壹、1-1 常用三角比公式

一、和差角公式
(1) sin(α+β) =sinαcosβ+cosαsinβ
(2) sin(α-β) =sinαcosβ-cosαsinβ
(3) cos(α+β) =cosαcosβ-sinαsinβ
(4) cos(α-β) = cosαcosβ+sinαsinβ
(5) tan(α+β) =(tanα+tanβ)/(1-tanαtanβ)
(6) tan(α-β) =(tanα-tanβ)/(1+tanαtanβ)
二、兩倍角公式
(1) sin2θ = 2sinθcosθ
(2) cos2θ = cos²θ-sin²θ=2 cos²θ-1=1- sin²θ
(3) tan2θ = (2tanθ)/(1-tan²θ)
三、半角公式
(1) sinθ/2 = ±√(1-cosθ)/√2
(2) cosθ/2 = ±√(1+cosθ)/√2
(3) tanθ/2 = ±√(1-cosθ)/√(1+cosθ)
= sinθ/(1+cosθ)
=(1-cosθ)/sinθ
四、三倍角公式
(1) sin3θ = 3sinθ-4sin³θ
(2) cos3θ = 4cos³θ-3cosθ
五、積化合差與和化積差
1. 由和角公式中(1)±(2)、(3)±(4)得
(1) sin(α+β) + sin(α-β) = 2sinαcosβ
(2) sin(α+β) - sin(α-β) = 2cosαsinβ
(3) cos(α+β)+ cos(α-β) = 2cosαcosβ
(4) cos(α+β) - cos(α-β) = -2sinαsinβ
α+β=A α-β=B ---> α=(A+B)/2 β=(A-B)/2
(1) sinA+sinB = 2 ∙sin(A+B)/2∙cos(A-B)/2
(2) sinA-sinB = 2 ∙cos(A+B)/2∙sin(A-B)/2
(3) cosA+cosB = 2 ∙cos(A+B)/2∙cos(A-B)/2
(4) cosA-cosB = -2 ∙sin(A+B)/2∙sin(A-B)/2
2.由和角公式中(1)x(2)、(3)x(4)得
(1) sin(α+β) ∙sin(α-β) = sin²α- sin²β
= cos²β- cos²α
(2) cos(α+β) ∙cos(α-β) = cos²α- sin²β
= cos²β- sin²α
 3.由二倍角公式
sin2θ=2sinθcosθ
sin4θ=2sin2θcos2θ
sin8θ=2sin4θcos4θ
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⨵sin2nθ=2sin2n-1θcos2n-1θ
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sin2ⁿθ=2ⁿ ∙sinθ ∙cosθcos2θcos4θ……cos2n-1θ
令 P= cosθcos2θcos4θ……cos2n-1θ
討論 sin2nθ=sinθ 則 P=1/2n
2nθ=θ+360°
(2ⁿ-1) θ=360°
θ=360/(2n-1)
sin2nθ=-sinθ 則 P=-(1/2n)
2nθ=-θ+360°
(2ⁿ+1) θ=360°
θ=360/(2n+1)
4.由和差化積之(2)
sin2θ -0 = 2cosθsinθ
sin4θ-sin2θ = 2cos3θsinθ
sin6θ-sin4θ = 2cos5θsinθ
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+)sin2nθ-sin2(n-1) θ = 2cos(2n-1θ)sinθ
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sin2nθ=2sinθ(cosθ+cos3θ+cos5θ+….+cos(2n-1) θ )
令 P= cosθ+cos3θ+cos5θ+….+cos(2n-1) θ =sin2nθ/2sinθ
討論 sin2nθ=θ 則 P=0
2nθ=360°
θ=360°/2n
sin2nθ=sinθ 則 P=1/2
(2n-1)θ=360°
θ=360°/(2n-1)
sin2nθ=sinθ 則 P=-1/2
 (2n+1)θ=360°
θ=360°/(2n+1)
5.
sin3θ -sinθ = 2cos2θsinθ
sin5θ-sin3θ = 2cos4θsinθ
sin7θ-sin5θ = 2cos6θsinθ
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+)sin(2n+1)θ-sin(2n-1)θ = 2cos2nθsinθ
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sin(2n+1)θ=2sinθ(cos2θ+cos4θ+cos6θ+….+cos2nθ )
令 P= cos2θ+cos4θ+cos6θ+….+cos2nθ=(sin(2n+1)θ-sinθ)/2sinθ
討論 sin(2n+1)θ=sinθ 則 P=0
2nθ=360°
θ=180°/n
sin(2n+1)θ=-sinθ 則 P=-1
(2n+2)θ=360°
θ=180°/(n+1)
sin(2n+1)θ=0 則 P=-1/2
(2n+1)θ=180°
θ=180°/(2n+1)