I Basics of modulation

Modulation Conversion
of b
coded bits to a M 2 signalspare dful
Modulated
signal

ult Alt aus not 414

with cos
β cos cos
pl sin
pAltl
sin x

wot sin sin Wot

At cos 11H cos
yt

FWF.in Effect
VIIH Va t

in tomplex form

ᵗ
ult Re he 1H eJ mit e CH
eiltltjey.CH
ey cos wot ey sin wot ejot.co wot
tjsin
wot

I Description in signalspace

M Signalform in groups for earh K bit

ult Mi t KT it 1,2 M kt t 61 T

Description as complex symbol

dh d 61 d die 2k
j M
c
k
for 1.2 M
with T KTb
a
Amplitude Shift Keying ASKI
M diarete amplitude levels

Milt Ai cos wot 0 t.LT i 1,2 M

Ai di i 1 2 M
decision boundary
A di
di Alm i

I di

b Phase
Shift keying PSK
const amplitude and M disirete phase

Mi t A cos Not Yi OE t ET 1 1 M

Aconst Yi 24m i n
8 PSK
di
d
d ejti.es m1i 1l
ds
d di
Mm
do s aortenary
g MASK M 2 M Ary

c Amplitude Phase Shift Keying APK Hybrid

of Ask PSK

M disint phases Yi and I diarete amplitude levels Ai

ult Ai cos Not Yi
Yi 27 i n
 Adi
ᵈ i n
di An ej m

ds d
7 di
do do

dy

d Quadrature Amplituden Modulation

M 2 k even
Milt Ai cos not
Adi L Id M 2 Amphitudenstuten

e.g 16 QAM
di

e Differentiele PSK PSK

Mlt Acos not 41k mit 416 Y61 Ali

Ali 24mi 4 4 0.5

di
dg de
ds
QQPSK 4
d di
do
ᵈ8
d
TI Discrete Frequency
Modulation

a Frequency shift keying FSK

Milt A ios wit Yo 0 Et ET

with Ui til i 1 M

A const
Yo toast

Misk t A cos wotdlhl.tw t Ay kt d 411

for a bit interval

4 1161117 Y ki d h 2 1 AFT 17
with 12 LAF T
AW 2TAF

b Minimum Shift Keying MSK

1 0,5

Visk It ios not 91111

ej It coslooth e sin not

As quadrature modulation
e t ed eitt t
je

2 It kt
114 gmsu
 1 GMSK
t

MFM It A ios Wot t 2T At

f0
Slt di

Aws Not 4H11

Problem
for discrete sle there is stillabrupt charge

relative high due to sidelobes

freq

freq BW due to soft keying

Solution redure

I introdure Gaussian
filter prior FM

information symbol Pum 1

4164.8 t.kz t
9t I 9am dt g.tn
m.t

pulse shaping

filter
I Orthogonal Frequency Division M ltiplexing OFDM

a Principles

Coded bits
Yi divided into several data streams with lover datarates
Simultaneous
symbols
of subcarriers are combined to one OFDM symbol

FM OFDM
n

to 2to 3

A subscriber use turdband M subcarrier withdistance

Af
forcashchannelthere is fi f t Afi i O M1

a guard band TM M To

1Mfoldsymbolduration compared to
wideband modulation

b Advantages and Disadvantages of OFDM

1 1 low tomplexity implementation with IDFT

11 Robustness
against multipath transmission dueto low datarate I rounterto ISI
11 spentrally off b lavie no guardbardneeded

1I high rest rate

c Signal equation

I ft
ult
no
Re east et p
If any ejtymy.tejaf.it

Tomptavelope
fi f ti
Corner
complexenvelope

of subcarrier p p
g
frequency

Re e

ftp.ejdtiftt dicirete
time signal X
for symbol
d
et
by x Ian t let
É di a h o MA

complexsymbol atthesubcarrier
i M Ippt dia
i at time 7

diffmod schemes fordiffhard

posible

d Problems with OFDM

Problems transmission over a channel with multipath propagation

unreactive symbols
mayoverlap
Chapter 8 Seite 3
 OFDM Spectrum

heavilyoverlapping

neighbours arezero
foreverymaximum
between subcarriers signal
no mutualinference
72 Lecture | Advanced Coding and Modulation
Prof. Dr.‐Ing. Peter Jax

atthefreq of Afi resp Fi ft Afi

I Klausuraufgabe

Eigenschaften der
a Modulation

Signalenergic E
f m t dt
Anzahibits
pro
Perioder

Tatsachliche Daturate R K Id MI
I bit
Ts T
Mittlere Sendeleisting
scheinlichkeit

Pip

mit
Pi E Vitti

I
t
victl dt

per Signal
I cos not Q sinhot dt

b Mittler
Signal Leistry

5 Plil si

mit Si di di
Shalieny
c Keine Rauschen

1112 1 an Abstand derEntscheidinggreater

d SNR

Eb
Eyn w

Sendeleitting St Eb R

e Wahle von ult

Amplitude

Abhingigheit von T
Siche Wo im

Siche 9141