NSEJS (PHYSICS) 2022

1. A particle of mass 0.3 kg starts moving from rest, in one dimension, under a force that delivers constant power P = 1.5 watt.
The kinetic energy of the particle will be KE = 15 J after a time of

a) 5 sec b) 10 sec c) 12 sec d) 15 sec

Solution:
Mass of the particle: m = 0.3 kg

Initial velocity of the particle: u = 0 m/s

Initial kinetic energy of the particle: 𝑘𝑖 = 0

Final kinetic energy of the particle: 𝑘𝑓 = 15 𝐽

Change in kinetic energy of the particle: ∆𝑘 = 𝑘𝑓 − 𝑘𝑖 = 15 − 0 = 15 J

∆𝑘 ∆𝑘 15
Power delivered to the particle: P = →𝑡= = 1.5 = 𝟏𝟎 sec
𝑡 𝑃

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

2. A trolley of mass 200 kg carrying a sandbag of mass 20 kg is moving on a frictionless horizontal track with speed 36 km/hr.
After a while, sand starts leaking out of the bag on the floor of trolley at the rate of 0.04 kg/sec. What is the speed of trolley after
the entire sand bag is empty?

a) 8 m/s b) 9.2 m/s c) 10 m/s d) 10.8 m/s

Solution:
𝑑𝑚
Rate of leakage of sand: 𝑑𝑡
= 0.04 kg/s

Mass of the sand bag: m = 20 kg

𝑚 20
Time taken to the empty the sand bag: 𝑡 = 𝑑𝑚/𝑑𝑡 = 0.04 = 500 s = 8.34 min

Since the sand is leaking out in vertical direction, it does not exert any thrust force on the trolley

So, the speed of the trolley remains constant at 36 kmph = 10 m/s

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

3. A particle, initially at rest at origin, starts moving under acceleration 𝑎 along +x direction. The acceleration versus time graph
is shown in figure. The displacement and velocity of the particle after 6 sec. are

a) 51 m, 6 m/s b) 33 m, 6 m/s c) 42 m, 18 m/s d) 27 m, 24 m/s

Solution:
Initial velocity of the particle: u = 0 m/s

Let the final velocity of the particle be 𝑣

Area of acceleration – time graph: change in velocity: 𝑣 − 0 = 4 × 3 − 1 × 6 = 12 − 6 = 𝟔 m/s

1 1
Displacement of the particle from 0 to 3 sec: 𝑥1 = 𝑎1 𝑡 2 = 4 9 = 18 𝑚
2 2

Velocity of the particle at the end of 3 sec: 𝑣1 = 𝑢 + 𝑎1 𝑡 = 0 + 4 3 = 12 𝑚/𝑠

Displacement of the particle from 3 to 5 sec: 𝑥2 = 𝑣1 𝑡 = 12 2 = 24 𝑚

1 1
Displacement of the particle from 5 to 6 sec: 𝑥3 = 𝑢𝑡 + 2 𝑎𝑡 2 = 12 1 − 2 6 1 2
= 12 − 3 = 9 𝑚

Total displacement of the particle: 𝑥 = 18 + 24 + 9 = 𝟓𝟏 𝒎

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

4. Gravitational potential energy of a system of two particles of masses 𝑚1 and 𝑚2 , separatedd by distance 𝑟, is given by
𝐺𝑚 𝑚
𝑈 = − 1 2, where G is the universal gravitational constant. Consider two stars, each of mass M, initially separated by
𝑟
distance 𝑑 and at rest with respect to each other. Two stars start moving towards each other under their mutual gravitational
attraction. The stars can be treated as point objects and motion is assumed non-relativistic. As measured from the laboratory
𝑑
frame, the speed of each star when they are at a distance 2 apart from each other is

𝑮𝑴 2𝐺𝑀 𝐺𝑀 𝐺𝑀
a) 𝒅
b) 𝑑
c) 2𝑑
d) 4𝑑

Solution:
𝐺𝑚1 𝑚2
Gravitational potential energy of two particle system: 𝑈 = − 𝑟
𝐺𝑀 2
Initial potential of the two star system: 𝑈𝑖 = − 𝑑
Initial kinetic energy of the system: 𝑘𝑖 = 0
𝐺𝑀 2 𝐺𝑀 2
Final potential energy of the system: 𝑈𝑓 = − 𝑑 = −2 𝑑
2
1
Final kinetic energy of the system: 𝑘𝑓 = 2 2 𝑀𝑣 2 = 𝑀𝑣 2

𝐺𝑀 2 𝐺𝑀 2 𝐺𝑀 2 𝑮𝑴
Conservation of mechanical energy: 𝐸𝑖 = 𝐸𝑓 → 𝑘𝑖 + 𝑈𝑖 = 𝑘𝑓 + 𝑈𝑓 → 0 − = 𝑀𝑣 2 −2 → 𝑀𝑣 2 = →𝒗=
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝒅

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

5. An engine approaches a vertical cliff with constant speed 72 kmph. When the engine is at a distance of 0.7 km from the cliff,
it blows a whistle. The driver hears the echo after a time (speed of sound in air is 330 m/s)

a) 3.88 sec b) 4.00 sec c) 4.12 sec d) 4.24 sec

Solution:
5
Speed of the train: 𝑣𝑠 = 72 kmph = 72 x 18 = 20 𝑚/𝑠

Speed of sound in air: v = 330 m/s

Let ‘t’ be the time taken to hear the echo

Distance travelled by the driver during this time: 𝑥 = 𝑣𝑠 𝑡 = 20𝑡

Distance travelled by sound during this time: 2 700 − 20𝑡 = 1400 − 20𝑡

Distance travelled by sound during this time: 𝑣𝑡 = 330𝑡 = 1400 − 20𝑡 →

1400
Time taken to hear the echo: 350𝑡 = 1400 → 𝑡 = 350
= 𝟒 𝒔𝒆𝒄

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

6. A vessel contains a liquid 1 of density 0.8 gm/cc over a liquid 2 of density 13.6 gm/cc. The two liquids are immiscible. A
homogeneous solid sphere floats with half of its volume immersed in liquid 1 and other half in liquid 2. The density of the
material of the sphere in gm/cc is

a) 3.3 b) 6.4 c) 7.2 d) 12.8

Solution:
Density of first liquid: 𝜌1 = 0.8 𝑔𝑚/𝑐𝑐

Density of second liquid: 𝜌2 = 13.6 𝑔𝑚/𝑐𝑐

Let 𝑚 be the mass, ρ be the density and ‘R’ be the radius of the sphere

4
Weight of the sphere: W = mg = 3 𝜋𝑅 3 𝜌𝑔

2
Buoyancy force due to first liquid: 𝐹𝑏1 = 𝑉𝑙1 𝜌1 𝑔 = 3 𝜋𝑅 3 0.8 𝑔

2
Buoyancy force due to second liquid: 𝐹𝑏2 = 𝑉𝑙2 𝜌2 𝑔 = 3 𝜋𝑅 3 13.6 𝑔

2 2
Total buoyancy force on the sphere: 𝐹𝑏 = 3 𝜋𝑅 3 𝑔 0.8 + 13.6 = 3 𝜋𝑅 3 𝑔 (14.4)

4 2
For equilibrium of the sphere: gravitational force = buoyancy force: 3 𝜋𝑅 3 𝜌𝑔 = 3 𝜋𝑅 3 𝑔 (14.4) → 2ρ = 14.4 → 𝝆 = 𝟕. 𝟐 gm/cc

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

7. One fine morning, Mr. Ravi visited Gandhi park with his grandson. When he was just on a bridge over the lake in the park, an old
wooden toy just dropped from his hand. The toy went straight down to hit the surface of calm water, then sinked into water to a certain
depth below water surface and returns due to upthrust of water to the hands of Mr. Ravi in the same position from where it was dropped.
Assuming this position to be at height 19.6 m above the surface of water and density of material of toy to be just half the density of water
in the lake, the total time in which toy is received back to the hands of Mr. Ravi is calculated to be

a) 2 sec b) 4 sec c) 8 sec d) 16 sec

Solution:

2ℎ 2(19.6)
Time taken by the toy to touch water surface (freely falling body): 𝑡1 = = = 2 sec
𝑔 9.8

Time taken to travel the same distance upward (in air): 2 sec (time of ascent = time of descent)

Velocity of the toy when it strikes water surface: v = 2𝑔ℎ = 2(9.8)(19.6) = 19.6 m/s
Resultant force on the toy in water: 𝐹 = 𝐹𝑏 − 𝐹𝑔 = 𝑚𝑙 𝑔 − 𝑚𝑔 = 𝑉𝜌𝑤 𝑔 − 𝑉𝜌𝑔 = 𝑉𝑔 2𝜌 − 𝜌 = 𝑉𝜌𝑔 (upward)
𝐹 𝐹 𝑉𝜌𝑔
Acceleration of the toy in water: 𝑎 = 𝑚 = 𝑉𝜌 = = 𝑔 (upward)
𝑉𝜌

Time taken by the toy to sink to maximum depth: v = u + at → 0 = 19.6 − 9.8𝑡2 → 𝑡2 = 2 sec
Time taken by the toy to come back to water surface: 2 sec (time of ascent = time of descent)
Total time taken by the toy to come back to initial position: 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 8 sec

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

8. Two plane mirrors OA and OB are inclined at an angle θ as shown in figure. A ray of light incident parallel to BO strikes the
mirror OA at point P. It gets reflected from mirror OA and then reflected from the mirror OB, the ray finally emerges parallel to
OA. The value of angle θ is

a) 900 b) 600 c) 450 d) 300

Solution:
Angle between the mirros: θ

Angle of incidence on mirror AO: 𝑥 = 90 − 𝜃

Since the emergent ray is parallel to AO, the angle made by the light ray with BO: θ

Sum of the angles in a triangle: 3θ = 180 → 𝜽 = 𝟔𝟎0

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

9. A long solenoid of length 2 m and radius 10 cm having 2000 turns per meter carries a current of 1.0 A. The strength of
magnetic field B is maximum at point

a) A at the left end b) C at the right end c) O at the centre of solenoid d) P outside the solenoid

Solution:
Since the length (200 cm) is much larger than the radius (10 cm), the given solenoid can be taken as infinitely long

Number of turns per unit length: 𝑛 = 2000 per meter

Current carried by the solenoid: 𝑖 = 1.0 A

Volume of the solenoid core: V = 𝐴𝑙 = 𝜋𝑟 2 𝑙 = 𝜋 0.1 2

2 = 0.02𝜋 𝑚3

Magnetic field at the centre of the solenoid: B1 = 𝝁𝟎 𝒊𝒏 [point O]

𝟏
Magnetic field at the end point of the solenoid: B2 = 𝟐 𝝁𝟎 𝒊𝒏 [points A and C]
Magnetic field at outside point [P] is zero

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

10. A tank with a square base of area 2.0 m2 is divided by a vertical partition in the middle. The bottom of the partition has a
small hinged door of area 10 cm2. The tank is filled with water in one compartment and a liquid of relative density 1.8 in other
compartment, both to a height 5.0 m. The force necessary to keep the door close is approximately (g = 9.8 m/s2)

a) 0.04 N b) 3.9 N c) 39 N d) zero

Solution:

Height of the water and liquid column: h = 5 m

Pressure due to water column: 𝑃𝑤 = 𝜌𝑤 𝑔ℎ = 1000 9.8 5

Force due to water column: 𝐹𝑤 = 𝑃𝑤 𝐴 = 1000 9.8 5 x 10 × 10−4

Pressure due to liquid column: 𝑃𝑙 = 𝜌𝑙 𝑔ℎ = 1800 9.8 5

Force due to liquid column: 𝐹𝑙 = 𝑃𝑙 𝐴 = 1800 9.8 5 x 10 × 10−4

Net force on the hinged door: 𝐹 = 𝐹𝑙 − 𝐹𝑤 = 9.8 × 5 × 10−3 1800 − 1000 = 𝟑𝟗. 𝟐 N

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

11. An electron is projected horizontally towards east in uniform magnetic field B. The electron is deflected towards north by
the magnetic field. The magnetic field is directed

a) eastward b) westward c) upward d) downward

Solution:
Direction of motion of electron: East

Direction of deflection of electron: North

Fleming’s Left Hand Rule:

Fore finger: direction of magnetic field (upward)

Central finger: direction of current (+ve charge movement): W

Thumb: direction of force: N

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

12. Sir CV Raman announced the discovery of Raman Effect on February 28, 1928. He received 1930 Nobel Prize in Physics
for this discovery. Raman effect is the discovery of

a) dispersion of light b) total internal reflection of light c) refraction of light d) inelastic scattering of light

Solution:
Raman Effect is inelastic scattering (exchange of energy and change in direction of light) of light (photons) by matter.

Generally, this effect involves gain of vibrational energy by molecules as the incident photons shift to lower energy levels.

In elastic (Rayleigh) scattering, the scattered photons have same frequency, wavelength (color) but different direction in
comparision to the incident photons.

• Blue color of the sky is due to scattering of sun light by nitrogen molecules of the Earth’s atmosphere

• For solids, Raman scattering is used as a tool to detect high frequency phonon and magnon excitations

• Raman LIDAR is used in atmospheric physics to measure the atmospheric extinction coefficient

• Raman amplification is used in optical amplifiers

• Raman spectroscopy can be used to determine force constant and bond length for molecules that do not have infrared
absorption spectrum

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

13. Two blocks 𝑀1 and 𝑀2 of masses 3 kg and 6 kg respectively are connected through a string and spring balance 𝐵1 . The
string passes over a massless and frictionless pulley P. The pulley is suspended from a rigid support through spring balance 𝐵2 .
Strings are massless and inextensible. Masses fo spring balances are negligible. The system is released from rest. At the instant
when masses 𝑀1 and 𝑀2 are moving with same speed (g = 9.8 m/s2)

a) reading of 𝐵1 is 4.5 kg wt b) reading of 𝑩𝟏 is 4.0 kg wt

9.8
c) reading of 𝐵2 is 9.8 kg wt d) acceleration of 𝑀1 is m/s2
3

Solution:
Question Dropped

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

14. Focal length of a thin convex lens is 10 cm. An object is placed at a distance 15 cm in front of the lens and a plane mirror
kept at 20 cm on the other side as shown in figure

a) The final image is formed at a distance 10 cm from the lens towards the mirror
b) The final image is formed at a distance 10 cm from the lens (10 cm behind the mirror)
c) The final image has magnification m = −𝟐
d) The final image has magnification m = +2
Solution:
Focal length of the convex lens: f = 10 cm
Object distance from the lens: u = 15 cm

1 1 1 1 1 1
Image distance from the lens: 𝑣 − 𝑢 = 𝑓 → 𝑣 + 15 = 10 → 𝑣 = 30 𝑐𝑚

The image formed by the convex lens acts as virtual object for the plane mirror.
This virtual object is at a distance of (30 – 20 = 10 cm) from the mirror
For plane mirror, object distance = image distance = 10 cm
So, the final image is formed at a distance of 10 cm from the lens towards the mirror
𝑣 30
Magnification of the image: m = 𝑢 = − 15 = −𝟐 [plane mirror does not provide any magnification]

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

15. Given network of 18 resistors, each equal to R = 3 Ω, is connected in series with resistor 𝑅0 to a source of emf 9 volt.
Choose the correct option

a) current drawn from the battery is 1.5 A b) potential difference between A and B is 7.5 volt
c) electrical power dissipated in 𝑹𝟎 is 2.25 W d) electrical power dissipated in network between A and B is 12.25 W

Solution:

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

Solution:
10
𝑅 5
3
Resistance between A & B: 𝑅𝐴𝐵 = = 𝑅
2 3

5 1
Total resistance of the circuit: 𝑅𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑅𝐴𝐵 + 𝑅0 = 𝑅 + 𝑅 = 2𝑅
3 3

𝑉 9
a) Current drawn from the battery: I = = = 𝟏. 𝟓 A
𝑅𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 2(3)

5
b) Potential difference between A & B: 𝑉𝐴𝐵 = 𝐼𝑅𝐴𝐵 = 1.5 3
× 3 = 𝟕. 𝟓 volt

2 3
c) Power dissipated in 𝑅0 : P = 𝐼2 𝑅0 = 1.5 = 2.25 W
3

2 5
d) Power dissipated in resistance between A & B: 𝑃𝐴𝐵 = 𝐼2 𝑅𝐴𝐵 = 1.5 × 3 = 11.25 W
3

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

16. Two bodies of masses 𝑚1 = 2 𝑘𝑔 and 𝑚2 = 1 𝑘𝑔 are moving towards each other in the same straight line with speed 12 m/s
and 6 m/s respectively as shown in figure. The bodies can be assumed as point masses. After some time, the two bodies undergo
elastic collision. After the collision

a) the two bodies merely exchange their velocities b) 𝒎𝟏 comes to rest

c) 𝒎𝟐 moves with speed 18 m/s towards right
d) 𝑚1 and 𝑚2 move with same speeds but they reverse their directions of motion

Solution:

𝑚1 − 𝑚2 2𝑚2
Velocity of first particle after elastic collision: 𝑣1 = 𝑚1 + 𝑚2
𝑢1 + 𝑚1 + 𝑚2
𝑢2

2−1 2 1 12 12
𝑣1 = 2+1
12 + 2+1
−6 = 3
− 3
= 𝟎 m/s

2𝑚1 𝑚2 − 𝑚1
Velocity of the second particle after elastic collision: 𝑣2 = 𝑢1 + 𝑢2
𝑚1 + 𝑚 2 𝑚1 + 𝑚2

2(2) 1− 2 48 6 54
𝑣2 = 2+1
12 + 2+1
−6 = 3
+3 = 3
= 𝟏𝟖 𝒎/𝒔

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

17. Figures (i) to (v) show graphical representation of motion in one dimension. Here 𝑠, 𝑣, 𝑎 and 𝑡 represent the displacement,
the velocity, the acceleration and the time respectively. Which of the above graphs represent uniform motion?

a) (i) only b) (ii) only c) (i), (iv) and (v) d) (iv) and (v)

Solution:
Question Dropped

1
(i) s = 2 𝑎𝑡 2 → uniform acceleration
(ii) s = kt → uniform velocity (constant slope)
(iii) v = 𝑘𝑡 2 → time dependent acceleration (a = 2kt)
(iv) v = 𝑘𝑡 → uniform acceleration (constant slope)
(v) 𝑎 = 𝑘 → uniform acceleration (straight line parallel to time axis)
Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022
18. Three identical electric bulbs A, B and C having specification 60 W, 220 V are connected across a 220 V supply as shown.
The total power dissipated in three bulbs is close to

a) 180 W b) 60 W c) 30 W d) 40 W

Solution:
Question Dropped

Rating of the bulbs: 60 W, 220 V

Let the resistance of each filament be R
𝑅
B & C are in parallel: Effective resistance: 2
𝑅
2 𝑉
Potential drop (voltage) across B & C: 𝑉𝐵 = 𝑉𝐶 = 𝑅 𝑉 =
𝑅 + 3
2
𝑉 2𝑉
Potential drop (voltage) across A: 𝑉𝐴 = 𝑉 − 3 =
3
𝑉𝑠 2
Power consumed (dissipated) by the bulb: 𝑃𝑐 = 𝑃𝑟
𝑉𝑟

2𝑉 2 𝑉 2
3 3 4 2 2
Total power consumed by the bulbs: P = 𝑃𝐴 + 𝑃𝐵 + 𝑃𝐶 = 60 + 2 (60) = 60 + 9 = 60 × 3 = 𝟒𝟎 𝑾
𝑉 𝑉 9

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

19. A copper wire is stretched to decrease its radius by 0.15%. The percentage change in the resistance of wire is

a) + 0.3% b) −0.3% c) + 0.6% d) −0.6%

Solution:
Question Dropped

𝜌𝑙 𝜌𝑙 𝐴 𝜌𝑉 𝜌𝑉 𝜌𝑉
Resistance of a wire: R = = = = =
𝐴 𝐴 𝐴 𝐴2 𝜋𝑟 2 2 𝜋2 𝑟 4

𝜌𝑉
Apply log on both sides: log R = log 𝜋2
− 4 log 𝑟

𝑑𝑅 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝑅 𝑑𝑟
Differentiate: 𝑅
=0−4 𝑟
→ 𝑅
× 100 = −4 𝑟
× 100

𝑑𝑅
𝑅
× 100 = −4 −0.15 = +0.6%

𝑑𝑅
Percentage change in resistance: × 100 = + 0.6%
𝑅

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022

20. Speed of sound in air is directly proportional to square root of absolute temperature of air (keeping other parameters
constant). The speed of sound in air at 273 K and 1 atm. is 332 m/s. On a clear day, when temperature in the laboratory was
27 0C, an experiment was performed to measure speed of sound in air in the laboratory. The measured value comes out to be
352 m/s. The percentage error in this measurement is

a) 0.2% b) 1.15% c) 3.15% d) 6.02%

Solution:
Question Dropped

Speed of sound in air is proportional to absolute temperature: 𝑣 ∝ 𝑇

Speed of sound at 273 K: 𝑣1 = 332 𝑚/𝑠

𝑇2 300
Speed of sound at 27 0C (300 K): 𝑣2 = 𝑣1 = 332 = 348 m/s
𝑇1 273

Measure value of speed of sound: 𝑣 = 352 𝑚/𝑠

352−348 400
Percentage error in the measurement: 352
× 100 = 352 = 1.14%

Kalyan's Physics Challenge / NSEJS 2022