Title: Mastering the Basic Structure of Literature Review Made Easy

Welcome to our guide on mastering the basic structure of a literature review. Crafting a literature
review can be a daunting task for many, but fear not, as we are here to simplify the process and help
you navigate through it seamlessly.

Understanding the basic structure of a literature review is essential for anyone embarking on
academic research or writing. It serves as a critical component in any scholarly work, providing a
comprehensive overview and analysis of existing literature relevant to your research topic.

So, what exactly is the basic structure of a literature review? Let's break it down:

1. Introduction:

Provide an overview of the topic and its significance.

Define the scope and objectives of the literature review.
Outline the structure and organization of the review.
2. Body:

Organize the literature thematically or chronologically.

Summarize and synthesize key findings from relevant studies.
Identify gaps, contradictions, or areas for further research.
3. Conclusion:

Summarize the main findings and their implications.

Discuss the significance of the literature reviewed.
Offer suggestions for future research directions.

While the basic structure may seem straightforward, the process of gathering, analyzing, and
synthesizing relevant literature can be time-consuming and challenging. It requires careful attention
to detail, critical thinking skills, and extensive research.

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Your intention in the wheel-like review is to show that the originality of your research stems from the
ways in which you’ve brought together areas that are usually kept apart. History: the chronological
progression of the field, the literature, or an idea that is necessary to understand the literature review,
if the body of the literature review is not already a chronology. Are the findings across the studies
similar or is there a lot of variation. Give your interpretation of how and why certain developments
occurred. Download Word doc Download Google doc Before you begin searching for literature, you
need a clearly defined topic. A more comprehensive set of evaluation metrics, or quality indicators,
should be utilized to measure WPV and guide decision-making. Writing a Literature Review The
basic components of a literature review include: a description of the publication; a summary of the
publication's main points; a discussion of gaps in research. Please check course or programme
information and materials provided by teaching staff, including your project supervisor, for subject-
specific guidance. Publications Account settings Advanced Search Journal List PLoS Comput Biol
v.9(7); 2013 Jul Ten Simple Rules for Writing a Literature Review Marco pautasso. 1 Centre for
Functional and Evolutionary Ecology (CEFE), CNRS, Montpellier, France 2 Centre for Biodiversity
Synthesis and Analysis (CESAB), FRB, Aix-en-Provence, France Literature reviews are in great
demand in most scientific fields. Writing literature reviews is a particularly important skill if you
want to apply for graduate school or pursue a career in research. There are many different critical
appraisal worksheets and checklists. Body: Contains your discussion of sources and is organized
either chronologically, thematically, or methodologically (see below for more information on each).
What sorts of research methodologies have been used and how could these help me develop my own
methodology. If you would like us to get back to you, please submit your contact information in the
form below along with your feeback. The quality indicators and validated survey instruments and
questions extracted in this review will be valuable to healthcare institutions’ ability to adequately
measure and evaluate WPV in their organizations. An easier way is just to drop us a message on our
Live ChatBox on the bottom right of the page. Also, at this stage, it’s a good idea to allocate rough
word count limits for each section, so that you can identify word count problems before you’ve spent
weeks or months writing. The Literature Review Definition A literature review surveys prior research
published in books, scholarly articles, and any other sources relevant to a particular issue, area of
research, or theory, and by so doing, provides a description, summary, and critical evaluation of
these works in relation to the research problem being investigated. The conclusion should: summarise
the important aspects of the existing body of literature; evaluate the current state of the literature
reviewed; identify significant flaws or gaps in existing knowledge; outline areas for future study; link
your research to existing knowledge. Preliminary suppositions and implications The purpose of this
section is to argue how and in what ways you anticipate that your research will refine, revise, or
extend existing knowledge in the area of your study. The only proofreading tool specialized in
correcting academic writing The academic proofreading tool has been trained on 1000s of academic
texts and by native English editors. It provides an overview of current knowledge, allowing you to
identify relevant theories, methods, and gaps in the existing research. Whether the search is
comprehensive or not, whether it involves a methodical approach for data extraction and synthesis or
not, it is important that the review documents in an explicit and transparent manner the steps and
approach that were used in the process of its development. You can look up and browse MeSH terms
in the US National Library of Medicine's MeSH database. Structuring your research question in
accordance with a framework, such as PICO or PEO, will also help you decide on the inclusion and
exclusion criteria of your literature review. Recapitulate important features of a research study, but
then synthesize it by rephrasing the study's significance and relating it to your own work and the
work of others. Pick one of these themes to focus the organization of your review. For example, is it
possible that your research may lead to a new policy, new theoretical understanding, or a new
method for analyzing data. Reply Delete Replies Reply Sam Young 5 February 2018 at 14:34 Thanks
Emma. Does your introduction clearly convey the purpose of the literature review.
If you want to work smart, you don't want to miss this. Or the review might focus on the economic
impact of whaling on a community. Writing your overall views on the topic is a must as well. If your
lit review is a standalone piece, the introduction and conclusion take up more space and give you a
place to discuss your goals, research methods, and conclusions separately from where you discuss the
literature itself. This pre-writing process of selecting sources may be rather time-consuming, so be
sure you have sufficient time for it. Roughly how many sources would be appropriate to include? 2.
Does the work ultimately contribute in any significant way to an understanding of the subject. As
with any scholarly research paper, you must cite the sources you used in composing your research
proposal. These are an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. Of the 64 studies, 21 were excluded
for ineligibility, 18 of which had no indicators, 2 of which had the wrong study design, and 1 which
did not report results or methodology. Selection of sources of evidence Three reviewers
independently screened all abstracts for articles relevant to workplace violence in healthcare settings.
If you still cannot access detailed information, you may be required to either change your discussion
subject or check the practicability of your research. The literature review usually comes near the
beginning of your thesis or dissertation. This can be especially useful if you are new to a field, or if
you are interested in keeping up with current thinking on a particular topic. The literature review
usually comes near the beginning of your thesis or dissertation. Yet, in most cases, it’s a part of a
more significant task. You can use a simple Synthesis Matrix to track your notes as you read. A
review organized in this manner would shift between time periods within each section according to
the point made. Historical Review Few things rest in isolation from historical precedent. Int J
Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19:4659. Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Brigo F, Zaboli A, Rella E, Sibilio S, Canelles MF, Magnarelli G, et al. Search methods Precise
searches were designed by an experienced health sciences librarian in Ovid databases, Medline,
Embase, and Emcare based on two target papers and input from the research team. Connect the
review with your research. DeCarlo, M. (2018). 4.1 What is a literature review. Why conduct a
literature review, stages of a literature review, lit reviews: an overview (video), check out these
books. More commonly, the pyramid is inverted, and the review begins with the wider context,
honing in ever closer to your topic. For instance, indicators originally designed for acute or inpatient
care settings, where security resources are more abundant, may fail to address the unique needs of
less-equipped outpatient primary care. If your research is drawn from multiple disciplines then the
methodological way is the best to use. When writing your review, keep in mind these issues. Which
points do the researchers agree (and disagree) on. In recent years, the number of systematic reviews
in the field of health informatics has increased considerably. The annotations inform the reader of the
relevance, accuracy and quality of the sources cited.
Do that in accordance with the type of literature review organization that you chose (thematic,
chronological, or methodological). A good strategy is to begin by searching the McMaster Library
Catalogue for resources about your chosen topic. Out tomorrow. It’s really the same as the daisy
model, see TW here and Leave a comment Cancel reply Search for: Follow Blog via Email Enter
your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Moreover, a
literature review also aims to provide sufficient supporting information for a specific subject. In
PubMed, articles are tagged with MeSH terms ( Me dical S ubject H eadings). Qualitative research
articles are often reviewed with a focus on authenticity, credibility, and validity. Narrow the Topic
The narrower your topic, the easier it will be to limit the number of sources you need to read in order
to obtain a good survey of relevant resources. If the literature review is part of your dissertation or
thesis, reiterate how your research addresses gaps and contributes new knowledge, or discuss how
you have drawn on existing theories and methods to build a framework for your research. In writing
historically, your intention is to show how your research either adds logically to what has gone
before, or to show how your research challenges a taken for granted assumption in the field, or how
it advances a particular body of work in the field. After making up your mind about the sources, go
for reading different literature on the concerned research subject area. This is probably when the
most students wonder “Is there someone who could complete my assignment?” That. This variation
in interpretation can, of course, wreak havoc on how your study is understood. If your assignment is
not very specific, seek clarification from your instructor: Roughly how many sources should you
include. Contemporary advancements in information technology and quality assurance theory have
allowed indicators to become compelling and actionable sources of evidence. The last and main
purpose is reviewing available literature chosen for a dissertation. Ensure that your writing is well-
structured and flows logically, with each paragraph focusing on a specific theme or aspect of the
literature. Communications of the Association for Information Systems. 2005; 16:1. Kirkevold M.
Integrative nursing research — an important strategy to further the development of nursing science
and nursing practice. BMC Health Serv Res. 2007;7. Wirth T, Peters C, Nienhaus A, Schablon A. For
example: Is there any pattern in the literature, are the shreds of evidence enough for the theme, and
what categories and central themes other researchers have used. Chronological The simplest approach
is to trace the development of the topic over time. In the present context, the notion of rigour refers
to the reliability and validity of the review process described in section 9.2. For one thing, reliability
is related to the reproducibility of the review process and steps, which is facilitated by a
comprehensive documentation of the literature search process, extraction, coding and analysis
performed in the review. Reply Delete Replies Reply Sam Young 3 December 2017 at 20:34 Thanks
SK Jennifer: glad you enjoyed it. The type of information you choose to mention should relate
directly to the research problem, whether it is thematic, methodological, or chronological. Look for
links between the various articles and try to develop a bigger picture view of the state of the
research. It provides a digital canvas where users can create and manipulate nodes representing
concepts or topics, and connect them with lines to show relationships and associations. For example,
if you are writing for academics or researchers who are familiar with the existing body of work on
your topic, you may only need to provide a traditional literature review that sums up what has been
previously published. First, there are the primary studies that researchers conduct and publish. After
you have combined all your search terms and made your very first database search, you should
examine the search results and analyse whether your search query is able to generate the type of
search hits that you are looking for. For example, if you were reviewing the literature on obesity in
children you might say something like: There are a large number of studies of obesity trends in the
general population. Objectivity -- is the author's perspective even-handed or prejudicial.
Depending upon the aims and objectives of your study, you should also discuss how your
anticipated findings may impact future research. How well do they present the material and do they
portray it according to an appropriate theory. You might argue for the relevance of a specific
theoretical approach, or combine various theoretical concepts to create a framework for your
research. For example, you might discuss: How different authors have approached the topic What
theoretical frameworks have been used What methodologies have been employed What themes or
patterns have emerged from the research What unsolved problems or unanswered questions remain in
the field Conclusion: summarise what has been covered in your literature review, and reiterate its
importance for further research in the field. Hoboken, nj: Wiley-Blackwell; 2008. Jesson J., Matheson
L., Lacey F.M. Doing your literature review: traditional and systematic techniques. There are several
common mistakes that students make when writing a literature review. In the conclusion, you should
summarise the key findings you have taken from the literature and emphasise their significance.
Convey it to your reader A literature review may not have a traditional thesis statement (one that
makes an argument), but you do need to tell readers what to expect. For example, if you are
reviewing literature about inequalities in migrant health outcomes, key themes might include
healthcare policy, language barriers, cultural attitudes, legal status, and economic access. There is an
increasing interest in the visual aspects of social media. It should answer questions such as: What
research has been done on the topic. Note that this is not the same as a conceptual framework. In
these cases, the lit review just needs to cover scholarship that is important to the issue you are
writing about; sometimes it will also cover key sources that informed your research methodology.
Simply indicating what an author claims or has found is not sufficient. Next, validity characterizes
the degree to which the review process was conducted appropriately. You should be able to answer it
based only on a review of existing publications. Analyze the Literature Take notes as you read
through each paper that will be included in the review In the notes include: purpose of study
reviewed synopsis of content research design or methods used in study brief review of findings
Once notes complete organize common themes together. Depending on the length of your literature
review, you can combine several of these strategies (for example, your overall structure might be
thematic, but each theme is discussed chronologically). Depending on how long your literature
review is, you can divide your body into subsections. Synthesize Provide a connection between the
sources to ensure the reader understands how each is related to the others and how they tie into your
overall study area or research. ?? Be objective Has the author given enough information on the topic
he has researched. Developing quality indicators for patient safety and WPV outcomes is
challenging due to the multi-dimensional complexity of the interventions involved and the scope of
the problem. The subsections might include how they are personified, how their proportions are
exaggerated, and their behaviors misunderstood. Students ought to change the perception that
writing a literature review is one of the most minor parts of a research paper. Selecting articles When
you have completed and feel satisfied with your search, it is time to go through all the search hits
and select which studies to include in your review. A search query needs to be broad enough to
retrieve all relevant studies, but on the other hand, this also means that a large portion of the search
results will be irrelevant. A literature review also includes a critical evaluation of the material; this is
why it is called a literature review rather than a literature report. Achieving this involves shifting
away from blaming patients in favor of understanding the stressors underlying their behavior. A well-
written literature review provides a thorough understanding of the research field, identifies gaps in
the existing literature, and helps to establish the importance of proposed research project. It gives the
reader an idea of what you have discussed and you also give your final opinion on the topic and
make some recommendations. For a research proposal (Burge, 2005) MS 640: Introduction to
Biomedical Information 4.
This way you are off to a good start, as test searching helps you investigate the terminology of your
subject area and find relevant search terms. While the final search strategy is typically reported in
full, you don't need to present your test queries in your thesis. The purpose is to place research in a
historical context to show familiarity with state-of-the-art developments and to identify the likely
directions for future research. Rather, the purpose here is to reflect upon gaps in the current body of
literature and to describe how and in what ways you anticipate your research will begin to fill in
some or all of those gaps. As such, as new information becomes available, literature reviews grow in
length or become focused on one specific aspect of the topic. Management Information Systems
Quarterly. 2002; 26 (2):11. Whitlock E. P., Lin J. S., Chou R., Shekelle P., Robinson K.A. Using
existing systematic reviews in complex systematic reviews. It should also be structured and cohesive.
? How to write a lit review for a dissertation. If you’re working with Grad Coach, this is a good time
to have your Research Specialist review your chapter. Thank you Coach, you have greatly enriched
and improved my knowledge Great piece, so enriching and it is going to help me a great lot in my
project and thesis, thanks so much This is THE BEST site for ANYONE doing a masters or
doctorate. Writing teachers often say synthesis is like hosting a dinner party: imagine all your
sources are together in a room, discussing your topic. Usually you will need to synthesize research
rather than just summarizing it. Does the work ultimately contribute in any significant way to an
understanding of the subject. Be careful when taking notes to use quotation marks if you are
provisionally copying verbatim from the literature. To summarize the evidence presented and show
its significance Rather than restating your thesis or purpose statement, explain what your review tells
you about the current state of the field If the review is an introduction to your own research, the
conclusion highlights gaps and indicates how previous research leads to your own research project
and chosen methodology. Look at the search history to see what words and limits that you have used
when searching a database. If you have no topic, you need to decide it for yourself while making it
correlate with your scope of research of a subject area. Read more about reference management and
see software guides. Literature Review Table One way to organize your thought process, and your
writing, is to create a Literature Review Table. What types of sources should I review (books, journal
articles, websites; scholarly versus popular sources)? 3. If you have found some recurring central
themes, you can organise your literature review into subsections that address different aspects of the
topic. The main procedures of a systematic review involve: Formulating a review question and
developing a search strategy based on explicit inclusion criteria for the identification of eligible
studies (usually described in the context of a detailed review protocol). Across all studies, quality
indicators served to identify areas for improvement, track the quality of interventions, or
contextualize resource allocation for specific challenges. Here keep in mind that they are taken from
trustworthy databases and libraries and that they are peer-reviewed. Should I summarize, synthesize,
or critique your sources by discussing a common theme or issue. The challenges for this search
included examples of violence being addressed in the body of the papers but not in the searchable
fields of the database records, the frequency with which terms related to the concepts of interest
appear in unrelated article records, and the speed with which the review stage of the Quality
Improvement project needed completion. Many databases overlap, but may also contain unique
content. Problem formulation -- which topic or field is being examined and what are its component
issues? 2. The clearer and narrower your focus, the deeper you can dive into the topic (which is
typically where the magic lies). Some reviews declare that they have scanned the literature up to a
certain point in time, but given that peer review can be a rather lengthy process, a full search for
newly appeared literature at the revision stage may be worthwhile. First, exhaustive coverage means
an effort is made to be as comprehensive as possible in order to ensure that all relevant studies,
published and unpublished, are included in the review and, thus, conclusions are based on this all-
inclusive knowledge base. It is often written as part of a thesis, dissertation, or research paper, in
order to situate your work in relation to existing knowledge.