‫المعهد العالي للفنون التطبيقية بالتجمع الخامس‬

‫‪English assignment no.1‬‬

‫االسم‪ :‬روان أمين محمد أمين‬
‫التخصص‪ :‬تصميم داخلي و أثاث‬
‫الفرقة‪ :‬األولى‬
‫المادة‪ :‬االنجليزية‬
‫المحاضرة‪ :‬الثانية‬
‫دكتورة المادة ‪ :‬د‪ /‬ياسمين الجزيري‬
1.tips for writing essays :

A. Pick a topic :

First, define your purpose. Is your essay to inform or persuade? Once you have determined the
purpose, you will need to do some research on topics that you find intriguing. Think about your life.
What is it that interests you? Jot these subjects down. Finally, evaluate your options. If your goal is to
educate, choose a subject that you have already studied. If your goal is to persuade, choose a subject
that you are passionate about. Whatever the mission of the essay, make sure that you are interested in
your topic.

B. Prepare an outline or diagram of your ideas:

In order to write a successful essay, you must organize your thoughts. By taking what's already in your
head and putting it to paper, you are able to see connections and links between ideas more clearly. This
structure serves as a foundation for your paper. Use either an outline or a diagram to jot down your
ideas and organize them. To create a diagram, write your topic in the middle of your page. Draw three
to five lines branching off from this topic and write down your main ideas at the ends of these lines.
Draw more lines off these main ideas and include any thoughts you may have on these ideas. If you
prefer to create an outline, write your topic at the top of the page. From there, begin to list your main
ideas, leaving space under each one. In this space, make sure to list other smaller ideas that relate to
each main idea. Doing this will allow you to see connections and will help you to write a more organized
essay.

C. Write your thesis statement:

Now that you have chosen a topic and sorted your ideas into relevant categories, you must create a
thesis statement. Your thesis statement tells the reader the point of your essay. Look at your outline or
diagram. What are the main ideas? Your thesis statement will have two parts. The first part states the
topic, and the second part states the point of the essay. For instance, if you were writing about Bill
Clinton and his impact on the United States, an appropriate thesis statement would be, "Bill Clinton has
impacted the future of our country through his two consecutive terms as United States President.

D. Write the body:

The body of your essay argues, explains or describes your topic. Each main idea that you wrote in your
diagram or outline will become a separate section within the body of your essay. Each body paragraph
will have the same basic structure. Begin by writing one of your main ideas as the introductory sentence.
Next, write each of your supporting ideas in sentence format, but leave three or four lines in between
each point to come back and give detailed examples to back up your position. Fill in these spaces with
relative information that will help link smaller ideas together.

E. Write the introduction :

Now that you have developed your thesis and the overall body of your essay, you must write an
introduction. The introduction should attract the reader's attention and show the focus of your essay.
Begin with an attention grabber. You can use shocking information, dialogue, a story, a quote, or a
simple summary of your topic. Whichever angle you choose, make sure that it ties in with your thesis
statement, which will be included as the last sentence of your introduction.

F. Write the conclusion:

The conclusion brings closure of the topic and sums up your overall ideas while providing a final
perspective on your topic. Your conclusion should consist of three to five strong sentences. Simply
review your main points and provide reinforcement of your thesis.

G. Add the finishing touches:

After writing your conclusion, you might think that you have completed your essay but Wrong. Before
you consider this a finished work, you must pay attention to all the small details. Check the order of your
paragraphs. Your strongest points should be the first and last paragraphs within the body, with the
others falling in the middle. Also, make sure that your paragraph order makes sense. If your essay is
describing a process, such as how to make a great chocolate cake, make sure that your paragraphs fall in
the correct order. Review the instructions for your essay, if applicable. Many teachers and scholarship
forms follow different formats, and you must double check instructions to ensure that your essay is in
the desired format. Finally, review what you have written. Reread your paper and check to see if it
makes sense. Make sure that sentence flow is smooth and add phrases to help connect thoughts or
ideas. Check your essay for grammar and spelling mistakes.

2.how to write an essay :

1. Research: Begin the essay writing process by researching your topic, making yourself an expert. Utilize
the internet, the academic databases, and the library. Take notes and immerse yourself in the words of
great thinkers.

2. Analysis: Now that you have a good knowledge base, start analyzing the arguments of the essays
you're reading. Clearly define the claims, write out the reasons, the evidence. Look for weaknesses of
logic, and also strengths. Learning how to write an essay begins by learning how to analyze essays
written by others.

3. Brainstorming: Your essay will require insight of your own, genuine essay-writing brilliance. Ask
yourself a dozen questions and answer them. Meditate with a pen in your hand. Take walks and think
and think until you come up with original insights to write about.

4. Thesis: Pick your best idea and pin it down in a clear assertion that you can write your entire essay
around. Your thesis is your main point, summed up in a concise sentence that lets the reader know
where you're going, and why. It's practically impossible to write a good essay without a clear thesis.
5. Outline: Sketch out your essay before straightway writing it out. Use one-line sentences to describe
paragraphs, and bullet points to describe what each paragraph will contain. Play with the essay's order.
Map out the structure of your argument, and make sure each paragraph is unified.

6. Introduction: Now sit down and write the essay. The introduction should grab the reader's attention,
set up the issue, and lead in to your thesis. Your intro is merely a buildup of the issue, a stage of bringing
your reader into the essay's argument.

7. Paragraphs: Each individual paragraph should be focused on a single idea that supports your thesis.
Begin paragraphs with topic sentences, support assertions with evidence, and expound your ideas in the
clearest, most sensible way you can. Speak to your reader as if he or she were sitting in front of you. In
other words, instead of writing the essay, try talking the essay.

8. Conclusion: Gracefully exit your essay by making a quick wrap-up sentence, and then end on some
memorable thought, perhaps a quotation, or an interesting twist of logic, or some call to action. Is there
something you want the reader to walk away and do? Let him or her know exactly what.

9. MLA Style: Format your essay according to the correct guidelines for citation. All borrowed ideas and
quotations should be correctly cited in the body of your text, followed up with a Works Cited
(references) page listing the details of your sources.

10. Language: You're not done writing your essay until you've polished your language by correcting the
grammar, making sentences flow, incorporating rhythm, emphasis, adjusting the formality, giving it a
level-headed tone, and making other intuitive edits. Proofread until it reads just how you want it to
sound. Writing an essay can be tedious, but you don't want to bungle the hours of conceptual work
you've put into writing your essay by leaving a few slippy misspellings and pourly worded phrases.

3.what is a paragraph :

A paragraph is much more than a collection of connected sentences. It is a building block of essay
development, and paragraphs provide the structure needed to develop the thesis of a paper. In fact, a
useful way to think about a paragraph is as a “mini-essay,” or an essay within an essay, with its own
mini-thesis (the topic sentence), middle or body (the supporting details) and end or conclusion (the
concluding sentence). To understand how paragraphs help to develop a thesis, think of them as
landmarks on a map. With each paragraph, you describe where you are standing and point the direction
for your readers to make sure they complete the journey to your conclusion. A vague signpost or a
detour down a side trail could well have your readers lost and wondering where you are taking them.
Clear signals, on the other hand, in the form of clearly worded topic sentences, relevant support,
reasonable interpretations of material, and logical conclusions will help your readers follow the
development of your ideas.
4. What is a paragraph structure :
5.How do you write a paragraph :

a. Make the first sentence of your topic sentence. The first line of your first paragraph
sets up what information is to come as your audience reads on. Even in fiction, the
introduction of a paragraph either establishes an idea or scenario or continues one
from the paragraph before. Regardless of what format or genre you’re writing for,
every good paragraph starts with a central focus that the rest of the paragraph will aim
to support.
b. Provide support via the middle sentences. These sentences include follow-up
information to your key sentence or previous paragraph. Whatever idea you aim to
convey, these sentences are where you convince your reader to believe or envision
what you do, and give them everything they need to see your point of view.
c. Make your last sentence a conclusion or transition. Even if it’s not at the end of the
piece, a conclusive sentence can refer to the last line of its own paragraph, which
concludes a particular idea or train of thought before moving on to start a new line for
the next paragraph. This next paragraph can continue on the same idea, but the
ending of each paragraph should briefly summarize the information that was provided
before moving on.
d. Know when to start a new paragraph. A paragraph break is necessary when starting a
new topic, introducing a new speaker, contrasting other POVs or ideas, or providing
white space to give readers a pause from a longer paragraph. For example, in a
novel, you may start a new paragraph when bringing in a new character, or specify
when a different character is speaking, which can help the reader separate action text
from dialogue more readily. Paragraph breaks can control the pacing of your writing,
and generate particular feelings or moods for your reader. While there is no set
amount of sentences required per paragraph, in some instances, a single paragraph
may consist of a single sentence, but it is acceptable as long as it supports your
central idea, and doesn’t overwhelm your audience with too much information.
e. Use transition words. Transition words help tie together separate paragraphs,
connecting them to form a coherent idea. Phrases like “in addition” or “moreover” can
help readers track your ideas and understand how they relate to each other, making
for a smoother, more pleasant reading experience. This is especially useful for essay
writers and bloggers, who often focus on a singular idea at a time to share with their
audience.

6.how to make your paragraph flow :

1. Sentence Variety
Create variety in your sentences by varying the types of sentences you use, varying the
sentence length, and varying the way a sentence begins.
Examples
When he went to college, Vlade had good grades but was very unhappy.
Vlade went to college, where he earned good grades but was very unhappy.
Valde went to college. His grades were good, but he was very unhappy.
2. Parallelism
Use parallel sentence construction. (Phrase similar ideas in similar ways.) To ensure
parallelism, repeat articles and verb tenses with each item in a series.
Examples
Speaking in public is sometimes harder than speaking on the phone.
Donna Jo was asked to write, to answer phones, and to attend meetings.
For his birthday, Harvey asked for a watch, a bicycle, and a tennis racquet.
3. Tying Ideas Together
Tie ideas together by using one or more of the following techniques:
Use internal summaries to remind the reader of points you have already made.
Example: Thus, we have outlined four possible solutions to the problem.
Use pronouns to refer to nouns mentioned previously. Make sure the reference is clear.
Example: The suggestion was very creative. It saved the company several thousand dollars.
Repeat a key word or phrase.
Example: Several employees participated in the health fair. Of the events the company
sponsors during the year, the health fair is one of the most important.
Insert transitional words or phrases such as therefore, however, or consequently that connect
one idea to another.
Example: I went to the store; however, I did not find the equipment I needed.