Solution Manual for Chemistry Structure and

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9780321834683
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Chemistry: Structure and Properties (Tro)
Chapter 5 Molecules and Compounds

5.1 Multiple Choice Questions

1) An ionic bond is best described as

A) the sharing of electrons.
B) the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.
C) the attraction that holds the atoms together in a polyatomic ion.
D) the attraction between 2 nonmetal atoms.
E) the attraction between 2 metal atoms.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.2
Global: G1

2) A covalent bond is best described as

A) the sharing of electrons between atoms.
B) the transfer of electrons.
C) a bond between a metal and a nonmetal.
D) a bond between a metal and a polyatomic ion.
E) a bond between two polyatomic ions.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.2
Global: G1

3) Give a possible molecular formula for C3H5ClO.

A) C6H10ClO2
B) C5H10Cl2O2
C) C6H10Cl2O2
D) C6H10O2
E) C6H12Cl2O2
Answer: C
1
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Diff: 1 Var: 1 Page Ref: 3.3
LO: 5.1
Global: G2

2
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
4) What is the empirical formula for Hg2(NO3)2?
A) Hg2(NO3)2
B) HgNO3
C) Hg(NO3)2
D) Hg2NO3
E) Hg4(NO3)4
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

5) Give the name for SnO.

A) tin (I) oxide
B) tin (II) oxide
C) tin (III) oxide
D) tin (IV) oxide
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.4
Global: G2

6) Determine the name for TiCO3. Remember that titanium forms several ions.
A) titanium (II) carbonate
B) titanium carbide
C) titanium carbonite
D) titanium (II) carbonite
E) titanium (I) carbonate
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

7) Give the structure for sodium perchlorate.

A) NaClO
B) NaClO2
C) NaClO3
D) NaClO4
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

3
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
8) Write the name for Sn(SO4)2. Remember that Sn forms several ions.
A) tin (I) sulfite
B) tin (IV) sulfate
C) tin sulfide
D) tin (II) sulfite
E) tin (I) sulfate
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

9) Give the name for NaHSO3.

A) sodium sulfite
B) sodium sulfate
C) sodium hydrogen sulfate
D) sodium hydrogen sulfite
E) sodium sulfide
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

10) Give the name for NaHSO3.

A) monosodium sulfite
B) monosodium sulfate
C) sodium bisulfate
D) sodium bisulfite
E) sodium bisulfide
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

11) Give the formula for calcium hydrogen sulfate.

A) CaHSO4
B) Ca2(HSO4)2
C) Ca2HSO4
D) Ca(HSO4)2
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

4
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
12) Give the formula for calcium bisulfate.
A) CaHSO4
B) Ca2(HSO4)2
C) Ca2HSO4
D) Ca(HSO4)2
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

13) Give the name for KMnO4.

A) potassium manganese tetraoxide
B) potassium manganate
C) potassium permanganate
D) potassium permagnesium
E) potassium magnesate
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

14) Determine the name for CoCl2∙6H2O. Remember that Co forms several ions.
A) cobalt chloride hydrate
B) cobalt (I) chloride heptahydrate
C) cobalt (II) chloride heptahydrate
D) cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate
E) cobalt (I) chloride
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

15) Give the correct formula for aluminum sulfate.

A) Al2SO4
B) Al(SO4)3
C) Al3(SO4)2
D) Al2(SO4)3
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

5
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
16) Write the formula for copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate.
A) Cu2SO3∙H5
B) Cu2S∙H2O
C) CuS∙5H2O
D) (CuSO4)5
E) CuSO4∙5H2O
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

17) Determine the name for H2CO3.

A) carbonous acid
B) dihydrogen carbonate
C) carbonic acid
D) hydrocarbonic acid
E) hydrocarbide acid
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

18) Give the formula for sulfurous acid.

A) H2SO3
B) HSO3
C) H2SO4
D) HSO4
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

19) Give the name for H2SO4.

A) sulfuric acid
B) persulfurous acid
C) sulfurous acid
D) hyposulfurous acid
E) persulfuric acid
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

6
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
20) Give the name for HNO3.
A) nitric acid
B) nitrous acid
C) hydrogen nitrate
D) hydrogen nitrite
E) hydrogen nitride
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.6
LO: 5.5
Global: G2

21) Determine the name for P4O10.

A) phosphorus (IV) oxide
B) diphosphorus pentoxide
C) phosphorus oxide
D) phosphorus (II) oxide
E) tetraphosphorus decoxide
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.8
LO: 5.6
Global: G2

22) Determine the name for N2O5.

A) dinitrogen pentoxide
B) nitrogen oxide
C) nitrogen (IV) oxide
D) nitrogen (II) oxide
E) nitrogen tetroxide
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.8
LO: 5.6
Global: G2

23) Calculate the molar mass for Mg(ClO4)2.

A) 223.21 g/mol
B) 123.76 g/mol
C) 119.52 g/mol
D) 247.52 g/mol
E) 75.76 g/mol
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.9
LO: 5.7
Global: G4

7
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24) Calculate the molar mass of Al(C2H3O2)3.
A) 86.03 g/mol
B) 204.13 g/mol
C) 56.00 g/mol
D) 258.09 g/mol
E) 139.99 g/mol
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.9
LO: 5.7
Global: G4

25) Calculate the molar mass of Ca3(PO4)2.

A) 87.05 g/mol
B) 215.21 g/mol
C) 310.18 g/mol
D) 279.21 g/mol
E) 246.18 g/mol
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.9
LO: 5.7
Global: G4

26) Calculate the molar mass of H2CO3.

A) 62.03 g/mol
B) 29.02 g/mol
C) 61.02 g/mol
D) 60.01 g/mol
E) 74.04 g/mol
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.9
LO: 5.7
Global: G4

27) The molecular weight of urea ((NH2)2CO), a compound used as a nitrogen fertilizer, is
________ amu (rounded to one decimal place).
A) 44.0
B) 43.0
C) 60.1
D) 8.0
E) 32.0
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.9
LO: 5.7
Global: G4, G5

8
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
28) How many millimoles of Ca(NO3)2 contain 4.78 × 1022 formula units of Ca(NO3)2? The
molar mass of Ca(NO3)2 is 164.10 g/mol.
A) 12.6 mmol Ca(NO3)2
B) 13.0 mmol Ca(NO3)2
C) 20.7 mmol Ca(NO3)2
D) 79.4 mmol Ca(NO3)2
E) 57.0 mmol Ca(NO3)2
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.9
LO: 5.8
Global: G4

29) How many molecules of N2O4 are in 76.3 g N2O4? The molar mass of N2O4 is 92.02
g/mol.
A) 5.54 × 1025 N2O4 molecules
B) 7.26 × 1023 N2O4 molecules
C) 1.38 × 1024 N2O4 molecules
D) 4.59 × 1025 N2O4 molecules
E) 4.99 × 1023 N2O4 molecules
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.9
LO: 5.8
Global: G4

30) How many moles of N2O4 are in 76.3 g N2O4? The molar mass of N2O4 is 92.02 g/mol.
A) 7.02 × 103 moles
B) 1.42 × 10-4 moles
C) 1.00 mole
D) 1.21 moles
E) 0.829 moles
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.9
LO: 5.8
Global: G4

9
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
31) How many C2H4 molecules are contained in 45.8 mg of C2H4? The molar mass of C2H4 is
28.05 g/mol.
A) 9.83 × 1020 C2H4 molecules
B) 7.74 × 1026 C2H4 molecules
C) 2.71 × 1020 C2H4 molecules
D) 3.69 × 1023 C2H4 molecules
E) 4.69 × 1023 C2H4 molecules
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.9
LO: 5.8
Global: G4

32) What is the mass (in kg) of 6.89 × 1025 molecules of CO2? The molar mass of CO2 is 44.01
g/mol.
A) 3.85 kg
B) 5.04 kg
C) 2.60 kg
D) 3.03 kg
E) 6.39 kg
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.9
LO: 5.8
Global: G4

33) Calculate the mass percent composition of sulfur in Al2(SO4)3.

A) 28.12 %
B) 9.372 %
C) 42.73 %
D) 21.38 %
E) 35.97 %
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.10
LO: 3.9a
Global: G4

34) Calculate the mass percent composition of lithium in Li3PO4.

A) 26.75 %
B) 17.98 %
C) 30.72 %
D) 55.27 %
E) 20.82 %
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.10
LO: 3.9a
Global: G4
10
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
35) How many atoms of oxygen are contained in 47.6 g of Al2(CO3)3? The molar mass of
Al2(CO3)3 is 233.99 g/mol.
A) 1.23 × 1023 O atoms
B) 2.96 × 1024 O atoms
C) 2.87 × 1025 O atoms
D) 1.10 × 1024 O atoms
E) 3.68 × 1023 O atoms
Answer: D
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.10
LO: 5.8
Global: G4

36) How many atoms of carbon are contained in 47.6 g of Al2(CO3)3? The molar mass of
Al2(CO3)3 is 233.99 g/mol.
A) 1.23 × 1023 C atoms
B) 2.96 × 1024 C atoms
C) 2.87 × 1025 C atoms
D) 1.10 × 1024 C atoms
E) 3.68 × 1023 C atoms
Answer: E
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.10
LO: 5.8
Global: G4

37) How many sodium ions are contained in 99.6 mg of Na2SO3? The molar mass of Na2SO3
is 126.05 g/mol.
A) 1.52 × 1027 sodium ions
B) 4.76 × 1020 sodium ions
C) 2.10 × 1021 sodium ions
D) 1.05 × 1021 sodium ions
E) 9.52 × 1020 sodium ions
Answer: E
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.10
LO: 5.8
Global: G4

11
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
38) How many SO32- ions are contained in 99.6 mg of Na2SO3? The molar mass of Na2SO3 is
126.05 g/mol.
A) 1.52 × 1027 SO32- ions
B) 4.76 × 1020 SO32- ions
C) 2.10 × 1021 SO32- ions
D) 1.05 × 1021 SO32- ions
E) 9.52 × 1020 SO32- ions
Answer: B
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.10
LO: 5.8
Global: G4

39) Determine the volume of hexane that contains 5.33 × 1022 molecules of hexane. The density
of hexane is 0.6548 g/mL and its molar mass is 86.17 g/mol.
A) 8.59 mL
B) 13.5 mL
C) 7.40 mL
D) 12.4 mL
E) 11.6 mL
Answer: E
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.10
LO: 5.8
Global: G4

40) How many molecules of butane are contained in 25.0 mL of butane? The density of butane
is 0.6011 g/mL and the molar mass is 58.12 g/mol.
A) 2.59 × 1023 molecules butane
B) 1.46 × 1027 molecules butane
C) 6.87 × 1023 molecules butane
D) 1.56 × 1023 molecules butane
E) 7.14 × 1025 molecules butane
Answer: D
Diff: 4 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.10
LO: 5.8
Global: G4

12
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
41) Determine the molecular formula of a compound that has a molar mass of 183.2 g/mol and
an empirical formula of C2H5O2.
A) C2H5O2
B) C6H15O6
C) C3H7O3
D) C4H10O4
E) C8H20O8
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 3.10
LO: 3.10b
Global: G4

42) Determine the molecular formula of a compound that has a molar mass of 92.0 g/mol and an
empirical formula of NO2.
A) N2O3
B) N3O6
C) N2O4
D) NO2
E) N2O5
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.11
LO: 5.13
Global: G4

43) Determine the empirical formula for a compound that is 36.86% N and 63.14% O by mass.
A) NO
B) N2O
C) NO2
D) N2O3
E) NO3
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.11
LO: 5.12
Global: G4

13
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44) Determine the empirical formula for a compound that is found to contain 10.15 mg P and
34.85 mg Cl.
A) P3Cl
B) PCl
C) PCl2
D) P2Cl3
E) PCl3
Answer: E
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.11
LO: 5.12
Global: G4

45) Determine the empirical formula for a compound that contains C, H and O. It contains
52.14% C and 34.73% O by mass.
A) C2H6O
B) CHO
C) C4H13O2
D) CH4O3
E) CH3O
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.11
LO: 5.12
Global: G4

46) Determine the molecular formula for a compound that is 70.79% carbon, 8.91% hydrogen,
4.59% nitrogen, and 15.72% oxygen.
A) C18H27NO3
B) C18H27NO2
C) C17H27NO3
D) C17H26NO3
Answer: A
Diff: 5 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.11
LO: 5.13
Global: G4

47) Determine the molecular formula of a compound that is 49.48% carbon, 5.19% hydrogen,
28.85% nitrogen, and 16.48% oxygen. The molecular weight is 194.19 g/mol.
A) C8H12N4O2
B) C4H5N2O
C) C8H10N4O2
D) C8H10N2O
Answer: C
Diff: 5 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.11
LO: 5.13
Global: G4
14
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48) Combustion analysis of 63.8 mg of a C, H and O containing compound produced 145.0 mg
of CO2 and 59.38 mg of H2O. What is the empirical formula for the compound?
A) C5H2O
B) CHO
C) C3H6O
D) C3H7O
E) C6HO3
Answer: C
Diff: 5 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.11
LO: 5.14
Global: G4

49) Which of the following is one possible form of pentane?

A) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3
B) CH3CH=CHCH2CH3
C) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
D) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2
E) CH3CH2-O-CH2CH2CH3
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.12
Global: G2

50) Which of the following compounds is ethanol?

A) C2H6
B) C2H5OH
C) CH3CO2H
D) CH3CO2CH3
E) CH3OCH3
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.12
Global: G2

51) Which of the following compounds is nail polish remover?

A) (CH3)2C=O
B) C2H5OH
C) CH3CO2H
D) CH3CO2CH3
E) CH3OCH3
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Var: 1 Page Ref: 5.12
Global: G2

15
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