EKLAVYA ACADEMY

NTA NET PAPER 1

GENERAL PAPER
HIGHER EDUCATION & GOVERNMENT
Mrs. Abhilasha.N
Mcom, MPhil, NET-JRF,SET, (Ph.D. in commerce),
Contact No: 9620925899
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK GOVERNINGHIGHER
EDUCATION IN INDIA

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

POLICY MAKING O F HIGHER EDUCATION
IN INDIA

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

 POLICY MAKING BODIES
DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION:
➢ it is held responsible for the overall development of the basic infrastructure of higher education sector in
the economy both in terms of planning and policy
➢ It looks after expansion of accessibility and qualitative improvement in the filed of higher education through
world class universities, colleges and other private institutions

STATE COUNCILS OF HIGHER EDUCATION

➢ Many states have set up the councils and advisory boards to provide guidelines and norms for the
appropriate functioning of the higher education institutions in the states.

CENTRAL ADVISORY BOARD OF EDUCATION (CABE)

➢ It was set up for coordination and co-operation between the union and states in the filed of education for
policy making. It was established in 1920 and dissolved in 1923 and again revive in 1935

ASSOCIATION OF INDIAN UNIVERITIES (AIU)

➢ It evaluates courses, syllabus, credit and standards of foreign universities and compares it with various
courses offered by Indian colleges/universities

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

REGULATORY FRAMEWORK O F HIGHER
EDUCATION IN INDIA

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

 REGULATION BASED AGENCIES
These are apex which are responsible for higher education in
India.
STATUTORY PROFESSIONAL COUNCILS
IMPORTANT REGULATORY BODIES:
All India council of technical education (AICTE)
All india council of technical education (AICTE) Distance Education Council(DEC)
Council of Architecture(COA) Indian Council for agriculture research (ICAR)
Indian council of historical research (ICHR) Bar Council of India (BCI)
Indian council of philosophical research (ICPR) National Council for teacher education (NCTE)
Indian Council of social science research (ICSSR) Rehabilitation council of India (RCI)
University Grant Commission( UGC) Medical council of India (MCI
Pharmacy council of India (PCI)
Indian nursing council (INC)
Dentist council of India(DCI)
Central council of homeopathy (CCH)
EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899 Central council of India medicine (CCIM)
UNIVERSITY GRAND COMMISSION (UGC):
➢ UGC into existence 8th December 1953 and governs universities of india
➢ in 1956, UGC became statutory organisation established by an act of parliament
➢ As per UGC Act (Section 2) the main function of UGC are coordination, determination and maintenance of
standards in universities
➢ UGC comprises of Chairman, VC and 10 other members appointed by Central government
➢ It functions from Delhi as well seven regional offices located in Bangalore, Bhopal, Guwahati, Hyderabad,
Kolkata, pune
➢ The first chairman of UGC was DR. C.D. Deshmukh
➢ Promotion of research and development in higher education, Identifying and sustaining institutions of
potential learning & Capacity building ofteachers

ALL INDIA COUNCIL OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION (AICTE)

➢ AICTE is the statutory body and the national level council for the regulation of technical education in India.
The Council was set up in November 1945 based on the recommendation of the Technical Education
Committee of the Central Advisory Board of Education (CABE) of 1943.
• Major Functions Approval of variation/ increase in Intake, additional Course(s)/ Programme(s) in Technical
Institutions
• Approval for Foreign Collaboration/ Twinning Programme EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899
ACCREDIATION OFHIGHEREDUCATION

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

 ACCREDIATION
It ensures the quality of the educational process with the help of
accreditation agencies established for the purpose.
1. NAAC
2. NBA
3. AB

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

NATIONAL ASSESSMENT AND ACCREDIATION COUNCIL (NAAC):
➢ Its an autonomous body established in 1994 by the UGC with its headquarter in Bangalore
➢ It was established as per recommendation of NPE (1986)
➢ Main function is to assess and accreditation of universities and colleges
➢ It regularly publishes manuals and promotion materials for assessment and accreditation

NATIONAL BOARD OF ACCREDIATION (NBA):

➢ Established by AICTE in 1994 to conduct periodical evaluation of technical courses offered in India
➢ It has the authority to recognize or decognise institutions or programmes
➢ Its not linked to finding

ACCREDIATION BOARD (AB)

➢ Set up by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research in 1996 with a mandate to accredited agricultural
institutions. Accreditation is valid between 5 – 10 years and is linked to funding year wise number of
institutions accredited.

Accreditation is voluntary in India, Only Karnataka and Tamil Nadu have made it Mandatory especially for
professional institutions. Only 36% engineering and 10% management programs are accredited by NBA.
EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899
REFORMS OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN
INDIA

• Accountability and transparency

• Employability
• Innovation, research and entrepreneur
• Autonomy
• Social responsibility

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

 MAJOR PROBLEMS OF HIGHER EDUCATION
IN INDIA
• Lack of hand on experience
• Lack of quality education
• Accessibility to resources
• Lack of adequate resources
• Lack of quality institutes
• Student teacher ratio

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

 TERM CONCEPTS
ORIENTAL LEARNING :
➢ Involves courses based on the study on eastern society, culture, language, history etc
➢ Bachelors and masters on the above classified are oriental learning program

CONVENTIONAL LEARNING
➢ Traditional course
➢Learning inside the classroom TOTAL NUMBER OF UNIVERSIIES IN INDIA
➢ Does not make use of modern technology (AS ON 1.02.2020)
➢ Time bound & teacher centric approach
STATE UNIVERSITIES : 409
NON-CONVENTIONAL LEARNING DEEMED UNIVERSITIES : 127
➢ Involves the use of technology CENTRAL UNIIVERSITIES : 50
➢ online courses PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES: 349
➢ Learn from videos and handouts TOTAL = 935
➢ Flexible and student centric
➢ Self assessment EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899
 IMPORTANT CONCEPTS

META UNIVERSITY:
➢ Students will have freedom to study different subjects at any of the two universities
➢ Faculty and resources will be shared
➢University of Delhi & Jamia Millia Islamia , two main universies of India under Meta
university concept

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 NEW GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES
1. Gian (global initiative for academic network)
2. SAMVAY (skills assessment matrix for vocational advancement of youth)
3. NMEICT (National mission on education through information & communication technology)
4. National e-library
5. National ranking framework
6. Mandatory accreditation
7. Bachelor of vocational studies
8. Kaushal kendras (KAUSHAL) : Knowledge acquisition & upgradation of skilled human
abilities and livelihood
9. Unnant Bharat abhiyan : connect institutes of HE with local communities
10. ISHAN Uday – scholarship scheme for students of north east region
11. Ishan vikas – academic exposure for north eastern students
12. Saakshar bharat – adult literacy and Pradhan mandtri jan dhan yoojna
13. PRAGATI – scholarship for girl child for technical education
14. CIHEC (Council for industry higher education cooperation)
EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899
VALUE EDUCATION

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 NEED O F VALUE EDUCATION

➢ Concern about degeneration of values.

➢ Impact of change on children and youth.

➢ Dyes-functional families, increased crime and violence, effect of media

and information overload.

➢ The competitive mindset among students, parents, teachers.

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

 OBJECTIVES O F VALUE EDUCATION

➢ Holistic development of the child while addressing the head and the heart.
➢ Revisiting values and making everyone aware of eroding values.
➢ Creating balance between child and community.
➢ An education that connects the heart, head and hand.
➢Inculcating the understanding of Interdependence between family, society, nation and the
world.
➢ Bringing in a pro-active social conscience.
➢ Improvement of the quality of education.
➢ Harmony and peace with self-Values.

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

 1. Which of the following statements are correct about deemed universities ?
A. The Governor of the State is the chancellor of deemeduniversities
B. They can design their own syllabus and course work.
C. They can frame their own guidelines regarding admission andfees.
D. They can grant degrees.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
Codes :
(1)(a), (b) and (c)
(2) (b), (c) and (d)
(3) (a), (c) and (d)
(4) (a), (b), (c) and (d)

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

2. Which of the following core values among the institutions of higher
education are promoted by the NAAC (National Assessment and
Accreditation Council) ?
A) Contributing to national development.
B) Fostering global competencies among the students.
C) Inculcating a value system among students and teachers.
D)Promoting the optimum utilization of the infrastructure.
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

(1) (b),(c)and(d) 2) (a),(b)and(c)

(3) (a),(c)and(d) (4) (a), (b), (c) and (d)

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3. The best way for providing value education is through
(1) discussions on scriptural texts
(2) lectures/discourses on values
(3) seminars / symposia on values
4) mentoring / reflective sessions on values

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

4. The grounds on which discrimination in admission to educational
institutions is constitutionally prohibited are :
A) Religion
B) Sex
C) Place of birth
D) Nationality
Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
(1) (b), (c) and (d)
2) (a), (b) and (c)
(3) (a), (b) and (d)
(4) (a), (b), (c) and (d)

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

5. The University Grants Commission was established with which of the
following aims ?
A) Promotion of research and development in higher education
b) Identifying and sustaining institutions of potential learning
c) Capacity building of teachers
d) Providing autonomy to each and every higher educational institution in India

Select the correct answer from the codes given below :

(1) (a), (b), (c) and (d)
(2) (a), (b) and (c)
(3) (b), (c) and(d)
(4) (a), (b) and(d)

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

6. Which of the following universities has adopted the meta
university concept ?
(A) Assam University
(B) Delhi University
(C )Hyderabad University
(D ) Pondicherry University

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

7. The aim of value education to inculcate in students is
A) the moral values
B) social values
C) the political values
D) the economic values

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

8. Most of the Universities in India are funded by
A) the Central Government
B) the State Governments
C) the University Grants Commission
(D) Private bodies and Individuals

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9. Which of the following organizations looks after the quality of
Technical and Management education in India?
(A) NCTE
(B) MCI
(C) AICTE
(D) CSIR

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

10. Which of the following are the goals of higher education in India ?
(a) Access

(b) Equity

(c) Quality and Excellence

(d) Relevance

(e) Value based education

(f) Compulsory and free education

Select the correct answer from the code given below :

(1) (a), (b) and (e) only (2) (a), (b), (e) and (f)
(3) (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) (4) (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f)

EKLAVYA ACADEMY- 9620925899

 12. Which of the following are the demerits of globalisation of higher
education ?
(a) Exposure to global curriculum
(b) Promotion of elitism in education
(c) Commodification of higher education
(d) Increase in the cost of education
Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
Codes :
(1) (a) and (d)
(2) (a), (c) and (d)
(3) (b), (c) and (d)
(4) (a), (b), (c) and (d)
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