LAGUNA COLLEGE

COMMUNITY
HEALTH NURSING 1 - RLE

Jayvee B. Dalisay, RN, MAN

Clinical Instructor
 Overview of
Public Health Nursing
in the Philippines
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES

At the end of the session, learners will be able to:

• Identify the factors affecting the health status

• Know what is public health and its essential function

• Know the global and local trends in public health

• Understand the public health nursing in the context of the

Philippine Setting

• Understand the roles of Community/Public Health Nurses

 COMMUNITY

According to Merriam-Webster:

A group of people with a common characteristic

or interest living together within a larger society.
 HEALTH

According to WHO:

State of complete physical, mental, and social

well being, not merely the absence of disease or
infirmity.
 NURSING

According to Wikipedia:

a profession within the healthcare sector focused

on the care of individuals, families, and communities
so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal
health and quality of life.
 DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH

A. Income and Social Status

B. Education
C. Physical Environment
D. Employment and Working Conditions
E. Social Support Networks
F. Culture
G. Genetics
H. Personal behavior and coping skills
I. Health Services
J. Gender
WHAT IS PUBLIC HEALTH?
 PUBLIC HEALTH

C.E. Winslow:

“Public Health is the science and art of 3P’s:

Preventing disease, Prolonging life, and
Promoting health and efficiency through
organized community effort…
 PUBLIC HEALTH

WHO:

“Public health is the art of applying science in the

context of politics so as to reduce inequalities in
health while ensuring the best health for the greatest
number”
 PUBLIC HEALTH

Core Business of Public Health:

1. Disease control
2. Injury prevention
3. Health Protection
4. Public Health policy
5. Promotion of health and equitable health
gain
 ESSENTIAL PUBLIC HEALTH FUNCTIONS

Yach describes as “set of fundamental activities that

address the determinants of health, protect a
population’s health and treat disease.
 ESSENTIAL PUBLIC HEALTH FUNCTIONS

1. Health situation monitoring and analysis

2. Epidemiological surveillance/disease prevention and control
3. Development of policies and planning in public health
4. Strategic management of health systems and services for
population health gain
5. Regulation and enforcement to protect public health
6. Human resources development and planning in public health
7. Health promotion, social participation and empowerment
8. Ensuring the quality of personal and population-based health
services
9. Research, Development and implementation of innovative public
health solutions
 PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING

WHO Expert Committee of Nursing:

- Special field of nursing that combines the skills of
nursing, public health and some phases of social
assistance and functions as part of the total public health
programme for the promotion of health, improvement
of condition in the social and physical environment,
rehabilitation of illness and disability.

*Public Health Nursing and Community Health Nursing

have often been interchangeably used in the Philippines.
 PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING

Ruth B. Freeman
-It refers to a service rendered by a professional
nurse with communities, groups, families, individuals
at home, in health centers, in clinics, in schools, in
places of work for the promotion of health,
prevention of illness, care of the sick at home
and rehabilitation.
 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING

“The utilization of the nursing process in the different

levels of clientele-individuals, families, population
groups and communities, concerned with the
promotion of health, prevention of disease and
disability and rehabilitation.” ( Maglaya, et al)
 PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING
- It was coined by Lilian Wald to denote a service
that was available to all people. However, as
federal, state, and local governments increased
their involvement in the delivery of health
services, the term public health nursing became
associated with “public” or government agencies
and in turn with the care of the poor people.
 PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING

Standards of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines 2005

- The Standards differentiated public and community

health nursing only in one area: setting of work as
dictated by FUNDING. The Government is the employer
of Public Health Nurses both at national and local health
agencies.
 PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING
In the Philippines:

Public Health Nursing – refers to the practice of nursing in national

and local government departments (including HC, BHS, RHU), and
public schools. It is community public health nursing practiced in the
public sector.

Public Health Nurses – refer to the nurses in the local/national

health departments or public schools whether their official position is
Public Health Nurse or Nurse or school nurse.
ROLE OF PUBLIC/ COMMUTNITY
HEALTH NURSE
 ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE
1. Clinician or Health Care Provider
- Utilizes the nursing process in the care of the client in home setting
through home visits and in public health care facilities
- Conduct referral of patients to appropriate level when necessary
 ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE
1. Clinician or Health Care Provider
 ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE
2. Educator
- Utilizes teaching skills to improve health knowledge, skills and
attitudes of the individuals, families and the community
- Conducts health information campaigns to various groups for the
purpose of health promotion and disease prevention
 ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE
3. Coordinator and Collaborator
- Establish linkages and collaborative relationships with other health
professionals, government agencies, the private sectors, NGOs to
address health problems
 ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE
4. Leader and change agent
- Influences people to participate in the overall process of
community development
 ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE
5. Manager
- Organizes the nursing services component of the local health
agency or local government unit
- Also responsible for the delivery of the package of services
provided by the health program to the target clientele
 ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE
5. Supervisor
- Supervise midwives and other auxiliary health workers
 ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE
6. Researcher
- Participates in the conduct of research and utilizes research findings
PUBLIC HEALTH
PROBLEMS
 PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEMS
1. Access to Health Services of All Filipinos
• Not all Filipinos have access to health services by the government
• Not all Filipinos are member of PhilHealth
• No enough hospital facilities
 PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEMS
2. Malnutrition
- Severely wasted and stunted especially underfive children
 PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEMS
3. Non-Communicable Diseases
- Increased in number of hypertensive and diabetic patients
 PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEMS
4. Maternal Deaths
- Increased number of maternal deaths in the Philippines
PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEMS
 PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEMS
4. Disease Outbreaks (e.g. COVID-19 Pandemic)
- Increased number of COVID-19 Cases & Close Contacts
PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEMS
PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEMS