& Foteateat fs ogy eathien te quired sto reise Nhe feo of - clachons. Clecreeturnichg ype Porn | a — 4 ehecttal euryy —y crumical chumieal ourgy wey sheebaieal tong Ohm's [aw * vA~ IR or ever _Wtute = poterfial 53 ope > R E cthis aw fs applfenble her metallic conducter- Tor clecbrotge sol~~ am ans topic nd ee cect henweal pheno user, dp oreasere the potedtial, dunge 67 anal cone’ oy avalyfe wetaviowr 40 ctumionl mactiy 3 So ty ove of the fopie will be deboctumieal muted cwrinf do diem ty, ne of, analysis th wrvlersfanl elarnstumiey we Fouad tis Setencaf. Le Glecfroee ppotenfial defermnivxs the analy Yet fern. Suppese uu tywe two systen din a Selene and Sn. a cel onfaind Fe Fetlpet Sn" /snt ae esooY gi boissyo- bm addtticn 40 oxtdelten amd nuductiom tusk™ the volghe an “ry patHeipa din Oller funn”. woe a * Seay boy Nook gr e~ e- mw peed fo Cre) sg. Curent fs dim onencune of tite of vu wax” Cromer nO fs qupured or cull be produced fer oe : -tronsferrak ion Sor oxtclation @— curb *\ Ly 4o ve ae we ce verse: a wer For A mol of Chanda) drensfonnetion ute aut mmol af oo 7 no mN mol 8, for a mol of, " a ATotal change 4, @ ~ anF dine ; 42 = venniite Lt Spr Smol e Gore x 10% & = 160? xt” e 6-023 x to, | 648s © ~ 4F or, 2 men ° , uf edu memel 4 Zm>* ey er ey; ) Now, aN wedi tb Ot aa. mF du ak or wt Sonu £4. FD at at S Ree vostion OD * FE ( in & te Joe AL. \gctron donstion peteuiel Abe ol, electra atipendss on the smacked type > qupuision * 40, gluctrecte ceebtdial pact fs © huferogenere ran” ge ant ors OF dletirde Suface, So tre Sunfote arachoiehe fs wmpeeont, Murdo ue wail WEuarent duneity Cs) ewe (avn i hag a a AaxnF Pal Sf 5m We tommol omathoroee mucsure errenf and potential. J open do measure the voltage be potenind we me oon 5 I ” torrente cose certuit ,Elechrochume lat SN ee | oS measure poladtial oF Measurement a0 peleafaat af contrtted current ea L_4) Electrocsumt eal Teh que’ Static technique (=o) HL is ceulled potenti € a Musee tary AF confrottal, Potenfiaf, o aw poten! pe bor C te Ayreumie fechniqu — bo Gee) ¢ =e weit ge electrede potential controll | contoltel pol. Ceoutomelny es Git) Genuk (ite Vowioble potential poteutiel Sanioh fl rel \ a quuet Qurreh Se” — gape coutows ool a) d Gs st Bigping, Vellarnsiy ne net ina ——__ tonet Line:ee wk PPO MA SOC uinge: proofed De 2 PORGOR BOLE. colome cboy : acd al ain thang how muh Za oy dlepeatted. 2 = kw d ae io rolaregentiog Goutee type ie = Velleger nee SS ¢ > Lonunty , fs ba o (Moa /ey) & (tvs ©) ©. 0-00V ty eta 2 Ene J ut ww dutvease the — polential , oxitaFion welll ecuer . eeacearans A we des dtc Potential, reduction will octerr,de. Ue ewe 0 opty @ vellage catich is called C= de Lolere, b= applied? potential (Gn te we -vo) b= tenho ‘1 = Over voltage 2 Kilefien wefweere Voltage, and wren wo mea wy ever votlage) Corre volleqe f amcdic, Gurr (RN Be oe jane “ pocde —— i. seed SZ Seduction af Coticteh fe eottedic conment Jim absnw of) outermd Potential , D8 He ~ i Comcrmge corenf density) Here, Fe eg rave tauen f Yas notation yr currenf dacity anf mol § , swt pr veiling confusion « a poe ie np At sg Rae foword aerx™, Ga = MER Ks «DMS =O Rok of bacdword react, te = MFaKye(Md---@ enon (2) g8s'/er (srsiton se 169) h® | Z ; a ohn J ry : coukewal patents) 4 © ; _— in, ows * a tactucarel Te 4 emimiwras only ne eat? 2 “Sern feet - : eee ark Ae A wfernal come extemal potential C4) Spostive Lum gr Sikes “it 6 fe mnafel Sunfau will be Gnurensed ty aed Jrdctiom ehoNow, RB $, = "Fe kx IM) ‘ $ nf 0) [er rmex(' (sare Cady x8 i a4 Los mex Kye tnd 2 mF ~(spe aioe Now, v age ’ am to /er es sea 3 OR @ x MI yee = Cage c-dmed) (RT sf] few. ok FET pus / ay . (oes (et 2) fen err Ju] Ee ah Ed, [et Total eunrenF dencily yh bout ehually GL becomes geek (Sine Tl bas) ve sim) be PMOL yay — 0h COMET, Fare]“at equitilalean, san eles NSN Dia NHN Now, hew 40 the tet Conetnge tren devwita) i ee ale (ws “ced mF be fer ne °) cm" (ow ye ot z ote yn FC0=42) eer e * (ew) F O-Ae | -¢ cs 2 a= —— core O/er\: 09 ee cattuedtye covered a pew" 4e) Jer eT amalic one plot» wtA) = re ant nip tan 2 tem af AE og aa femal (oplutel) {Xt 7 | ank(d- 0) ARO : (d= f:) ve ow hugh: : gmat ant ae AY fen of, "© wall be “ry “eed nt O89 er rr) t. <1 B tho be gh be vale mb mit 9 = wun g- be > vel wif ur een (8) Ler enna ’ nF (6- @) int. te aa or, ant kee ton ORT aS ‘Gee + ¢- ) Fe! blot = bint + COG)nbd et cater -eeanece da/er| nF -e 5 oe > tah [e : Jon we well Shor tnbemmatrale 5 have to apply was Whole a oy KO p Aeseo _ gga a” Faxes SE BIL ie & 20 (« cinpufpation Rr 2 n(beds) -s0nh-to ape (b-de)_ geencd a] S dimplified 4”.Now, there aaill oe three Caves © ty (ieom) Cast ; co) > Seppo , ue have hugh {eal rege” | guile auc rn 2 tien Yor G4) DOL . 7 cal 4. 4 aonteo ae we titt 2° — ound Sor (P-de) S-01Y = ge (-4.) Geet. von (P-4) fs ve gall ah mans | p- 4 A ve01 v (sion! So as tw aver C-4,) is very ‘oral ee By By - of a. 3! or 4) 14 0m (0-4) gone sae oon (a-4) Whim we Ts wi 4 vote [1207 A)= V2 Ld] tan oe ager 4 haghur wba te &x Yon (- de) tems. we Qh = le %. ON igtemfome the ale f marr Age +E 44, & vebde (J (enet)” fg. crv $-¢. = t0-0v s : ps the ett is meductin of ag te Ag: Se tds ew ptuedic tuax® and dogs f tagh(i) > teeny) _oon(9- Ge) 1-1 & coef ak GG) -e2y oom C02) A ors ae! (Sema m- Gack - 2 i oak C€- 6) = OP | 3 7 : 20K 0-2 0-01 ‘owl * eb) ~ 1 QS ge 4, quo ® (o- 6.) = ott 0-5 gE. ots [em ( anges com i Uo KIX 0-01 [0 («sin a dep ov re were (t=) jl a RT og QOREKO a, ter & 2 seek i I Lowsxe = ssu om R(t & sebast eas? at —toomy = -0°lV = g got tFOrl fe- = -0 i ie-t OAS KOT 2 sume,ei ED ayer colle fl jt he stv dala for On eafretounP twvelviy alow + ee Yama ow? | evaluate fe # Hs 92/en /24 eet qentiede Yom vieoni ly ga eon eebrnten auny o ' ey Cong mos a) 3 ais) i edtacfien ef eh presence . an ats ef any potentinl CFE In atpreme _ potent C20 Joe u wey AE te aed v. *t x 5 MS walt veer egal oS ee “ 5 tamadigy ment [Allyson tom a ty « tony ay [eas Mince, Seq small vellage ted tlare fe eu pon Tr camenk erent Chere mast Le anitOc" WG™TL wt tCOX————_—_ of onalile (mn) watt ; of, Predeal CO) eat wo dhe Slow ct 6! © Petenfial afplif- turn te tonceerbration Aecrease neo ue leefinete emt eee Im trencee winet aun shoutd eeP tonerens 7 epuls for dhe Cues A emf Ne Butt vebner plot tucth 4 sp atlomciny 5 Ste omeasurernenf off ceument Vole Lmu vollomuhry Wk Celie vo ti of polerfial . tuft variaFtooa Didlusion HH fs du movement of fl of Foon, ‘ Gow high comuntratton 40 low temunsbra toa. flow (Kuk) g x - AC Ac. J 45 ewe Conurtration gradica © = tnkieats, high Jo low cone re i - oa Sa De Pef stor egies ) wo GO) q delusion. Fis ahem c Yoo dw ton. af a pl w varies Weta Homes ose, uw urave ala oof, ftuetrmens du = ae ~ wc tel. Lupe: wen over be bivne AL, tae homage for be vo. off mmole tm te © Soto : joondt = J Gere) Alt wide no Stor see jorrdw) = JOO + QW du = BS de ie ving gall So, we watt falar only fort tuo dons - 6 jordey t= Boo + a3. doean a. Ll Rdw a ae an z wpetion F dn the! nun aC Lew swe at Qe a ay Fres's ofl WW. on stow sing Bee pracent we : he. set tontetabien + Bo we of Aiffusien volte ual fle mie Lew tenunbrection tuk 4 te also dru tak bo smotutes wl Yo fom vw to wih c. cur te tone" of poimk ov. Lupprse un vont te fed —p that are o ca du Leg diy mere mretetste tll come from C4 tonturhion din = Cin Ande 2 Arenatlorly = CK AKdw a a(a0) x Axd a & Rate Ger ad ye adde)* ,(2¢ fate Sg Ge wr see . fren (: Au os . a xP) - ay at a) (OO >—E x b> aa * Gam a @ Fetes aes a= -0(4) ye (ay ee boy For Sint tine @o”™ bar (ey = 20E [oor = Far (Bisferre Sreleesia ep oi ude, wee Hall) Ynae Ane tachi Pg objet to mmr)—p de me de, pee _ @ at oe Eouett quetten 9 deseribes tle chumye tom con® ume 40 WME hear Cbmrenf wilh bone af A partinler patent e. Wow we Comps ae the Hm oe cure dinasity sulafeol fo te tener, Le us comerder ne gor confaiming Om A uit tone? seq o*. Blow aly a potenfiel to the cecfrode tak ys dipped fy vse eel” conufraP® Ye Same ovary uate torfore bee ue voltage we of ae pry a potential high dle cmalyfe, tun conenhafron crvudh 40 owelize or reduc of Btw fw elechrode Suifan will be 0. Go we save applied a pulsed vollage - and enantio cured etd dime. thts {8 cated Clureno ammperomery. (mer mins ime) jaro woudl waite the toaundoy ceoalttions «| 4-0 (im) af a Cael { home 8 120 of “+0 of wpe FO we ull dove te a Ct b) esting an @ eo ae Dae Sr?we & oo aM og Dot —® oy @ fs vey Ai frott fo anlve 0% TH confadiy luo varinble pew \artable + t and be ib wit! ceavert Th do ud, fon i ancl using this ay @ becomes > oft jor Solving How gle ce . 4. ae —@® we a = tanfem dt : ow _o dow abd cr_— 9 con totais @ ute tomils = aia Ja - ale de : é ia vatege deve ee baead— Seafete PF ceo bu hum Baste pass Cote ig) KO oe) thas's wat mel CP ber Co a @ pen _(eode Caen wf ferry She gate PC Livat =O o ° Sor ower towveraints __5 a, Apply t rely rewndimy condlitiom tp valuale TS Mat, or * ae “ Vr oe io p00 {evar “ r \ fo 20a Ay error Swichim ce | J i= 4 A / . . akon age woe Suntel \ c~ & ef (O* ce & ot (ar) afer opty & Shep vetige C0) bn “t analage (aan ex tod ae Oe af Prediat (0° matt Me alge ape lyiy Potential,rulation Gehewen Cond £ te mp La A at ¥ too dot . uu Keo thas ee e dus at. ab” yi ar me. 2 > meas or In Ure we ore considering the value 1+ mFA Dy DE bh Fak ven elose fo He clecbrods. « 2 JemeA DW At om f—o x oct T= nea d, 2 y 1 are ett ar Abe mpa_On , 20 a DADE Nr men i xs Wht 7 ce 1 vendo S cattrall ey eee Vit \ TAT* Ossie. Chner0 coverematg. Crunge 4 F ei Ie of worl wrt Gime affr frst GO ts ty Blaby of Famlaic uenk wert bie fer PeLying & Seb NeHagt< Le Mew, Cottrell ar a. meal & (afer abplying aa) Vt 4 aller spolyrg a Ske Vellege, s tlw cument wi) deg and afer tory time or will be Shears . T~ maj ye 8S Teme ACO) x : Gp) Te mraG) & ws oa . v T= meAD ee Aisin ly ~ MEAD (t_, I eo ) —_®im elepe 2 Alter applying a dep potential 20 tat all amalifie Converted to predutt Qo, C=O Ty? men De & Ak Cur is nel 0 Cte Comnl fs tonto offer afpiging the bane voltage yas is cated Unni thing wrrent. Curren can also be oud aT produit sd menbrniten ts bem and | alive _ nk bp wa CG 2) Ce# = fr) Je mPn or) is We pe ow ge AMeAbry Cejeudar a ~ rr Li Colle oO aae J ° u bd 4 unt oonperoe Hal Spider Vellamosronne” We huwees obtain & Vellameoqom » we cual om or b euplain thie Voltegn ogram , Ac. +o nor ey E= Ered ~ Eon uk Sufowpunto 20 Ky 7 ~ FMEA Dy T (ee Ch en) Now, Ty = By NEA PAK $ + Tas KyCh thos FADE Cp $ Te Kelp or Fer PAE Jer Sq —7 ake — Ete sy $ ee ef CE A Tt Ka kK 0:08 Ley i —@& 2 he 02084 log KA ~ E> ef 00S) loge Ty Wwhun, geosty ost ot W04 KA Ens oe e- cost eg Eas nO ee 82087 tog Ka Gy Co Cae Weg, ~ Eos = 0059 oy E— = Ey, - 208 boy € wet