CSE205: Object Oriented

Programming
Lecture # 14: Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT) - II

Muhammad Imran
(Based on Java, The Complete Reference)
http://www.secscourses.tk

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 Outline
• More AWT Controls
• Choice Control
• Textfield

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 Choice Controls
• The Choice class is used to create a pop-up list of items
from which the user may choose
• Each item in the list is a String that appears as a left-
justified label in the order it is added to the Choice object
• Choice only defines the default constructor, which creates
an empty list

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 Choice Controls
• To add a selection to the list, call addItem() or add()
 void addItem(String name)
 void add(String name)
• To determine which item is currently selected, we may call
either getSelectedItem() or getSelectedIndex()
 String getSelectedItem()
 int getSelectedIndex()
• The first item is at index 0
• By default, the first item added to the list is selected
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 Choice Controls
• To obtain the number of items in the list, call getItemCount()
 int getItemCount()
• We can set the currently selected item using the select()
method with a zero-based integer index or a string that will
match a name in the list
 void select(int index)
 void select(String name)
• Given an index, we can obtain the name associated with the
item at that index by calling getItem(), which has the general
form:
 String getItem(int index)
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 Choice Controls
• Each time a choice is selected, an item event is generated
• Each listener implements the ItemListener interface
• That interface defines the itemStateChanged() method
• An ItemEvent object is supplied as the argument to this
method

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 Choice Controls
// Demonstrate Choice List
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
class MyChoiceList extends Frame implements ItemListener{
Panel panel;
Label label;
String msg="";
Choice os, browser;
MyChoiceList() {
addWindowListener(new MyWindowAdapter());
label = new Label();
os = new Choice();
browser = new Choice();
panel = new Panel(); 7
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 Choice Controls
// add items to os list
os.add("Windows 98");
os.add("Windows NT/2000");
os.add("Solaris");
os.add("MacOS");
// add items to browser list
browser.add("Netscape 1.1");
browser.add("Netscape 2.x");
browser.add("Netscape 3.x");
browser.add("Netscape 4.x");
browser.add("Internet Explorer 3.0");
browser.add("Internet Explorer 4.0");
browser.add("Internet Explorer 5.0");
browser.add("Lynx 2.4"); 8
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 Choice Controls
browser.select("Netscape 4.x");
os.addItemListener(this);
browser.addItemListener(this);
panel.add(os);
panel.add(browser);
panel.add(label);
add(panel);
}
public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent ie)
{
repaint();
}

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 Choice Controls
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
msg = "Current OS: ";
msg += os.getSelectedItem();
msg += "Current Browser: ";
msg += browser.getSelectedItem();
label.setText(msg);
}
}

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 Choice Controls
public class MyChoiceListDemo {
public static void main(String args[]) {
MyChoiceList win=new MyChoiceList();
win.setSize(380,120);
win.setTitle("Choice List");
win.setVisible(true);
}
}
class MyWindowAdapter extends WindowAdapter {
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent we) {
System.exit(0);
}
}
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 Using a TextField
• The TextField class implements a single-line text-entry area
• Text fields allow the user to enter strings and to edit the text
using the arrow keys, cut and paste keys, and mouse
selections
• TextField is a subclass of TextComponent
• TextField defines the following constructors:
 TextField()
 TextField(int numChars)
 TextField(String str)
 TextField(String str, int numChars)
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 Using a TextField
• TextField (and its superclass TextComponent) provides several
methods that allow us to utilize a text field
• To obtain the string currently contained in the text field, call
 String getText()
• To set the text, call
 void setText(String str)

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 Using a TextField
• The user can select a portion of the text in a text field
• We can also select a portion of text under program control by
using
 void select(int startIndex, int endIndex)
• The select() method selects the characters beginning at
startIndex and ending at endIndex-1
• Program can obtain the currently selected text by calling
 String getSelectedText()
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 Using a TextField
• There may be times when we will want the user to enter text that is
not displayed, such as a password
• We can disable the echoing of the characters as they are typed by
calling
 void setEchoChar(char ch)
• This method specifies a single character that the TextField will
display when characters are entered (thus, the actual characters
typed will not be shown)

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 Using a TextField
• Program generally will not respond to individual key
events that occur within a text field

• However, we may want to respond when the user presses

Enter key

• When this occurs, an action event is generated

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 Using a TextField
// Demonstrate TextField
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
class MyTextField extends Frame implements ActionListener{
Panel panel;
Label label, nlabel, plabel;
String msg="";
TextField name, pass;
MyTextField()
{
addWindowListener(new MyWindowAdapter());
label = new Label();
nlabel = new Label("Name: ",Label.RIGHT);
plabel = new Label("Password: ",Label.RIGHT);

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 Using a TextField
name = new TextField(12);
pass = new TextField(8);
pass.setEchoChar('*');
panel = new Panel();
name.addActionListener(this);
pass.addActionListener(this);
panel.add(nlabel);
panel.add(name);
panel.add(plabel);
panel.add(pass);
panel.add(label);
add(panel);
}

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 Using a TextField
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae)
{
repaint();
}
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
msg = "Name: " + name.getText();
msg += "Selected Text in name: " + name.getSelectedText();
msg += "Password: " + pass.getText();
label.setText(msg);
}
}

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 Using a TextField
public class MyTextFieldDemo {
public static void main(String args[]) {
MyTextField win=new MyTextField();
win.setSize(380,120);
win.setTitle("TextField");
win.setVisible(true);
}
}
class MyWindowAdapter extends WindowAdapter {
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent we) {
System.exit(0);
}
}

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 Recommended Reading
• Chapter # 26: Using AWT Controls, Layout Managers, and
Menus from Herbert Schildt, Java: The Complete
Reference, J2SETM 9th Edition

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