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Solution Manual For Calculus Early Transcendentals 8Th Edition by Stewart Isbn 1285741552 9781285741550 Full Chapter PDF
Solution Manual For Calculus Early Transcendentals 8Th Edition by Stewart Isbn 1285741552 9781285741550 Full Chapter PDF
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isbn-1285741552-9781285741550/
Solution manual:
https://testbankpack.com/p/solution-manual-for-calculus-early-transcendentals-8th-edition-by-
stewart-isbn-1285741552-9781285741550/
42− 40 2 44− 42 2
From the data, we see that the patient’s heart rate is decreasing from 71 to 66 heartbeats minute after 42 minutes.
After being stable for a while, the patient’s heart rate is dropping.
1
© Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
3. (a) =1− , NOT FOR SALE
(2 −1) The slope appears to be 1.
Using = 1, an equation of the tangent line to the
( 1(1− )) curve at (2 −1) is − (−1) = 1( − 2), or
(i) 1 5 (1 5 −2) 2 = −3.
(ii) 1 9 (1 9 −1 111 111) 1 111 111
(iii) 1 99 (1 99 −1 010 101) 1 010 101
(iv) 1 999 (1 999 −1 001 001) 1 001 001
(v) 2 5 (2 5 −0 666 667) 0 666 667
(vi) 2 1 (2 1 −0 909 091) 0 909 091
(vii) 2 01 (2 01 −0 990 099) 0 990 099
(viii) 2 001 (2 001 −0 999 001) 0 999 001
− 0 = − ( − 0 5) or = − + 12 .
(i) 0 (0 1) −2
(ii) 0 4 (0 4 0 309017) −3 090170
(iii) 0 49 (0 49 0 031411) −3 141076
(iv) 0 499 (0 499 0 003142) −3 141587
(v) 1 (1 −1) −2
(vi) 0 6 (0 6 −0 309017) −3 090170
(vii) 0 51 (0 51 −0 031411) −3 141076
(viii) 0 501 (0 501 −0 003142) −3 141587
5. (a) = ( ) = 40 − 16 2. At = 2, = 40(2) − 16(2)2 = 16. The average velocity between times 2 and 2 + is
ave =
(2+ ) (2) = 40(2 + ) − 16(2 + )2 − 16 = 24 −16 2 = 24 16 , if = .0
(2+ )− 2 − − − 6
−
(i) [2 2 5]: = 0 5, ave = −32 ft s (ii) [2 2 1]: = 0 1, ave = −25 6 ft s
(iii) [2 2 05]: = 0 05, ave = −24 8 ft s (iv) [2 2 01]: = 0 01, ave = −24 16 ft s
(a) = ( ) = 10 − 1 86 2. At = 1, = 10(1) − 1 86(1)2 = 8 14. The average velocity between times 1 and 1 + is
2
ave =
(1+ ) (1) = 10(1+ )−186(1+ ) −814 = 628 −186
2
=628 1 86 , if = .0
(1+ )− 1 − 6
−
(i) [1 2]: = 1, ave = 4 42 m s (ii) [1 1 5]: = 0 5, ave = 5 35 m s
(4) − (2) 79 2 − 20 6
(a) (i) On the interval [2 4] , ave = = = 29 3 ft s.
4−22
(ii) On the interval [3 4], ave =
(4)
− (3) = 792−465 = 32 7 ft s.
4− 3 1
(5)
(iii) On the interval [4 5], ave = − (4) = 1248−792 = 45 6 ft s.
5− 4 1
(6)
(iv) On the interval [4 6], ave = − (4) = 1767−792 = 48 75 ft s.
6− 4 2
(b) Using the points (2 16) and (5 105) from the approximate
tangent line, the instantaneous velocity at = 3 is about
105 − 16 = 89 29 7 ft s.
5 2 3 ≈
−
11−101
(1 01) − (1) −3 0613 − (−3)
On the interval [1 1 01], ave = ≈ = −6 13 cm s.
101−1001
2 (2 0) 0 05 (05 0) 0
(b) We see that problems with estimation are caused by the frequent
oscillations of the graph. The tangent is so steep at that we need to
its slope.
If we choose = 1 001, then the point is (1 001 −0 0314) and≈ −31 3794. If = 0 999, then is
(0 999 0 0314) and = −31 4422. The average of these slopes is −31 4108. So we estimate that the slope of the
As approaches 2, ( ) approaches 5. [Or, the values of ( ) can be made as close to 5 as we like by taking sufficiently close to
2 (but 6= )2.] Yes, the graph could have a hole at (2 5) and be defined such that (2) = 3.
As approaches 1 from the left, ( ) approaches 3; and as approaches 1 from the right, ( ) approaches 7. No, the limit does
not exist because the left- and right-hand limits are different.
3. (a) ( ) = ∞ means that the values of ( ) can be made arbitrarily large (as large as we please) by taking
lim
→−3
+
→4
(b) lim ( ) = −∞ means that the values of ( ) can be made arbitrarily large negative by taking sufficiently close to 4 through values larger than 4.
−
→2
(b) As approaches 2 from the right, the values of ( ) approach 1, so lim ( )=1.
→2+
(c) lim ( ) does not exist since the left-hand limit does not equal the right-hand limit.
→2
(d) When = 2, = 3, so (2) = 3.
(e) As approaches 4, the values of ( ) approach 4, so lim ( ) = 4.
→4
(f ) There is no value of ( ) when = 4, so (4) does not exist.
5. (a) As approaches 1, the values of ( ) approach 2, so lim ( ) = 2.
→1
(b) As approaches 3 from the left, the values of ( ) approach 1, so lim ( )=1.
→3−
(c) As approaches 3 from the right, the values of ( ) approach 4, so lim ( )=4.
→3+
(d) lim ( ) does not exist since the left-hand limit does not equal the right-hand limit.
→3
(e) When = 3, = 3, so (3) = 3.
6. (a) ( ) approaches 4 as approaches −3 from the left, so →−3− .
lim ( )=4
(b) ( ) approaches 4 as approaches −3 from the right, so →−3+ .
lim ( )=4
(c) lim ( ) = 4 because the limits in part (a) and part (b) are equal.
→−3
(c) lim ( ) does not exist because the limits in part (a) and part (b) are not equal.
→0
→− → →
(d) 2+ ( ) = ∞ (e) lim 1( )=−∞
lim
→ →−
(f ) The equations of the vertical asymptotes are = −3, = −1 and = 2.
9. (a) lim7 ( )=−∞ (b) lim3 ( ) = ∞ (c) 0 ∞
lim ( ) =
→− →− →
(d) →6− ( ) = −∞ (e)
→6+ ∞
lim lim ( ) =
the patient’s bloodstream at = 12 h. The left-hand limit represents the amount of the drug just before the fourth injection.
The right-hand limit represents the amount of the drug just after the fourth injection.
2− if ≥ 1
we see that lim ( ) exists for all except = −1. Notice that the
→
1 + sin if0 ≤ ≤
()= cos
sin
if 0
if
,
we see that lim ( ) exists for all except = . Notice that the
→
right and left limits are different at = .
(a) lim ( ) = 1
→0−
lim ( ) = 0
→0+
(c) lim ( ) does not exist because the limits
→0
(a) lim ( ) = −1
→0−
lim ( ) = 1
→0+
(c) lim ( ) does not exist because the limits
→0
−3
For ( ) = 2 :
2−9
() ()
2
31 0 508 197 29 0 491 525
It appears that lim −3 = 1.
3 05 0 504 132 2 95 0 495 798
2−9 2
→3
3 01 0 500 832 2 99 0 499 165
3 001 0 500 083 2 999 0 499 917
3 0001 0 500 008 2 9999 0 499 992
− 3
For ( ) = 2 :
2−9
() ()
−2 5 −5 −3 5 7
−2 9
−2 95
−29 −59
−3 1
−3 05
31 61
It appears that →−3+ −∞ and that
lim ()=
−2 99 −299 −3 01 301
2 999 2999 3 001 3001 2
− − − lim ( ) = lim −3 does not exist.
, so
−2 9999 −29,999 −3 0001 30,001
→−3− ∞ →−3 2 − 9
5 −1 (2+ )5−32
21. For ( ) = : 22. For ( ) = :
() () () ()
5
It appears that lim −1 = 5. It appears that lim (2+ )5−32 = 80.
→0 →0
ln − ln 4
For ( ) = :
−4
() ()
39 0 253 178 41 0 246 926
3 99 0 250 313 4 01 0 249 688
3 999 0 250 031 4 001 0 249 969
3 9999 0 250 003 4 0001 0 249 997
1 + 9 : 1+
For ( ) =
15
() ()
sin 3
For ( ) = tan 2:
()
It appears that lim sin 3 =15.
±0 1 1 457 847
±0 01 1 499 575 →0 tan 2
±0 001 1 499 996 The graph confirms that result.
±0 0001 1 500 000
5−1:
For ( ) =
() ()
01 1 746 189 −0 1 1 486 601
0 01 1 622 459 −0 01 1 596 556
0 001 1 610 734 −0 001 1 608 143
0 0001 1 609 567 −0 0001 1 609 308
It appears that lim ( ) ≈ 1 6094. The graph confirms that result.
→0
For ( ) = : It appears that lim ( ) = 1.
→0+
() The graph confirms that result.
01 0 794 328
0 01 0 954 993
0 001 0 993 116
0 0001 0 999 079
01 −0 023 026
0 01 −0 000 461
0 001 −0 000 007
0 0001 −0 000 000
29. (a) From the graphs, it seems that lim cos 2 − cos = 1 5. (b)
0 2 −
→ ()
±0 1 −1 493 759
±0 01 −1 499 938
±0 001 −1 499 999
±0 0001 −1 500 000
→0 sin ()
±0 1 0 323 068
±0 01 0 318 357
±0 001 0 318 310
±0 0001 0 318 310
Later we will be able to show that
1
the exact value is .
lim +1 = 0 5+
31. →5+ −5 ∞ since the numerator is positive and the denominator approaches from the positive side as → .
32. →5− −5 −∞ since the numerator is positive and the denominator approaches from the negative side as → .
lim +1= 0 5−
33. lim 2− = since the numerator is positive and the denominator approaches 0 through positive values as 1.
→1 ( −1)2 ∞ →
√
34. →3− ( − 3)5
−∞ since the numerator is positive and the denominator approaches from the negative side as → − .
lim = 0 3
37. ( 2)
+
1 sec = −∞ since
1 is positive and sec
+
→ −∞ as → ( 2) .
lim
2
→2− −4 +4 →2− ( −2)2 →2− −2 −∞
approaches 0 through negative values as → 2−.
2−2 −8
41. lim = lim ( −4)( +2) = since the numerator is negative and the denominator approaches 0 through
2
→2+ −5 +6 →2+ ( −3)( −2) ∞
negative values as → 2+.
42. →0+ 1− ∞ since 1 → ∞ and → −∞ as → .
lim ln 0+
ln =
1
45. (a) ( ) = 3 .
−1 () ()
05 −1 14 15 0 42
From these calculations, it seems that lim 09 −3 69 11 3 02
( ) = −∞ and lim ( ) = ∞. 0 99 −33 7 1 01 33 0
→1− →1+ 0 999 −333 7 1 001 333 0
0 9999 −3333 7 1 0001 3333 0
0 99999 −33,333 7 1 00001 33,333 3
(b) If is slightly smaller than 1, then 3 − 1 will be a negative number close to 0, and the reciprocal of 3 − 1, that is, ( ), will be
a negative number with large absolute value. So lim ( ) = −∞.
→1−
If is slightly larger than 1, then 3 − 1 will be a small positive number, and its reciprocal, ( ), will be a large positive
number. So lim ( ) = ∞.
→1+
(c) It appears from the graph of that
lim ( ) = −∞ and lim ( ) = ∞.
→1− →1+
tan 4
(a) From the graphs, it seems that lim = 4.
→0
(b)
()
±0 1 4 227 932
±0 01 4 002 135
±0 001 4 000 021
±0 0001 4 000 000
()
−0 001 2 71964
−0 0001 2 71842
−0 00001 2 71830
−0 000001 2
71828
0 000001 2
71828 It appears that lim (1 + )1 ≈ 2 71828, which is approximately .
→0
0 00001 2 71827
0 0001 In Section 3.6 we will see that the value of the limit is exactly .
2 71815
0 001 2 71692