Title: Basic Steps To Writing A Literature Review

Welcome to our guide on the basic steps to writing a literature review. Crafting a literature review
can be a daunting task for many individuals. It requires meticulous research, critical analysis, and
proficient writing skills. Whether you're a student working on an academic assignment or a
researcher delving into a new topic, mastering the art of composing a literature review is essential.

1. Understanding the Purpose: Before diving into the writing process, it's crucial to grasp the
purpose of a literature review. Essentially, it involves examining scholarly sources relevant to
a particular topic or research question. The goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of
existing knowledge, identify gaps, and establish the context for your own study.
2. Conducting Thorough Research: The foundation of a literature review lies in extensive
research. Utilize academic databases, journals, books, and other reputable sources to gather
relevant literature on your topic. Be thorough in your exploration and consider various
perspectives to ensure a comprehensive understanding.
3. Organizing the Literature: Once you've collected sufficient material, organizing the
literature is key. Group similar works together based on themes, methodologies, or key
concepts. This helps in identifying patterns, contradictions, and areas where further research
is needed.
4. Analyzing and Synthesizing: A literature review isn't merely a summary of existing literature
but involves critical analysis and synthesis. Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each
source, identify commonalities and divergences, and synthesize the information to construct
a coherent narrative.
5. Writing with Clarity and Precision: Writing a literature review demands clarity and
precision in articulating ideas. Ensure your writing is concise, coherent, and follows a logical
structure. Pay attention to transitions between paragraphs and maintain a consistent writing
style throughout.
6. Citing Sources Properly: Proper citation is essential in academic writing. Be diligent in
citing all sources used in your literature review according to the appropriate citation style
(e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago). This not only gives credit to the original authors but also adds
credibility to your work.
7. Seeking Feedback and Revision: Before finalizing your literature review, seek feedback
from peers, mentors, or academic advisors. Constructive criticism can help refine your
arguments and improve the overall quality of your review. Be open to revisions and iterate on
your draft accordingly.

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Lourdes Villarreal, Ph.D. Writing Center Claremont Graduate University. In some cases, the
professor may fail to provide you with a topic, which tasks you with the responsibility of coming up
with one. You should chase down and use the reference if the reference author links to another
source whose thoughts are relevant or fascinating. Also, make sure the sources are trustworthy and
come from respected places. This type of review serves to place certain research through its historical
context to show the developments and any predictable future. Along with preventing it, a literature
review also underlines the things that can be taken up for research. Alternatively, you can use a
database, or keywords to find sources fast. Information seeking Critical Reading Synthesis and
structure Reflections on your literature review. We recommend that an expert on the subject of the
review review the issues still in the protocol construction phase. Literature Review Structure: Chart
out a structure for your review and categorise the obtained data and your findings accordingly.
Specialized magazines (for example, business magazines for management students) may be more
useful. We have a team of academic writers who are experienced. Scope: Make an effort to
understand the extent of scope that your topic offers. An interesting approach for when we have a
large amount of primary studies is to have a researcher to extract data and another to check the data
that has already been extracted. In these cases, it is necessary to read the introduction and
conclusion. Another good source of literature other than the internet is in libraries. In such a scenario,
constructing a literature review will help you. LexiVibe: Virtual Reality-based Vocabulary Learning
Environment for Visually. Utilizes Evidence: Enhances credibility by citing expert findings and
theories. Define the research questions you intend to answer with the review. We'll show you how to
make this tough task simpler. Presentation Outline: What “Literature Review” is and its importance.
The goal of the Lit Review is not to list as many books, papers, and reports as feasible. Learning
From Secondary Research Evaluating Primary Research Additional information. 1: What is a
literature review. For the first part see Slaying the (literature review) beast: Part 1. You will find
yourself writing and rewriting as you evaluate what you have written. Step 4: Create An Outline In
this crucial step, determine the organizational structure of your review, which will serve as the
foundation for your written work. You should use quotations marks, so it can recognize as a directly
quoted text and not a paraphrase. Magazines aimed at a wide audience, such as Time, Us, and
National Enquirer, will not provide you with the information you require. Question: You must state a
question based on your comprehensive understanding of all studies; it can act as a starting point for
your research.
Now equipped with the essential steps to start your literature review, you're set on the right path.
Nonetheless, this type of literature review can bring in bias when used to summarize claims,
especially in systematic reviews. Stop Bullying Yourself - Take Charge of Your Life Stop Bullying
Yourself - Take Charge of Your Life Embracing E-Learning: The Digital Footprints of University
Students (Borneo E. Nova has also worked as a technical and scientific writer. You should focus on
the description of the situation or problem, and explanation of why the problem has occurred and
how the study will potentially address it. Presentation Outline: What “Literature Review” is and its
importance. While a single source may only appear once in an annotated Works Cited list, it may be
mentioned multiple times in a Lit Review, depending on its significance in the area or its relationship
to other sources. It is not a good idea to aim to cover everything pertaining to a single topic. Have a
time frame where you will focus your search. Then, find appropriate books in the library and check
them out. Step 5: Begin The Writing Process Upon gathering and organizing sources, begin the
writing phase: Introduction: Begin by stating your research question and explaining why your review
is important. The following are the main sections and subsections of a Literature Review:
Introduction Related works Planning the review Identification of the topic to be researched
Specifying Research Questions Construction and development of the protocol Protocol evaluation
Conducting the review Search identification Selection of primary studies Evaluation of studies. All
the materials from our website should be used with proper references. Our products include
academic papers of varying complexity and other personalized services, along with research materials
for assistance purposes only. In this way, the bibliography is the window to the author and the paper.
The theoretical framework is the concepts and theories upon which your work is based. Your work
and your findings will be significant only to the extent that they are the same as, or different from,
other people’s work. This helps create a coherent narrative and highlights the connections between
different works. Validate the protocol A fundamental step that must be done with the help of the
advisor or specialist in the area. Acknowledging Limitations: It helps you in acknowledging the
limitations of your study and shaping it accordingly. All your references do not need to be included
here. Magazines aimed at a wide audience, such as Time, Us, and National Enquirer, will not provide
you with the information you require. Repeat the planning steps as many times as necessary to be
sure. Example: If reviewing literature on climate change, themes could include the impact on
ecosystems, societal responses, and mitigation strategies. This was in response to the library
becoming more technologically advanced by offering information technology services and
multimedia services within the context of new undergraduate degrees being offered at the university
(Kealy, 2009: 573). Incoherent: Writing a review that’s absolutely incoherent and lack of flow in
your arguments. Results and Why They Matter Sum up what the study found. Using student-created
research has a number of drawbacks: 1) they are frequently unpublished and only available through
interlibrary loan; 2) the student conducting the research may not be a seasoned researcher. Select
primary studies: At this stage you will have to select which studies will be considered in your review.
We recommend that an expert on the subject of the review review the issues still in the protocol
construction phase.
Once you are done sorting, place each pile into an envelope and label the envelope according to the
theme. If allowed by your professor, you can even add your interpretation. Your work and your
findings will be significant only to the extent that they are the same as, or different from, other
people’s work. Does the research use the usual methods, or is it trying something new. All your
references do not need to be included here. The library also runs classes on how to improve your
literature searching strategy if you would first want to rather try that. By the end, you'll know how to
create a compelling literature review and add your own ideas to the mix. Survey the literature
Develop an understanding of the issues Subject your understanding to critical thinking processes.
The Value and Purpose of the Traditional Qualitative Literature Review This section of the literature
review examines factors influencing whether or not a person is likely to conform that are (1) in the
situation, and (2) within the individual.” 8. Relevance to thesis is made clear. Literature Reviews as
Ways of Hearing the Conversation. We have a team of academic writers who are experienced. When
you review multiple studies in one paragraph, group them according to key. And among many
options, you can choose a favorite writer. Skim reading allows you to quickly grasp what the article
is about, and its value. She is majorly involved in developing and reviewing online content plans that
engage and resonate with audiences. Do this for all the sources you intend to use in your review.
Does it really match up with what you're trying to find out. Let’s start with the obvious: Google does
not have all the answers. Plagiarism: Including references without any citation, using the author’s
exact phrases without making any changes, using quotes to denote that the words belong to someone
else but not giving credits to them. Identify the gaps within and select a relevant topic. Also, because
textbooks are designed for teaching rather than research, they are unlikely to be effective in your Lit
Review. An article review is both a summary and an evaluation of another writer’s article. For the
first two parts see Slaying the (literature review) beast: Part 1 and Slaying the (literature review)
beast: Part 2. You need not have a theoretical framework only when you are testing a theory, you can
have them for all sorts of studies including qualitative, quantitative etc. It should be a synthesis and
analysis of the relevant published work, linked at all times to your objective and rationale of your
study. Here, find out information about selecting a creative literature However, if you are writing a
review in the humanities, history, or social sciences, a survey of the history of the literature may be
what is needed, because what is important is how perspectives have changed through the years or
within a certain time period. Question: You must state a question based on your comprehensive
understanding of all studies; it can act as a starting point for your research. Utilizes Evidence:
Enhances credibility by citing expert findings and theories. A search strategy helps prevent that, by
using punctuation and keywords to make the database understand exactly what you want. In action
research articles, this is also the section where you will likely find discussions of additional
information gathering, or reconnaissance.
Your contribution is to organize the concepts from the sources into a coherent argument or narrative
that incorporates your views. Let’s start with the obvious: Google does not have all the answers.
Crafting a literature review is a strategic process encompassing various vital steps to ensure a
comprehensive and coherent review. To many, nonverbal communication may take a back seat to
verbal communication. It means you apply a theory to test a particular case. Previous literature
reviews in the same area, or in similar areas, may help to define these issues. Lisa Eblen, MLIS,
AHIP Research Symposium 16 November 2011. Information Resources Bibliographic database A
bibliographic or library database is a collection of bibliographic information. This is a prime example
of an organisation requiring to adapt and being flexible in a changing environment in order to remain
relevant and competitive (Prahalad and Hamel, 1990: 1). Therefore these valuable resources won’t
even be searched (becoming invisible to Google). Look at how the review is done by covering key
information from the study while. More often than not, different interpretations on the same subject
might change your perspective towards the same. Discusses relevant literature already published on a
topic Relates this existing literature to the specific essay question. By: Andrew P. Johnson. Sources
for the Literature Review. There is no universal definition of what a quality study is, but the
literature suggests that these studies have little or no bias, and that internal and external validity is
maximized. Sources not directly cited in the Lit Review should not be listed in the Works Cited list.
In case your results are different, you can use a literature review to discuss why your results are
different and mention if the difference is important in the research topic. As you sort them, try to
find out the main theme of the text, and place these excerpts according to the themes. Repeat the
planning steps as many times as necessary to be sure. We'll show you how to make this tough task
simpler. A narrative literature review also offers conclusions on the subject and sheds light on any
existing gaps or inconsistencies in the subject field. The library was pro-active in adopting a new
service model as it took cognisance of the fact that there would be a greater emphasis on supporting
academics and their research; and ensuring that library staff were appropriately skilled to support
these services into the future (Kealy, 2009: 573). A literature review summarises and synthesises
what is known about your topic in relation to your objectives. The literature body will have any
relevant studies which relate to the said hypotheses. Clarity and Conciseness Write with clarity and
conciseness. Source: Effective Writing Center, University of Maryland. Stop Bullying Yourself -
Take Charge of Your Life Stop Bullying Yourself - Take Charge of Your Life Embracing E-Learning:
The Digital Footprints of University Students (Borneo E. Literature Review Structure: Chart out a
structure for your review and categorise the obtained data and your findings accordingly. This will
allow you to open windows in order to frame your kind of research. This allows you to organize
your thoughts and discoveries into a logical totality.
It critically analyzes, synthesizes, and evaluates the sources to give your reader a clear picture that
you are conversant with the subject. An article review is both a summary and an evaluation of
another writer’s article. For instance, if you want to write a literature review as a stand-alone
assignment, the professor may have given you a topic. They are on a variety of topics and at all
academic levels. Data synthesis Reporting the review Explaining how results will be displayed
sorting the data Writing the results and their interpretation Evaluating the results Threats to Study
Validity Conclusion References Appendices Conclusion Finally, we recommend that you read the
references and examples of systematic reviews we have selected below to learn more about this type
of literature review, as this article is not intended to be a complete guide. LexiVibe: Virtual Reality-
based Vocabulary Learning Environment for Visually. Writing a literature review can be
overwhelming when starting out and if it is your first literature review. Conclusion: The primary
objective of any review is to arrive at a particular conclusion. This is not easy, and many people
struggle with this assignment because they find it hard to follow the protocol. Identify the gaps
within and select a relevant topic. This step is very important as this protocol will determine how all
research will be conducted. It should be a synthesis and analysis of the relevant published work,
linked at all times to your objective and rationale of your study. However, most people end up
merely listing and summarizing their sources in chronological order. Learning outcomes. By the end
of this chapter you should: Understand the importance and purpose of the critical literature review
to your research project; To be able to adopt a critical perspective in your reading. The library also
offers a workshop called “ Improving your literature search strategy.”. Define the background for the
research project Present evidence that the work is original. It also helps highlight the noteworthy
areas of the research as well as gaps. We'll show you how to make this tough task simpler. Video
Capsule Enteroscopy in the Diagnosis of Celiac Disease: A multicenter Study. You can get a topic to
research on by brainstorming, consulting your professor, or checking for relevant issues on the
matter. If still, you need further guidance, seek the help of Literature Review Writing Service. In
addition, you can talk about how and why the different sources choose particular methodologies,
such as whether the source is sociological, cultural, or historical. Likewise, if you’re a corporate
office employee, you may be required to conduct research. You should also elucidate the research
connected to these variables. Introduction. Essential step in the research Body of knowledge is in
written form-the literature Source of ideas on topics for research Source of information on research
already done by others Source of methodological or theoretical ideas. Walau bagaimanapun, Boyd
(2010) berpandangan pesimistik terhadap. Stop Bullying Yourself - Take Charge of Your Life Stop
Bullying Yourself - Take Charge of Your Life Embracing E-Learning: The Digital Footprints of
University Students (Borneo E. Include Names: Include the names of the authors of the chosen
theories. See how this publication links up with what's already out there. So instead of focusing on
the content, it focuses on the method used in data analysis.
Use your conceptual schema to identify where you will begin and in what order. Repeat the planning
steps as many times as necessary to be sure. This was in response to the library becoming more
technologically advanced by offering information technology services and multimedia services
within the context of new undergraduate degrees being offered at the university (Kealy, 2009: 573).
Internship Reports Students of any university can download the internship report example as well as
internship report template and format in. A summary can easily be made in this way and transformed
into a well-flowing, logical literature review. Bolin TD, Wong S, Ult GC, Crouch R, Engelman JL
and Riordan SM. Demonstrate how each piece of research contributes to the overall understanding
of your chosen topic. What flaws do you believe should be addressed in your paper. The steps must
be well defined and followed to the letter to reduce the possibility of errors in the execution of the
review. Nova has a passion for writing that engages and informs her readers. Furthermore, this
section shifts the emphasis from broad perspectives to a single aspect of the investigation. However,
a literature review is more than just an annotated study-by-study summary. Create the review
protocol In this protocol, the entire step-by-step procedure for reviewing is defined. It is not a good
idea to aim to cover everything pertaining to a single topic. It determines that variables that ought to
be measured, the relationships that you want to establish between them. These will also be used to
judge the success of your review. Your work will be based on the ideas and existing research which
you find. Nova has also worked as a technical and scientific writer. Introduction. Essential step in
the research Body of knowledge is in written form-the literature Source of ideas on topics for
research Source of information on research already done by others Source of methodological or
theoretical ideas. For an overview of Mendeley, have a look at the video below. Does the research
use the usual methods, or is it trying something new. Validate the protocol A fundamental step that
must be done with the help of the advisor or specialist in the area. This structure will enable you to
compare the finding, research methods, and results obtained from different approaches. Carefully
edit to ensure logical argument flow and concise writing. Steps for the systematic review We can
summarize the stages of a literature review into three phases: Planning the Review, Conducting the
Review, and Reporting the Review. Synthesize Information Connect the dots between different
studies. It is beneficial when examining how different theories contribute to the understanding of a
phenomenon. Let’s start with the obvious: Google does not have all the answers. A literature review
discusses published information in a particular subject area, and sometimes information in a
particular subject area within a certain time period. The literature review is one of the first and most
crucial tasks in producing an academic paper.
Roles of the literature in research (Fig. 6.1). The entire basis of the research Source of: ideas on
topics for research information on research already done by others methodological or theoretical
ideas. Use your school library’s catalog to make the search easier. Example: If reviewing literature on
climate change, themes could include the impact on ecosystems, societal responses, and mitigation
strategies. The Lit Review should include the most relevant related studies and demonstrate an
understanding of both key past research and practices in the subject and promising current research
and practices. All review authors must participate in the development of the protocol. The theoretical
review helps establish existing methods, their relationship, and the degree to which these theories
have been tested and proven. This may necessitate a close examination of the citation. Also, it aims
to explain the contribution of each publication to understanding the topic. Remember that any error
in planning could compromise your entire research. Walau bagaimanapun, Boyd (2010) berpandangan
pesimistik terhadap. A search strategy helps prevent that, by using punctuation and keywords to
make the database understand exactly what you want. Define the research questions you intend to
answer with the review. Depending on your topic of study, their published findings can be a valuable
source of knowledge. It is due in labs next week, but I strongly suggest that you do the assignment
as soon as you can while the info is still fresh in your mind. Identify any key debates which have
contributed to shaping the direction of the research. Create the review protocol In this protocol, the
entire step-by-step procedure for reviewing is defined. Understand the Basics Figure out the main
ideas and how they're explained. For this reason, I will speak to the literature review, revealing tips
and tricks relating to it, in three different posts. You will need to explain why you chose that
particular type of review- which will be dependent on your research area, problem, and method. Its
purpose is to convey to a reader the historical context of the topic, any trends experienced by the
topic, and how theory on the topic has informed practice of the topic (and vice versa). Therefore, it
aims to find all the relevant publications. Discusses relevant literature already published on a topic
Relates this existing literature to the specific essay question. When done properly, an integrative
review matches similar standards as primary research. So, whatever part of the research paper you
need help with, we will deliver. You wouldn’t want your paper discredited or getting expelled. There
is no universal definition of what a quality study is, but the literature suggests that these studies have
little or no bias, and that internal and external validity is maximized. Comprehend the relationship
between various contributions to your topic. A summary can easily be made in this way and
transformed into a well-flowing, logical literature review. For instance, rather than researching on
WW III, you can opt to focus on France’s Role during WW III. Writing a literature review could be
hard, especially if you have never handled one before.