Solution

REVISION MCQ & AS

Class 09 - Science
1.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: During the evaporation of liquids, the temperature decreases due to the
escape of molecules with high energy. The kinetic energy of the molecules is directly
proportional to absolute temperature.
2.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: It is difficult to cook food at high altitudes since the boiling point of water
decreases at high altitudes and it does not provide sufficiently high temperature to the food
to get cooked.
3.
(d) (a) - (i), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iv)
Explanation: The physical state of water at 25oC - liquid, due to the high kinetic energy of
particles.
Water at 273K - Solid, 273K = 0oC.
Water at 100oC - Vapour, due to the high kinetic energy of particles, they break down into
small molecules.
Latent heat (also known as latent energy or heat of transformation) is the energy released
or absorbed, by a body required to change the state. The latent heat which we supply is
used up in overcoming the forces of attraction between the particles of a substance during
the change of state.
4.
(b) 1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D
Explanation:
i. The intermixing of particles of two different types of matter on their own is called
diffusion. On heating, diffusion becomes faster. The rate of diffusion of gases also varies
inversely as the square root of their densities.
ii. The temperature at which a liquid changes into vapour is called its boiling point.
iii. The temperature at which a solid melts to become a liquid at the atmospheric pressure is
called its melting point. The melting point of a solid indicates the strength of the
force of attraction between its particles.
iv. The energy possessed by the particles of matter by virtue of their motion is called
their kinetic energy,
5.
(c) 1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B
Explanation:
i. The process of melting, that is, change of solid state into liquid state is also known as
fusion. E.g. Conversion of ice into water.
ii. Vaporisation is the change of liquid state into gaseous state. E.g. Conversion of water
into water vapour/steam.
iii. Condensation is the change of vapour state into liquid state. E.g. Change of water
vapour/steam into water droplets.
 iv. Change of liquid state into solid state is called solidification or freezing. E.g. Change of
water into ice.
6.
(c) 1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B
Explanation:
A state of matter exhibits incompressibility when the state of matter has
less intermolecular spaces. Solids have negligible compressibility. Gases are
highly compressible as compared to solids and liquids. Fluidity is the flow or motion of
particles in a state of matter. Rigidity is inflexibility or resistance to change in
shape. Solids have a tendency to maintain their shape when subjected to outside
force. Solids may break under force but it is difficult to change their shape, so they are
rigid. The mass per unit volume of a substance is called its density. Mass is an intrinsic
property of a substance. Volume is the space occupied by the substance. Density = M ass

V olume

7.
(c) (a) - (iii), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
Explanation: (a) Boiling point of water - (iii) 373K ( 373- 273 = 100oC)
(b) The melting point of water - (ii) 273K ( 273-273 = 0oC)
(c) Boling point of Acetone - (iv) 56oC
(d) The melting point of Aluminium - (i) 660oC
8.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Scattering of light by colloidal particles is an optical activity. Coagulation of
colloidal particles under an electrical field is an electrical property.
9. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Due to the constant movement of the colloidal particles do not settle down.
10.
(d) 1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D
Explanation: 1 - A Solute is the dissolved component as it is in less amount.
2 - C Solvent is the dissolving component as it is in large amount.
3 - B Solution is homogeneous as it has uniform composition.
4 - D Suspension is heterogeneous as it has non - uniform composition.
11.
(d) 1 (B), 2 (E), 3 (D), 4 (C), 5 (A)
Explanation:
The process of Evaporation is used to obtain drinking water from sea-water in many
countries.
In chemistry, a suspension is a heterogeneous mixture that contains solid particles
sufficiently large for sedimentation.
Brass is an alloy made primarily of copper, usually with zinc.
Cream is usually separated from milk by the centrifugation process.
A gel is neither a liquid or a solid, but a mixture contains both liquid and solid mixed
together.
12. (a) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (iii), (d) - (ii)
Explanation:
Mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically united and
do not exist in fixed proportions to each other.
The compound is a pure chemical substance consisting of two or more different
chemical elements that can be separated into simpler substances by various physical
and chemical methods.
Element is a pure chemical substance consisting of one type of atom.
Atom a basic unit of matter which takes place in a chemical reaction.
13.
(b) 1-B, 2-D. 3-A, 4-C
Explanation: 1- B In mixtures the components do not lose their properties.
2- D In a compound the constituent elements combine in fixed proportion by mass.
3 - A Elements are made up of same kind of atoms & elements can not be further broken
down.
4 - C An atom is the smallest unit of matter that has the properties of an element.
14. (a)
1. (iv) (C)
2. (i) (B)
3. (ii) (A)
4. (iii) (D)

Explanation:
A mixture of iron filings and sulphur powder can be separated by using a magnet.
Addition of carbon disulphide to a mixture containing iron filings and sulphur
powder leads to the formation of a clear yellow solution when sulphur powder
dissolves in carbon disulphide, on gentle shaking.
A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which the solute particles do not dissolve
but remain suspended throughout the bulk of the medium. Filtration is used to
separate a substance from a mixture because one is insoluble in the solvent and the
other is soluble. The separation is due to particle size.
Tyndall effect is shown by colloids. Air is a mixture of gases. Clean air doesn't show
Tyndall effect. Smoky or foggy air, however, shows Tyndall effect, because the light
passing through such a colloidal solution will be reflected by the larger particles making
the light beam visible. The aerosol is a subset to colloids, which contains a fine particle
of liquid or solid dispersed evenly in gas phase show Tyndall effect.
The mixture of kerosene oil and water can be separated by separating funnel. The
mixture of kerosene oil and water are immiscible liquids.
15.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Dalton was the first scientist to use symbols for elements. He used circles to
represent elements. Berzelius suggested that the symbols of the elements can be made
from one to two letters of the name of the element.
16.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both the statements are correct and are included in the postulates of Dalton's
atomic theory.
 The Postulates of Dalton's Atomic Theory:
i. All matter is made up of very tiny particles called atoms.
ii. Atoms are indivisible particles, which can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical
reaction.
iii. The atoms of a given element are identical in mass and chemical properties.
iv. Atoms of different elements have different masses and chemical properties.
v. Atoms combine in the ratio of small whole numbers to form compounds.
vi. The relative number and types of atoms are constant in a given compound.
17.
(d) 1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C
Explanation:
(1) P Cl 5
(B) Phosphorous pentachloride
(2) N 2
O5 (D) Dinitrogen pentaoxide
(3) N 2
O4 (A) Dinitrogen tetraoxide
(4) CCl 4
(C) Carbon tetrachloride
18.
(b) 1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D
Explanation:
(1) Instrument used to produce images of atoms (A) STM
(2) Atomic theory of matter (C) John Dalton
(3) An allotrope of carbon (B) Fullerene
(4) Potassium Sulphate (D) Compound
A scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is a type of electron microscope used for
imaging surfaces at the atomic level. Its development earned its inventors - Gerd Binnig and
Heinrich Rohrer - the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1986. The atomic theory was given by John
Dalton. Fullerene is an allotrope of carbon having a large spheroidal molecule consisting of
a hollow cage of sixty or more atoms. Buckminsterfullerene (buckyballs) was the first known
example.
19. (a) 1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B
Explanation:
(1) Ions (D) Charged particles
(2) Anions (A) Negatively charged
(3) Cations (C) Positively charged
(4) Radical (B) Polyatomic ion
20.
(d) 1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A
Explanation:
(1) Cobalt (C) Co
(2) Copper (B) Cu
(3) Sulphur (D) S
(4) Sodium (A) Na
 Symbol of Copper is derived from Latin Cuprum. Symbol of Sodium is derived from
Latin Natrium.
21.
(d) (a) - (iii), (b) - (ii),(c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
Explanation: The correct response is as follows:
Ions are charged particles.
Anions are negatively charged ions.
Cations are positively charged ions.
Radicals are polyatomic ions.
22.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Isotopes are species with same atomic number but different mass numbers.
23.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The nucleus present inside the atom is heavy but small.
24. (a) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii)
Explanation: Alpha particle is identical to the nucleus of a helium atom. Alpha decay is a
radioactive process in which a particle with two neutrons and two protons is ejected from
the nucleus of a radioactive atom. Protons have one unit of a positive charge. Electrons have
negligible mass. The ratio between the mass of a proton and that of an electron is about
1836. Neutrons are neutral sub-atomic particles.
25.
(b) 1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D
Explanation: Atomic number (Z) of a chemical element is the number of protons in the
nucleus of that atom. It is a characteristic of the element and determines its place in the
periodic table. The mass of an atom of a chemical element is equivalent to the number of
protons and neutrons in the atom (the mass number) or to the average number allowing for
the relative abundance of the different isotopes. Isotopes are atoms with the same number
of protons but different number of neutrons. It can also be said that isotopes are atoms of
the same element with the same atomic number but different mass number. Isobars are
atoms (nuclides) of different chemical elements that have the same number of nucleons.
26.
(c) (a) - (iii), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
Explanation: The electronic configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom in
various orbitals of differing energy levels. The electronic configuration of Carbon is 2, 4. The
electronic configuration of Sodium is 2, 8, 1. The electronic configuration of Argon is 2, 8,
8. The electronic configuration of Helium is 2.
27. (a) 1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D
Explanation:
(1) Valency (A) Combining capacity of an atom
(2) Metals (C) Lose electrons to become stable
(3) Non-metals (B) Gain electrons to became stable
(4) Noble gases (D) They have stable configuration
28. (a) 1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B
Explanation:
(1) Electron (D) Discovered by J.J.Thomson
 (2) Proton (A) Discovered by E.Goldstein
(3) Neutron (C) Discovered by James Chadwick
(4) Atomic nucleus (B) Discovered by Rutherford
29. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Exocytosis or cell vomiting is a process in which the waste materials from the
cell are extruded through the plasma membrane by diffusing the vesicles containing
materials that need to be taken out of the body. This process occurs in cells to remove
undigested substances, secrete hormones, enzymes, and transport various substances.
30. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Each cell is bound by an extremely delicate, thin, elastic, selectively
permeable, living membrane called plasma membrane. It is selectively permeable as it
allows some molecules to pass through more easily than others.
31. (a) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (iii), (d) - (ii)
Explanation:
Genes are functional units of heredity that determine the characters of organisms.
Diffusion is the process of passage of fluid from a region of high concentration to a
region of low concentration. It plays an important role in the gaseous exchange
between the cells as well as the cell and its external environment. Water also obeys the
law of diffusion.
The passage of water from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower
water concentration through a semi-permeable membrane is called osmosis. The
movement of water across the plasma membrane is affected by the amount of
substance dissolved in water.
Plasmolysis is a plant cell that refers to the contraction of protoplast as a result of the
loss of water from the cell. The shrinkage of cytoplasm occurs due to exo-osmosis in a
hypertonic medium. A hypertonic solution is one that has a lesser concentration of
water as compared to that inside the cell. During the process, there is a higher external
osmotic pressure and a net flow of water from the cell.
32.
(d) (a) - (i), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iv)
Explanation:
While the nucleic part of the cell had been observed by Leeuwenhoek in 1682, it was
Robert Brown who named it the “cell nucleus”.
In 1839, Johann Evangelist Purkinje coined the term 'protoplasm' for the fluid substance
of a cell.
Robert Hooke observed the microscopic structure of the bark of a cork tree and in
doing so, discovered and named the cell – the building block of life.
The 'Cell theory' was proposed by Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann.
33.
(d) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (iii), (d) - (ii)
Explanation:
Mitochondria have their own DNA and ribosomes. They can self-replicate.
The longest cells in the human body are neurons. Neurons or nerve cells form the basic
component of the nervous system. They have a typical structure.
Chromoplasts are coloured plastids. Leucoplasts are white or colourless plastids.
Plastids are present only in plant cells. Plastids are similar to mitochondria in the
external structure. Like the mitochondria, plastids have their own DNA and ribosomes.
 Chromatin material is an entangled mass of thread-like structures inside the nucleus.
The DNA is present as part of chromatin material which gets organized into
chromosomes when the cell is about to divide.
34.
(d) 1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B
Explanation:
Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that lack a cell wall around their cell membrane.
Without a cell wall, they are unaffected by many common antibiotics that target cell wall
synthesis. Mycoplasma species are the smallest free-living organisms. Prokaryote is a
unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus (karyon), mitochondria, or any
other membrane-bound organelle.
(1) Largest cell (D) Ostrich egg
(2) Smallest cell (A) Mycoplasma
(3) Single cell (C) Amoeba
(4) Prokaryotic cell (B) Bacteria
35.
(c) (a) - (i), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iv)
Explanation:
The energy required for various chemical activities is released by mitochondria. They
contain enzymes for cellular respiration. During cellular respiration, energy is released
in the form of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate). The body uses energy stored in ATP.
Hence, ATP is called the energy currency of the cell.
Chloroplasts are found in leaves of plants. They make use of sunlight to perform a
process called photosynthesis. Chloroplasts are involved in the process of
photosynthesis during which oxygen is produced and the net amount is given off.
Red Blood Cells in mammals anucleate when mature i.e. they do not contain a nucleus.
This is so that the cell has maximum space for haemoglobin.
Ribosomes are associated with the synthesis of proteins from amino acids. Proteins are
required by a cell for functions such as repair or directing chemical processes.
36.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: The surface of the skin is impervious to water because it is covered by
stratified keratinized squamous epithelium. This epithelium has many superficial layers of
horny, scale-like remains of dead squamous cells and several deeper layers of living
polygonal cells. Heavy deposits of the insoluble protein keratin are present in the dead
superficial layers which make this epithelium impervious to water. Stratified cuboidal
epithelium, on the other hand, lines the inner surface of the sweat gland, large salivary, and
pancreatic ducts.
37.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The functions of epithelial tissues are as follows:
i. The cells of epithelial tissue form the outer layer of the skin (body surface).
ii. The epithelial tissues inside the body form the lining of the mouth and alimentary canal
and protect these organs by secreting mucous.
iii. They also help in the absorption of water and nutrients.
38.
(b) (a) - (i), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iv)
Explanation:
The tissue which is responsible for flexibility in plants is Collenchyma.
Sclereids are called grit cells.
Lignin deposition takes place in sclerenchyma.
Xylem and phloem involved in the conduction of water and the food.
39.
(b) (a) - (i), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (iv)
Explanation:
Adipose tissue works as a subcutaneous layer.
Stratified squamous epithelium is present in the skin.
Striated muscle present in the skeletal muscle. skeletal muscle is striated; its long, thin,
multinucleated fibers are crossed with a regular pattern of fine red and white lines,
giving the muscle a distinctive appearance.
The surface of joints in cartilage.
40.
(d) (a) - (iii), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
Explanation:
Tendons are white fibrous tissue.
Ligaments are the modification of yellow elastic tissue with some collagen fibres.
Chondrocytes are the only cells found in healthy cartilage.
Osteocyte is the most abundant cell type of bone.
41.
(d) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (iii), (d) - (ii)
Explanation:
The tissue which is responsible for flexibility in plants is collenchyma.
Sclereids are also called grit cells.
Mature sclerenchyma cells are dead cells that have heavily thickened walls containing
lignin.
Xylem distributes water and phloem distributes food throughout the plant's body.
42.
(b) (a) - (iii), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
Explanation:
Aerenchyma provides buoyancy.
Parenchyma cells are thin-walled.
Chlorenchyma is responsible for photosynthesis in green plants.
Cork is a permanent tissue.
43.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation: A boy goes from A to B with a velocity of 20 m/min and comes back from B
to A with a velocity of 30 m/min. The average velocity of the boy during the whole journey
is 24m/min.
44.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: A body has a uniform speed if it travels equal distances in equal intervals of
time, no matter how small these time intervals may be. For example, a car is said to have a
 uniform speed of say, 60 km per hour, if it travels 30 km every half hour, 15 km every
quarter of an hour, 1 km every minute, and 1/60 km every second
45.
(d) 1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B
Explanation:
i. Velocity of a body is defined as the rate of change of its displacement with time,v = s

ii. Acceleration of a body is defined as the rate of change of its velocity with time,a = v−u

iii. Average velocity -If the velocity of a body is always changing,but changing at a uniform
rate,then the average velocity is given by the "arithmetic mean" of the initial and final
velocity for a given period of time,that is: Average velocity,Vav = v+u

iv. Third equation of motion, v

2 2
− u = 2as

46. (a) (a) - (i), (b) - (iii),(c) - (ii), (d) - (iv)

Explanation:
A body has a uniform acceleration if it travels in a straight line and its velocity increases
by equal amounts in equal intervals of time.
Odometer- An instrument for measuring the distance travelled by a wheeled vehicle.
Energy-Energy is a scalar. If it were a vector then conservation of energy would fail
during uniform circular motion in radial potential and many other situations.
Acceleration -Acceleration is a vector quantity because it has both magnitude and
direction.
47.
(c) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i),(c) - (iii), (d) - (ii)
Explanation:
Uniform velocity is a constant velocity parallel to the time axis.
Acceleration is increasing velocity w.r.t time.
Retardation is decreasing velocity w.r.t time.
A curved line (called a parabola) is a non-uniform motion.
48.
(c) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (iii), (d) - (ii)
Explanation:
The general formula of the quantities acceleration, speed, average velocity, and third
equation of motion is given.
The velocity of a body is defined as the rate of change of its displacement with time,
v =
s

t
.
Acceleration of a body is defined as the rate of change of its velocity with time,
a =
v−u
.t

The average velocity is given by the "arithmetic mean" of the initial and final velocity for
a given period of time, that is Average velocity,V =
av .
v+u

Third equation of motion: v2 = u2 + 2aS ⇒ v2 − u2 = 2aS.

49.
(c) (a) - (iii), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
Explanation: Acceleration of a body is defined as the rate of change of its velocity with
time.
The velocity of a body is defined as the rate of change of its displacement with time.
The speed of a body is the distance travelled by it per unit time.
 When a body moves along a circular path, then its direction of motion keeps changing
continuously. Therefore, the motion along a circular path is said to be accelerated.
50. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Heavy objects have more inertia than lighter objects. For example, if we kick a
stone it will not move because of high inertia but if we kick a football, it will move a long
way. Thus the inertia of an object is measured by its mass.
51.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: A is true but R is false.
52.
(b) 1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C
Explanation:
An unbalanced force cause change in the state of motion i.e. acceleration in a body.
Inertia has an approach to remain conserved.
Grease reduces friction which may lead to wear and tear of machine parts.
Force can be defined as the rate of change of momentum.
53.
(b) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii)
Explanation:
i. Forces that cause a change in the motion or state of an object are unbalanced forces.
ii. Inertia is a tendency to do nothing or to remain unchanged.
iii. One of the methods of reducing friction is by applying grease.
iv. Force is the push or pulls that is applied to an object to change its momentum.
54.
(b) 1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A
Explanation:
Frictional force is a contact force that opposes the motion of a body.
The force which is just enough to bring about change in state and tend a body to
motion is called limiting force of friction.
The force of friction which is just sufficient to make a body slide over any surface is
called sliding friction.
rolling friction acts upon when a body rolls over any surface.
55.
(c) 1-A, 2-C, 3-B, 4-D
Explanation: Units of-
force- Newton
momentum- kg m/s
acceleration is caused due to unbalanced force acting on the body.
rocket works on the principle of Newton's third law of motion
56.
(d) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i),(c) - (iii), (d) - (ii)
Explanation:
i. Friction is the force that makes it difficult for one object to slide along the surface of
another.
ii. The limiting friction is the frictional force just sufficient to move the object.
iii. Sliding friction refers to the resistance created by two objects sliding against each other.
iv. Rolling friction refers to the resistance created by an object rolling across a surface.
57. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The change in direction involves a change in velocity or acceleration. The
force that causes this acceleration and keeps the body moving along the circular path is
acting towards the centre. This force is called the centripetal force.
The motion of the moon around the earth is due to the centripetal force.
58. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: At the centre of the earth value of g is zero, weight of the body is also zero
but its mass remains the same. The centre of mass of the body thus remains unchanged.
59.
(d) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (iii), (d) - (ii)
Explanation: The correct order of the given match is (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (iii), (d) - (ii).
a. F = G.M .m

r
2

b. g = GM
2
R

c. Relative density =
Density of substance

Density of water

d. Pressure = Force

Area

60.
(c) (a) - (iii), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
Explanation:
i. Value of G is always constant.
ii. An object floats over water if its density is less than water.
iii. S.I unit of pressure is Pascal.
iv. S.I unit of weight is Newton.
61. (a) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i),(c) - (iii), (d) - (ii)
Explanation: The correct order of match is given as (a) - (iv), (b) - (i),(c) - (iii), (d) - (ii). These
are the formulae to measure each physical quantity respectively.
62.
(d) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (iii), (d) - (ii)
Explanation:
i. Archimede's principle is also used in designing ships and submarines. The floating of a
big ship is based on the Archimedes' principle.
ii. The weight of the object on the moon is one-sixth of weight of an object on earth.
iii. The strap of the school bag made wider to Reduce pressure on the shoulder.
iv. Buoyancy is the upward force exerted by fluids over the surface area of contact of an
object which is immersed in fluids.
63.
(c) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv),(c) - (i), (d) - (iii)
Explanation:
i. Fluids are a subset of the phases of matter and include liquids, gases, plasmas, and to
some extent, plastic solids.
ii. Mass is the quantity of matter an object
iii. The weight of an object is the gravitational force between the object and the Earth.
iv. Every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force that is proportional to
the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance
between them. The force is along the line joining the centers of two objects.
64. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
65.
(c) (a) - (iv), (b) - (i), (c) - (iii), (d) - (ii)
Explanation:
In Battery, chemical energy converts into electrical energy.
In Bulb, electrical energy converts into light energy.
In the Steam engine, steam energy converts into mechanical energy.
In microphones, sound energy converts into electrical energy.
66.
(d) 1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B
Explanation:
i. Bullet fired from gun is kinetic energy because Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.
ii. A flying bird is depend on motion and position also so its example of potential and
kinetic energy.
iii. In a falling stone potential energy changes to kinetic energy
iv. Water at dam stored in particular position so, it’s a example of potential energy.
67.
(c) 1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C
Explanation:
i. In Battery, chemical energy converts into electrical energy.
ii. In Bulb, electrical energy converts into light energy.
iii. In Steam , engine steam energy converts into mechanical energy.
iv. In microphone, sound energy converts into electrical energy.
68.
(c) 1-D, 2-A, 3-C, 4-B
Explanation:
i. Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. KE = 1

2
mv2
ii. Energy possessed by an object because of its position is called potential energy.
iii. Work is defined as a force acting upon an object to cause a displacement .
iv. Rate of doing work is called power.
69.
(d) 1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A
Explanation: (1) Law of conservation of energy is stated as energy neither be created nor
be destroyed but it converted into one form to another form.
(2) Stretched rubber band possess potential energy .
(3) At mean position pendulum attains maximum kinetic energy.
(4) Various energy forms are inter convertible.
70. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Mixed cropping is growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same
piece of land, for example, wheat + gram, or wheat + mustard, or groundnut + sunflower.
The fertility of the soil is improved by growing two crops simultaneously.
71. (a) (a) - (iii), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (i)
Explanation:
Catla is a surface and midwater feeder. Adults feed on zooplankton using large gill
rakers, but young ones on both zooplankton and phytoplankton. Catla attains sexual
 maturity at an average age of two years and an average weight of 2 kg. Catla is a fish
with a large and broad head, a large protruding lower jaw, and upturned mouth. It has
large, greyish scales on its dorsal side and whitish on its belly
Rohu (Labeo rohita) is a middle zone feeder. It's a species of fish of the carp family,
found in rivers in South Asia. It is a large omnivore It feeds on decaying plants and
detritus.
Mrigal is a bottom feeder fish. The mrigal carp also are known as the mrigal and
the white carp is a species of ray-finned fish in the carp family. Native to streams and
rivers in India, the only surviving wild population is in the Cauvery river.
Fish farming or pisciculture means to culture fish which involves
raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures such as fishponds, usually for food. It is
the principal form of aquaculture, while other methods may fall under mariculture.
72.
(c) 1-C, 2-B, 3-D, 4-A
Explanation:
(C) Legume – Rhizobium association - Symbiotic relationships are a special
type of interaction between species. Sometimes beneficial, sometimes harmful,
(1) these relationships are essential to many organisms and ecosystems, and they
Symbiosis provide a balance that can only be achieved by working
together. A relationship of mutual benefit or dependence.... any
interdependent or mutually beneficial relationship between two persons
(B) Intercropping- Intercropping is multiple cropping practices involving
(2) growing two or more crops in proximity. The most common goal
Cropping of intercropping is to produce a greater yield on a given piece of land by
pattern making use of resources or ecological processes that would otherwise not be
utilized by a single crop
(D) NPK- Micronutrients are essential for plant growth and play an important
role in balanced crop nutrition. They include boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe),
manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and chloride (Cl).
(3)
This study compared the availability of boron (B), copper (Cu), manganese
Primary
(Mn), and zinc (Zn) in the soil and their effect in developing maize plants,
nutrients
supplied from a physical mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium
(NPK) granules and micronutrients or from a granulated mixture
of NPK coated.
(A) Rabi- Rabi crops or Rabi harvest are agricultural crops sown in winter and
(4) Crop harvested in the spring in South Asia. The term is derived from the Arabic word
season for "spring", which is used in the Indian subcontinent, where it is the spring
harvest also known as the "winter crop".
73.
(c) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii)
Explanation:
Symbiosis is a mutually beneficial association existing between two organisms and both
organisms derive benefit from each other without causing any harm to each other.
Examples: Leguminous plants show the symbiotic nutrition mode. Alga and fungus live
together. The fungus provides water and shelter to the alga.
 Cropping pattern means the proportion of area under various crops at a point of time.
The crop statistics published by the governments are used to denote the cropping
patterns. Cropping pattern is, however, a dynamic concept as it changes over space and
time.
Primary nutrients are nutrients that are required by plants in larger quantities than
other nutrients. The primary nutrients include nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and
potassium (K). NPK fertilizer is a complex fertilizer comprised primarily of the
three primary nutrients required for healthy plant growth.
Rabi crops or Rabi harvest are agricultural crops sown in winter and harvested in the
spring in South Asia. The rabi crops are sown around mid-November after the
monsoon rains are over, and harvesting begins in April/May. The crops are grown either
with rainwater that has percolated into the ground or with irrigation.
74.
(b) (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii)
Explanation:
i. Viral Haemorrhage septicemia is the Disease of fish, where the fishes of the northern
hemisphere die due to severe viral infection.
ii. Amaranthus is a common Kharif crop weed.
iii. The disease of cattle caused by bacteria is - salmonellosis, in which diarrhea with blood
clot and fever occurs.
iv. A viral disease of cattle is cowpox, foot, and mouth disease.
75.
(c) 1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C
Explanation:
Dietary fiber or roughage is the indigestible portion of food derived from plants. It has
two main components: Soluble fiber, which dissolves in water, is readily fermented in
the colon into gases and physiologically active byproducts and can be prebiotic and
viscous.
Concentrates refer to animal feeds that are rich in energy and/or protein but low in
fiber, such as corn, soybean meal, oats, wheat, molasses, etc.
Blue-green algae belonging to a general cyanobacteria genus, Nostoc or Anabaena, fix
atmospheric nitrogen and are used as inoculations for paddy crop grown both under
upland and lowland conditions. They fix atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which
may then be used or converted to a form suitable for plant growth. Thus demonstrating
Nostoc's potential as a sustainable biofertilizer.
DDT is thought to biomagnify and biomagnification is one of the most significant
reasons it was deemed harmful to the environment.