also opposed
to the move with district manager Rafael Salamanca noting concerns over police presence and street lighting.[55]

Taconic Investment Partners sold the site to a partnership of two real estate investment firms, Madison Marquette and Perella Weinberg,
for $114 million ($141 million in 2022)[note 2] in 2014.[47] As of 2024, Madison Marquette manages the building, which it markets as The
BankNote.[20] In 2015, The Real Deal described the building as "one of the most architecturally distinctive office properties in the Bronx".
[56]
Landmark status
The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission designated the site as a New York City
landmark in 2008, observing that it was "one of nearly 200 factories and related sites that the
Commission has named as landmarks since 2002, as part of its goal to preserve the City's
industrial heritage."[17] A commemorative plaque installed in the Lafayette Avenue entrance lobby
calls out the "crenellated tower", "massive brick piers", and "saw-tooth skylights" as significant
architectural details.[57] Landmarks Commission Chairman Robert B. Tierney was quoted in the
official announcement as saying:[17]

The plant is notable not only for its commanding presence in the neighborhood and from
other vantage points in the Bronx, but also for the sweep of multistory arcades across the
front façade and its nine-story medieval-style tower.

The announcement also cited "monumental arcades", the "Gothic-inspired details", and the
"crenellated parapet of the central tower" as significant architectural features.[17] The building Detail of the tower
design emphasizes security by deliberately limiting access to a single entrance, despite having over
1,500 feet (460 m) of street frontage.[58] Benika Morokuma, of the Municipal Art Society
described the building in her testimony supporting the landmark designation:[59]

The facade of the plant is a clear example of the expressive factory design of the New York City around the turn of the twentieth
century ... The austere and huge horizontal massing of the main part of the printing facility and the Gothic tower, which
emphasizes the symmetry of the main façade on Lafayette Avenue, create an arsenal-like appearance and contribute to create
sense of security that is closely associated with its line of business.

Transportation
The building is adjacent to the New Haven & Hartford R. R. tracks (now the Hell Gate Line of the Northeast Corridor). When the plant
was built, the railroad constructed a freight spur to serve the property.[12] As of 2023, the Penn Station Access project is expected to
provide Metro North service from a new Hunts Point station, which is expected to be completed by 2027.[60]

The site is one block away from Bruckner Boulevard with private parking adjacent to the Garrison wing.[20] The nearest subway stations
are Hunts Point Avenue and Longwood Avenue, providing access to Manhattan via the 6 train. The Bx6 bus line runs along Hunts Point
Avenue. Bicycle access is via the South Bronx Greenway.[61]

See also
▪ List of New York City Designated Landmarks in the Bronx

Notes
1. Sources variously refer to the main portion of the site as a single building with three wings (Lafayette, Garrison, and Barretto), or
three distinct but interconnected buildings. The Landmarks Preservation Commission report, for example, uses both terms (p. 6:
"Primary entry into the complex of buildings is via the west facade of the printing-press wing"). In this article, the terms wing and
building are used interchangeably.
2. 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a De�lator of Money Values
in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44525121.pd�)
(PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index
for Use as a De�lator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (https://www.americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/4451
7778.pd�) (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index
(estimate) 1800–" (https://www.minneapolisfed.org/about-us/monetary-policy/in�lation-calculator/consumer-price-index-1800-).
Retrieved February 29, 2024.
3. Most sources describe the Lafayette wing as having four �loors plus several basement levels which are partially above ground at
the west end of the downward-sloping block. Some modern sources refer to six �loors.
References
1. A Guide to Historic New York City Neighborhoods: Hunts Point, The Bronx (https://6tocelebrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/0
4/Hunts-Point_web2.pd�) (PDF) (Report). Historic Districts Council. 2023. p. 3. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230812150
909/http://6tocelebrate.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Hunts-Point_web2.pd�) (PDF) from the original on August 12, 2023.
Retrieved December 13, 2023.
2. Towns of West Farms and Morrisania, Weschester Co., N.Y. (https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/417d9680-29d9-0134-a8e8-00505
686a51c) (Map). New York: J.B. Beers & Co. 1872. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231217215119/https://digitalcollection
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External links
▪ O�icial building website (https://www.thebanknotenyc.com/)

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