Physical Chemistry

Physical Chemistry
 Physical Chemistry

Lecture No.- 03 By- Anushka Ma'am

 1

PRAVESH 2.0 (2023)

Solid State DPP-01

1. Isotropy is observed in 8. Ionic solids have

(1) Crystalline solids (1) Van der Waal’s interactions
(2) Amorphous solid (2) Covalent bonds
(3) Coulombic interactions
(3) Both (1) & (2)
(4) H-bonding
(4) None of these
9. Metallic solids are
2. Which of the following is incorrect about crystalline (1) soft
solids? (2) Brittle
(1) They are anisotropic in nature. (3) ductile
(2) They have sharp melting point. (4) poor conductor of electricity
(3) They produce rough surface upon cutting.
10. Which of the following is an amorphous solid?
(4) They have definite crystal system. (1) Graphite (C)
(2) Quartz glass (SiO2)
3. The property of crystalline solid is not (3) Chrome alum
(1) Anisotropy (2) Isotropy (4) Silicon carbide (SiC)
(3) Hard (4) Dense
11. The sharp melting point of crystalline solids is due
to ________
4. Graphite is (1) a regular arrangement of constituent particles
(1) Molecular solid (2) Metallic solid observed over a short distance in the crystal
(3) Covalent solid (4) Ionic solid lattice.
(2) a regular arrangement of constituent particles
5. Molecular solids, generally, have observed over a long distance in the crystal
lattice.
(1) Weak interaction force
(3) same arrangement of constituent particles in
(2) Low melting point
different directions.
(3) Poor conductivity (4) different arrangement of constituent particles
(4) All of above in different directions.

12. How many crystal systems have only two Bravais

6. A solid melts slightly above 273 K and is a poor
lattices?
conductor of heat and electricity. To which of the
following categories does it belong? (1) 1 (2) 2
(3) 3 (4) 4
(1) Ionic solid (2) Covalent solid
(3) Metallic solid (4) Molecular solid 13. The effective number of atoms in PCC, FCC & BCC
unit cell respectively are
7. Glass is (1) 1, 2, 4 (2) 4, 2, 1
(1) True solid (2) Pseudo solid (3) 1, 4, 2 (4) 2, 4, 1
(3) Crystalline solid (4) Molecular solid
 2

14. If hypothetically end centered cubic cell exist in 20. A solid has P atoms at corners & Q atoms at face
nature, effective no. of atoms per unit cell would be centers. If atoms along one of the face diagonals are
(1) 1 (2) 2 removed, formula of solid would be
(1) P2Q3 (2) P4Q3
(3) 3 (4) 4 (3) P4Q5 (4) P3Q10

21. A solid AB forms FCC packing with A-atoms at

15. If  =  = , the crystal can’t be
Face-centers & B atoms at 4 corners. If remaining
(1) Rhombohedral (2) Cubic corners has C atom, the simplest formula of solid is
(3) Tetragonal (4) Hexagonal (1) ABC (2) AB2C
(3) A4B3C (4) A6BC

16. How many bravais lattices are present in all crystal 22. Formula of given solid is
system?
(1) 10 (2) 12
(3) 14 (4) 16

17. Which of the following is incorrect?

(1) Cubic crystal has three bravias lattice. (1) AB3 (2) A3B2
(3) A2B5 (4) A2B
(2) Hexagonal crystal has only primitive packing.
(3) Tetragonal crystal has primitive & end- 23. The packing fraction in FCC lattice is
centered packing. 1 2
(1)  (2) 
(4) Triclinic crystal has only primitive packing. 6 6
3 2
(3)  (4) 
8 3
18. The most unsymmetrical & symmetrical systems are
respectively
24. Which of the following expression represents total
(1) Tetragonal, Cubic volume of atoms present in a FCC unit cell of a
(2) Monoclinic, Hexagonal metal? (r is the atomic radius)
20 3 24 3
(3) Triclinic, Cubic (1) r (2) r
3 3
(4) Cubic, Trigonal
12 3 16 3
(3) r (4) r
3 3
19. A solid XY has X atoms forming PCC and Y atoms 25. Which of the following unit cell is most efficient?
are at face-centers. Simplest formula of solid is (1) BCC
(1) X2Y3 (2) X3Y (2) PCC
(3) HCP
(3) XY3 (4) XY
(4) All are equally efficient
 3

Answer Key
1. (2) 14. (2)
2. (3) 15. (4)
3. (2) 16. (3)
4. (3) 17. (3)
5. (4) 18. (3)
6. (4) 19. (3)
7. (2) 20. (4)
8. (3) 21. (4)
9. (3) 22. (3)
10. (2) 23. (2)
11. (2) 24. (4)
12. (2) 25. (3)
13. (3)
 4

Hint and Solution

1. (2) 13. (3)
Amorphous solids show isotropic nature. For, PCC ; Z = 1
FCC ; Z = 4
2. (3) BCC ; Z = 2
Crystalline solids produce smooth surface upon
cutting. 14. (2)
1 1
3. (2) ECC  Z = 8 × +2× =2
8 2
Crystalline solids are not isotropic in nature.
Crystalline solids are anisotropic, hard and dense in
15. (4)
nature.
For hexagonal cell,
 =  = 90°,
4. (3)
Graphite has covalent bonded network of C-atom.  = 120°

16. (3)
5. (4)
There are total 14 bravias lattices.
These all are characteristics of molecular solids.
17. (3)
6. (4) Cubic : Primitive, Face centered, Body Centered
Molecular solid is a bad conductor of heat & Hexagonal : Primitive
electricity and has high mp. Tetragonal : Primitive, Body centered
Triclinic : Primitive
7. (2)
Glass is super-cooled liquid.
18. (3)
Triclinic crystal  a  b  c ;      = 90°
8. (3)
Ionic solids are formed by ions through coulombic Cubic crystal  a = b = c ;  =  =  = 90°
interactions
. 19. (3)
9. (3) ZX = 8 × 1/8 = 1 ; ZY = 6 × 1/2 = 3
Metals show ductility. Formula : X1Y3

10. (2) 20. (4)

Quartz glass (SiO2). ZP = (8 – 2) × 1/8 = 3/4,
ZQ = 5 × 1/2 = 10/4
11. (2) Formula  P3Q10
A regular arrangement of constituent particles
observed over a long distance in the crystal lattice. 21. (4)
ZA = 6 × 1/2 = 3 ; ZB = 4 × 1/8 = 1/2
12. (2) ZC = 4 × 1/8 = ½
Tetragonal & Monoclinic crystals have two bravais Formula A6BC
lattices.
 5

22. (3) 24. (4)

1 1 5
ZA  8   1 ; ZB  10   Volume of atoms in a unit cell
8 4 2
4 16
Formula : A2B5  r3  4  r 3
3 3
23. (2) (In FCC unit cell, the effective number of atoms
For FCC cell, present = 4)
Z = 4, 4r = 2a
Z  4r 3
PF  25. (3)
3a 3
HCP & FCC unit cells have highest packing
 2 2a 3 
4  4   efficiency.
 43 

3  a3
2
PF 
6

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 1

PRAVESH 2.0 (2023)

Solid State DPP-02

1. Which defect causes decrease in the density of 7. Structure shown here represents:
crystal?
A+ B– A+ B–
(1) Frenkel (2) Schottky
A+
(3) Interstitial (4) centre
B– A+ B– A+
Cation : A+
2. Which of the following has the least void space e–
fraction in their structure? Anion : B–
+ – + –
A B A B
(1) BCC (2) BCC and HCP
(3) HCP (4) FCC and HCP
B– A+ B– A+
3. The number of octahedral void in BCC structure is (1) Schottky defect (2) Frenkel defect
(1) 0 (2) 1
(3) Both defects (4) None of these
(3) 2 (4) 4

4. The packing fraction in FCC lattice is 8. Frenkel defect is noticed in

1 2 (1) AgBr (2) ZnS
(1)  (2) 
6 6 (3) AgI (4) All of these
3 2
(3)  (4) 
8 3 9. In schottky defect
5. Packing efficiency of an identical solid sphere is 74% (1) Solid becomes net positively charged.
in (2) Density is lowered.
(1) Simple cubic structure
(3) Electrical conductivity decreases.
(2) BCC structure
(4) Solid develops color.
(3) HCP structure
(4) None of these
10. AgBr can show
6. Structure shown here represents: (1) Frenkel defect (2) Schottky defect
A+ B– A+ B– (3) Both (4) None

B– B– A+
Cation : A+ 11. Which defect decreases density of the crystal?
+
A –
Anion : B (1) Frenkel defect (2) Schottky defect
A+ B– A+ B–
(3) Both (1) & (2) (4) None of these

B– A+ B– A+
(1) Schottky defect 12. LiCl is pink due to
(2) Frenkel defect (1) Frenkel defect (2) Schottky defect
(3) Metal excess defect (3) F-Center (4) Interstitial defect
(4) None of these
 2

13. Which among the given metal oxides is 16. Which one of the following has Frenkel defect
antiferromagnetic in nature? (1) Sodium chloride (2) Graphite
(1) MnO (2) CrO2 (3) Silver bromide (4) Diamond
(3) NO2 (4) CrO2
17. Which one of the following compounds shows both.
Frenkel as well as Schottky defects?
14. Which among the given defects is also known as (1) AgI (2) NaCl
dislocation defect? (3) ZnS (4) AgBr
(1) Frenkel defect (2) Schottky defect
18. Silicon should be doped with which one of the
(3) Non-stoichiomeric (4) Metal excess defect following so as to give p-type of semiconductor?
(1) Nitrogen (2) Arsenic
15. Among the given defects, which is also known as (3) Selenium (4) Boron
dislocation defect?
19. Si doped with electron rich impurity forms
(1) Frenkel defect
(1) p-type semiconductor
(2) Schottky defect
(2) n-type semiconductor
(3) Metal excess defect (3) Insulator
(4) Simple interstitial defect (4) Salt bridge
 3

Answer Key
1. (2) 11. (2)
2. (4) 12. (3)
3. (1) 13. (1)
4. (2) 14. (1)
5. (3) 15. (1)
6. (2) 16. (3)
7. (4) 17. (4)
8. (4) 18. (4)
9. (2) 19. (2)
10. (3)
 4

Hint and Solution

1. (2) .9. (2)
Schottky defect decreases the density of the In schottky defect, ion pairs are missing from their
substance. lattice points.

2. (4) 10. (3)

FCC & HCP has highest packing fraction & therefore AgBr can show both Frenkel & Schottky defect.
least void space fraction.

11. (2)
3. (1)
Due to missing ion pair, density decreases due to
BCC unit cell doesn’t have any octahedral void.
Schottky defect.

4. (2)
12. (3)
For FCC cell,
LiCl is pink due to presence of F-center.
Z = 4, 4r = 2a
Z  4r 3
PF  13. (1)
3a 3
Among the given, MnO is anti-ferromagnetic in
 2 2a 3  nature.
4  4  
 43 

3  a3 14. (1)
2
PF  Frenkel defect is also known as dislocation defect as
6 in this, the smaller ion (usually cation) is dislocated
from its normal site to an interstitial site, hence it is
5. (3) also called dislocation effect.
Both FCC & HCP has 74% packing efficiency
6. (2) 15. (1)
Frenkel defect has dislocation of smaller ion. Frenkel defect is also known as dislocation defect
because atom present in crystal lattice is dislocated
7. (4) from normal site to interstitial site in frenkel defect.
Given defect is metal excess defect.
16. (3)
8. (4) Due to large difference in the size of Ag+ and Br– ions,
Frenkel defect is noticed in ionic solids with low AgBr exhibits Frenkel defect.
radius ratio.
 5

17. (4) When Si or Ge and doped with group 13 elements like

AgBr shows both, Frenkel as well as Schottky indium (ln), boron (B), p-type semiconductors are
defects. formed.
It is because AgBr crystal has a coordination number
of 6 which is neither high nor low. The radius ratio of 19. (2)
AgBr is also intermediate, thus AgBr satisfies the Si doped with electron rich impurity like P forms a n-
conditions to exhibit both type of defects. type semiconductor, which is due to the presence of
free electron.
18. (4)

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 Physical Chemistry

Lecture No.- 01
By- Anushka Chaudhary Ma'am
 Physical Chemistry

Lecture No. - 02
By- Anushka Chaudhary Ma'am
Physical Chemistry
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PRAVESH 2.0 (2023)

Solution DPP-01

1. What is the number of ppm of NaCl in the solution 6. Find molarity of a sample of pure water. Consider
with 117g of NaCl dissolved in 500 mL of water? density = 1 g/ml.
(1) 1.89 × 105 (2) 2.78 × 105 (1) 27.7 (2) 33.3
(3) 55.5 (4) 11.1
(3) 9.12 × 105 (4) 6.54 × 105

7. A solution contains 50g of CaCO3 dissolved in 3

2. What is the concentration of mercury in ppm if 3g
liters of water. Find the molarity of the solution
mercury is found in 15kg sample of ocean water?
formed.
(1) 300 (2) 400 1 1
(3) 500 (4) 200 (1) (2)
2 3
1 1
3. A tank contains 5 moles of oxygen, 2 moles of (3) (4)
6 4
nitrogen and 20g of hydrogen at room temperature.
Find the mole fraction of hydrogen. 8. The concentration of CaCl2 solution is 0.5 mole L–1.
5 2 Find the moles of CaCl2 in 500 ml in the solution.
(1) (2)
17 15 (1) 0.25 (2) 0.45
(3) 0.3 (4) 0.5
8 10
(3) (4)
15 17
9. What is the molality of a solution containing 2 moles
of a solute dissolved in 500g of a solvent?
4. An aqueous solution of ethanol contains 23g of (1) 3 (2) 2
ethanol dissolved in 90g of water. Find mole fraction (3) 1 (4) 4
of ethanol in the solution.
3 3 10. An aqueous solution of glucose is prepared by
(1) (2)
4 5 dissolving 45 g of glucose in 1 liter of water. Find
2 1 molality of solution formed.
(3) (4) 1 3
7 11 (1) (2)
4 5
1 2
5. A liquid solution consists of three liquids A, B and C (3) (4)
3 3
with mole fractions of A = 0.3 and mole fraction of
B = 0.2. Find mole fraction of C.
11. A mixture of H2 and He contains 3 moles of H2 & 10
(1) 0.5 (2) 0.2 moles of He. Find molality of H2.
(3) 0.3 (4) 0.7 (1) 35 (2) 82
(3) 75 (4) 40
 2

Note: Kindly find the Video Solution of DPPs Questions in the DPPs Section.

Answer Key
1. (1) 7. (3)
2. (4) 8. (1)
3. (4) 9. (4)
4. (4) 10. (1)
5. (1) 11. (3)
6. (3)
 3

Hint and Solution

1. (1) 5. (1)
Sum of mole fractions of A, B and C = 1
mass of solute
ppm  106 ∴ χA + χ B + χ C = 1
mass of solution
⇒ 0.3 + 0.2 + χC = 1
Consider density of water = 1 g/ml 0.5 + χC = 1
∴ mass of water = density × volume ⇒ χC = 1 – 0.5
= 1 × 500 = 500g χC = 0.5
∴ mass of solution = 500 + 117 = 617g
6. (3)
117 Take 1 L sample of water
 ppm   106  1.89  105
617 ∴ Volume 1000 ml
Mass = density × volume
= 1 × 1000 = 1000 g
2. (4)
moles 1000/18
mass of solute  molarity = = = 55.5
ppm  106 volume(L) 1
mass of solution
3g 7. (3)
 106
[15kg  1000]g moles of solute
Molarity =
= 200 volume of solution (L)
Molar mass of CaCO3 = 100g
50 1
3. (4) Moles of solute = 
100 2
mass (gram) 20
  10 1
1
Moles of hydrogen = Molar mass 2 Molarity = 2 
3 6
n H2 10 10
χ H2   
n H 2 + n O2 + n N 2 10  5  2 17 8. (1)
moles
Molarity =
volume (L)
4. (4)
500 1
23 1 Volume of solution =  L
Moles of ethanol =  1000 2
46 2
moles
90  0.5 
Moles of water = 5 1
18 2
Moles = 0.5 × ½ = 0.25
moles of ethanol
χ ethanol  .
Total number of moles 9. (4)
1 1 moles of solute
1 Molality =
 2 2  mass of solvent (Kg)
1 11 11
5 2 2
2 2   4
500 1
1000 2
 4

10. (1) 11. (3)

Consider density of water = 1 g/ml Mass of H2 = 3 × 2 = 6g
So, mass of water = 1000 × 1 = 1000 g Mass of He = 10 × 4 = 40g
moles of glucose moles of H2
Molality =
mass of solvent in Kg Molality of H2 = Mass of He (in Kg)
45 3 3 100 0
 180  1 =   75
1000 4 40 40
1000 1000

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 1

PRAVESH 2.0 (2023)

Solution DPP-02

1. The factor that does not affect the solubility of solid 8. The value of Henry’s constant (KH) depends on
in water is (1) nature of the gas
(1) temperature
(2) nature of the solvent
(2) nature of bond
(3) complex formation (3) temperature and pressure
(4) pressure (4) all of these

2. According to the law ‘like dissolves like’

9. The factor which decreases the solubility of gas in
(1) salt is soluble in oil
liquid is
(2) I2 is soluble in water
(3) NaOH is soluble in crude oil (1) low temperature
(4) acid is soluble in water (2) interaction between molecules of gas & liquid
(3) high temperature
3. Benzene is soluble in
(1) Water (2) Naphthalene (4) high pressure
(3) Acid (4) Alcohol
10. At vapour pressure
4. When a solid solute is added to the solvent some
(1) (rate)evaporation = (rate)condensation
solute dissolves and its concentration increases in
solution. This process is called (2) (rate)evaporation > (rate)condensation
(1) Osmosis (3) (rate)evaporation < (rate)condensation
(2) Dissolution (4) None of the above
(3) Preferential osmosis
(4) Discharging
11. Vapour pressure is achieved in

5. Unit of Henry’s constant KH is same as that of (1) open container (2) closed container
(1) Volume (2) Temperature (3) both (1) & (2) (4) none of these
(3) Energy (4) Pressure
12. Maximum value of partial pressure at a particular
6. If partial pressure of Gas A = 0.4 bar, Gas B = 0.2 temperature is called
bar and Gas C = 0.5 bar, then the gas having
(1) Osmotic pressure
maximum solubility (neglecting other factors) is
(1) A (2) B (2) -pressure
(3) C (4) All are equal soluble (3) atmospheric pressure
(4) vapour pressure
7. Which law states that the amount of gas that is
soluble in a liquid is directly proportional to the
partial pressure of that gas above the liquid when the 13. A solution which is ideal in nature follows.
temperature is kept constant? (1) Graham’s Law (2) Ostwald Law
(1) Raoult’s Law (2) Henry’s Law (3) Fleming’s Law (4) Raoult’s Law
(3) Coloumb’s Law (4) Dalton’s Law
 2

14. The correct relationship of vapour pressure and 16. Which of the following is not a characteristic of
temperature is given by ideal solution?
(1) Vmix = 0 (2) Smix = +ve
(3) Hmix = 0 (4) Gmix = +ve

(1) (2) 17. Which of the following is the correct mathematical

expression for ideal solution of A and B?
(1) P  PAo XA  PBo XB
(2) P  PAo XA  PBo XB

(3) (4) (3) P  PAo XA  PBo XB

(4) None

18. Which of the following is not a characteristic of non-

ideal solution with positive deviation?
15. If P°  vapour pressure of solvent and
(1) Vmix > 0 (2) Hmix > 0
P  vapour pressure of solution then (3) Smix < 0 (4) Gmix < 0
(assume the solute used is non-volatile)
19. Which of the following is a characteristic of non-
(1) P° > P (2) P° < P ideal solution with negative deviation?
(3) P° = P (4) none of these (1) Vmix < 0 (2) Hmix > 0
(3) Smix < 0 (4) Gmix > 0
 3

Answer Key
1. (4) 11. (2)
2. (4) 12. (4)
3. (2) 13. (4)
4. (2) 14. (1)
5. (4) 15. (1)
6. (3) 16. (4)
7. (2) 17. (1)
8. (4) 18. (3)
9. (3) 19. (1)
10. (1)
 4

Hint and Solution

1. (4) 10. (1)
Pressure affects the solubility of gas in water. At vapour pressure, physical equilibrium between
liquid and gaseous forms is established. So rate of
evaporation = rate of condensation.
2. (4)
Acid and water have same nature of bonds, 11. (2)
Vapour pressure is achieved only when physical
∴ acid is soluble in water. equilibrium is established. So it is achieved in closed
container only.

3. (2)
12. (4)
According to ‘like dissolves like’ law, benzene
dissolves in naphthalene as both are non-polar. At a particular temperature
H2O(l) ⇌ H2O(g)
KP  PH2O
5. (4)
∴ Maximum value of partial pressure is called
∵ P = KH . X vapour pressure achieved at equilibrium.
And X (mole fraction) is unit less so P = KH and thus
both have same unit.
13. (4)
Ideal solutions are those which follow Raoult’s Law.
6. (3)
∵ Solubility of gas α-partial pressure of gas. 14. (1)
∴ Gas C is maximum soluble by Henry’s Law. The vapour pressure rises with temperature
exponentially.

8. (4) 15. (1)

KH depends on nature of the gas and solvent and the Vapour pressure of solution is always lower than
intensity of pressure and temperature. vapour pressure of solvent.
.
9. (3) 16. (4)
With high temperature, the kinetic energy of gas ΔG = –ve for ideal as well as non-ideal solution
molecules increases and their escaping tendency always.
increases. So solubility of gas in liquid decreases
with increases in temperature.
 5

17. (1) 18. (3)

For an ideal solution of A and B. For an ideal solution or a non-ideal solution entropy
always increases i.e. ΔSmix > 0.
Total vapour pressure = partial pressure of A+
Partial pressure of B. 19. (1)
 P  P XA  P XB
o o For a non-ideal solution with negative deviation,
A B
solute-solvent interaction is greater than solute-
solute and solvent-solvent interaction.

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 1

PRAVESH 2.0 (2023)

Solution DPP-03

1. Find elevation in boiling point of a solution obtained 7. The solution having lesser value of osmotic pressure
by dissolving 90 g of glucose in 200 g of water. is called
(Kb of H2O = 0.52 K kg/mole) (1) Hypotonic solution
(1) 2.6 K (2) 5.3 K (2) Hypertonic solution
(3) 1.3 K (4) 4.2 K (3) Isotonic solution
(4) Osmotic solution
2. 30 g of a non-volatile solute is dissolved in 360 g of
water at 100°C. If vapour pressure of solution is 570 8. The osmotic pressure of a solution is 2 atm at 273 K
mm of Hg, find molar mass of solute then at 546 K, the osmotic pressure is
(1) 5.5 g (2) 4.5 g (1) 0.5 atm (2) 1 atm
(3) 6.5 g (4) 7.5 g (3) 2 atm (4) 4 atm

3. Find the molality of an aqueous solution of urea 9. Osmotic pressure is 0.0821 atm at temperature of
which has a boiling point of 102.08°C. 300 K. Find concentration in mole/litre.
(Take Kb = 0.52 K kg mol–1) (1) 0.33 (2) 0.066
–3
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3.3 × 10 (4) 3
(3) 3 (4) 4
10. Elevation in boiling point of an aqueous solution of
glucose is 2K. Find the depression in freezing point
4. The boiling point of 0.1 molal aqueous solution of of the same solution. (Kf = 1.86 K kg/mole and Kb =
urea is 100.18°C at 1 atm. The molal elevation 0.52 K kg/mole)
constant of water is (1) 2.16 K (2) 7.14 K
(1) 0.2 K kg mol–1 (2) 0.8 K kg mol–1 (3) 3.38 K (4) 6.28 K
–1
(3) 1.2 K kg mol (4) 1.8 K kg mol–1
11. Find the osmotic pressure of 12% solution of cane
5. A centimolal non aqueous solution of a non- sugar (mol. wt. 342) at 27°C (d = 1 g/ml)
electrolyte has elevation in boiling point of 0.6°C. (1) 9.2 atm (2) 5.62 atm
Find elevation in boiling point of the same solution (3) 7.32 atm (4) 8.64 atm
if molality is 0.4 mole/kg.
(1) 12°C (2) 24°C 12. The osmotic pressure of a M/5 solution of glucose at
(3) 6°C (4) 36°C 47°C is
(1) 1.25 atm (2) 2.25 atm
6. The process of separating solvent from its solution (3) 5.25 atm (4) 7.25 atm
by applying pressure greater than osmotic pressure is
called 13. Elevation in boiling point for equimolal solutions of
(1) fractional distillation NaCl, Al2(SO4)3, BaCl2 and MgSO4 is highest for
(2) condensation (assume  = 1)
(3) distillation (1) NaCl (2) Na2SO4
(4) reverse osmosis
(3) Al2(SO4)3 (4) MgSO4
 2

14. The relationship between osmotic pressure of 17. Correct expression for degree of dissociation ‘’ of
equimolar solutions of KCl, Ca(NO3)2 and Na2SO4 is electrolyte AxBy is given by
( = 1) i 1 i 1
Na2SO4  Ca2 (NO3 )2  KCl (1)  (2) 
(1) x  y 1 1  y  1
(2) KCl  Ca(NO3 )2  Na2SO4
1 i

1  y  1
(3) Ca(NO3 )2  KCl  Na2SO4 (3)  (4)
1 x  y i 1
(4) Ca(NO3 )2  KCl  Na2SO4
18. Elevation in boiling point for 2 molal solution of
15. Which of the following pairs of solutions are glucose is 2K. The depression in the freezing point
expected to be isotonic at same temperature? for molal solution of glucose is 2K. The relation
(1) 0.1 M urea and 0.1 M NaCl between Kb and Kf is
(2) 0.1 M urea and 0.2 M MgCl2 (1) Kb = 2Kf (2) Kf = 2Kb
(3) 0.1 M NaCl and 0.1 M Na2SO4
(4) 0.1 M Ca(NO3)2 and 0.1 M Na2SO4 (3) Kb = Kf (4) None of these

16. K2[PtCl4] is 30% ionized in aqueous solution. The 19. The process used for desalination of sea water is
value of its Vant Hoff factor is (1) Osmosis (2) Centrifugation
(1) 1.2 (2) 1.4 (3) Reverse osmosis (4) Distillation
(3) 1.6 (4) 1.8
 3

Note: Kindly find the Video Solution of DPPs Questions in the DPPs Section.

Answer Key
1. (3) 11. (4)
2. (2) 12. (3)
3. (4) 13. (3)
4. (4) 14. (2)
5. (2) 15. (4)
6. (4) 16. (3)
7. (1) 17. (1, 3)
8. (4) 18. (2)
9. (3) 19. (3)
10. (2)
 4

Hint and Solution

1. (3) 5. (2)
ΔTb = Kb . m From 1st condition
ΔTb = Kb. m
90
m 180  2.5  1 
200 0.6  K b  
1000  100 
ΔTb = 0.52 × 2.5 = 1.3 K Kb = 0.6 × 100 = 60
∴ ΔTb = Kb m
2. (2) = 60 (0.4)
= 24°C
PAo  PA n B

PA nA
6. (4)
At 100°C, V.P. of water = atmospheric The process of separating solvent from its solution
Pressure = 760 mm of Hg by applying pressure greater than osmotic pressure is
o called reverse osmosis.
∴ PA = 760 mm of Hg
30 7. (1)
760  570 M
  Solution having lesser value of osmotic pressure is
570 360
18 called hypotonic solution.
30
190
 M 8. (4)
570 20
∵ π = CRT
1 3 ∴παT

3 2M
2 273
3 3 Thus 
M  4.5 g mol1  546
2
∴ π = 4 atm

3. (4) 9. (3)
ΔTb = Kb m π = CRT
102.08 – 100 = 0.52 m 0.0821 = C × 0.0821 × 300
2.08 1
m 4 C  3.3  10–3 mol / L
0.52 300

4. (4) 10. (2)

ΔTb = Kb m ΔTb = kb . m
100.18 – 100 = Kb (0.1) 2 = 0.52 (m)
0.18 = Kb (0.1) 2
0.18 m = 0.52 = 3.84 mole/kg
Kb   1.8 K kg mol1 ∴ ΔTf = kf . m
0.1
= 1.86 (3.84) = 7.14 K
 5

11. (4) 15. (4)

π = CRT For Ca(NO3)2 i = 1 + 2 = 3
10 1 mass% For Na2SO4 i = 2 + 1 = 3
C  molarity  Ca(NO3 )2  iCRT
mol.wt. of solute
10 12 = 3 × 0.1 RT
 = 0.3 RT
342 Na 2SO4 = 3 × 0.1 RT = 0.3 RT
10 12
  0.0821  300  8.64 atm
342
16. (3)
2
12. (3) K2PtCl4 → 2K+ + PtCl4
π = CRT i = 1 + (3 – 1)α
M 1 = 1 + 2(0.3) = 1.6
C C 
5 5
T = 47°C = 320 K, R = 0.0821 atm L mole–1 K–1 17. (A and C)
1 AxBy → xAy+ + yBx–
 

∴ π = 5 × 0.0821 × 320 = 5.25 atm A x By  xA y  yBx

1 0 0
13. (3) 1  x y
ΔTb = iKb . m i = 1 – α + (x + y)α
∴ ΔTb α i
For NaCl i = 1 + (2 – 1)α = 1 + α = 2 i 1
 
For BaCl2 i = 1 + (3 – 1)1 = 3 x  y 1
For MgSO4 i = 1 + (2 – 1)1 = 2
For Al2(SO4)3 i = 1 + (5 – 1)1 = 5 18. (2)
ΔTb = Kb . m
14. (2) 2 = Kb . 2 ⇒ Kb = 1 K kg/mole
π = iCRT ∴ παi ΔTf = Kf m
i=1+1=2 2 = Kf (1) ⇒ Kf = 2
For Na2SO4
i=2+1=3 19. (3)
For Ca(NO3)2 Reverse osmosis.
i = 1 + 2 =3
KCl  Ca(NO3 )2  Na2SO4

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Physical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
 1

PRAVESH 2.0 (2023)

Electrochemistry DPP-01

1. Galvanic or voltaic cell is a device used to convert 6. Calculate Eo for a given cell
chemical energy produced in ________ reaction into Zn(s) | ZnSO4(aq) || CuSO4(aq) | Cu(s)
__________ energy. Given that,
(1) Chemical, chemical (2) Electrical, chemical E oZn / Zn +2 = 0.76 V
(3) Redox, electrical (4) Redox, redox
E oCu /Cu +2 = −0.34 V
2. In Daniell cell (1) –1.1 V (2) 0.0 V
(1) Zn rod as anode and Cu rod as cathode (3) 1.1 V (4) 0.42 V
(2) Zn rod as cathode and Cu rod as anode
(3) Zn rod is represented by (+ve) electrode 7. Standard electrode potentials for Sn+4/Sn+2 couple is
(4) Cu rod is represented by (–ve) electrode +0.15 V and that for the Cr+3/Cr couple is –0.74 V.
These two couples in their standard state are
3. The potential difference between the two electrodes connected to make a cell. The cell potential will be
of a galvanic cell is called (1) 0.89 V (2) +0.18 V
(1) Electrode potential (2) Zeta potential (3) 1.83 V (4) +1.19 V
(3) Cell potential (4) Junction potential
8. The cell reaction of a cell is:
4. In Galvanic cell, conventional, Mg(s) + Cu2+ (aq.) ⇌ Cu(s) + Mg2+ (aq.)
(1) Anode is on the left hand side and is (+ve) If the standard reduction potentials of Mg and Cu are
electrode
–2.37 V and +0.34 V respectively. The standard
(2) Cathode is on the left hand side and is (–ve) EMF of the cell is
electrode
(1) 2.03 V (2) –2.03 V
(3) Cathode is on the left hand side and is (+ve) (3) + 2.71 V (4) –2.71 V
electrode
(4) Anode is on the left hand side and is (–ve) 9. When the salt bridge is removed, the voltage.
electrode, cathode is on right hand side and is (1) Does not change
+ve electrode
(2) Increase to maximum
(3) Decrease to half the value
5. Which of following statements is/are correct for a
(4) Drops to zero
galvanic cell?
I. Reduction at cathode and oxidation at anode. 10. In a galvanic cell, which of following statement(s)
II. Reduction at anode and oxidation at cathode. is/are correct regarding salt bridge.
III. Electrons flow from anode to cathode (1) To complete the electrical circuit.
IV. Electrons flow from cathode to anode (2) To maintain the electrical neutrality of both
(1) I, IV (2) II, III anodic and cathodic compartment.
(3) II, IV (4) I, III (3) For smooth flow of current
(4) All are correct
 2

Note: Kindly find the Video Solution of DPPs Questions in the DPPs Section.

Answer Key
1. (3)
2. (1)
3. (3)
4. (4)
5. (4)
6. (3)
7. (1)
8. (3)
9. (4)
10. (4)
 3

Hints and Solutions

1. (3) 6. (3)
Theory based E ocell = (SRP)cathode – (SRP)anode
. = (0.34) – (–0.76)
2. (1)
=1.1 V
In Daniell cell Zn rod is act as anode and
represented by (–ve) terminal. Whereas Cu rod acts
7. (1)
as cathode and represented by (+ve) terminal.
E ocell = E cathode
o o
– E anode
3. (3) = 0.15 – (–74)
Cell Potential: The cell potential (Ecell) is the = 0.15 + 74 = 0.89 V
measure of the potential difference between two half
cells when connected in electrochemical cell. 8. (3)
E cell E cathode − E anode
=
4. (4) = (0.34) – (–2.37)
In galvanic cell, anode is on left hand side and is (– = 0.34 + 2.37
ve) electrode and cathode is on right hand side and is = +2.71
(+ve) electrode.
9. (4)
5. (4) No current will flow and the voltage drops to zero.
In galvanic cell electrons flow from anode
(oxidation) and gains of electrons in cathode 10. (4)
(reduction). Theory based

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 1

PRAVESH 2.0 (2023)

Electrochemistry DPP-02

1. Assuming that hydrogen behaves as an ideal gas, 7. Determine the equilibrium constant of the following
what is the EMF of the cell at 25°C if P1 = 600 mm reaction at 298 K:
and P2 = 420 mm: 2Fe3+ + Sn2+ → 2Fe2+ + Sn4+
Pt|H2(P1)|HCl||H2(P2)| Pt? (Given: 𝐸𝐸°𝑠𝑠𝑛𝑛4+/𝑆𝑆𝑛𝑛2+ = 0.15 volt, 𝐸𝐸°𝐹𝐹𝑒𝑒 3+/ 𝐹𝐹𝑒𝑒 2+ =
[Given: 2.303 RT/F = 0.06, log 7 = 0.85] 0.771 volt)
(1) –0.0045 V (2) –0.0 V (1) 1.0 × 1010 (2) 1.0 × 1021
(3) +0.0045 V (4) +0.0015 V (3) 2.0 × 10 21
(4) 2.0 × 1011

2. The standard EMF for the cell reaction: Zn(s) + Cu2+ 8. The equilibrium constant for the following general
(aq) → Zn2+ (aq) + Cu(s) is 1.10 volts at 25°C. The reaction is 1030. Calculate E° for the cell at 298K.
EMF of the cell reaction when 0.1 M Cu2+ and 0.1 M 2X2(s) + 3Y2+ (aq) ⇌ 2X23+ (aq) + 3Y (s)
Zn2+ solutions are used at 25°C is (1) +0.105 V (2) +0.2955 V
(1) 1.10 V (2) 1.041 V (3) 0.0985 V (4) –0.2955 V
(3) –1.10 V (4) –1.041 V
9. The potential of the cell containing two hydrogen
3. Electrode potential of the half-cell electrodes as represented below
Pt(s)|Hg(l)|Hg2Cl2(s)|Cl– (aq) can be increased by: 1 1
(1) Increasing [Cl–] Pt ; H2(g) | H+ (10–8 M) | | H+ (0.001 M) | H2(g) ; Pt,
2 2
(2) Decreasing [Cl–] is
(3) Increasing Hg2Cl2(s) (1) 0.296 V (2) –0.295 V
(4) Decreasing Hg (l) (3) 0.13 V (4) –0.13 V
4. A solution containing H+ and D+ ions is in 10. The standard EMF of a galvanic cell involving two
equilibrium with a mixture of H2 and D2 gases at moles of electrons in its redox reaction is 0.59 V.
25°C. If the partial pressures of both gases are 1.0 The equilibrium constant for a redox reaction of the
atm, find the ratio of [D+ ]/ [H+]: cell is
(Given: 𝐸𝐸𝐷𝐷° +/𝐷𝐷2 = –0.003 V) (1) 1020 (2) 105
(1) 1.23 (2) 1.12 (3) 10 (4) 1010
(3) 0.11 (4) 1.0
11. If the E°cell for a given reaction has a negative value,
5. The measured voltage for the reaction with the then which of the following gives the correct
indicated concentration is 1.50 V. Calculate E°. relationships for the values of ∆G° and Keq?
Cr(s) + 3Ag+(aq, 0.10M) → 3Ag(s) + Cr3+(aq, (1) ∆G° > 0; Keq > 1 (2) ∆G° < 0; Keq > 1
0.30M) (3) ∆G° < 0; Keq < 1 (4) ∆G° > 0; Keq < 1
(1) 1.35 (2) 1.40
(3) 1.65 (4) 1.55 12. Given:
(i) Cu2+ + 2e– → Cu; E° = 0.337 V
6. The EMF of the cell: Zn | Zn2+ (0.01 M) || Fe2+ (ii) Cu2+ + e– → Cu+; E° = 0.153 V
(0.001 M) | Fe at 298 K is 0.2905 V, then the value Standard electrode potential (E°) for the reaction,
of equilibrium constant for the cell reaction is Cu+ + e– → Cu, will be:
0.32 0.32 (1) 0.52 V (2) 0.90 V
(1) e 0.0295
(2) 10 0.0295
(3) 0.30 V (4) 0.38 V
0.26 0.32
(3) 10 0.0295
(4) 10 0.0591
 2

Note: Kindly find the Video Solution of DPPs Questions in the DPPs Section.

Answer Key
1. (3)
2. (1)
3. (1)
4. (2)
5. (4)
6. (2)
7. (2)
8. (2)
9. (1)
10. (1)
11. (4)
12. (1)
 3

Hints and Solutions

1. (3) 7. (2)
Net cell reaction = H2 (P1) ⇌ H2 (P2) 0.0591
0.06 420 Apply Ecell = log K
Ecell = – log = +0.0045 𝑉𝑉 2
2 600
2Fe+3 + Sn+2 → 2Fe+2 + Sn+4
2. (1) Sn+2 → Sn+4 + 2e–, E° = 0.15 V
0.059 2Fe+3 + 2e– → 2Fe+2, E° = 0.771
E = E° − log k where E0 = 1.10 V
n E°cell = 0.771 V – (+0.15 V)
Zn + Cu+2 (0.1 M) → Zn+2 [0.1 M] + Cu = (0.771 – 0.15) V
Thus n = 2. So, for this reaction, = 0.621 V
0.059 0.1 E°cell =
0.0591
log K.
E = E° − log = E° = 1.10 V 2
2 0.1 0.621×2
logK =
3. (1) 0.0591
= 21
o 0.059
E=
cell E cell − log(Q) K = 1021
n
[Products]b 8. (2)
Where, Q= where a and b
[Reactants]a 6×𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹°
𝑘𝑘 = 102.303𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅
are stoichiometric co-efficient. 6×𝐸𝐸°
log 1030 = ⇒ 𝐸𝐸° = 0.2955 𝑉𝑉
1 0.0591
Here, Q = 2
Cl−  9. (1)
 
On substituting the value of Q in the equation and At anode:
we can see that if we increasing the value of [Cl–]
1
electrode potential increases. H ⟶ H+ (10−8 M) + 𝑒𝑒 − ;
2 2
4. (2) (𝑛𝑛 = 1, since electron change = 1)
0.0591
E ocell = log K eq Cell reaction : H + (0.001M) ⟶ H + (10−8 M)
2
1
At Cathode : H + (0.001M) + 𝑒𝑒 − ⟶ H2 ( g)
0.0591 [D + ]2 2
0.003 = log + 2 Applying Nernst equation, we have :
2 [H ]
[D + ] 0.0591 [Products]
Thus
= = 1.122 𝐸𝐸 = 𝐸𝐸 ∘ − log
[H + ] 𝑛𝑛 [Reactants]
0.0591 10−8
5. (4) =0− log
0.0591 0.3 1 0.001 or 10−3
1.50 = 𝐸𝐸° – log �(0.1)3 � −8+3
3 = −0.0591log 10
∴ 𝐸𝐸° = 1.55 𝐸𝐸 = −0.0591 log10–5
6. (2) 𝐸𝐸 = 0.296 V
Cell reaction : Zn + Fe2+ ⇌ Zn2+ + Fe 10. (1)
0.059 �𝑍𝑍𝑛𝑛2+ �
Ecell = E° cell – . log [𝐹𝐹𝑒𝑒 2+ ] Galvanic cell is represented as:
2

Or, 0.2905 =
0.059
. log Keq Zn ( s ) + Cu 2+ ( aq ) 
 Zn 2+ ( aq ) + Cu ( s )
2
0.059 0.01  Zn  2
 Zn 2+ + 2e − ; n =
=– . log  
2 0.001
0.32
� �
∴ Keq = 10 0.0295
 4

At equilibrium, 𝐸𝐸cell = 0. But equilibrium constant 12. (1)

𝐾𝐾𝐶𝐶 is found from the relation: Cu2+ + 2e– → Cu; E°1 = 0.337 V
0.059 ∴ ∆G°1 = –nFE° = –2 × F × 0.337
∘
Ecell = log 𝐾𝐾𝐶𝐶 = –0.674 × F
𝑛𝑛
0.059 Cu2+ + e– → Cu+ ; E°2 = 0.153 V
0.59 = log 𝐾𝐾𝐶𝐶
2 ∴∆G°2 = –1 × F × 0.153 = – 0.153 × F
2 × 0.59 Cu+ + e– → Cu ; E°3 = ?
log 𝐾𝐾𝐶𝐶 = = 20;
0.059 ∵ ∆G° = – nFE°
𝐾𝐾𝐶𝐶 = antilog 20 = 1020 . ∴ ∆G° = ∆G°1 – ∆G°2
–nF E° = – 0.674 × F – (–0.153) × F
11. (4) = 0.521 × F (n = 1)
∆G° = –nFE°cell E° = 0.521 V
If E°cell = –ve then ∆G° = +ve i.e.; ∆G°>0
∆G° = –nRT log Keq
For ∆G° = +ve, Keq = –ve i.e., Keq<1

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 1

PRAVESH 2.0 (2023)

Electrochemistry DPP-03

1. Galvanization is applying a coating of 8. A conductivity cell has two platinum electrodes of

(1) Cr (2) Cu 1.2 cm2 area separated by a distance of 0.8 cm. Cell
(3) Zn (4) Pb constant is
(1) 0.76 cm–1 (2) 1.5 cm–1
2. Cell constant has the unit
(3) 0.96 cm–1 (4) 0.66 cm–1
(1) cm (2) cm–1
(3) cm2 (4) cm sec–1
9. Specific conductance of 0.1 M nitric acid is 6.3 ×
3. Correct expression for conductance of an electrolyte 10–2 ohm–1 cm–1. The molar conductance of solution
whose cell constant is ‘a’ resistivity ‘X’ is: (1) 630 ohm–1 cm2 mole–1
2 1 (2) 315 ohm–1 cm2 mole–1
(1) (2)
Xa X (3) 100 ohm–1 cm2 mole–1
a 1 (4) 6300 ohm–1 cm2 mole–1
(3) (4)
X X.a
10. If x is specific resistance of the electrolyte solution
4. The resistance of 0.05 N solution of an electrolyte and y is the molarity of the solution, then ⋀m is
was found to be 420 ohm at 298 K. Its conductance given by.
is: 1000x y
(1) 2.4 × 10–3 ohm–1 (2) 8.4 × 10–3 ohm–1 (1) (2) 1000
y x
(3) 5.6 × 10–4 ohm–1 (4) 7.2 × 10–3 ohm–1
1000 xy
(3) (4)
5. A solution of concentration C gram equiv./Litre has xy 1000
a specific resistance R. The equivalent conductivity
of the solution is
11. For an electrolytic solution of 0.05 mol L–1, the
1000 C conductivity has been found to be 0.0110 S cm–1.
(1) (2)
RC R The molar conductivity is
R 1000R (1) 0.055 S cm2 mol–1
(3) (4)
C C (2) 550 S cm2 mol–1
(3) 0.22 S cm2 mol–1
6. Cell constant of an electrolytic solution is 0.5 cm–1
(4) 220 S cm2 mol–1
and resistivity 54 ohm-cm. Find conductance of the
electrolytic solution.
1 1 12. The Kohlrausch’s law is related to
(1) (2) (1) Conductance of ions at infinite dilution.
36 56
(2) Independent migration of ions.
1 1
(3) (4) (3) Both (1) & (2)
97 27 (4) Neither (1) & (2)
7. The specific conductance of a solution is 0.3568
13. Kohlrausch’s law is used for calculation of
ohm–1 cm–1. When placed in a cell the conductance
(1) Degree of dissociation.
is 0.0268 ohm–1. The cell constant is
(2) Solubility of sparingly soluble salt.
(1) 1.331 cm–1 (2) 13.31 cm–1
–1 (3) Dissociation constant for weak electrolytes.
(3) 0.665 cm (4) 6.65 cm–1
(4) All
 2

14. The ⋀∞ of NH4Cl, NaOH and NaCl are 129.8, 217.4 18. The value of Λ ∞
m for KCl and KNO3 are 149.86 and
and 108.9 ohm–1 cm2 eq–1 respectively. The ⋀∞ of 154.96 Ω cm mol–1.
–1 2
NH4OH is (S cm2 eq–1)
Also Λ ∞ − is 71.44 ohm–1 cm2 mol–1.
(1) 238.3 (2) 218 Cl
(3) 240 (4) 260 The value of Λ ∞ is
NO3−

15. The molar conductivity at infinite dilution of (1) 76.54 ohm cm2 mol–1
–1

AgNO3, NaCl and NaNO3 are 116.5, 110.3 and (2) 133.08 ohm–1 cm2 mol–1
105.2 S cm2 mol–1 respectively. The molar (3) 37.7 ohm–1 cm2 mol–1
conductivity of AgCl is (S cm2 mol–1) (4) Unpredictable
(1) 121.6 (2) 111.4
(3) 130.6 (4) 150.2 19. If Λ ∞
m (H 2SO 4 ) x S cm 2 mol−1
=

16. The molar conductivities ⋀NaOAc and ⋀HCl at infinite y S cm 2 mol−1

Λ ∞m (K 2SO4 ) =
dilution in water at 25°C are 91.0 and 426.2 S cm2 Λ∞ z S cm 2 mol−1
=
m (CH3COOK)
mol–1 respectively. To calculate ⋀HOAc, the
additional value required is Λ∞ 2 –1
m in S cm mol for CH3COOH will be
(1) Λ H 2O (2) ⋀KCl x−y
(1) +z (2) x – y + 2z
(3) ⋀NaOH (4) ⋀NaCl 2
(3) x + y + z (4) x – y + z
17. The ionic conductivity of H+ and OH– at 298 K are
349.8 and 198.5 S cm2 eq–1 respectively. The
equivalent conductivity of H2O at infinite.
(1) 548.3 (2) 151.3
(3) 699.6 (4) 54.83
 3

Note: Kindly find the Video Solution of DPPs Questions in the DPPs Section.

Answer Key
1. (3)
2. (2)
3. (4)
4. (1)
5. (1)
6. (4)
7. (2)
8. (4)
9. (1)
10. (3)
11. (4)
12. (3)
13. (4)
14. (1)
15. (1)
16. (4)
17. (1)
18. (1)
19. (1)
 4

Hints and Solutions

1. (3) 10. (3)
The process of coating the iron surface by zinc is 1
called galvanization. K=
x
2. (2) 1000 1 1000 1000
Λ= K = × =
l cm M x y xy
Cell constant
= = = cm −1
A cm 2
3. (4) 11. (4)
R = X ⋅ a = resistivity × cell constant K × 1000
λm =
M
1 1 0.0110 × 1000
∴ Conductance = = λm =
R X⋅a 0.05 = 220 S cm2 mol–1
4. (1)
12. (3)
1 1
Conducatnce
= = Theory based
Resistance 420 = 2.38 × 10–3
13. (4)
5. (1) Kohlrausch’s law is used for calculation of degree
1000 of dissociation, solubility of sparingly soluble salt
Λ eq = K × and dissociation constant for weak electrolytes.
C
1
K= 14. (1)
R
1000 Λ ∞NH 4OH = Λ ∞NH 4Cl + Λ ∞NaOH − Λ ∞NaCl
∴Λ eq = = 129.8 + 217.4 – 108.9 = 238.3
RC

6. (4) 15. (1)

length Λ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞
(AgCl) = Λ AgNO3 + Λ NaCl − Λ NaNO3
=R (resistivity) ×
area = 116.5 + 110.3 – 105.2
= (resistivity) × cell constant = 121.6 S cm2 mol–1
= 54 × 0.5 = 27 ohm
1 1 16. (4)
Conducatnce = =
R 27 By Kohlrausch’s law.
7. (2) Λ CH3COOH = Λ CH3COONa + Λ HCl − Λ NaCl
K = 0.3568Ω cm–1
= 91 + 426.2 – ⋀NaCl
Conductance = 0.0268 Ω–1
 17. (1)
K=G× A
Λ∞ ∞ ∞
H 2O = Λ H + + Λ OH −
0.3568 = 0.0268 × 1/9
13.31 cm–1 = 349.8 + 198.5
= 548.3
8. (4)
 0.8 18. (1)
Cell constant= = = 0.66 cm −1
a 1.2 λ∞ − λ∞ + λ∞
From Cl calculate K and then NO3− by
9. (1) λ∞ ∞ ∞
KNO3 =λ + + λ
K NO3−
−2 using
1000 × K 1000 × 6.3 × 10
=
Λm =
molarity 0.1
= 630 ohm cm mole
–1 2 –1
 5

19. (1)
1
Λ∞
m (CH3COOH) =Λ∞
m (CH3COOK) + Λ∞
m(H 2SO 4 )
2
1
− Λ∞ m(K 2SO 4 )
2
x y = z+ x−y
=z + −  
2 2  2 

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Physical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
 1

PRAVESH 2.0 (2023)

Chemical Kinetics DPP-01

1. The rate of a chemical reaction 5. For the reaction: H2(g) + I2(g)  2HI(g), the rate of
(1) increases as the reaction proceeds disappearance of H2, is 1.0 × 10–4 mol L–1 s–1. The
rate of appearance of HI will be
(2) decreases as the reaction proceeds
(1) 1.0 × 10–4 mol L–1 s–1
(3) may increase or decrease during the reaction (2) 0.50 × 10–4 mol L–1 s–1
(4) remains constant as the reaction proceeds (3) 2.0 × 10–4 mol L–1 s–1
(4) 4.0 × 10–4 mol L–1 s–1
2. For the reaction, N2 + 3H2  2NH3, rate is
6. In a reaction, the concentration of a reactant changes
expressed as
from 0.2 mole L–1 to 0.15 mol L–1 in 10 min. Avg.
d[N2 ] d[H2 ] d[NH3 ]
(1)  3 rate of reaction
3dt 2dt dt (1) 0.05 (2) 0.0005
d[N 2 ] 1 d[H 2 ] 1 d[NH3 ] (3) 0.5 (4) 0.005
(2)   
dt 3 dt 2 dt
d[N 2 ] 3d[H 2 ] 2d[NH3 ] 7. For the reaction, 2NO  N2 + O2, the expression
(3)   
dt dt dt 1 d[NO]
 represents
d[N2 ] d[H 2 ] d[NH3 ] 2 dt
(4)    (1) The rate of formation of NO.
dt dt dt
(2) The average rate of the reaction.
(3) The instantaneous rate of reaction.
dx
3. The term  in the rate expression refers to the (4) All of these
dt
(1) instantaneous rate of reaction dx
8. Rate expression of a chemical change is  =
(2) average rate of reaction dt
k[A]2[B][C]0. The order of reaction is
(3) increase in the concentration of reactants
(1) 3 (2) 2
(4) concentration of reactants
(3) 1 (4) zero

d[B] 9. The rate of the gaseous reaction:

4. For the reaction, 3A  2B, rate of reaction A(g) + B(g)  Product is given by expression
dt
is equal to dx
  k[A][B]
dt
3 d[A] 2 d[A]
(1)  (2)  If the volume of the reaction vessel is suddenly
2 dt 3 dt
reduced to one fourth of the initial volume, the ratio
1 d[A] d[A]
(3)  (4) 2 of final rate to initial rate is
3 dt dt (1) 4 : 1 (2) 2 : 1
(3) 16 : 1 (4) 1 : 2
 2

10. Which statement about molecularity of reaction is 11. Select the rate law that corresponds to the data
not correct? shown for the following reaction: A + B  C
(1) It can be obtained from reaction mechanism. Expt. No. [A]0 [B]0 Initial
(2) It may be either whole number or fractional. rate
(3) It depends on elementary step of reaction. 1. 0.012 0.035 0.10
(4) It is the number of molecules of reactants 2. 0.024 0.070 0.80
taking part in a single step reaction. 3. 0.024 0.035 0.10
4. 0.012 0.070 0.80
(1) rate = k[B]3 (2) rate = k[B]4
(3) rate = k[A][B]3 (4) rate = k[A]2[B]2
 3

Note: Kindly find the Video Solution of DPPs Questions in the DPPs Section.

Answer Key
1. (2, 4) 7. (3)
2. (2) 8. (1)
3. (1) 9. (3)
4. (2) 10. (2)
5. (3) 11. (1)
6. (4)
 4

Hint and Solution

1. (B, D) 8. (1)
As time passed reactant decreases so, rate decreases. Order = Sum of power = 2 + 1 + 0 = 3

2. (2) 9. (3)
1 d[N2 ] 1 d[H 2 ] 1 d[NH3 ] Initial rate = K[A][B]
  
1 dt 3 dt 2 dt Final rate = K[4A][4B]
= 16 K[A][B]
3. (1) Final rate 16
Instantaneous rate of reaction.   16 :1
Initial rate 1
4. (2)
10. (2)
1 d[A] 1 d[B]
  Molecularity can never be fractional.
3 dt 2 dt
11. (1)
5. (3)
r  k[A]0x [B]0y
1 d[H2 ] 1 d[HI]
  x y
1 dt 2 dt 0.10 K [0.012] [0.035] .........(I)

0.80 K [0.012]x [0.070]y ........(II)
6. (4) y
A = [0.15 – 0.2] 1 1
 y3
= –0.05 8  2 
[A] x
0.10 K [0.012] [0.035]
y
Avg. rate = Also, 
t 0.10 K [0.024]x [0.035]y
(0.05)
 x
10 1
1    x  0
= 0.005 2

7. (3)
Instantaneous rate.

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 1

PRAVESH 2.0 (2023)

Chemical Kinetics DPP-02

1. For the reaction A  B, the rate of reaction is 7. Which of the following curves represents a first
quadrupled when the concentration of A is doubled; order reaction?
the rate of the reaction is r = k[A]n; the value of n is
(1) 1 (2) zero
(3) 3 (4) 2 (1) (2)

2. For a chemical reaction, A  E, it is found that rate

of reaction is doubled when the concentration of A is
increased four times. The order of the reaction is
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) (4)
(3) 1/2 (4) zero

3. The one which is unimolecular reaction is

(1) 2HI  H2 + I2 8. Calculate the order of the reaction in A and B.
1 [A] (mol L–1)
(2) N2O5  N2O4 + O2 0.05 0.10 0.05
2 [B] (mol L )–1
0.01 0.05 0.10
(3) H2 + Cl2  2HCl –1 –1
Rate (mol L s ) 1.2×10 –3
2.4×10 –3
1.2×10–3
(4) PCl3 + Cl2  PCl5 (1) 1 and 0 (2) 1 and 1
(3) 0 and 1 (4) None of these
4. The units of rate constant and rate of a reaction are
identical for 9. The half-life of a first order reaction is 10 min. If
(1) zero order reaction. initial amount is 0.08 mol L–1 and concentration at
(2) first order reaction. some instant is 0.01 mol L–1, then t is
(3) second order reaction. (1) 10 min. (2) 30 min.
(4) third order reaction. (3) 20 min. (4) 40 min.

5. Units of rate constant of first and zero order 10. The t1/2 of first order reaction is 10 min. Starting
reactions in terms of molarity M unit are, with 100 g of the reactant, the amount remaining
respectively, after one hour is
(1) s–1, M s–1 (2) s–1, M (1) 25.0 g (2) 3.130 g
(3) M s–1, s–1 (4) M, s–1 (3) 12.50 g (4) 1.563 g

11. If 8.0 g of a radioactive isotope has a half-life period

6. It takes 10 min for the decomposition of 50% H 2O2.
of 10 h. The half-life period of 2.0 g of the same
If the reaction is of first order, the rate constant will
substance is
be
(1) 2.5 h (2) 5.0 h
(1) 0.693 (2) 0.00693
(3) 10 h (4) 40 h
(3) 0.0693 (4) 6.93
 2

12. If concentrations are measured in mol L–1 and time 14. A substance decomposes having rate constant
in min, the unit for the rate constant of a third order 6.8 × 10–2 lit mole–1 sec–1. Calculate half-life if Co
reaction is was 0.05 M.
(1) 240.0 sec. (2) 298.3 sec.
(1) mol L–1 min–1 (2) L2 mol–2 min–1
(3) 294.1 sec. (4) 220.0 sec.
(3) L mol–1 min–1 (4) min–1
15. For a zero order reaction
(1) t1/2  a (2) t1/2  1/a
13. A first order reaction takes 40 min for 30%
decomposition. Calculate t1/2 (3) t1/2  a 2
(4) t1/2  1/a2

(1) 77.7 min (2) 27.2 min 16. Time required to decompose half of the substance
for nth order reaction is inversely proportional to
(3) 55.3 min (4) 67.3 min
(1) an+1 (2) an–1
(3) an–2 (4) an
 3

Note: Kindly find the Video Solution of DPPs Questions in the DPPs Section.

Answer Key
1. (4) 9. (2)
2. (3) 10. (4)
3. (2) 11. (3)
4. (1) 12. (2)
5. (1) 13. (1)
6. (3) 14. (3)
7. (2) 15. (1)
8. (1) 16. (2)
 4

Hint and Solution

1. (4) 7. (2)
R = k[A]2, if concentration of A is doubled then rate 0.693
will be 4 times. For first order reaction: t 50% 
K
i.e. t50% is independent of concentration.
2. (3)
R = k[A]x …(I)
8. (1)
2R = k[4A]x …(II)
r = k[A]x [B]y
2
1 1 1.2 × 10–3 = k[0.05]x [0.01]y …(i)
(I)  (II)   
2 4
2.4 × 10–3 = k[0.10]x [0.05]y …(ii)
1
x (i)  (ii)
2
x y
1 1 1

2  2   5 
3. (2)
This is satisfied only when x = 1, y = 0.
1
N2O5  N2O4 + O2
2
| is unimolecular reaction 9. (2)
0.693 2.303 0.08
k , now t  log
10 0.693 0.01
4. (1) 10
For zero order, unit of K is mol lit–1 sec–1 and unit of
rate of reaction is mol lit–1 sec–1
10. (4)
100  10
 50  10
 25 
10
 12.5 
10
 6.25
5. (1)
10
 3.125 
10
 1.563
Unit of k = (M)1–n s–1
Where, n = order of reaction
11. (3)
Half-life of first order reaction is independent of
6. (3) initial concentrarion.
0.693
t 50% 
K
12. (2)
0.693 0.693
K  Unit of rate constant (mol)1–n (L)n–1 min–1 put n = 3
t 50% 10
 5

13. (1)
2.303 100
K log 15. (1)
40 100  30
a
2.303 10 t1/2  i.e. t1/2  a
 log 2K
40 7
0.693
t1/2 
K 16. (2)
1
14. (3) t1/2 
The unit of k = 2nd order a n 1
1 1
t1/2    294.1 sec.
K  Co 6.8 102  0.05

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Physical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
 1

PRAVESH 2.0(2023)
Chemical Kinetics and Surface Chemistry DPP-01

1. Adsorption is the phenomenon in which a substance 6. The extent of adsorption of a gas on a solid depends
(1) Accumulates on the surface of other on
substance. (1) Nature of gas (2) Pressure of gas
(2) Goes into the body of the other substances. (3) Temperature (4) All the above
(3) Remains close to the other substances.
(4) Oxidises or reduces the other substances. 7. According to Freundlich adsorption isotherm, at
x
high pressure, the value of is
2. Adsorption is always m
(1) Endothermic. (1) Directly proportional to pressure.
(2) Exothermic. (2) Inversely proportional to pressure.
(3) Accompanies with increase in entropy. (3) Directly proportional to square of pressure.
(4) Accompanies with increase of enthalpy. (4) Independent of pressure.

3. Sorption is 8. Freundlich adsorption isotherm in the logarithmic

(1) Bulk phenomenon form is
(2) Surface phenomenon 1 x
(1) log P  log    log K
(3) Both n m
(4) Dispersion 1 x
(2) log K  log P  log  
n m
4. Which of the following is not a characteristic
x 1
property of chemisorption? (3) log    log K  log P
m n
(1) It is irreversible.
x 1
(2) It is specific.
(4) log    log P  log K
(3) It is multi-layer phenomenon. m n
(4) Heat of adsorption is about 80 - 240 kJ
9. Which plot is the adsorption isobar for physical
adsorption?
5. ASSERTION (A): +ve catalyst increases the rate of
reaction.
REASON (R): +ve catalyst decreases the activation (1) (2)
energy of the Reactants.
(1) A and R are correct and R is the correct
explanation of A
(2) A and R are correct and R is not the correct (3) (4)
explanation of A
(3) A is true and R is false
(4) A is false and R is true
 2

10. Which is not a characteristic property of a positive 16. The influence of temperature on the rate of reaction
catalyst? is determined by
(1) It changes the position of the equilibrium (1) Nernst’s equation
(2) It alters the reaction path (2) Gibbs-Helmholtz equation
(3) It increases the rate of reaction (3) Arrhenius equation
(4) None of these (4) Van’t Hoff equation

11. According to collision theory 17. According to Arrhenius equation, rate constant of a
(1) all collisions are sufficiently violent chemical reaction is equal to
(2) all collisions are responsible for product (1) Ae–Ea/RT (2) AeEa/RT
formation (3) Ae RT/Ea
(4) Ae–RT/Ea
(3) all collisions are effective
(4) only a fraction of collisions are effective 18. The correct expression for Arrhenius equation
which have enough energy to from products containing effect of temperature on the rate constant
is (T2 > T1)
12. In order to react, molecule, at the time of collisions, k2 Ea  T1T2 
must process a certain amount of energy known as (1) log10   
k1 2.030R  T2  T1 
(1) free energy (2) kinetic energy
k2 R  T2  T1 
(3) threshold energy (4) internal energy (2) log10   
k1 2.030Ea  T1T2 
13. For first order reaction if rate constant at 17oC is 2.8 k 2 Ea  T2  T1 
 10–5 sec–1 and at 27oC is 2.8  10–4 sec–1, then (3) log10   
k1 R  T1T2 
activation energy is
(1) 166.3 kJ mol–1 (2) 16.63 kJ mol–1 k2 Ea  T2  T1 
(4) log10   
(3) 1.663 kJ mol –1
(4) None of these k1 2.303R  T2T1 

14. For a gaseous reaction, following data is given 1

19. If we plot a graph between log k and by
A  B, k1 = 1015 e–2000/T T
C  D, k2 = 1014 e–2000/T Arrhenius equation, the slope is
The temperature at which k1 = k2 is (1) –Ea/R (2) +Ea/R
(1) 1000 K (2) 2000 K Ea Ea
(3) 868.82 K (4) 434.2 K (3)  (4) 
2.303R 2.303R

15. Which graph shows zero activation energy? 20. The rate constant of a reaction does not depend upon
(1) temperature
(1) (2) (2) activation energy
(3) catalyst
(4) concentration of reactants and products
(3) (4)
 3

Note: Kindly find the Video Solution of DPPs Questions in the DPPs Section.

Answer Key
1. (1) 11. (4)
2. (2) 12. (3)
3. (3) 13. (1)
4. (3) 14. (4)
5. (1) 15. (3)
6. (4) 16. (3)
7. (4) 17. (1)
8. (4) 18. (4)
9. (1) 19. (3)
10. (1) 20. (4)
 4

Hint and Solution

1. (1) 8. (4)
The phenomenon in which molecules of adsorbate x 1
accumulated on the surface of adsorbent, known as log    log K  log P
m n
adsorption.
9. (1)
2. (2) Physical adsorption is inversely proportional to
During adsorption there is always a decrease in temperature.
residual forces of surface i.e. There is decrease in
surface energy which appears as heat. Therefore,
adsorption is an exothermic process.

3. (3)
The phenomenon in which both adsorption (surface 10. (1)
phenomenon) and absorption (bulk phenomenon)
A positive catalyst does not affect the position of
take place simultaneously is called "Sorption". equilibrium.

4. (3)
11. (4)
Chemisorption is unilayered phenomenon.
Effective collision form products.

5. (1) 12. (3)

A positive catalyst increases the rate of the reaction
For reaction, reactant must passes threshold energy.
by decreasing the activation energy.

13. (1)
6. (4)
k2 Ea  1 1 
The extent of adsorption of a gas on a solid depends log    
on nature of gas and low pressure and high k1 2.303R  T1 T2 
temperature. 2.8 104 Ea  1 1 
log  
2.8 105
2.303  8.3  290 300 

7. (4) Ea = 166.3 kJ mol–1.
x
 kp1/n
m (n > 1) 14. (4)
When k1 = k2,
1015 e–2000/T = 1014 e–1000/T
10 = e1000/T
1000
2.303log10 
1
T = 434.2 K
 5

15. (3) 18. (4)

The difference between energy of reactant and k2 Ea  1 1 
transition state energy is zero. log    
k1 2.303R  T1 T2 
 in option (1) energy of reactant is lower than
transition state energy.
19. (3)
 option (2) and (4) does not follow profile of
Ea
energy v/s progress of reaction curve. ln K  ln A 
RT
Ea 1
16. (3)  log k  log A  
2.303R T
k  AeEa /RT
Ea
k  10 Slope  
 T 2.303R
KT
Temp coeff. 20. (4)

17. (1) Concentration of reactant and products.

Ae–Ea/RT

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PRAVESH CUET (2.0)

Surface Chemistry DPP-02

1. Which of the following substance gives a positively 8. Sulphur sol is an example of

charged sol.? (1) macromolecular colloid
(1) Gold (2) Arsenious sulphide (2) associated colloid
(3) Ferric hydroxide (4) Starch (3) multimolecular colloid
(4) hydrophilic colloid
2. Which of the following is not a colloid?
(1) Milk (2) Blood 9. The Tyndall effect in colloidal solutions is due to
(1) scattering of light
(3) Ice cream (4) Sugar solution
(2) reflection of light
(3) absorption of light
3. The capacity of an ion to coagulate a colloidal
(4) electrical charge of particles
solution depends on
(1) its shape
10. Which of the following has minimum flocculation
(2) the sign of the charge value?
(3) the amount of its charge (1) Pb2+ (2) Pb4+
(4) both (2) & (3) (3) Na+ (4) Sr2+

4. Point out the false statement. 11. When dispersed phase is solid and dispersion
(1) Colloidal sols are homogeneous. medium is gas, the colloidal system is
(2) Colloids carry +ve or –ve charges. (1) Smoke (2) Clouds
(3) Colloids show Tyndall effect. (3) Emulsion (4) Milk
(4) The size range of colloidal particles is
1nm-1μm 12. An example of micelle is
(1) As2O3 solution
5. Which of the following will have the highest (2) Sodium stearate conc. solution
coagulating power for As2S3 colloid? (3) Ruby glass
(4) Na2CO3 solution
(1) Al3+ (2) SO24

(3) Na+ (4) PO34 13. Milk is an example of

(1) Emulsion (2) Suspension
6. Example of a homogeneous system is (3) Gel (4) True solution
(1) Muddy water (2) Milk
(3) Concrete (4) Sugar solution 14. Freshly prepared precipitate sometime gets
converted to colloidal solution by
7. Gold no. is measure of (1) Coagulation (2) Electrolysis
(1) stability of colloidal system. (3) Diffusion (4) Peptisation
(2) coagulating power of a colloid.
(3) efficiency of protective colloid. 15. Which is not shown by sols?
(4) none of these (1) Adsorption (2) Tyndall effect
(3) Flocculation (4) Paramagnetism
 2

Note: Kindly find the Video Solution of DPPs Questions in the DPPs Section.

Answer Key
1. (3) 9. (1)
2. (4) 10. (3)
3. (4) 11. (1)
4. (1) 12. (2)
5. (1) 13. (1)
6. (4) 14. (4)
7. (3) 15. (4)
8. (3)
 3

Hint and Solution

1. (3) 8. (3)
Ferric hydroxide. Sulphur sol consists of particles containing thousand
or more of S8 sulphur molecules.
2. (4)
9. (1)
Sugar solution is a homogeneous, hence it is true
Due to scattering of light colloidal particles are
solution.
visible. This effect is called Tyndall effect.

3. (4) 10. (3)

Coagulation depends on amount of its charge and its True solution is a homogeneous system.
sign.
11. (1)
4. (1) In smoke.
Dispersed phase = carbon particles.
Colloidal sols are heterogeneous in nature.
Dispersion medium = Air.

5. (1) 12. (2)

As2S3 is negatively charged sol., so Al3+ have max. C17H35COONa
coagulating power.
13. (1)
6. (4) Milk is a liq. in liq. colloid. (emulsion).
Sugar solution is a homogeneous system (True
solution). 14. (4)
Peptisation.
7. (3)
15. (4)
Efficiency of protective colloid.
Paramagnetism.

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 Physical Chemistry
Practice Session
Doubt Solving Session

Lecture No - 1
Doubt Solving Session