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Abnormal Psychology in A Changing World 10Th Edition Nevid Test Bank Full Chapter PDF
Abnormal Psychology in A Changing World 10Th Edition Nevid Test Bank Full Chapter PDF
Abnormal Psychology in A Changing World 10Th Edition Nevid Test Bank Full Chapter PDF
692
Topic Factual Conceptual Applied
9.4
True-False 207, 208, 209, 210
Essay 249
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 86, 87, 88 90, 91, 92, 102
9.5 73, 74, 75, 76, 77,
78, 79, 80, 81, 82,
83, 84, 85, 89, 93,
94, 95, 96, 97, 98,
99, 100, 101, 103,
104
True-False 211, 212, 213, 214,
215, 216, 217, 218,
219, 220, 221, 222,
223, 224
Essay 250, 251, 252
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 105, 107, 108, 109, 116 106
9.6 110, 111, 112, 113,
114, 115
True-False 225
Essay 253
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 117, 118, 119
9.7
True-False 226
Essay
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 120, 121, 122, 123,
9.8 124, 125, 126, 127,
128, 129, 130
True-False 227, 228
Essay
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 131, 132, 135, 136 133, 134
9.9
True-False 229, 230
Essay
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 137, 138, 139, 140
9.10
True-False 231
Essay
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 141, 142, 143, 144, 146
9.11 145, 147, 148, 149,
150, 151, 152, 153,
154, 155, 156, 157,
158, 159
True-False 232, 233, 234, 235,
236
Essay 254
Learning Objective Multiple Choice 160, 161, 162, 163, 173 172
9.12 164, 165, 166, 167,
168, 169, 170, 171,
174
True-False 237, 238, 239, 240,
241, 242, 243, 244,
Copyright © 2018, 2014, 2011, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
693
Topic Factual Conceptual Applied
245
Essay 255
Copyright © 2018, 2014, 2011, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
694
9
Eating Disorders and Sleep-Wake Disorders
Multiple-Choice Questions
1. Which person is most likely to develop an eating disorder?
a. A 28-year-old female corporate attorney
b. A 16-year-old high school male cheerleader
c. An 18-year-old female who just entered college
d. A 21-year-old male member of a heavy metal band
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 346
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Applied
2. An eating disorder characterized by abnormally low weight and an intense fear of gaining weight is
______.
a. binge-eating disorder c. anorexia nervosa
b. identity disorder d. bulimia nervosa
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 347
Topic: Eating Disorders (Table 9.1)
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
3. An eating disorder characterized by recurrent binge eating followed by self-induced purging is ______.
a. binge-eating disorder c. anorexia nervosa
b. identity disorder d. bulimia nervosa
ANSWER: D
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 347
Topic: Eating Disorders (Table 9.1)
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
4. A(n) ______ is a psychological disorder characterized by disturbed patterns of eating and maladaptive
ways of controlling weight.
a. addiction c. amenorrhea
b. eating disorder d. hypermenorrhea
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 346
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Copyright © 2018, 2014, 2011, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
695
Skill: Factual
5. Eating disorders are often accompanied by the following disorders EXCEPT ______.
a. schizophrenia c. anxiety disorders
b. depression d. substance abuse disorders
ANSWER: A
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 346
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
ANSWER: A
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 346
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 346
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 346
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
9. About ______ percent of females in the United States develop anorexia nervosa.
a. 1 c. 10
b. 5 d. 20
ANSWER: A
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 3 Page: 346
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
10. Between ______ percent of females in the United States develop bulimia nervosa.
a. .1 and .3 c. 5 and 10
Copyright © 2018, 2014, 2011, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
696
b. .9 and 1.5 d. 10 and 15
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 3 Page: 346
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
11. About ______ in 1,000 males in the United States develop anorexia nervosa.
a. 1 c. 5
b. 3 d. 7
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 3 Page: 347
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
12. Anorexia nervosa is ______ common among men than women. Bulimia nervosa is ______ common
among men than women.
a. less; less c. more; less
b. less; more d. more; more
ANSWER: A
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 346
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
13. Felicia has an intense fear of being overweight. She also has a distorted body image in which she sees
herself as “fat” despite the fact that her physician says she underweight for her height, age, and bone
structure. She exercises excessively and still diets despite being 15 pounds lighter than her original
dieting goal. She is suffering from ______.
a. amenorrhea c. anorexia nervosa
b. bulimia nervosa d. cytomegalovirus
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 347
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Applied
14. Fear of gaining weight and a distorted self-image are characteristic of ______.
a. anorexia nervosa c. binge-eating disorder
b. bulimia nervosa d. binge-purge disorder
ANSWER: A
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 347
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
15. In the case of anorexia nervosa in the text, Karen spent hours a day ______.
a. speaking on the cell phone to her therapist in another city
Copyright © 2018, 2014, 2011, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
697
b. preparing gourmet meals for her family
c. thinking about cutting her arm
d. trying to figure out ways to attract a certain guy
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 3 Page: 347
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Applied
16. In the case of anorexia nervosa in the text, Karen wore ______.
a. gaudy earrings and hats to distract people from looking at her figure
b. skimpy outfits to show off her slimness
c. padded bras to compensate for her small breasts
d. baggy clothes to hide her body
ANSWER: D
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 347
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Applied
17. Anorexia nervosa develops most commonly between the ages of ______.
a. 6 and 12 c. 18 and 24
b. 12 and 18 d. 24 and 30
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 346
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
18. A frequent observation is that girls with anorexia nervosa use ______ in addition to dieting to control
their weights.
a. excessive exercise c. meals rich with fruit and vegetables
b. amphetamines d. positive imagery of their ideal figures
ANSWER: A
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 348
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
19. Which activity has been associated with higher rates of anorexia among its participants for developing
anorexia nervosa?
a. Attending college c. Instrumental music
b. Modeling d. Singing
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 348
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
Copyright © 2018, 2014, 2011, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
698
20. The decreased food consumption noted with anorexia can lead to_________.
a. overproductive oil glands and acne
b. increased thirst
c. obstruction or paralysis of the bowels or intestines
d. testosterone increases in females resulting in facial hair growth.
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 349
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 348
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
22. The rate of suicide attempts in young women with anorexia nervosa is _____that of young women in
the general population.
a. about the same as
b. much lower than
c. much higher than
d. difficult to determine when compared to
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 349
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
23. Binge-eating/purging type and restrictive type are two classifications of ______.
a. bulimia nervosa c. binge-eating disorder
b. anorexia nervosa d. binge-purge disorder
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 348
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
ANSWER: A
Copyright © 2018, 2014, 2011, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
699
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 348
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
25. Annette suffers from recurrent episodes of gorging on large quantities of food followed by purging
through self-induced vomiting in order to prevent gaining weight. Although her weight is well below
normal to the point that others see her as “skin and bones,” she worries excessively about being fat. She
also has impulse control problems in other areas of her life. She is suffering from ______.
a. binge-eating/purging anorexia c. bulimia nervosa
b. restrictive anorexia d. binge-eating disorder
ANSWER: A
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 3 Page: 349
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Applied
26. Lois has an intense fear of being overweight. Although she talks a lot about food, she hardly eats at all.
She also has a distorted body image in which she sees herself as "fat" despite the fact that her physician
says she is 20% underweight for her height, age, and bone structure. She exercises excessively and still
rigidly and obsessively diets despite being 15 pounds lighter than her original dieting goal. She is
suffering from ______.
a. binge-eating/purging anorexia nervosa c. bulimia nervosa
b. restrictive anorexia nervosa d. binge-eating disorder
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 3 Page: 349
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Applied
27. Which of the following characteristics are noted in people with the binge-eating/purging type of
anorexia nervosa?
a. A consistently cautious, conservative lifestyle
b. Careful control of eating
c. Obsessively controlled appearance
d. Substance abuse and/or stealing
ANSWER: D
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 3 Page: 349
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
28. People with anorexia nervosa may lose as much as ______ percent of their original weight.
a. 25 c. 45
b. 35 d. 55
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 3 Page: 349
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
Copyright © 2018, 2014, 2011, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
700
29. The absence or suppression of menstruation is called ______.
a. dysmenorrhea c. hypermenorrhea
b. hypomenorrhea d. amenorrhea
ANSWER: D
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 349
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
30. All of the following are medical complications that can result from anorexia nervosa EXCEPT ______.
a. osteoporosis c. amenorrhea
b. high blood pressure d. heart irregularities
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 349
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
ANSWER: A
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 349
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Factual
32. You meet a slender girl with a yellow hue to her rather dry, cracking skin; she has fine, downy hair.
With this appearance, you suspect that she may have ______.
a. anorexia nervosa c. binge eating disorder
b. bulimia nervosa d. ulcers
ANSWER: A
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 349
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.1
Skill: Applied
33. Bous, the Greek word which is the root for bulimia, means ______.
a. hunger c. gigantic
b. ox d. nerves
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 3 Page: 349
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.2
Skill: Factual
34. Diane suffers from recurrent episodes of gorging on large quantities of food followed by purging
through self-induced vomiting in order to prevent gaining weight. Although her weight is normal, and
Copyright © 2018, 2014, 2011, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
701
her ideal weight is relatively normal, she worries excessively about looking or becoming fat. She is
suffering from ______.
a. amenorrhea c. bulimia nervosa
b. anorexia nervosa d. cytomegalovirus
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 349
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.2
Skill: Applied
35. Hayley suffers from recurrent episodes of gorging on large quantities of food followed by purging
through self-induced vomiting in order to prevent gaining weight. Although her weight is normal, and
her ideal weight is relatively normal, she worries excessively about looking or becoming fat. She is
suffering from ______.
a. binge-eating/purging anorexia c. bulimia nervosa
b. restrictive anorexia d. binge-eating disorder
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 349
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.2
Skill: Applied
36. The average age of onset for bulimia nervosa is the ______.
a. childhood to preteens c. late adolescence to early adulthood
b. early to mid-teens d. early adulthood to mid-adulthood.
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3):2 Page: 350
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.2
Skill: Factual
37. Which of the following is one of the DSM diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa?
a. Emphasis on a healthy appearing body.
b. Regular purging by means of laxatives, fasting, self-induced vomiting, or strenuous exercise.
c. In females, the absence of three or more consecutive menstrual periods.
d. Nonchalance about weight and body appearance.
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 349
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.2
Skill: Factual
ANSWER: D
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 350
Copyright © 2018, 2014, 2011, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
702
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.2
Skill: Factual
ANSWER: D
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 350
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.2
Skill: Factual
40. The available evidence shows ______between socioeconomic status and eating disorders.
a. a strong relationship
b. no strong linkage
c. inconclusive evidence
d. that when ethnicity is also considered, there is a strong relationship
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 350
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.2
Skill: Factual
41. A person with bulimia nervosa who repeatedly vomits or abuses laxatives and diuretics puts themselves
at risk for ______.
a. diabetes c. cancer
b. sudden death d. ulcers
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 350
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.2
Skill: Factual
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 3 Page: 350
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.2
Skill: Factual
43. Probably the most important factors in the development of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa
and bulimia nervosa are ______.
a. genetic factors that predispose many women to these disorders
b. social pressures and expectancies placed on young women to base their self-worth on their
appearance
Copyright © 2018, 2014, 2011, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
703
c. personal efforts to overcome real problems with eating too much and getting fat
d. improperly learned eating behaviors during infancy and early childhood
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 351
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.3
Skill: Factual
44. Among college women, 1 in ______ were found to feel embarrassed when buying a single chocolate
bar.
a. 3 c. 7
b. 5 d. 9
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 3 Page: 351
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.3
Skill: Factual
45. Girls as young as ______ express more dissatisfaction with their bodies than do boys.
a. 8 c. 11
b. 10 d. 12
ANSWER: A
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 3 Page: 351
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.3
Skill: Factual
46. A standard measure of overweight and obesity that takes both body weight and height into account is
the _____.
a. WAIS c. WISC
b. BMI d. BMW
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 351
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.3
Skill: Factual
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 3 Page: 352
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.3
Skill: Factual
48. ______ out of five young women in the United States have gone on a diet by the time they reach their
18th birthdays.
a. One c. Three
Copyright © 2018, 2014, 2011, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
704
b. Two d. Four
ANSWER: D
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 352
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.3
Skill: Factual
49. A study of the mass body index of ______ between 1920 and 1990 shows a clear trend towards the
idealization of thinness in women.
a. winners of the Oscar for best actress
b. winners of the Olympic gold medal in diving
c. first ladies of the United States
d. Miss America pageant winners
ANSWER: D
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 1 Page: 351
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.3
Skill: Factual
ANSWER: A
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 354
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.3
Skill: Factual
51. Women with bulimia nervosa are more likely than other women to have experienced ______.
a. date or acquaintance rape c. abrupt weaning from the breast or bottle
b. sexual harassment d. childhood sexual or physical abuse
ANSWER: D
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 3 Page: 354
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.3
Skill: Factual
52. Which of the following statements is true regarding women with bulimia nervosa?
a. They have flexible attitudes.
b. They never dieted prior to the onset of bulimia.
c. They have “black and white” thinking.
d. They were of normal weight prior to developing bulimia.
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 355
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.3
Skill: Factual
53. Purging is ______ because it produces relief from anxiety over gaining weight.
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705
a. classically conditioned c. modeled
b. positively reinforced d. negatively reinforced
ANSWER: D
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 3 Page: 354
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.3
Skill: Conceptual
54. Women with bulimia nervosa tend to be both perfectionistic and ______ in their thinking patterns.
a. moderate c. conservative
b. dichotomous d. liberal
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 355
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.3
Skill: Conceptual
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 355
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.3
Skill: Conceptual
56. Families of young women with eating disorders tend to be ______ supportive and nurturing and
_______ overprotective than those of young women without eating disorders.
a. less, less c. more, less
b. less, more d. more, more
ANSWER: B
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 355
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.3
Skill: Conceptual
ANSWER: C
Level of Difficulty (1-3): 2 Page: 356
Topic: Eating Disorders
Learning Objective: 9.3
Skill: Conceptual
Copyright © 2018, 2014, 2011, 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
706
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88. Quest’eco esiste anche adesso, e lo si esperimenta sempre da chi visita
l’anfiteatro.
90. Due scheletri si conservano ancora d’una povera madre e della sua
figliuola, cadute insieme l’una a lato dell’altra e turgido tuttavia era il
fianco della prima. L’ingegnoso artificio dell’illustre Fioretti ha saputo
strappare al muto involucro, — formato intorno ad esse dalle ceneri
assodate, — la straziante storia de’ loro estremi patimenti. Egli versando
del gesso liquido nelle impronte lasciate da quelle sventurate vittime,
potè ottenere la testimonianza di quelle ultime loro crispazioni che
rivelano la disperazione dell’agonia ch’esse avevano sofferto.
92. Per disposizione d’Augusto, come ho più sopra avvertito, una legione
romana stanziava colla flotta a Miseno e così vegliava a difesa della
città stessa. Vedi Tacito, Ann. IV, 5. Svetonio in Aug. XLIX, e
particolarmente Veget. De Re Militari, V. I.
99. Plinio qui cita il verso di Virgilio, spiccandolo al principio del Lib. II
dell’Eneide, vers. 12:
102. Lymphati, scrive Plinio: così pure chiamavansi dai Romani i pazzi, e la
pazzia tenevasi per sacra, attribuendosi a chi n’era preso la facoltà di
predir l’avvenire.
103. Atque etiam recordatus quondam super cœnam quod nihil cuiquam tote
die præstitisset, memorabilem illam meritoque laudatam vocem edidit:
«Amici, diem perdidi». Svetonius in Titum, c. viii.
105. Descrizione delle rovine di Pompei. Napoli, Da’ torchi del Framater,
1831.
106. Deca Terza, vol. terzo, pag. 11 dell’ediz. di Venezia, per G. Battaggiu,
1823.
108.
109. Part. I, Cap. 399. «Noi speriamo che questa etimologia non sarà
scambiata per un delirio, se si vuol ben considerare che la parola
orientale Hercul, cioè monte arso che si incontra ad ogni passo dal
promontorio di Miseno a quello di Sorrento, da cui derivò pur il nome
d’Ercolano, ci indica evidentemente la storia delle devastazioni
vulcaniche alle quali questa contrada andò soggetta da’ tempi più rimoti.
Nelle epoche successive i Greci e gli Italiani, sì poetici nelle loro idee e
nelle loro sensazioni, attribuirono alle intraprese di Ercole gli effetti
straordinarj de la natura ed elevarono templi al semidio là dove non
esistevano altro che le traccie del fuoco.» Vedi addietro il Capitolo II.
110.
112. Appiano, parlando delle mura di Cartagine, le dice triplici, con torri,
fornici e casematte, stalle per elefanti, celle per cibi, ecc. «Murum fuisse
triplicem, quorum quisque alius 30 cubitos esset, absque loricis et
turribus. Quæ turres 200 pedum spatio inter se distabant et 4
contignationes singulæ habebant. Ipsi muri fornicati et capaces: et
duplici quasi contignatione facti: in quorum parte ima elephanti 300
stabulari poterant, et adjunctæ iis cellæ ac repositoria ad cibos: super
eos 4000 equi, item cum receptaculis pabuli hordeique Viris ipsis ibidem
diversoria et habitacula, pedibus 20000, equitibus 4000. Atque hic
bellicus apparatus in solis mœnibus erat.»
118. «I Censori provvedevano nella città a selciare colla arena le vie, e fuori
della città a gittarvi ghiaja ed a praticarvi i margini.»
120. Orat. pro M. Fontejo. Si sa che M. Fontejo Pretore, dopo d’avere per un
triennio successivo alla pretura, amministrata la Gallia, reduce a Roma,
a petizione de’ Galli, venne accusato da M. Pletorio in due azioni.
Difendendolo nella seconda Cicerone, questi nel dire dell’accusa che
riguardava le vie, così ricorda la Domizia: Cum majoribus reip. negotiis
impediretur; et cum ad remp. pertineret, viam Domitiam munire, legatis
suis primariis viris, C. Annio Bellieno, et C. Fontejo negotium dedit. —
Via Domitiana, della quale è l’argomento mio, è il titolo del terzo
componimento di Stazio del lib. IV delle Sylvæ, e così è ancor un dato
maggiore a conforto di quel che dico di questa via.
121. Vien ricordato da Stazio che la via Appia fosse la regina delle vie in que’
versi:
e vi accenna Orazio nel parlar della Via Numicia che dinota prossima
all’Appia:
123. In Sympos.
124. Pudor me habet alimontia illa proferre mysteria, quibus in Liberi
honorem Patris phallos subrigit Græcia. Vedi anche il Vossio alla voce
Fascinum.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132. Auge ama Arabieno. Mete Cominia commediante ama di cuore Cresto;
sia ad entrambi propizia Venere Pompejana e vivano sempre concordi.
133. Pirro al collega Cajo Ejo salute. Di malanimo io udii che tu sia morto:
statti sano adunque.
134. Soave vinaja ha sete; prego che abbia sete di più. Sitit per sitiat accusa
la volgarità di chi scrisse.
137.
141. Così tradusse senza riguardo quel sommo che fu Vincenzo Monti:
142. L’ira di Giove, di Giunone e de’ dodici Dei a chi avrà pisciato qui o
sporcato. De Rich, Dizion. Antich. voc. Anguis.
147.
148.
149. Vedi Imp. Giulian. Cod. 12. 51. 4. e gli Imperatori Valentiniano, Valente e
Graziano ibid. 7.
150.
Qui son tratto a ricordare la definizione degli odierni omnibus fatta col
seguente verso onomatopeico:
152.
153.
154.
155.
158.
159. Nemo cœlum cœlum putat, nemo Jovem pili facit. Petron. Satyricon c.
44.
161. In Agricola 4. 6.
165.
169.
170.
178. Marco Porcio figlio di Marco, Lucio Sestilio figlio di Lucio, Gneo Cornelio
figlio di Gneo, Aulo Cornelio figlio di Aulo, quadrumviri, fecero erigere
questo monumento per decreto dei decurioni.
179. Lucio Sepunio Sandiliano figlio di Lucio, Marco Erennio Epidiano figlio di
Aulo, duumviri di giustizia, fecero erigere a loro spesa questo
monumento.
180. «Marco Olconio Rufo duumviro di giustizia per la terza volta e Cajo
Egnazio Postumo duumviro di giustizia per la terza volta, per decreto dei
decurioni, ricomprarono per tremila sesterzi il diritto di chiudere le
finestre ed ebbero cura di erigere un muro privato fino alle tegole pel
collegio de’ Venerei corporati.» Di questi Venerei parlano altre iscrizioni
pompeiane, e che poi si dicessero corpi e corporati se ne ha un esempio
in Dimmaco, Lib. XI ep. 103. Coerarunt certo per curarunt.
L’interpretazione surriferita, accettata pure dal De Mazois, non viene
accettata dal Bréton, che nelle abbreviature COL . VEN . COR . invece
di leggere COLLEGII . VENEREORVM . CORPORATORVM, crede non
potersi leggere che così: COLONIE . VENERIÆ . CORNELIÆ, perchè,
dice egli, la parola corporatio non potrebbesi tradurre per comunità,
mentre significa corpulenza. Pompeja, pag. 59. Bréton però erra nel
negare la significazione data dal Mazois e da altri alla parola corporatus.
Se questo participio passivo del verbo corporare (ridurre in corpo) può
significare formato di più sostanze, significa anche membro di un corpo
morale, come venne anche adottata la parola corporazione in questo
senso dalla lingua nostra. Veggasi poi all’uopo il Grutero, Inscript. 45, 8;
406, 5.
181. Bull. Inst. 1866, p. 11, citato dal chiarissimo Brizio nel Giorn. Scavi,
settembre e ottobre 1869.
189. Palla chiamavasi una sopravveste lunga, ampia e fluente propria della
donna onesta; eguale al peplo greco.
191.
192.
Ecco il tristo anniversario
Per gli amanti e pei mariti:
Cinque e cinque notti Cinzia
Già passò fra i sacri riti.
Mal ne venga a quella Inachide, [193]
Che alle vaghe Ausonie donne
Queste infauste cerimonie
Da l’adusto Nil portonne.
Quella Dea, che spesso vedove
Degli amanti fa le piume,
Quella Dea qualunque siasi,
Sarà sempre un triste Nume.
196.
197. Histoire pittoresque des Réligions. T. II, p. 185. Paris, Pagnerre 1845.
198. Vedi anche Macrobius: Saturnaliorum lib. I. cap. 20, 21; e l’opera Des
Divinités Egyptiennes. Paris, Lacroix, 1866, p. 161, e Dupuis, Origines
de tous les cultes, T. III. p. 218 in cui si danno eguali spiegazioni — In
Plutarco De Iside et Osiride.
201. Collana degli antichi storici greci volgarizzati. Erodoto è tradotto dal
corcirese Andrea Mustoxidi. Lib. II, p. 300.
202. Il Mazzoldi nelle sue Origini Italiche provò con isplendida erudizione che
il culto d’Iside è d’origine italica. Vol. II.
204.
205. «Numerio Popidio Celsino figlio di Numerio restituì dalle fondamenta col
suo denaro il tempio d’Iside dal tremuoto rovinato. I Decurioni per si fatta
liberalità, essendo egli d’anni sessanta, lo ascrissero graziosamente nel
loro numero.»
207. Lettisterni, letti triclinari su cui ponevansi le statue degli Dei, a’ quali in
data cerimonia religiosa, offerivasi sontuoso banchetto.
Patere eran vasi usati a contenere il vino con cui era fatta una libazione,
versandolo dalla patera sulla testa della vittima o sull’ara. Le qualità
comuni eran di argilla, le più preziose di bronzo, d’argento ed altresì
d’oro, sommamente e squisitamente ornate; talora con manico, più
spesso liscie.
Lebeti, vasi profondi a ventre pieno e rigonfio, (Ovidio Metamorfosi, XII.
243) di bronzo e di metalli preziosi e destinati ad esser tenuti sotto le
mani o i piedi per raccogliere l’acqua lustrale che un domestico versava
sopra essi da un boccale, gutturnium, prima e dopo il pasto.
Accerre, come i turiboli, erano incensieri. Orazio ne fa cenno nel libro III
delle Odi, Ode ottava, a Mecenate.
Prefericoli. Secondo Festo, eran vasi di metallo senza manico e
largamente aperti di sopra, atti a tenere i sacri utensili portati in
processione in certe solennità religiose.
Simpuli. Ramajoli, o chiccherine con lungo manico, adoperati nei
sagrifizj a prendere il vino in piccole quantità da qualche vaso, per
libazioni.
Mallei. Grossi magli di legno, di cui servivansi i beccai e i popi nei
sagrifizj per atterrare il bue prima che il cultrarius gli tagliasse la gola.
Secespiti. Sorta di coltelli pei sagrifizi con una gran lama di ferro aguzza
e manico rotondo.
Cultri. Coltelli di cui servivasi il cultrarius, o ministro del sacerdote, che
ammazzava la vittima.
Litui eran le verghe degli Auguri curve in cima, come a un di presso i
pastorali dei vescovi cattolici, che ne tolsero il modello dalla pagana
liturgia.
Crotali. Specie di strumento musicale particolarmente adoperato nel
culto d’Iside e Cibele per accompagnarsi alle danze religiose. Si
componevano di due canne fesse pel mezzo o di due pezzi di legno o di
due metalli incavati congiunti con un manico diritto. Se ne teneva uno
per mano e se ne battevano i due pezzi come le nacchere spagnuole o
castagnette napoletane.
Aspergilli. Parola non dell’antichità, ma degli antiquari, ad indicare gli
aspersorj per le purificazioni, massime avanti i sagrificj agli Dei infernali
(Cic. Leg. II. 10; Ovid. Fast. v. 679; Virg. Æneid. IV. 635) — Vedi Dizion.
delle Antichità Greche e Romane di Antony Rich. Milano 1869.
221. «Marco Tullio, figlio di Marco, duumviro incaricato della giustizia, eletto
tre volte quinquennale, augure, tribuno de’ militi, eletto dal popolo,
eresse sul proprio suolo e con proprio denaro il tempio alla Fortuna
Augusta.»
225. «Essendo consoli Tauro Statilio, Tito Platilio Eliano, Lucio Stazio Fausto,
invece della statua che secondo la legge dei Ministri della Fortuna
Augusta doveva porre per decisione emessa sulla relazione del
Questore Quinto Pompeo Ametisio, decretarono che due basi marmoree
venissero collocate in luogo della statua.» Nel testo le parole
ministorum, basis, marmorias, poniret in luogo di ministrorum, bases,
marmoreas, ponere, devonsi evidentemente attribuire alla ignoranza
dell’artefice che le ha scolpite.
226. Tacito Annales, 1, 15 e 54. V. anche Reines Inscr. 1, 12.
231. Hor. III. Od. 23. 14. Poichè il Gargallo, a questo passo non traduce, ma
perifrasa, mi sostituisco a lui:
Tito Livio nel lib. 22 delle sue Storie, c. 19, rammenta Cneo Magio di
Atella come Meddixtuticus in quelle parole: Præerat Statius Metius,
missus ab Cn. Magio Atellano, qui eo anno meddixtuticus erat; e altrove
lo stesso storico (lib. 26, c. 6) fa menzione di Seppio Lesio che copriva
la stessa carica: Meddixtuticus, qui summus magistratus apud
Campanos est, eo anno Seppius Lesius erat. Siccome poi il Rosini nella
sua Dissertatio Isagogica (pag. 38), riferisce un’iscrizione ercolanese in
cui son nominati L. Labeo, L. Aquilius meddixtuticus etc.; così ne trae
argomento ad opinare che fosse cotesto un gemino magistrato, di cui
uno avesse alternamente il comando in tempo di guerra, come i consoli
in Roma. Vedi anche Lanzi: Saggi di lingua etrusca. Tom. 2, pag. 609.
233. Forcellini, Totius Latinitatis Lexicon. Voc. Bidentalis. Cita a prova due
iscrizioni edite dal Grutero.
In tribunal ti prega
Roscio, pria delle due, trovarti seco
Per domani.
Trad. Gargallo.
236.
237.
Giovanni Veenhusen a questi versi appone una nota latina, che al par di
essi traduco: «Aristide in Eleus scrive, essere stata la prima gara ginnica
inventata da Eleusi, della quale erano biade il premio al vincitore.
Egualmente opinar si può de’ premj riportati da Stazio nel certame
napoletano, che fossero della eguale natura; se non ami piuttosto
credere che accenni ai ludi di Cerere istituiti in Napoli e dei quali pur
tocca nella selva a Menecrate.» (Libro IV delle Selve, Selva 8, 50.)
239.
240.
241. Vedi Svetonio, Aug. 31; Plauto, Mercat. v. 2, 24; Tibullo I, 1, 20 e 10, 15.
245.
246.