GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC AMBAD

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

DIPLOMA IN ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

(PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING-22504)

A. Y. 2023-24

A MICRO-PROJECT REPORT ON

” TYPES OF PIPE MATERIAL FOR WATER TREATMENT PLANT "

FOR THE AWARD OF

(CIVIL ENGINEERING- T. Y. CE 5I)

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

MRS .D.A.NAGKIRTI

SUBMITTED BY.

STUDENT NAME ROLL NO. ENROLLMENT NO.

MANOJ KAILAS RATHOD 313. 2111620047

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 CERTIFICATE

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC
AMBAD
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

(PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING-22504)

A. Y. -2023-2024

This is to certify that the Micro-project entitled ” TYPES OF PIPE

MATERIAL FOR WATER TREATMENY PLANT beingsubmitted herewith
for the award of DIPLOMA IN ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY in CIVIL
ENGINEERING of MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD & TECHNICAL
EDUCATION (MSBTE) is the result of Micro-project work completed under my
supervision and guidance by Miss .D.A.NAGKIRTI

To the best of my knowledge and belief, the work embodied in this Micro-

project has not formed earlier the basis for the award of any degree or diploma of

this or any other Board or examining body.

Miss. D.A.NAGKIRTI Mr. P.V .MORE Dr. A.M.AGARKAR

GUIDE TEACHER HOD PRINCIPAL

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 DECLARATION
We, the undesired, hereby declare that the project entitled TYPES OF PIPE
MATERIAL FOR WATER TREATMENT PLANT”. Ambad during Year 2023-24, fifth
Semester for partial fulfillment of the ‘Micro Project’ requirement of PUBLIC
HEALTH ENGINEERING-(22504) Subject under Maharashtra State Board of
Technical Education, Mumbai curriculum, under the guidance of
Mrs. D.A.NAGKIRTI is our original work
The empirical findings in this project are based on the data collected in this
project is not copied from any other sources.

STUDENT NAME ROLL NO. ENROLLMENT SIGN.

NO.

MANOJ KAILAS RATHOD 313 2111620047

.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I have great pleasure to express my immense gratitude towards a
dynamic person and my project guided all my group. Department of Civil
Engineering, Government Polytechnic, Ambad for giving me an opportunity to
work on an interesting topic over one semester. The work presented here
could not have been accomplished without his most competent and inspiring
guidance, incessant encouragement, constructive criticism and constant
motivation during all phases of our group Micro-project work. I am greatly
indebted to him.

I am very much thankful Mr. P.V. MORE Head, Department of Civil

Engineering and Dr. A.M. AGARKAR Principal, Government Polytechnic, ambad
, for his encouragement and providing me a motivating environment and
project facilities in the Institute to carry out experiments and complete this
Micro- project work would like to extend our thanks to all our professors, staff
members and all our friends who extended their co-operation to complete the
project. I am indeed indebted to my parents and other family members for
their immense help at all levels with moral, social & financial support, care and
support throughout my studies without which my work would not have seen
light of the day.

With warm regards,

Yours Sincerely,
Place: Ambad MR. ------------------------------------------------

Date:

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PART - A
TITLE OF MICRO-PROJECT: DIFFERENT TYPES OF PIPE MATERIAL FOR WATER
TREATMENT PLANT
RATIONALE: Exploring various types of pipe material
AIM/BENEFITS OF MICRO PROJECT:. The smooth inner surface of pipes allows
for a life long consistent flow rate and optimal hydraulic performance
COURSE OUTCOME: Identify various accessories for efficient conveyance and
distribution of water.

RESOURCES REQUIRED:

Sr.no Name of Specification Quantity Remark

resources
1. Internet ……. 01
2. Laptop/computer ……. 01
3. Relevant Books ……. 01

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ACTION PLANE :

SR . DETAILS OF THE PLAN PLAN Group

No. ACTIVITIES STARTED FINISHED Member
DATE DATE

1. PROJECT IS DISTRIBUTED BY MANOJ

OUR TEACHER AND GROUP GET 26/07/23 02/08/23
THE PROJECT NAMES METHOD
OF COLLECTION OF WASTE

2. GROUP MEMBERS APPOINTED MANOJ

MEETING AND PROJECT WORK 09/08/23 09/08/23
IS DISTRIBUTED TO ALL GROUP
MEMBER.

3. FIRST DECIDED AND MANOJ

SEARCHING INFORMATION OF 09/08/23 23/08/23
PROJECT ON NETWORK,
LIBRARY BOOKS

4. THE COLLECTION OF MANOJ

INFORMATION AND ARRANGED 26/08/23 06/09/23
INFORMATION

5. THE WORK STARTED TO MAKE MANOJ

A PROJECT REPORT AND CHAR 13/09/23 27/09/23

6. CHECK THE PROJECT REPORT MANOJ

WHEN COMPLETED WORK 27/09/23 04/10/23

7. MAKING PROPOSAL OF MANOJ

PROJECT REPORT. 04/10/23 11/10/23

8. MAKING PROJECT REPORT 11/10/23 25/10/23 MANOJ

9. CHECK ALL INFORMATION 25/10/23 01/11/23 MANOJ

10. SUBMITTED MICRO PROJECT MANOJ

REPORT AND CHART 01/11/23 08/11/23

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PART-B
AIM/BENEFITS OF MICRO PROJECT: The smooth inner surface of pipes allows for a life
long consistent flow rate and optimal hydraulic performance

COURSE OUTCOME: Identify various accessories for efficient conveyance and

distribution of water.
Reference Books: We have collected extensive information on various types of
Pipe material from reference books available in our library.

RESOURCES REQUIRED:

SR . No. Name of Resources Specification Quantity Remark

1. Internet --- 01
2. Laptop/Computer --- 01
3 Relative book --- 01

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 Abstract

Municipal water supply and drainage project is one of the

infrastructures that affects the planning of modern city construction.
Therefore, it is required that the municipal water supply and drainage
project can achieve economic, social and ecological benefits. As one
of the basic elements of engineering project, the quality, performance
and price of pipe materials have become a common concern in
engineering construction. With the continuous development of
modern science and technology, the type of water supply and
drainage pipe has increased significantly. This paper briefly analyse
the properties, advantages and disadvantages, and application of
common water supply and drainage pipes, hoping to provide some
reference and help for the selection of pipe materials

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 INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS A PIPE

Definition =
The conduit through which water flows under pressure is knownas pipe as pipe

A pipe is a tubular section or hollow cylinder, usually but not necessarily ofcircular
cross-section, used mainly to convey substances which can flow liquids and gases
(fluids), slurries, powders and masses of small solids.

FACTORS AFFECTING SELECTION OF PIPE ARE. :

1 Carrying capacity of the pipes.

2. Durability of pipe.

3. Availability of funds.

4 .Maintenance cost, repairs.

S. Type of water to be conveyed and its possible corrosive effect on pipe material

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DIFFERENT TYPES OF PIPE
1. Gravity conduit
Aqueducts , Tunnel
2. Pressure conduit
Depend on material type of pipe
1.Asbestos
2 .Cast iron
3. Steel
4.RCC
5. Pre – stressed
6. Wrought iron
7. Copper 8.Lead
9. Plastic pipe
10. Wooden pipe

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1. Asbestos pipes:
- Asbestos pipes are made from a mixture of asbestos fibres and cement.
Use : It is used to convey water under very low pressure and their use in
conveying and supplying water is very must restricted.
Advantages:
(1) The inside surface of pipe is very smooth.
(2) This pipes are anticorrosive.
(3) The joining of pipes is very good and flexible.
(4) As the pipes are light in weight they are easy to handle and transport.
(5) The pipes are very suitable for distribution pipes of small size.
(6) Cheap in cost.
Disadvantages:
(1) The pipes are brittle.
(2) The pipes cannot be laid in exposed places.
(3) The pipes are not durable.
(4)The pipe are only used for very low pressures.

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2.Cast iron
Cast iron pipes are extensively used for the conveyance of water. They are
available in sizes upto diameter about 1200 mm or more.
Advantages:
1. The cost is moderate
2. The pipes are not subjected to corrosion
3. The pipes are strong and durable
4. The pipes are easy to join.
5. The usual life of cast iron pipes under normal conditions is about 100 years or
Disadvantages:
1. The breakages of this pipes are large.
2. The pipes are used for pressure greater than 0.7 N/mm².
3. The carrying capacity of these pipes decreases with the increase in life of pipes.
4. When the size increases beyond 1200 mm diameter, then pipes become heavier
as well as uneconomical.

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SR no CAST IRON PVC PIPE
1 The pipes which ar made up of The pipes which are made of PVC
cast iron are cast pipe are called PVC pipe.
2 This pipes are heavy, therefore This pipes are light in weight easy
difficult to transport to transport, bend join and install
3 The coefficient of expansion for this The coefficient of expansion for
pipe is low this pipe is high.
4 Cast iron is a hard Cast iron is a smooth

5 Cast iron is a metal alloy. Pvc piiep is not a metal alloy.

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 3. RCC PIPE
The reinforcement in R.CC pipes consists of rings or hoops and longitudinal steel
bars.
This pipes may vary from 500 mm to 250 mm or more.
Advantages:
(1) The maintenance cost is low.
(2) The inside surface of pipes can be made smooth.
3) The pipes are durable with useful life of about 75 years.
4) The pipes can be cast at site of work and thus there is reduction in transport
charges.
(5) These pipes are heavy in weight and hence they will not be affected by the
force of buoyancy when placed under water even when they are empty.
6) These pipes will not collapse or fail under normal traffic loads when placed
below roads.
(7)When these pipes are used, there is no danger of rusting and incrustation

Disadvantages of R.C.C. pipe:

(1) Affected by acids
(2) Repairs are very difficult
(3) Transportation and laying cost is high(4) Difficult to make connections.

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4. STEEL
The mild steel is used for the manufacture of steel pipes.
The steel pipes are generally used for pipes having diameter greater than 1200
mm.
The inside and outside surfaces of steel pipes are generally galvanised.
[8:33 am, 03/10/2023] MR CONSTRUCTION:
Advantages:
1. The pipes are cheap in first coat.
2.The pipes are available in large length thus the number of joints becomes less.

3.The pipes are flexible to some extent and they can therefore be laid easily on
curves.
4. The pipes are durable and strong enough to resist high internal water pressure.
5.The pipes are light in weight and therefore if becomes easy to transport them.
Disadvantages:
1. The maintenance cost is high.
2. The pipes are likely to be rusted by slightly acidic or alkaline water.
3. The pipes require more time for repairs during breakdown thus not suitable for
distribution pipes
4. Under the action of internal and external force, steel pipes are likely to deform
in shape.

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5) Wrought iron:
These pipes are light in weight and they can be easily cut; threaded and worked
But they are found to costly and less durable as compared to the cast iron pipes.
Hence wrought are not used in the conveyance of water.
Advantages:
(i) Lighter the cast Iron pipe
(ii) Easily cut, threaded worked

(iii) Gives neat appearance if used in interior works.

Disadvantages:
(i) More costly than cast iron pipe
(ii)Less durable than cast iron pipe

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(6) Copper pipes
The copper pipes do not sag or bend due to hot water, thus their use is restricted
to convey hot water.
They are costly, thus cannot be used for distribution of water.

Advantages
(i) Not liable to corrode
(ii) They can be easily bent

(iii) Do not sage if hot water is used

Disadvantages
(i) Costlier.
(ii) Good conductor of electricity

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(7) Lead:
- These pipes are usually not adopted for the conveyance of water.
If proper care is not taken the lead pipes may cause lead poisoning.
The lead pipes are usually adopted for apparatus required for alum and
chlorine dosages.
- They can not be used to carry hot water as they seg or bend due to heat.

Advantages:
(1) Easily bent
(ii) Stand high pressure
Disadvantages:
(1) Cause poisoning
(ii) Sag when hot water is used

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(8) Plastics pipes:
The plastic is a new material of the modern age.
- The use of plastic pipe in the conveyance of water has increased.
Advantages:
(1) The pipes are good electrical insulators.
(2) The pipes are free from corrosion.

(1) The pipes are cheap, durable and the possess enough strength to resist
impact, sunlight and atmospheric actions.
(2) The pipes are light in weight and it is easy to bend, join and install them.
(3) The pipes upto certain sizes are available in coils and therefore it becomes
easy to transport them.
Disadvantages:
1 The coefficient of expansion for plastic is high.
2 The plastic are less resistant to heat.
3. It is difficult to obtain the plastic pipes of uniform composition.
4 Some types of plastic import taste to the water..

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(9) Wooden pipes:
These pipes are usually prepared of staves or planks of wood held together by
steel band.
The staves are manufactured from selected pine, red wood etc. free from
knots and othe defects.
The pipes are light in weight but they cannot bear high pressures

The life of these pipes is 30-50 years.

They have low friction coefficient due to which their carrying capacity is more.
Advantages:
(1) The carrying capacity of wooden pipes does not decrease with age.
(2) These pipes can be easily repaired.
(3) They are damaged by corrosive water.
(4)They can be cheaply and easily laid
Disadvantages:
1. They leak under varying pressures.
2. They can not bear high pressure and may collapse under heavy external
loads.
3. Such pipes may decay.

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 Conclusions

In order to ensure the safety and stability of water supply

and drainage system and protect the health of users, the
selection of pipe materials is very important. Reasonable
selection of pipe material can also effectively save money
and energy. Using traditional mental pipes, corrosion and
water leakage are easy to occur, while new-type plastic
pipes and composite materials pipes can solve the
problems well. With the progress of science and
technology, more pipes with strong comprehensive
performance and good environmental protection
performance will appear, which will bring grea

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 REFFRENCE
https://whatispiping.com/piping-material-selection/

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/pipe-material

https://www.ny-engineers.com/blog/which-is-the-best-piping-material-for-plumbing-installations

https://www.pipingengineer.org/piping-material-engineering/

https://www.masterspublichealth.net/faq/what-is-a-public-health-engineer/

https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/finding-a-job/public-health-engineering

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