Changing Families: Relationships in Context, Third Canadian Edition

Solution Manual for Changing Families Relationships in

Context Canadian 3rd Edition by Ambert ISBN
0321901630 9780321901637
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Chapter 4
Effects of Economic Changes and
Inequalities on Families

INSTRUCTOR'S INTRODUCTION

Students often think of the economy as something vague, "out there," or they think of
corporations and corporate profits and say, "What does this have to do with the family?" The
economy is perhaps the key organizing structural element of society along with technology; both
work in tandem. New technologies alter economic production, profits, wages, and employment
conditions--all of which affect family life. Political economy perspectives provide the most
efficient framework within which to study the economic situation, social inequalities, resulting
poverty, and their combined effects on families.

What may be very obvious to some of your students is the increasing gap between the very rich
and the less affluent families in Canada. There are more billionaires and millionaires as well as
more very rich families than just five years ago, all in great part because of the expansion of
information technologies and their effect on the stock market. But, at the same time, nearly as many
families as before have extremely low income and there are indications that the middle class is
thinning out. The addition of the information technology to the market economy has resulted in a
technological economy that disadvantages the majority of families whose heads do not have a
college degree. The concentration of power within the hands of a few and their influence on the
political institutions prevent the development of social policies that would prevent poverty.

ADDITIONAL CLASS MATERIAL

Had I had the space, I might have briefly discussed the fact that globalization is not a new historical
phenomenon. One can think here of the reach of the Roman Empire. One can also think of
medieval times. An interesting and well documented book in this respect is Power and profit: The
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc.
20
 Changing Families: Relationships in Context, Third Canadian Edition
merchant in Medieval Europe, 2002, by Peter Spufford, New York: Thames & Hudson. Very good
presentations on trade, multinational companies, banks, credit, and slavery, among others, all
within the European Medieval context.

CHAPTER LINKAGES

1. This chapter complements some of the themes in Chapter 2 on minority-group families:

Economic inequalities between families affect non-white groups far more than others.

2. Closely related also to Chapter 2 is the new discussion regarding the Sociohistorical Sources
of Poverty, which largely focuses on Aboriginal families.

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc.

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 Changing Families: Relationships in Context, Third Canadian Edition

3. Gender differences and gender roles, first broached in Chapter 1 in the sections on feminism
and feminist political economy theories, are apparent throughout Chapter 4, whether in terms
of the household division of labour, pay inequities, single mothering (as opposed to single
fathering which is rarely put into question), divorce, and in terms of the consequences of
poverty, which differ for fathers and mothers.

4. The entire presentation on family poverty can be linked to the section on society’s failures
toward families in Chapter 3. The demands placed by the economy on families amplify their
burdens and, often, increase the number of responsibilities they have to shoulder.

6. The discussion on the role played by the media on family life (Chapter 3) is closely linked to
this chapter’s section on the rise of consumerism in family life.

SUGGESTIONS FOR DISCUSSIONS, PROJECTS, PAPERS

1. This chapter allows an instructor who is interested in the effect of poverty on families to
focus on this issue. Depending on class size, students can be asked to collect newspaper
clippings that have anything to do with poverty and the family. It is actually surprising how
many of these items appear in newspapers. This could also raise students' consciousness
about the spider web ramifications of poverty for disadvantaged families. The discussion could
be extended to poor families in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

2. This chapter and the next one present an excellent opportunity for the following project: Ask
students to photocopy those sections in this and previous chapters that "hang together" in terms
of social inequalities and to link them together with some text of their own, as if they were
designing a new chapter. Students could choose one or two of the theoretical perspectives
presented in Chapter 1 as a framework. Political economy theories as well as parts of rational
theories (capital) would be indicated. But one could also see how someone could elect to use a
feminist approach.

3. Students could be asked to go into the Suggested Weblinks and choose a Table (with
numbers) that addresses an issue related to economic changes or the impact of the economy
on family life. A very educational exercise consists in asking students to “read” the Table in
words and put this “reading” in written form. This exercise hones their sense of logic, helps
them understand basic numbers, and gives them some self-confidence in this much-neglected
aspect of their education (numerical literacy). This exercise can be done individually or in a
small group format.

SUGGESTED MEDIA

The CBC series Till Debt Do Us Part offers a dose of family economics as well as couple
relationships. One of these 25-minute segments could be of great practical interest to students.
(This might also help them in terms of “financial literacy.”)

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc.

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 Changing Families: Relationships in Context, Third Canadian Edition

SUGGESTED READING

Maclean’s November 16, 2009 issue, has an enlightening article by Nancy Macdonald on how
much food we throw away (pp. 44-46, in the Environment section).

SHORT ESSAY QUESTIONS

1. How does the economy affect family structure and family life?

2. Use a feminist perspective to critique the question: Is maternal employment detrimental

to children?

3. How can parental employment actually deprive children of social capital?

4. Summarize the consequences of poverty for children.

Copyright © 2014 Pearson Canada Inc.

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