Review of Functional

Groups
Jericha Pascua
Biochem
Unit Expected Outcomes
At the end of this unit, the students are expected to:

1. Classify accordingly the structure of different organic

compounds
2. Categorize appropriately the IUPAC names of different
organic compounds
Organic vs Inorganic Compounds

• Organic chemistry: Study of hydrocarbons (only carbon

and hydrogen atoms) and their various derivatives.
• Inorganic chemistry: Study of all substances other than
hydrocarbons and their derivatives.
Bonding Characteristics of Carbon Atom

• C-atom always makes total of 4 Bonds

• The sharing of four valance electrons requires the
formation of four covalent bonds which are represented
by four lines.
Functional Groups

• are groups of atoms in organic molecules that are responsible

for the characteristics, chemical reactions of those molecules.
• Simple molecules that contain the same functional group in
their structure can be expected to react in similar ways.
• More complicated chemical molecules may contain more than
one functional group within their structure.
Hydrocarbons
Halogen-Containing Compounds
Oxygen-Containing Compounds
Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Nitrogen-Containing Compounds