Grade 7 Science Ques

Grade 07 : Science
Exam Important Questions

Sr. No Chapter Name Pg no.
1 Nutrition in Plants 1
2 Nutrition in Animals 6
3 Heat 10
4 Acids, Bases and Salts 15
5 Physical and Chemical Changes 19
6 Respiration in Organisms 23
7 Transportation in Animals and 26
Plants
8 Reproduction in Plants 32
9 Motion and Time 38
Nutrition in Plants
1
2
3
4
5
Nutrition in Animals
6
7
8
9
Heat
10
11
12
13
14
Acids, Bases and Salts
15
Topic : Exam Important Questions
1. State differences between acids and bases.

[3 marks]
Solution:
Acids Bases
[1
Generally sour in taste Generally bitter in taste
mark]
Do not change the colour of the [1
Turn blue litmus paper red
blue litmus paper mark]
Do not change the colour of the [1
Turn red litmus paper blue
red litmus paper mark]
2. You are provided with three test tubes containing sugar solution, baking soda
solution and tamarind solution. Explain how can you identify the nature of
each of these solutions using litmus paper.
[5 marks]
Solution:
Red litmus paper remains red in acidic and neutral solutions but turns
blue in basic solutions. [1 mark]
Blue litmus paper remains blue in basic and neutral solutions but turns
red in acidic solutions. [1 mark]
The observations after dipping red and blue litmus papers in the solutions
are as follows:
Sugar solution: The colour of both red and blue litmus paper will
remain unchanged indicating that the sugar solution is neutral in
nature. [1 mark]
Baking soda solution: The colour of red litmus paper will turn blue and
blue litmus paper will remain unchanged indicating that the baking
soda solution is basic in nature. [1 mark]
Tamarind solution: The colour of blue litmus paper will turn red and red
litmus paper will remain unchanged indicating that the tamarind
solution is acidic in nature. [1 mark]
16
Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd. Exam Important Questions
3. Boojho, Paheli and their friend Golu were provided with a test tube each
containing China rose solution which was pink in colour. Boojho added two
drops of solution ‘A’ in his test tube and got dark pink colour. Paheli added 2
drops of solution ‘B’ to her test tube and got green colour. Golu added 2 drops
of solution ‘C’ but could not get any change in colour. Suggest the possible
cause for the variation in their results.
[2 marks]
Solution:
The possible cause for the variation in the colour of the solutions A, B and
C after adding china rose solution to them is as follows:
China rose solution is light pink in colour in neutral solutions, turns
dark pink in acidic solutions and green in basic solutions. [1 mark]
Therefore, solution A which turned dark pink must be acidic in nature,
solution B which turned green must be basic in nature and solution C
which didn't show any colour change must be neutral in nature. [1
mark]
4. Is the distilled water acidic/basic/neutral? How would you verify it?

[2 Marks]
Solution:
Distilled water is neutral. [0.5 marks]
We can verify it by using blue and red litmus paper. [0.5 marks]
Neither blue nor red litmus paper change their colour when dipped in
distilled water.[1 mark]
5. Name the source from which litmus solution is obtained. What is the use of
this solution?
[2 marks]
Solution:
Litmus solution is a mixture of dyes extracted from lichens. [1 mark]
Litmus solution is used to determine whether a solution is acidic or
basic through distinct colour changes. [1 mark]
17
6. Define acids. Name the acids present in lemons and vinegar.

[2 marks]
Solution:
Acids are substances that are generally sour in taste. [1 mark]
Lemons contain citric acid and vinegar contains acetic acid. [1 mark]
7. We brush our teeth with toothpaste that is basic in nature. Explain why?
[2 marks]
∙ The bacteria present in our mouth produce acid which tends to decay our
tooth. [1 mark]
∙ The basic compounds present in toothpaste neutralize the acids produced
by the bacteria and prevent the decay of our tooth. [1 mark]
8. What do you understand by soil treatment? What should we do if the soil is

too acidic? What should we do if the soil is too basic?
[3 marks]
∙ With the increase in demand of crops, farmers have started using

excessive fertilizers which is affecting the acid-base balance in the
soil. Plants do not grow well when the soil is either too acidic or too basic.
This process of restoring the acid-base balance in the soil is called soil
treatment. [1 mark]
∙ When the soil is too acidic, it is treated with bases like quicklime (calcium
oxide) or slaked lime. [1 mark]

∙ If the soil is too basic, organic matter is added to it, which neutralizes the
basic nature of the soil by releasing acids. [1 mark]
18
Physical and Chemical
Changes
19
Physical and Chemical Changes
1. If you leave a piece of iron in the open for a few days, it acquires a film of
brownish substance, called rust.
(a) Do you think rust is different from iron?
(b) Can you change rust back into iron by some simple method.
(c) Do you think formation of rust from iron is a chemical change?
(d) Give two other examples of a similar type of change.
[4 marks]
[NCERT Exemplar Q.21]
[Rusting]
Solution:
(a) Rust is hydrated iron oxide and it is not the same as iron. [1 mark]
(b) Rusting of iron leads to the transformation of iron into a new substance
called rust. It cannot be reversed by any simple method. [1 mark]
(c) Yes, rusting of iron is a chemical change. During the rusting of iron, it
combines with oxygen in the presence of water (moisture) to form a new
substance called rust. [1 mark]
(d) Burning of paper and cooking of vegetables are two other examples of
chemical change. [1 mark]
2. Explain how the painting of an iron gate prevents it from rusting. [1 mark]
Painting of an iron gate prevents it from rusting because it cuts the direct
contact of iron from the air (oxygen) and moisture which are necessary for
rusting to take place. [1 mark]
20
Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd.
3. Liquefied petroleum gas is used in kitchens. When the gas is in a cylinder, it is

in the liquid state. When it comes out of the cylinder it becomes a gas (change
A), then it burns (change B). Identify the processes A and B with proper
explanation. [3 marks]
∙ LPG is in a liquid state inside the cylinder. However, when it comes out of
the cylinder it becomes a gas. So, it is a physical change, because no new
substance is formed. It is only a change in state. [1 mark]
∙ When the gas comes out and burns, it is a chemical change, because the
LPG gas burns with oxygen and forms carbon dioxide. Heat is also released
while burning the gas.[1 mark]
So, change A is a physical change while change B is a chemical change. [1
mark]
4. Give two examples for each of the following cases:

(a) Physical changes that are reversible
(b) Physical changes that are not reversible
(c) Chemical changes
[3 marks]
Solution:
The two examples of physical change that can be reversed are folding
of paper and melting of ice. [1 mark]
The two examples of physical change that cannot be reversed are
tearing of paper and breaking of glass. [1 mark]
The two examples of chemical changes are burning of wood and
rusting of iron. [1 mark]
5. What kind of change is shown by tearing of paper? (1 mark)

Tearing of paper is a physical change that cannot be reversed because
there is no alteration in the chemical composition of paper.
21
6. What are reversible and irreversible changes? Give one example for each. [2
marks]
Reversible change : When a change in a substance can be reversed by
changing the conditions, it is said to be a reversible change. Example :
Melting of ghee or wax. [1 mark]
Irreversible change : When a substance can not be brought back to its

original state after a change, it is said to be an irreversible change. Example
: Souring of milk. [1 mark]
7. Give examples to explain the difference between changes that can or cannot
be reversed. [3 Marks]
Examples of reversible changes:
- Melting of ice into water: By freezing the water, we can obtain ice
again. [0.5 Mark]
- Folding of paper: By unfolding it, we can undo the change. [0.5 Mark]
- Stretching of rubber band: By releasing the band, it comes back to its
original form. [0.5 Mark]
Example of irreversible changes:

- Burning of paper: When paper is burnt, it turns into ash. The ash cannot be
turned back into paper. [0.5 Mark]
- Bursting of balloon: Once bursted, it cannot get back into its original
shape. [0.5 Mark]
- Cutting of tree: After cutting down of tree, we cannot get back the tree in
the original form. [0.5 Mark]
8. When baking soda is mixed with lemon juice, bubbles of a gas are formed.
What type of change is it? Explain.
[2 marks]
When baking soda is mixed with lemon juice, carbon dioxide gas is
formed along with other substances. The reaction is represented as:
Lemon juice + Baking soda → Carbon dioxide + other substances [1
mark]
Since carbon dioxide gas is one of the new substances formed, this is
a chemical change.[1 mark]
22
Respiration in Organisms
23
Respiration in Organisms: Respiration in Other Organisms
1. What is inhalation and exhalation?

[2 marks]
Solution:
The process in which we take in oxygen rich air is called inhalation. (1 mark)
The process in which we give out carbon dioxide rich air is called exhalation. (1 mark)
2. Write two differences between breathing and respiration.

[2 marks]
Solution:
Breathing Respiration
Breathing involves the process of inhaling oxygen and Respiration is the process that helps us to obtain
exhaling carbon dioxide. (0.5 marks) energy from food. (0.5 marks)
Breathing takes place in respiratory tract. (0.5 marks) Respiration takes place in cells. (0.5 marks)
3. Which gas present in the air is essential for aerobic respiration? What is the role of oxygen during respiration?
[2 marks]
Solution:
Oxygen is the gas present in air that is essential for aerobic respiration. (1 mark)
In a cell, the glucose is broken down into carbon dioxide and water using oxygen and the breakdown of food
releases energy. This process is called cellular respiration. (1 mark)
4. Write a short note on the lime water experiment.

[3 marks]
Solution:
The limewater experiment is used to detect the presence of carbon dioxide in the exhaled air. (1 mark)
In this experiment, we need conical flasks, lime water, corks and bent glass tubes. (1 mark)
To perform this experiment, exhaled air is blown into the limewater which turns it into a milky-white colour. This
colour change confirms the presence of carbon dioxide in the exhaled air. (1 mark)
5. Why does an athlete breathe faster and deeper than usual after finishing the race?
[2 marks]
[NCERT Textbook Q1]
[Anaerobic Respiration]
Solution:
During a race, there is an increased energy requirement while running.(1 mark)
To meet this increased energy requirement, there is an increased oxygen requirement. (0.5 marks)
In order to fulfill high oxygen requirements breathing rate increases. (0.5 marks)

24
Respiration in Organisms: Respiration in Other Organisms
6. List the similarities and differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
(4 marks)
Solution:
The similarities between aerobic and anaerobic respiration are:
Both the processes require glucose (1 mark)
End products of both the processes are carbon dioxide and energy. (1 mark)
The difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration are: (1 mark for each difference)
Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration
1. Occurs in presence of oxygen 1. Occurs in absence of oxygen
2. End products are carbon dioxide and water 2. End products are alcohol or lactic acid and carbon dioxide
7. Which organism is used in wine preparation and why?

[2 marks]
[Anaerobic Respiration]
Solution:
Yeast is used in wine preparation. (1 mark)
Yeast acts on the glucose present in the grapes and converts the glucose into alcohol, carbon dioxide and
energy anaerobically. The alcohol obtained from this is processed to form wine. (1 mark)
8. How do plants respire? (4 marks)

Plant leaves and roots play a major role in the respiration process. (1 mark)
Leaves have small tiny pores called stomata which helps in the gaseous exchange. (1 mark)
Roots don't have stomata. They directly take up the air from the air spaces present in the soil. (1 mark)
Once the air is enters the cell, the oxygen from the air is utilised to produce energy from glucose. (1 mark)
9. What is the breathing organ in insects? What are spiracles? [2 marks]

The breathing organ in insects is the tracheae. (1 mark)
Spiracles are the tracheal openings that allow the entry and exit of air in the insect body. (1 mark)
10. Insects and leaves of a plant have pores through which they exchange gases with the atmosphere. Can you write two
points of differences between these pores with respect to their position, number and extension into the body. [3 marks]
The pores present in leaves are called stomata whereas the pores present in insects are called spiracles. (1 mark)
Differences: (2 marks)
1. Spiracles are present on the sides of insects’ body while stomata are present on the lower surface of leaves.
2. Spiracles lead to an extensive network of the tracheal system which is absent in the leaves.
3. Spiracles are fewer in number as compared to stomata.

25
Transportation in Animals
and Plants
26
27
28
29
30
31
Reproduction in Plants
32
1. A spore is
 A. a broken off piece of the parent organism
 B. a new daughter cell arising from splitting of the parent cell
 C. a thick-walled resistant structure
 D. an outgrowth in the parent body

A spore is a thick-walled resistant structure produced in some organisms.
Spores can survive in harsh climatic conditions such as dry weather or extreme
temperatures. When suitable conditions return, it germinates to form a new
organism.
2. Seed dispersal helps the plants to
A .
grow faster
B .prevent overcrowding
C .invade new habitats

D .
attract plants and animals
Seed dispersal prevents competition between the plant and its own seedlings
for sunlight, water and minerals. It also enables the plants to invade new
habitats for wider distribution.

33
3. Statement I: Bisexual flowers have either stamen or pistil.

Statement II: Pollination in bisexual flowers occurs mostly through self
pollination.
 A. Both the statements are true.
 B. Both the statements are false.
 C. Satement I is true while statement II is false.
 D. Statement I is false while statement II is true.

Bisexual flowers have both male and female reproductive parts in a flower. A
unisexual flower has a male or female reproductive part. Bisexual flowers can
pollinate both by cross pollination as well as self pollination.
4. Which among the following statements are true for sexual reproduction in
flowering plants?
(i) It requires two types of gametes.
(ii) Fertilisation is a compulsory event.
(iii) It results in the formation of zygote.
(iv) Offsprings formed are clones.
 A. (i) and (iv) only
 B. (i), (ii), and (iv) only
 C. (i), (ii), and (iii) only
 D. (i), (iii), and (iv) only

Fertilisation is defined as the fusion of the male and the female gametes which
gives rise to the formation of a new offspring which have similarities and
variations from both its parents. Whereas, clones are identical to the parent
plant and are formed in case of asexual reproduction.

34
5.
Which of the following is not an advantage of vegetative reproduction?
 A. Plants which produce non-viable seeds can be grown.
 B. It is an easier method than sowing seeds.
Such plants produce seeds and fruits much earlier than plants
 C.
produced from other methods.
 D. It is the best method to introduce new genetic traits in the species.
Vegetative propagation does not involve fusion of gametes, thus recombination

of characters from different sources (parents) does not occur. Hence, it cannot
be used to introduce good genetic traits in the species.
6. Which of these conditions can a spore easily withstand?
A . Unavailability of nutrients
B .Extremely high temperature conditions
C .Dry environment
D .Low temperature conditions

Spores are the way fungi and some non-seed plants (ferns and mosses)
reproduce. Spore can survive in unfavourable conditions as they are covered
by a hard protective cover. Due to their small size and light weight, they can be
dispersed easily.

35
7. Describe the various ways by which seeds are dispersed.

[3 marks]
[NCERT Textbook Q8]
[Seed Dispersal]
Solution:
Following are the various ways by which seeds are dispersed with examples.
(a) Dispersal by wind: Seeds of some plants are light-weight and some have
hair-like or wing-like structures present on them. Such seeds can be carried
along with the wind and are thus dispersed by wind. Example: Maple,
drumstick, etc. (1 mark)
(b) Dispersal by water: Dispersal by water takes place in some plants that
grow near water bodies. The coconut seed has a tough fibrous covering which
has plenty of air inside. This helps the coconut seeds to float on water. (1
mark)
(c) Dispersal by animals: Some seeds have spine-like structures on them.

They get stuck on the fur of animals and thus get dispersed to different places.
Examples: Xanthium. Some seeds are swallowed by birds and animals along
with fruits. These seeds get dispersed by birds or as animal droppings. (1
mark)
8. Differentiate between pollination and fertilisation. [1 mark]

The difference between pollination and fertilisation is as following:
(1 mark)
Pollination Fertilisation
The transfer of pollen grains from the The fusion of male and the female
anther to the stigma of a flower. gamete to form a zygote.

36
9. Sketch the reproductive parts of a flower.

[3 marks]
[NCERT Textbook Q5]
[Sexual Reproduction in Plants]
Solution:
(2 marks)
The reproductive parts of a flower are stamen and pistil. The stamen of a
flower includes anther and filament. The pistil of a flower includes stigma,
style and ovary. (1 mark)
10. Name the following parts of the flower from the statements given below-
(a) The part which contains pollen grains.
(b) The part where the female gamete is formed.
(c) The part where pollen grains germinate.
(d) The colourful part of the flower which attracts insects.
[2 marks]
The name of the different parts of the flower based on the statements given
about them are:
(a) Anther (0.5 marks)
(b) Ovary (0.5 marks)
(c) Stigma (0.5 marks)
(d) Petals (0.5 marks)

37
Motion and Time
38
Motion and Time
1. A car covers 20 km in the first hour and 30 km in the last 4 hours. Find:
i) Speed of car in the first hour
ii) Speed of the car in the last four hours
iii) Average speed of the car
[4 marks]
Solution:
i) Speed of the car in the first hour = Distance/Time
= 20 / 1
= 20 km/h
[1 mark]
ii) Speed of the car in the last 4 hours = Distance/Time

= 30 /4
= 7.5 km/h
[1 mark]
iii) Total distance covered = 20 + 30 = 50 km [0.5 marks]
Total time taken = 1 + 4 = 5 h

[0.5 marks]
Average speed = total distance/total time

= 50 / 5
= 10 km/h
[1 mark]
39
Motion and Time
2. The odometer of a car reads 5000 km at the start of a trip and 5480 km at the
end of the trip. If the trip took 8 hr, calculate the average speed of the car in
m/min.
[2 marks]
Total distance covered by the car = (5480 − 5000) km = 480 km
[0.5 marks]
Total time taken = 8 hours
We know,
Average speed = T otal distance covered
T otal time taken
480
= = 60 km/h
8
[1 mark]
We have to express the average speed in m/min. Now,
1 km = 1000 m
and 1 hr = 60 min
60 km/h = m/min = 1000 m/min

60×1000
60
[0.5 marks]
40
Motion and Time
3. With the help of a distance-time graph, find out whether the motion by the
object is uniform motion or non-uniform motion. [2 marks]
(1.5 marks)
The graph is clearly non-linear, therefore the object is undergoing non-

uniform motion. (0.5 marks)
41
Motion and Time
4. Plot a distance-time graph of the tip of the second hand of a clock by selecting
4 points on x-axis and y-axis respectively. The circumference of the circle
traced by the second hand is 64 cm.
[4 marks]
Solution:
Given that, the tip of a second hand of a clock covers a distance of 64 cm in
one rotation, so, the time taken is 60 seconds.
The distance-time graph for this motion can be made by taking four points at
intervals of 15 s. Here are the distances travelled:
i. 16 cm in 15 s
ii. 32 cm in 30 s
iii. 48 cm in 45 s
iv. 64 cm in 60 s
[2 marks]
Hence, the distance-time graph is shown below and the motion is uniform
motion:
[2 marks]
42
Motion and Time
5. Suppose the given two photographs had been taken at an interval of 10 s. If a

distance of 100 m is shown by each partition in these photographs, calculate
the speed of the car.
[2 marks]
Solution:
This question can be solved in two steps.
Step 1:
Given:
The distance between each partition, i.e., OA = AB = BC = 100 m.
Now, the distance travelled by car will be OA + AB = 100 + 100 = 200 m.
Time taken to cover this distance = Time interval between the two
photographs = 10 s
[1 mark]
Step 2:
We know that,
Speed = Distance travelled/ Time taken
Speed = (200 m)/(10 s) = 20 m/s.
Thus, the speed of the car is 20 m/s.

[1 mark]
43
Motion and Time
6. Boojho goes to the football ground to play football. The distance-time graph of
his journey from his home to the ground is given as figure.
(a) What does the graph between point B and C indicate about the motion of
Boojho?
(b) Is the motion between 0 to 4 minutes uniform or non-uniform?
(c) What is his speed between 8 and 12 minutes of his journey?
[3 marks]
(a) Graph between point B and C is a horizontal line which indicates that
Boojho is at rest, i.e. his speed is zero.
(1 mark)
(b) Motion between 0 to 4 minutes is non-uniform as distance-time graph for

this time interval is not a single straight line.
(1 mark)
(c) Speed of Boojho between 8 and 12 minutes of his journey

=
T otal dis tan ce covered in the time interval
T ime interval
=
(225−150) m
= 18.75 m/min
75
=
(12−8) min 4
(1 mark)
44
Motion and Time
7. A simple pendulum takes 20 s to complete 5 oscillations. What is the time

period of the pendulum?
[2 marks]
Time period is defined as the time taken to complete one complete
oscillation.
[0.5 marks]
It is given that the pendiulum takes 20 s to complete 5 oscillation.

[0.5 marks]
Therefore, by unitary method,

One oscillation will take 20/5 = 4 s.
Therefore, the time period of the pendulum will be 4 seconds.
[1 mark]
8. What is a sundial? How does it work? [2 marks]

Sundial: 1 mark
Working: 1 mark
Sundials are the oldest known instruments for telling time. The surface of a
sundial has markings for each hour of daylight. As the Sun moves across
the sky, another part of the sundial casts a shadow on these markings. The
position of the shadow shows what time it is.
Sundial works on the principle that the sun takes up similar positions each
day. Depending on the location of the sun with respect to the dial, the dial
would have different shadows by which people can approximately tell the
time of the day.
45

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Grade 07 : Science

Exam Important Questions

Topic : Exam Important Questions

1. State differences between acids and bases.​

4. Is the distilled water acidic/basic/neutral? How would you verify it?​

6. Define acids. Name the acids present in lemons and vinegar.

by the bacteria and prevent the decay of our tooth. [1 mark]

8. What do you understand by soil treatment? What should we do if the soil is

∙ With the increase in demand of crops, farmers have started using

oxide) or slaked lime. [1 mark]

basic nature of the soil by releasing acids. [1 mark]

3. Liquefied petroleum gas is used in kitchens. When the gas is in a cylinder, it is

4. Give two examples for each of the following cases:

5. What kind of change is shown by tearing of paper? (1 mark)

Irreversible change : When a substance can not be brought back to its

Example of irreversible changes:

Topic : Exam Important Questions

1. What is inhalation and exhalation?

2. Write two differences between breathing and respiration.

4. Write a short note on the lime water experiment.

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd.

Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration

1. Occurs in presence of oxygen 1. Occurs in absence of oxygen

7. Which organism is used in wine preparation and why?

8. How do plants respire? (4 marks)

9. What is the breathing organ in insects? What are spiracles? [2 marks]

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd.

Topic : Exam Important Questions

 A. a broken off piece of the parent organism

 B. a new daughter cell arising from splitting of the parent cell

 C. a thick-walled resistant structure

 D. an outgrowth in the parent body

2. Seed dispersal helps the plants to

C .invade new habitats

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd.

3. Statement I: Bisexual flowers have either stamen or pistil.

 A. Both the statements are true.

 B. Both the statements are false.

 C. Satement I is true while statement II is false.

 D. Statement I is false while statement II is true.

 A. (i) and (iv) only

 B. (i), (ii), and (iv) only

 C. (i), (ii), and (iii) only

 D. (i), (iii), and (iv) only

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd.

 A. Plants which produce non-viable seeds can be grown.

 B. It is an easier method than sowing seeds.

 D. It is the best method to introduce new genetic traits in the species.

Vegetative propagation does not involve fusion of gametes, thus recombination

6. Which of these conditions can a spore easily withstand?

B .Extremely high temperature conditions

D .Low temperature conditions

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd.

7. Describe the various ways by which seeds are dispersed.

(c) Dispersal by animals: Some seeds have spine-like structures on them.

8. Differentiate between pollination and fertilisation. [1 mark]

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd.

9. Sketch the reproductive parts of a flower.

Copyright © Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd.

Topic : Exam Important Questions

ii) Speed of the car in the last 4 hours = Distance/Time

iii) Total distance covered = 20 + 30 = 50 km [0.5 marks]

Total time taken = 1 + 4 = 5 h

1. State differences between acids and bases.

4. Is the distilled water acidic/basic/neutral? How would you verify it?