Musculoskeletal System Disorders | Quiz

#1: 25 Questions
UPDATED ON SEPTEMBER 17, 2023
BY MATT VERA BSN, R.N.

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 1. Question

A 35-year-old female patient presents to the clinic with fatigue, pallor, and
shortness of breath on exertion. Laboratory tests reveal a decreased hemoglobin
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of red blood cells. Which of the following components is responsible for this
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function?

A. Bones

B. Muscles

C. Ligaments

D. Tendons

Incorrect
Correct Answer: A. Bones
Bones, as part of the musculoskeletal system, contribute to the
production of red blood cells due to their unique capability of hosting
bone marrow, where red blood cell formation takes place. This function of
bones ensures a consistent supply of oxygen-transporting cells in the
body.
Option B: Muscles are not primarily responsible for producing red
blood cells because their primary function is generating force and
:
 facilitating movement, rather than hematopoiesis.
Option C: Ligaments, unlike bones, do not participate in the
production of red blood cells because their main role is to connect
bones to other bones, providing stability and limiting excessive
joint movement.
Option D: Tendons, in contrast to bones, do not have a role in
producing red blood cells as their primary function is to attach
muscles to bones, enabling the transmission of muscular force to
move the skeletal system.

2. Question

A 68-year-old male patient presents to the orthopedic clinic with complaints of

joint pain and stiffness, particularly in his knees. He mentions that the pain
worsens after prolonged standing or walking. Radiographic imaging shows signs
of degeneration in the structures that provide cushioning and support between
the bones in his knee joints. Which structure is most likely affected in this
patient?

A. Cartilage

B. Tendons

C. Ligaments

D. Bursae
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 Incorrect
Correct Answer: A. Cartilage. Cartilage serves a critical role in joints by
providing cushioning and support between bones. It functions as a shock
absorber, reducing friction and preventing direct bone-to-bone contact
during movement. This protective layer of cartilage not only absorbs the
stresses and forces applied to the joint but also ensures smooth and
pain-free articulation. Cartilage also aids in distributing synovial fluid, a
lubricating substance, which further reduces wear and tear on the joint
surfaces, promoting their longevity and overall joint health.
Option B: Tendons are not designed to provide cushioning or
support between bones in a joint. Instead, they serve the
purpose of connecting muscles to bones, transmitting the force
generated by muscles to facilitate movement and stabilize the
joint, rather than acting as a protective or cushioning element.

Option C: Ligaments do not offer cushioning or direct support

between bones in a joint. Their primary role is to connect bones
to one another, providing stability and limiting excessive joint
movement.

Option D: Bursae are small, fluid-filled sacs located near joints

and tendons, designed to reduce friction and facilitate smooth
movement by minimizing the rubbing of soft tissues against
bones or other structures.

3. Question

A 25-year-old professional ballet dancer presents to the physiotherapy clinic

after sustaining an injury during a performance. While demonstrating a specific
move, she describes a motion where she had to bend her elbow joint, decreasing
:
 the angle between her forearm and upper arm. The physiotherapist recognizes
this motion as a fundamental joint movement. Which term best describes this
action?

A. Flexion

B. Extension

C. Abduction

D. Adduction

Correct
Correct Answer: A. Flexion. Flexion refers to the bending of a joint,
decreasing the angle between the bones.
Option D: Adduction is the movement of a body part toward the midline.
Option B: Extension is the opposite, where the joint straightens,
increasing the angle between the bones.
Option C: Abduction is the movement of a body part away from
the midline.
Option D: Adduction is the movement of a body part toward the
midline.

4. Question
:
 A 22-year-old male gymnast is undergoing a routine physical examination before
an upcoming competition. During the assessment, the physician asks him to
perform various movements to evaluate his muscle strength and coordination.
The gymnast is able to contract and relax specific muscles on command,
demonstrating control over a particular type of muscle. Which type of muscle is
under his voluntary control?

A. Cardiac muscle

B. Smooth muscle

C. Skeletal muscle

D. Ligamentous muscle

Incorrect
Correct Answer: C. Skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscles are attached to
bones and are responsible for voluntary movement. They are under
conscious control and allow us to perform activities such as walking,
talking, and writing.
Option A: Cardiac muscle is found in the heart and is not under
voluntary control.
Option B: Smooth muscle is found in the walls of organs and
blood vessels and is also not under voluntary control.
Option D: There is no such term as “ligamentous muscle.”
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 5. Question

A 40-year-old construction worker presents to the emergency department after

falling from a height. Radiographic imaging is ordered to assess potential
fractures. The radiologist pays special attention to the areas where two or more
bones come together, as these are common sites of injury. Which term best
describes these areas?

A. Cartilage

B. Tendon

C. Ligament

D. Joint

Correct
Correct Answer: D. Joint A joint is the point where two or more bones
meet. It allows for movement and flexibility in the skeletal system.
Option A: Cartilage is a connective tissue that provides
cushioning between bones in a joint.

Option B: Tendons connect muscles to bones.

:
 Option C: Ligaments connect bones to bones.

6. Question

What is the primary function of the skeletal system?

A. Producing red blood cells

B. Facilitating movement and support

C. Providing protection for internal organs

D. Transmitting nerve impulses

Correct
Correct Answer: B. Facilitating movement and support. The primary
function of the skeletal system is to provide a framework for the body,
giving it structure, support, and protection. Additionally, the skeletal
system works in conjunction with muscles to enable movement.
Option A: While the skeletal system does produce red blood cells
in the bone marrow, it is not the primary function.
Option C: Providing protection for internal organs is also an
important function, but it is not the primary function.
Option D: Transmitting nerve impulses is the role of the nervous
system, not the skeletal system.
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 7. Question

What is the primary function of the muscular system?

A. Maintaining body temperature

B. Storing minerals and lipids

C. Transporting oxygen and nutrients

D. Facilitating movement and generating force

Correct
Correct Answer: D. Facilitating movement and generating force. The
primary function of the muscular system is to produce movement by
contracting and relaxing muscles. It enables various actions such as
walking, lifting, and facial expressions.
Option A: Maintaining body temperature is primarily regulated
by the integumentary and circulatory systems.

Option B: Storing minerals and lipids is the function of adipose

tissue and bone marrow. Option C: Transporting oxygen and
nutrients is primarily accomplished by the cardiovascular and
respiratory systems.
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 8. Question

What is the primary function of ligaments in the musculoskeletal system?

A. Connecting muscles to bones

B. Connecting bones to bones

C. Facilitating muscle contractions

D. Providing cushioning between bones

Incorrect
Correct Answer: B. Connecting bones to bones. Ligaments are tough,
fibrous connective tissues that connect bones to other bones in a joint.
They provide stability and help prevent excessive movement or
dislocation of the bones.
Option A: Connecting muscles to bones is the function of tendons.
Option C: Facilitating muscle contractions is the function of
muscle fibers.
Option D: Providing cushioning between bones is the function of
cartilage.
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 9. Question

Which component of the musculoskeletal system is responsible for the

production of movement?

A. Muscles

B. Ligaments

C. Bones

D. Tendons

Correct
Correct Answer: A. Muscles. Muscles are the primary component of the
musculoskeletal system responsible for generating movement. They
contract and relax to produce the force necessary for various actions
such as walking, running, and lifting.
Option B: Ligaments connect bones to bones.
Option C: Bones provide a framework and support.
Option D: Tendons connect muscles to bones.

10. Question

A 72-year-old retired professional tennis player visits the orthopedic clinic,

:
 complaining of persistent hip pain that has been limiting his mobility. After a
thorough examination, the physician discusses potential degenerative changes
in a specific structure in his hip joint. This structure has a primary function in the
musculoskeletal system that is crucial for joint health and movement. What is the
name and primary function of this structure?

A. Bone marrow: Producing red blood cells

B. Nerve cells: Transmitting nerve impulses

C. Skeletal muscles: Facilitating movement at joints

D. Cartilage: Providing cushioning between bones

Incorrect
Correct answer: D. Cartilage: Providing cushioning between bones.
Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue that provides cushioning and
shock absorption between bones in a joint. It helps reduce friction and
distributes forces during movement.
Option A: Producing red blood cells is the function of bone
marrow.

Option B: Transmitting nerve impulses is the function of the

nervous system. Option C: Facilitating movement at joints
involves the interaction between bones, muscles, and
ligaments.
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 11. Question

A 78-year-old woman visits the clinic for a routine check-up. She expresses
concern about her bone health, as several of her friends have been diagnosed
with fractures due to osteoporosis. The physician explains that certain
population groups are at a higher risk for developing this condition. Which of the
following population groups is at the highest risk for developing osteoporosis?

A. Young children

B. Teenagers

C. Postmenopausal women

D. Middle-aged men

Correct
Correct answer: C. Postmenopausal women. Postmenopausal women
are at the highest risk for developing osteoporosis due to the decline in
estrogen levels, which accelerates bone loss.
Options A & B: Young children and teenagers are still in the
process of building bone mass.

Option D: Middle-aged men can develop osteoporosis, their

risk is lower compared to postmenopausal women.
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 12. Question

A 70-year-old woman is admitted to the orthopedic ward following a minor fall at

home that resulted in a fractured wrist. Her medical history reveals a recent
diagnosis of osteoporosis. As the nurse conducts a comprehensive assessment,
she anticipates certain clinical manifestations commonly associated with
osteoporosis. Which of the following findings would the nurse most likely expect
to observe in this patient?

A. Joint deformities

B. Muscle atrophy

C. Decreased bone density

D. Increased range of motion

Correct
Correct Answer: C. Decreased bone density Osteoporosis is a chronic
metabolic bone disorder characterized by decreased bone density and an
increased risk of fractures. The condition is more common in
postmenopausal women due to decreased estrogen levels, which affects
bone remodeling. As the bones become less dense, they become weaker
and more susceptible to fractures. Therefore, the nurse would expect to
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 observe decreased bone density in a client with osteoporosis, making
option C the correct answer.
Option A: Joint deformities are more commonly associated
with conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis,
where chronic inflammation and joint damage occur.

Option B: Muscle atrophy refers to the loss of muscle mass and

strength, which can be caused by factors such as
immobilization or disuse. While osteoporosis may lead to
decreased muscle strength over time, it is not a direct
characteristic of the condition.

Option D: Increased range of motion is not a typical finding in

osteoporosis. In fact, decreased range of motion may occur if
fractures or pain limit the client’s mobility.

13. Question

A 65-year-old woman with a known history of osteoporosis is admitted to the

hospital for a routine check-up. During her stay, the nurse conducts a thorough
assessment to monitor the progression of her condition. While most findings are
consistent with her diagnosis, one particular observation raises immediate
concern. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the
healthcare provider without delay?

A. Back pain worsened by movement

B. Mild tenderness on palpation of long bones

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 C. Height loss of 1 inch over the past year

D. Mild fatigue and lethargy

Correct
Correct Answer: A. Back pain worsened by movement. Increased pain
with movement may indicate a possible vertebral fracture, which requires
immediate medical attention.
Option B: Mild tenderness on palpation of long bones is a common
finding in patients with osteoporosis but does not require
immediate intervention.
Option C: Height loss is expected in patients with osteoporosis
due to vertebral compression fractures.
Option D: Mild fatigue and lethargy may not be directly related to
osteoporosis and can be further assessed but do not require
immediate attention.

14. Question

A 73-year-old man, recently diagnosed with osteoporosis, is in the radiology

department awaiting his scheduled dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
scan. Appearing anxious, he turns to the attending nurse and inquires about the
rationale behind this particular test. How should the nurse best address his
concerns?
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 A. "The DXA scan is primarily used to quantify the density of your
bones, helping us understand the severity of your osteoporosis."

B. "This scan is designed to meticulously assess the blood circulation

within your bones."

C. "The main objective of the DXA scan is to gauge the efficiency and
function of your muscle groups."

D. "The test is primarily aimed at identifying any irregularities or

deformities in your joints."

Correct
Correct Answer: A. “The DXA scan is primarily used to quantify the
density of your bones, helping us understand the severity of your
osteoporosis.”
Option A: A DXA scan is a diagnostic test used to measure
bone mineral density and assess the risk of fractures. It helps
diagnose osteoporosis and monitor treatment effectiveness.
Options B, C, and D: These statements are unrelated to the
purpose of a DXA scan.

15. Question

A 68-year-old woman with a recent diagnosis of osteoporosis is admitted to the

:
 geriatric care unit. Given her heightened risk for fractures, the nurse is keen on
implementing preventive measures to minimize the chances of falls. As part of
the comprehensive plan of care, which nursing intervention is most appropriate
to safeguard the patient against potential falls? Select all that apply.

A. Encouraging the use of assistive devices for mobility.

B. Administering calcium supplements as ordered.

C. Teaching relaxation techniques to manage pain.

D. Applying heat packs to alleviate discomfort.

E. Encouraging the patient to walk barefoot for better grip.

F. Placing the patient's personal items on the floor for easy access.

G. Installing grab bars in the bathroom and ensuring well-lit

hallways.

H. Recommending the patient to use high-heeled shoes for better

posture.
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 Incorrect
Correct Answers: A & G.
Option A. Encouraging the use of assistive devices for
mobility. Using assistive devices such as canes or walkers can
improve stability and prevent falls in patients with osteoporosis.

Option G. Installing grab bars in the bathroom and ensuring

well-lit hallways. This intervention helps provide stability and
support for the patient, especially in areas where falls are
common, like the bathroom. Additionally, well-lit hallways help
the patient see clearly and navigate safely, reducing the risk of
tripping or falling.

Option B: Administering calcium supplements is important for

bone health but does not directly prevent falls.

Options C & D: Teaching relaxation techniques and applying

heat packs address pain management but not fall prevention.

Option E: Walking without shoes elevates the likelihood of

experiencing a fall. Furthermore, individuals who fall either
while shoeless or when donning slippers demonstrate a
heightened probability of incurring a severe injury.

Option H: High-heeled shoes can actually increase the risk of

falls as they can be unstable and alter the wearer’s center of
gravity. While they might offer a temporary boost in height and
posture, they are not recommended for elderly patients or
those with conditions like osteoporosis due to the increased
risk of imbalance and falls.
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 16. Question

A 74-year-old woman with a history of multiple vertebral compression fractures

is admitted to the rehabilitation unit. She has been diagnosed with advanced
osteoporosis. The interdisciplinary team gathers to discuss her management
plan. The nurse, considering the most effective interventions to slow the
progression of the patient’s osteoporosis and reduce the risk of future fractures,
suggests several approaches. Which of the following interventions would be
appropriate recommendations for this patient? Select all that apply.

A. Advocating for a regimen of regular weight-bearing exercises

tailored to her physical capabilities.

B. Advising a dietary plan that significantly restricts calcium intake.

C. Strongly recommending confinement to bed to minimize the risk of

potential fractures.

D. Prioritizing the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory

drugs (NSAIDs) as the primary treatment.

E. Ensuring adequate dietary or supplemental calcium and

vitamin D intake.

F. Evaluating the home environment for fall risks and making

necessary modifications.
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 G. Recommending the use of bisphosphonates after consulting with
her physician.

Incorrect
Correct Answers: A, E, F, and G.
Option A: Weight-bearing exercises are beneficial for patients with
osteoporosis as they help in maintaining or even increasing bone
density, thereby reducing the risk of fractures.
Option E: Adequate dietary or supplemental calcium and vitamin D
intake is crucial for bone health. Vitamin D aids in the absorption of
calcium, and both are vital for maintaining and building bone
density.
Option F: Evaluating the home environment for fall risks is
essential. By making necessary modifications, such as adding grab
bars or removing tripping hazards, the risk of falls and subsequent
fractures can be reduced.
Option G: Bisphosphonates are a class of drugs that can help slow
bone loss and are commonly prescribed for osteoporosis.

Option B: Promoting a low-calcium diet is not recommended, as

calcium is essential for bone health.
Option C: Confinement to bed is not recommended for
osteoporosis patients as it can lead to further bone loss and
muscle weakness, increasing the risk of fractures. Limiting physical
activity may further weaken bones and increase the risk of
fractures.
Option D: NSAIDs are not a primary treatment for osteoporosis.
While they can help manage pain associated with fractures or
other conditions, they do not directly address bone density issues
and can have gastrointestinal side effects.
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 17. Question

A 66-year-old postmenopausal woman is seen in the outpatient nutrition clinic

for dietary counseling. She was recently diagnosed with osteoporosis after a
bone density scan revealed significant reductions in her bone mineral density.
The dietician, aiming to address the nutritional aspects of her condition,
suggests a specific dietary modification to potentially mitigate the progression of
her bone loss. Which of the following dietary adjustments would be most
appropriate for this patient’s condition?

A. Imposing strict restrictions on her daily fluid consumption.

B. Significantly reducing her protein consumption.

C. Completely excluding carbohydrates from her meals.

D. Augmenting her daily dietary regimen with calcium-rich foods

or supplements.

Correct
Correct Answer: D. Augmenting her daily dietary regimen with
calcium-rich foods or supplements. Adequate calcium intake is crucial
for maintaining bone health and preventing osteoporosis. Patients with
osteoporosis should be encouraged to consume foods rich in calcium,
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 such as dairy products, leafy greens, and fortified cereals.
Options A, B, and C: Reducing protein consumption, eliminating
carbohydrates, and limiting fluid intake are not specific dietary
modifications for osteoporosis management.

18. Question

A 71-year-old woman with a history of recurrent fractures presents to the

rheumatology clinic. Radiographic studies and bone mineral density tests
confirm a diagnosis of advanced osteoporosis. The rheumatologist, considering
the most effective pharmacological intervention to decelerate the progression of
her bone deterioration, contemplates prescribing a specific class of medication.
Which of the following medications is frequently recommended as a primary
therapeutic agent for the management of osteoporosis?

A. Agents primarily designed to supplement calcium levels.

B. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) typically used for

pain and inflammation.

C. Bisphosphonates, known for their role in inhibiting bone resorption.

D. Anticoagulants, commonly used to prevent blood clot formation.

Incorrect
:
 Correct Answer: C. Bisphosphonates, known for their role in
inhibiting bone resorption. Bisphosphonates are a class of medications
commonly prescribed for the management of osteoporosis. They work by
inhibiting bone resorption and reducing the risk of fractures.
Option A: Calcium supplements are often recommended to
ensure adequate calcium intake but are not the primary
medication for osteoporosis treatment.

Options B & D: NSAIDs and anticoagulants are not specific to

osteoporosis management.

19. Question

An 80-year-old man with a recent diagnosis of osteoporosis is admitted to the

geriatric care unit following a minor fall at home. The interdisciplinary team
convenes to discuss a comprehensive care plan to mitigate the risk of
subsequent falls. Recognizing the heightened vulnerability of this patient due to
his osteoporosis, the nurse proposes a specific intervention as paramount.
Which of the following nursing interventions is crucial to minimize the likelihood
of falls in this patient?

A. Equipping the patient with assistive devices tailored to

enhance mobility.

B. Strongly advocating for prolonged periods of bed rest to limit

movement.
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 C. Administering sedative medications to ensure prolonged and
undisturbed sleep.

D. Ensuring the patient's room and adjoining areas maintain a

subdued lighting ambiance.

Correct
Correct Answer: A. Equipping the patient with assistive devices
tailored to enhance mobility. Preventing falls is crucial for patients with
osteoporosis, as fractures are a significant concern. Providing assistive
devices, such as canes or walkers, can help improve stability and reduce
the risk of falls.
Option B: Encouraging frequent bed rest may lead to muscle
weakness and increase the risk of falls.

Option C: Administering sedatives can cause drowsiness and

impair coordination.

Option D: Dim lighting can significantly reduce visibility, making

it difficult for the patient to see obstacles, tripping hazards, or
changes in the environment. This limited visibility can increase
the risk of accidents and falls, especially in unfamiliar
surroundings.

20. Question

A 76-year-old woman, newly diagnosed with osteoporosis, is preparing for

:
 discharge after a week-long hospital stay due to a minor fracture. As the nurse
reviews home safety measures, the patient expresses concern about preventing
future fractures in her home environment. She inquires, “Given my condition,
what specific precautions should I adopt to ensure my safety at home?” Which of
the following recommendations by the nurse would be most pertinent to address
her concerns?

A. "It's best to abstain entirely from any form of physical activity or

exercise to minimize strain on your bones."

B. "When attempting to access items from elevated areas, always

utilize a robust step stool to ensure stability."

C. "To foster a serene ambiance at home, it's advisable to maintain

dim lighting throughout your living spaces."

D. "It's crucial to eliminate potential tripping hazards, such as

throw rugs or clutter, to create clear pathways in your residence."

Correct
Correct Answer: D. “It’s crucial to eliminate potential tripping
hazards, such as throw rugs or clutter, to create clear pathways in
your residence.” Removing throw rugs and obstacles reduces the risk of
tripping and falling at home, which can lead to fractures.
Option A: Encouraging the patient to avoid physical activities or
exercise is not appropriate as weight-bearing exercises are
:
 beneficial for bone health.
Option B: Using a sturdy step stool is suitable as long as the
patient exercises caution.
Option C: Keeping the lights dim may decrease visual acuity and
increase the risk of falls or injury.

21. Question

A 79-year-old man with a known history of osteoporosis is admitted to the

orthopedic ward after a fall in his garden, which led to a hip fracture. The
interdisciplinary team convenes to discuss his immediate care plan. Recognizing
the acute nature of his injury and the associated discomfort, the nurse
contemplates which intervention should take precedence to ensure optimal
patient comfort and recovery. Which of the following nursing actions should be
given top priority for this patient?

A. Promptly administering analgesic medications as prescribed

by the physician.

B. Initiating gentle range of motion exercises for the affected limb.

C. Applying cold compresses to the fractured area to mitigate

swelling.

D. Coordinating an early consultation with the physical therapy

department.
:
 Correct
Correct Answer: A. Promptly administering analgesic medications as
prescribed by the physician. Pain management is crucial following a
fracture, especially in the initial stages. Adequate pain control can prevent
complications, reduce stress, and promote healing. It’s essential to
address pain promptly to ensure patient comfort.
Option B: While range-of-motion exercises can be beneficial in the
recovery phase, they are not the immediate priority following a
fresh fracture. Starting them too early can exacerbate pain and
potentially disrupt the healing process.
Option C: Applying ice packs may not be appropriate immediately
after surgery or in the presence of open wounds.
Option D: Physical therapy is essential for rehabilitation after a
fracture, but it’s not the immediate priority. Initial focus should be
on pain management and stabilization of the fracture.

22. Question

A 68-year-old woman, recently diagnosed with osteoporosis, is initiated on a

therapeutic regimen that includes alendronate (Fosamax). The nurse, familiar
with the specific administration guidelines and potential side effects of this
medication, prepares to provide the patient with essential instructions and
monitoring. Which of the following nursing interventions is pivotal when
administering alendronate to this patient?

A. Administer the medication with a full glass of water on an

empty stomach.
:
 B. Encourage the patient to lie flat for 30 minutes after taking the
medication.

C. Monitor for signs of hypercalcemia.

D. Instruct the patient to take the medication with calcium-rich foods.

Correct
Correct Answer: A. Administer the medication with a full glass of
water on an empty stomach. Alendronate is best absorbed on an
empty stomach, and taking it with a full glass of water enhances its
effectiveness. It’s also important for the patient to remain upright for at
least 30 minutes after taking the medication to prevent esophageal
irritation.
Option B: Lying flat after taking the medication is not necessary
and may increase the risk of esophageal irritation.
Option C: Monitoring for signs of hypercalcemia is not relevant as
alendronate is not associated with increased calcium levels.
Option D: Taking the medication with calcium-rich foods can
interfere with absorption and should be avoided.

23. Question

A 77-year-old retired teacher, diagnosed with osteoporosis, is admitted to the

outpatient clinic. She expresses increasing challenges in managing her daily
routines, attributing her difficulties to persistent pain. The nurse, aiming to
:
 provide a multifaceted approach to address her pain and improve her functional
capacity, contemplates several interventions. Which of the following nursing
actions would be most beneficial in assisting this patient to manage her pain and
enhance her daily activity performance? Select all that apply.

A. Instruct the patient in the utilization of relaxation techniques,

such as deep breathing and guided imagery.

B. Advocate for the application of heat therapy to alleviate localized

pain.

C. Administer prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

(NSAIDs) to manage inflammation and pain.

D. Facilitate collaboration with the physical therapy department to

design a tailored exercise regimen.

E. Recommend the use of assistive devices, like walkers or canes,

to aid in mobility.

F. Encourage the patient to engage in frequent rest periods

throughout the day.

Incorrect
:
 Correct Answers: A, C, D, and E.
Option A: Relaxation techniques can help reduce the perception of
pain, decrease stress, and promote comfort.
Option C: NSAIDs can help manage pain and inflammation.
However, they should be used judiciously, considering potential
side effects, especially in the elderly.
Option D: Physical therapy can provide exercises that strengthen
muscles, improve balance, and enhance mobility, all of which can
help reduce pain and improve daily functioning.
Option E: Assistive devices can provide stability and support,
reducing the risk of falls and aiding in mobility, which can indirectly
help manage pain.
Option B: While heat therapy can provide relief for some
musculoskeletal conditions, it’s not always recommended for
osteoporotic pain. It’s essential to assess the specific cause of pain
before suggesting heat therapy.
Option F: While rest is essential, excessive rest can lead to muscle
atrophy and increased bone loss. It’s crucial to balance rest with
safe physical activity.

24. Question

A 78-year-old retired pianist, diagnosed with osteoporosis, is preparing for

discharge after a brief hospital stay due to a wrist fracture from a fall at home. As
the nurse reviews home safety measures, the patient, concerned about
preventing future falls, inquires, “Given my condition, what specific modifications
should I implement in my home to ensure a safer environment?” Which of the
following recommendations by the nurse would be most pertinent to address her
concerns?
:
 A. "Install grab bars in the bathroom."

B. "Avoid using nightlights in the hallways."

C. "Keep the floor cluttered with rugs for comfort."

D. "Place furniture close together for support."

Correct
Correct Answer: A. “Install grab bars in the bathroom.” Installing grab
bars in the bathroom can provide support and stability, reducing the risk
of falls.
Option B: Avoiding the use of nightlights may increase the risk of
falls in poorly lit areas.
Option C: Keeping the floor cluttered with rugs increases the risk
of tripping.
Option D: Placing furniture close together may limit mobility and
increase the risk of falls.

25. Question

A 72-year-old librarian, living with osteoporosis for several years, is admitted to

the orthopedic unit with complaints of sudden-onset, severe back pain following
a minor twist while reaching for a book. The pain has rendered her movement
quite limited. The nurse, recognizing the potential complications of osteoporosis
:
 and the urgency of addressing acute pain, evaluates several interventions. Which
of the following nursing actions would be MOST appropriate to alleviate this
patient’s acute back discomfort?

A. Applying ice packs to the affected area

B. Assisting the patient with passive range of motion exercises

C. Administering nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

D. Instructing the patient to rest in bed and avoid movement

Incorrect
Correct Answer: C. Administering nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs can help alleviate acute pain and reduce
inflammation in patients with osteoporosis.
Option A: Applying ice packs may provide temporary relief but
does not address the underlying cause of the pain.

Option B: Assisting with passive range of motion exercises is not

appropriate during an acute pain episode.
Option D: Instructing the patient to rest in bed and avoid
movement is not the best approach for managing acute back
pain in patients with osteoporosis. Prolonged bed rest can lead
to muscle weakness, joint stiffness and potentially increase
the risk of complications such as pressure ulcers and deep
:
 vein thrombosis.

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