Chip Level Repairing Classroom Notes

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Chip Level Repairing Classroom Notes

January 17, 2015 by Admin
Classroom Notes
MOTHERBOARD
The motherboard is the main board in the system, and it is having “malty layer
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Chip Level Repairing Classroom Notes – Laptop Repair Course http://laptoprepaircourse.in/chip-level-repairing-class-room-notes/
printed circuit board” and it is Manufacturer with Epoxy Material.Motherboard of

3 types
1. Server Motherboard
2. Desktop Motherboard
3. Laptop motherboard
1. In the desktop motherboard, (or) laptop motherboard, minimum, and

maximum the only one processor. We are inserting, and this processor
frequency is maximum 3.6 GHz in this motherboard maximum RAM capacity is
8GB supporting.
2. In the motherboard server minimum one processor (and) maximum 64 and

above processors we can insert, and this processor frequency is minimum
3.GHz and in this motherboard supporting RAM 512GB and above also.
The desktop motherboard again classified into four types

1. Pentium 1
2. Pentium 2
3. Pentium 3
4. Pentium 4
Pentium – III
810, 810E, 815, 820
Pentium – IV
845, 865, 915, 945, 965, DG31, DG33, DG41, DG45
P-III Mother board’s Identification
1. It is having AT power supply>> 6+6=12 pins connector & It is having ATX

SMPS 20 pin
2. It has ISA slot >>it is black color>>having 8-bits and 16 bits
3. It has PCI slot>>it is WHITE color>>having 82 bits
4. It has IDE1, IDE2>>40 pins connector
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5. It has floppy disk drive >>34 pins connector

6. It has DIMM RAM slot >>it has 168 DIMM package connector
7. Processor supports 450Mhz to 1.3Ghz
8. Ram support 64MB to 256Mb
9. It is having AGP slot >> it is in brown color>>having 64 bits
It has AMR slot >> it is brown color>> having 64 bits
1. It has slot processor and socket processor
Slot Processor:-
Slot no.1 – 242 pin
Slot no.2 – 330 pin
Socket Processor:-
Socket no – 370
P-IV Mother board’s Identification
1. It has PCI slot >>it is WHITE color >>having 32 bit or yellow

2. It is having IDE1,IDE2>> 40 pins connector
3. It has floppy disk drive>>34 pins connector
4. It has DIMM RAM slot >> it is having 168 pins DIMM package
5. It is having ATX, power supply>> 20 or 24 or 28 pins connector
6. Processor supports 1.5 GHZ to onwards
7. RAM support 128 MB to 4 GB
8. It has AGP slot>> it is brown color>> having 64 bits
9. It has CNR slot>> it is brown color >>64 bits
1. It has ATX SMPS 20 pin (or) 24 pin (or) 28 pin connector.

2. It has SATA port seven pin connectors.
3. It is having AGP slot, (or) EPCI slot, PCI slot, and CNR slot.
4. It supports RAM maximum 8GB.
5. It has the socket Processor
Socket No- 423
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Socket No- 478
Socket No- 775
Socket No- 462
Socket No- AM 2+
Socket No- 939
Socket No- 752
SLOT
PCI: – Peripheral connector interface.
It is 32-bit slot 33MHz Frequency No. of Pins 120 this is also called as universal slot
be cows of any card we are inserting in this Slot (VGA Card, LAN Card, SOUND Card,
TV Tuner, Modem Card, etc…).
Pin- Express (or) Extended peripheral connector interface.
It is the 64-bit slot 66MHz Frequency No. pins is 184 In this slot we are inserting the
EPCI Graphic card this slot speed is 16x.
AGP: – the Accelerated Graphic Port.
It is the 64-bit slot 66MHz frequency No. pins is 124 In the slot we are inserting the
AGP Graphic card this slot speed is 8x maximum.
AMR: – Audio modem raiser.
It is the 32-bit slot 33MHz frequency No. pins is 46 In the slot we are inserting the
32-bit modem card.
CNR: – Communication network raiser.
It is the 64-bit slot 66MHz Frequency No. pins 60. In the slot, we are inserting the 64-
bit modem card.
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SOUTHBRIDGE
It is the small BGA (Ball Grid Array) It is fairest to the processor It will control the
signal of USB signal Audio signal PCI slot signal and Input-output signal except
display signal this is also called as IOCH “input-output controller hub.”
NORTHBRIDGE
It is the big BGA (Ball grid array) It is nearest to the processor, and it will control the
signal of the display signal and processor signal and a RAM signal. The north bridge
is also called as MCH “memory control hub.”
MANU FETCHER CAMPINESS OR SOUTHBRIDGE AND NORTHBRIDGE
1. INTEL
2. VIA
3. SIS
4. ATI
5. NVIDIA
6. AMD
7. IBM
SMD IC: – Surface mountain drives integrated cruet
The SMD IC Dun by 3. Functions
1. Power management function

2. Generating the osculating (or) clock signal
3. Error employ a tire
MANU FETCHER CAMPINESS ARE SMD IC
1. ITE
2. SMSC
3. WINBOND
4. ALI
5. SMARTIE
6. ENE
7. SUPER IO
8. MEGATRENDS
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MICRO PROCESSORS
RISC: – Red used instruction set control
CISC: – Complex instruction set to control
CRISC: – Complex red used instruction set control
RISC PROCESSOR:- Single take;
Ex :- 1+1+1+1= 4
CISC PROCESSOR:-
Ex:- (1+1) (2+1) (3+1) =4
RISC Processor and CISC Processor used Desktop and Laptop.
MANUFACTURE COMPANIES OF MICRO PROCESSORS ARE
INTEL
AMD
ZILOG
NATIONAL SEMY CONDECTOR
CYRIX
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APPLE MAC
IBM
MOTOROLA
Intel :-
P-I, P-II, P-III, P-III Celeron, P-IV, P-IV Celeron, Cetrino
CISC Processers (Desktop and Laptop)
Dual core, Dore2 Dual, Core i3, Core i5, Core i7
Core2 extern
Core2 Quad
Based on the Physical Stretcher Micro Processor or 2types
1. Slot Processor
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2. Socket Processor
SLOT PROCESSOR
PINS – 121+121=242
In that socket, Processor also 2 types
1. Pin Processor
2. Pinless Processor (or) Dot Processor
Socket Processors
PGA – Pin grid array
LGA – Line grid array
BIOS
BIOS:- Basic Input Output system
Requirement of BIOS
1. Identification of components whatever the devices the motherboard

2. Booting purpose
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3. Security purpose
Based on the physical structure BIOS is 3 types
1. Horizontal BIOS (or) Flat BIOS – of pins

2. Square BIOS – 32 pins
3. 8pin BIOS – 8 pins
Manufacturer companies (or) BIOS Chip
INTEL
WINBOND
SST
AMI
AWARD
PHONY
MANUFACTURE COMPANIES (OR) BIOS PROGRAMS
AMI
AWARD
PHONY
RAMS
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SD RAM:- 84+84 168 pins two notches 3.3v
DDR1 RAM:- 92+92 184 pins one notches 2.5v
DDR-1——200 MHZ TO 400 MHZ——-having 184 pins
DDR 11—–400MHZ TO 800 MHZ——–having 240 pins
DDR111—-800 MHZ TO 1066 MHZ——having 184 pins
Types of RAM & Abbreviation:
1. SRAM Static Random access memory

2. Classic DDRAM classic dynamic RAM
3. FPM DRAM Fast page mode dynamic RAM
4. EDD RAM enhanced dynamic RAM
5. CDD RAM cached dynamic RAM
6. VRAM video ram
7. EDO RAM Extended dynamic RAM
8. BEDO RAM Burst external data output ram
9. WRAM Windows ram
10. SG RAM synchronous graphic ram
11. DDR RAM double data rate ram
12. RD RAM Rambus dynamic RAM
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE MOTHERBOARD
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MANUFACTURE COMPANIES (OR) MOTHERBOARD
INTEL
AMD
MERCURY
MSI
ASUS
ASROCK
GIGABYTE
IBM
DELL
FRONTECH
BIOSTAR
CRYSTAL
The clock signal first comes to the CRYSTAL after then it goes to the components.
SOUTH BRIDGE
The south bridge has one analog crystal.
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CLOCK IC
The clock IC is rectangle type it will manage the clock signal to PROCESSER section,
RAM section, and NORTHBRIDGE section.
SOUND IC
The SOUND IC is managing the sound signal only. It is a square type IC and
minuscule IC in same of the motherboard SOUND IC also given the one CRYSTAL.
LAN IC
The LAN IC is some of the motherboard RECTANGULAR and same of the SQUARE
motherboard type. In the sum of the motherboard LAN IC near also, CRYSTAL is
given.
AT power supply
Power good signal
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1. +5V
2. +12 V
3. -12V
4. GND
5. GND
6. GND
7. GND
8. -5V
9. +5V
10. +5V
11. +5V
Pin no Voltage
1. +3.3 V
2. +3.3V
3. GND
4. +5V
5. GND
6. +5V
7. GND
8. POWER GOOD
9. +5V
10. +12V
11. +3.3V
12. -12V
13. GND
14. POWER ON
15. GND
16. GND
17. GND
18. -5V
19. +5V
20. +5V
Pin no Colour
1. Orange
2. Orange
3. Black
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4. Red
5. Black
6. Red
7. Black
8. violet
9. Red
10. Yellow
11. Orange
12. Blue
13. Black
14. Green
15. Black
16. Black
17. Black
18. White
19. Red
20. Red
IO PORTS
PS/2
IN VIA CHIPSET SIS also
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IN INTEL CHIPSET
PS/2 TROUBLE SHOOTING
Keyboard & Mouse is not working (or) PS2 port is not working.
Check: – The keyboard and Mouse are working are not. After checking the
Capacitor, Coil and Resistors working are not. Next verify the continuity.
Dry solder the components replace the PS2 connector it will be working.
Serial Port
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Serial Port TROUBLE SHOOTING
The modem is not detecting (or) serial mouse is not working.
First check the capacitor or capacitor pack working or not. Verify the continuity up to
SERIAL IC finally replace the serial IC little heat serial IC in working and over heat will
be serial IC not working. Then check the SERIAL IC.
VGA PORT
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In some of the motherboards
VGA PORT TROUBLE SHOOTING
The display is not coming. Check the another VGA card display is coming. Now you
can check the capacitors, coils, resistors, and transistor. Now verify the continuity. Dry
shoulder the components. Still not working finally replace VGA connector.
USB PORT
By using USB port, we can connect up to 160 devices
USB PORT TROUBLE SHOOTING
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Pen drive is not detecting go to BIOS setup and check the USB port in enable or not.
Verify the usb drivers installed or not. Now check the +5v incoming or not. In the
USB port first pin checks, the capacitors and resistors are working or not. Next verify
the continuity. Finally, replace the connector.
LPT PORT (Line Printer Terminal)
LPT (PORT) TROUBLE SHOOTING
Dot matrix printer is not detecting. Go to BIOS setup and check the LPT port is
enabled or not. Verify the resistor packs working or not. In this mostly 99% resistor
pack problem coming. Dry shoulder the resistor packs. After dry shoulder, also it’s
not working. Finally, replace the LPT connector.
SOUND PORT
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SOUND (PORT) TROUBLE SHOOTING
The sound is not coming or little volume in coming.
Small volume:- is coming that is compulsory dry shoulder resound section

components before that. Still it is no volume. After change the sound IC.
The sound is not coming: – Check the sound drivers in correctly installed or not.
Sound drivers are successfully installed still the sound is not coming replace the
sound connector.
LAN PORT
LAN (PORT) TROUBLE SHOOTING
The Internet is not coming. It’s checking the LAN settings still check the LAN cable is
working or not. Check the LAN drivers incorrectly installed or not.
Not:- LAN IC problem LAN drivers are not installing check the continuity to the LAN
IC. Minimum 4 pins worked or not still the problem is not solved replace the LAN
connector.
LPT1 ( local printer terminal/ parallel port)
Mother board side Printer SIdeOut

inOut InIn outIn
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OutIn out In
OutOut inOut InIn
outOut IinIn
out
Pin no signal description
1 Strobe
2 to 9 data signal
10 acknowledge
11 busy
12 paper end
13 select
14 auto feed
15 error
16 INIT
17 select
18 to 25 Ground
Midi or Game Port:
1)+5V 6) Joystick 11)joystick direction
2)joystick button 7)joystick button 12) out
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3)joystick direction 8)+5v 13)joystick direction
4)the ground 9)joystick button 14)MIDI in
MIDI ——Musical instrument digital interface
MIDI:
MIDI is the language spoken among musical instruments and computers.MIDI is not
audio signal, multimedia presentation that gives MIDI are more professional
sounding and easier to create. They also are more efficient because the file sizes are
smaller and therefore require less resolves to press the data. The PC needs a MIDI
interface to translate MIDI data to binary data.
Normally a MIDI interface is available with sound cards.
Pin SATA Data Pin Out
Pin number Signal name
1. Ground
2. A+
3. A-
4. Ground
5. B-
6. B+
7. Ground
1 DV1 Digital video interface
2 DV1-1 Digital video interface- integrated digital &analog
3 DV1-A Digital video interface — analog
4 TMDS Transmission Minimized differential signaling
DVI TO LCD MONITOR
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Pin no signal
1. TDMS Data 2-
2. TDMS Data 2+
3. TDMS Data 2/4 shield
4. TDMS Data 4+
5. TDMS Data 4-
6. DDC clock
7. DDC data
8. Analog vertical sync
9. TDMS data 1-
10. TDMA data 1+
11. TDMS data ½
12. TDMS data 3-
13. TDMS data 3+
14. +5V
15. GROUND
16. Hot plug detect
17. TDMS data 0-
18. TDMS data 0+
19. TDMS data 0/5 shield
20. NILL
21. NILL
22. NILL
23. TDMS clock +
24. TDMS clock –
C2 Analog Green
C3 Analog Blue
C4 Analog Horizontal sync
C5 Analog Ground
34 pin floppy disk drive pin out
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Pin number Description
1. Ground
2. Standard density
3. Ground
4. In use /Head loan
5. Ground
6. Drive select 3
7. Ground
8. Index
9. Ground
10. Drive select 0
11. Ground
12. Drive select 1
13. Ground
14. Drive select 2
15. Ground
16. Motor on
17. Ground
18. Direction
19. Ground
20. Step
21. Ground
22. Write data
23. Ground
24. Write gate
25. Ground
26. Track 00
27. Ground
28. Write protect
29. Ground
30. Read data
31.
32. Side select
33. Ground
34. Disk change/Ready
40 pin IDE connector
Pin number Signal function
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1. key
2. Ground
3. Data 15
4. Data 0
5. Data 14
6. Data1
7. Data 13
8. data 12
9. data 3
10. data 11
11. data 4
12. data 10
13. data 5
14. data 9
15. data 6
16. data 8
17. data 7
18. ground
19. Reset
20.
21. DMARQ
22. GROUND
23. I/O Write data
24. Ground
25. I/O read data
26. Ground
27. I/O channel ready
28. Un used
29. DMA acknowledge
30. Ground
31. IRQ
32. Host 16- bit
34 passed diagnostics
35 DAO
36 DA2
37 Host chip select 0
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38 Host chip selects 1
39 Drive Active
40 Ground
SMPS (Switch Mode power supply)
ATX SMPS 24 Pin Connector Voltage
1. +3.3v 3.3v
2. +3.3v -12v
3. Ground Ground
4. +5v Power on
5. Ground Ground
6. +5v Ground
7. Ground Ground
8. Power good (+5v) -5v
9. Standby (+5v) +5v
10. +12v +5v
Orange – +3.3v
Red – +5v
White – -5v
Yellow – +12V
Blue – 12v
Green – Power on
Violet – Power good
Ayash – Stand by
Black – Ground
28 pin connector voltage (24+4only)
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+12v +5v
+3.3v Ground
Before power on the SMPS Circuit
Standby voltage +5v and power on voltage +5v is coming to the power connector.
After power on the SMPS circuit
The power on voltage becomes to “0.00” and reaming all the output voltage
comes to the power connector.
Intel 845. Motherboard Power section “BEFORE” Power on the Motherboard
1.
2. Intel 845. Motherboard Power section “AFTER” Power on the

Motherboard
3. SQUARE BIOS
4.
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5. 1pin is dummy pin2pin is reset voltage (+2.5v to 3.3v)32pin is primary energy

(+3.3v)31pin is clock signal (1.2v to 1.6v in multi miter)5to 13pins and 30 pins,
3pin 4pins there are address pins 14th to 29th pins theses all are data pins845
Motherboard power section before power on the Motherboard
1. Standby voltage +5v and power on voltage +5v is coming to the power
connector.
2. Standby voltage is given to the One transistor.
3. Transistor input voltage is (+5v) and Output voltage I (+3.3v) and (2.0v).
4. Two voltages is given to the register through the ground.
5. 3.3v is given to the “COMS” jumper setting nearest capacitor the capacitor
shows +2.9v to 3.3v.
6. 3v is given to the SOUTH BRIDGE closest one capacitor more than one
capacitor also shows +3.3v it is working but at lost one capacitor shows
3.3v then SOUTH BRIDGE is working fine.
7. Standby voltage +5v is given to the power store pin nearest capacitor.
Through that capacitor, the +5v is given to the power start pin.
8. The power on voltage +5v is given to the SMD IC nearest capacitor
through this capacitor the power +5v is given to the SOUTH BRIDGE most
adjacent crystal in multi-meter it shows 0.2v to 0.9v.
845 Motherboard power section After power on the Motherboard
1. The power voltage becomes to “0.00.”

2. The power good voltage +5v is given to the “SMD IC.”
3. The SMD IC input voltage is +5v and output voltages are +3.3v, +2.5v,
+5v, +1.6v or +1.8v.
4. The square BIOS primary voltage is +3.3 it shows at 32pin.
5. The square BIOS reset voltage is +2.5v to +3.3v it shows at 2pin.
6. The square BIOS clock signals voltage is shown in Multimeter 1.2v to 1.6v
at 31st pin
7. The CLOCK IC Main voltage is 3.3v and clock signal voltage is shown in
Multimeter 1.2v to 1.6v
8. Southbridge and NORTH BRIDGE Main voltage is +3.3v and reset voltage
is 1.6v to 1.8v
845 Motherboard PROCESSOR SECTION
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845 Motherboard “RAM” SECTION
DDR 1 RAM SLOT VOLTAGE
Ram Voltage +3.3V (92pin)
Reset Voltage +2.5V (Notch beside 2nd pin)
Data Voltage 1.2V to 1.6V (1st pin)
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PCI SLOTS
Any Motherboard PCI slots voltage is same.
IDE PORT
In same of the boards IED port, all tracks are given to the South bride. Directly
or through resistor pack. Conduction
TROUBLESHOOTING NO POWER CONDUCTION
NO Power or Motherboard is not power is not power on.
1. Check the standby voltage and (+5v). And a power on voltage (+5v) is
coming or not in the power connector.
2. The standby voltage is given to the TRANSISTOR or FET, or VOLTAGE IC.
3. Check the input voltage output voltage of the components (FET,
TRANSISTOR) input voltage is +5 output voltage
4. Check the CMOS Jumper setting is properly connected or not and check
the voltage of the jumper setting (2.9v to 3.3v)
5. Check the south bridge nearest (3.3v)
6. Check the power start pin voltage (+5v) in the same of the motherboard
voltage (3.3v)
7. Check the SMD IC input voltage (+5v)
8. Check the south bridge nearest CRYSTAL in multi-meter it shows (0.2v to
0.9v)
9. Check the processor section (12v) FET is not working then processor FAN is
one siècle it will be rotating and stop.
10. Check the north bridge and south bridge nearest capacitors.
11. Check the LAN IC is short or not.
12. Check all the motherboard FET and POLARIZED CAPACITORS was working
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or not.
13. Check with another BIOS the motherboard is on conduction that problem
14. Finally replays the SMD IC
TROUBLE SHOOTING
SYSTEM AUTOMATICALLY HANGING OR RESTARTING OR SHUTDOWN.
1. Go to BIOS setting and observe the same time in BIOS setting.

2. In the BIOS setting the system is hanging or restarting or Shutdown that is
the hardware problem.
3. In the BIOS setting the system is not hanging or not restarting or not
Shutdown that is the software problem.
HARDWARE PROBLEM SULSTON
Showdown, Restarting, Hanging.
1. Check with another SMPS.

2. Check with another RAM.
3. Check with another processor FAN.
4. Check with another BIOS.
5. Verify the processor section and RAM section voltage.
6. Check all the polarized capacitors is working or not.
7. Check the BIOS voltages and CLOCK IC voltages.
8. Check the south bridge and north bridge main voltage and reset voltage
(1.6v to 1.8v)
NO DISPLAY
Board on condition but no display.
1. Check the monitor is working or not monitor is working is fine.

2. Check the COMS jumper setting is correctly connecting or not.
3. The jumper setting is the 1 and 2.
4. Clear the BIOS setting.
5. Check the RAM and RAM slots are working or not.
6. Check the SMPS all the voltage is coming correctly or not.
Note:- All the voltages are coming except power good then board is on but
no display.
7. Check the processor is heating or not.

8. Check with another processor FAN.
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9. Check the processor section voltages and RAM section voltages.

10. Check with another VGA card hear the display is coming than that is the
VGA port side problem.
11. Check with another VGA card also till the no display.
12. Check the BIOS voltages and another BIOS.
13. Check the CLOCK IC voltages.
14. Check the SMD IC is an input voltage output voltage.
15. Check the southbridge and northbridge voltage.
16. Check the entire board FETS or POLARIZED capacitors is working or not.
(northbridge problem)
915 Motherboard Power section “BEFORE” Power on
915 Motherboard Power section “AFTER” Power on
915 Motherboard Processors section.
6.
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7. 915 Motherboard RAM section.
DG31 MOTHERBOARD “BEFORE” POWER ON THE MOTHERBOARD.
DG31 MOTHERBOARD “AFTER” POWER ON THE MOTHERBOARD.
8. DG31 MOTHERBOARD PROCESSOR SECTION.

9.
10. DG31 MOTHERBOARD “RAM” SECTION.
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11. Hardware Troubleshooting Pc Boot Problems: (beep codes)
indicator system status
no beeps – no power loose cord, or short.
1 short beep – normal post computer is ok.
2 short beep – post error review screen for error code.
continuous beep – no power loose cord, or short.
repeating short beep – no

loose card, or short.
power
one long and one short

motherboard issue.
beep
one long and two short

video (mono/VGA display circuitry) issue.
beeps
one long and three short

video (VGA) display circuitry.
beeps
three long beep keyboard / keyboard card error.
blank or incorrect display video display

one beep
circuitry.
Problem With Power Supply Or CPU Chips: make sure the power connector
is connected correctly and fitted firmly in the motherboard socket, some
motherboards require two connectors from the power supply, refer to
motherboard manual. if the problem persists try using a different power
supply. check CPU fan, remove a chip and clear dust, make sure it is mounted
properly. Video Card Problem: remove video card and inspect for cracks or
bad connectors. make sure the video card mounted correctly in the slot, try
using a different video card.
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Abbreviations
1. DMA Direct memory access

2. PGA pin grid array
3. BGA ball grid array
4. FDD Floppy disk drive
5. CGA color graphic adaptor
6. VGA video graphic adapter
7. AGP accelerated graphic port
8. PCI peripheral component interface
9. ISA industrial standard architecture
10. MCA micro channel architecture
11. EISA extended industry standard architecture
12. CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
13. BIOS basic input output system
14. USB universal serial bus
15. MIPS millions of instructions per second
16. MBPS mega bytes per second
17. SMD surface mounted device
18. IRQ interrupt request
19. IBM international business machine
20. AMD advanced micro device
21. SIMM single inline memory module
22. DIMM double inline memory module
23. RIMM rambus inline memory module
24. AMR audio modem racer
25. CNR communication network racer
26. ACR advanced communicated racer
27. NIC network interface card
28. LAN local area network
29. ATA advanced technology extended
30. FWH firm ware hub
31. AT advanced technology
32. UDMA ultra direct memory access control
In server side used 94 pins
SIDE A
Pin number Signal
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1 Ground
2 +12v
5 VCC
8 VCC
10 VCC
12 GROUND
13 GROUND
16 VCC
18 GROUND
21 +3.3V
24 GROUND
27 +3.3V
30 GROUND
33 +3.3V
35 GROUND
37 GROUND
39 +3.3V
42 GROUND
45 +3.3V
48 GROUND
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53 +3.3V
56 GROUND
59 VCC
61 VCC
62 VCC
SIDE B
Pin number Signal
1 -12v
3 ground
5 vcc
6 vcc
12 ground
13 ground
15 ground
17 ground
19 vcc
22 ground
25 +3.3v
28 ground
31 +3.3v
34 ground
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36 +3.3v
38 ground
41 +3.3v
43 +3.3v
46 ground
49 ground
54 +3.3v
57 ground
59 vcc
61 vcc
62 vcc
AGP Bus connector
SIDE A
+12 V——–pin no 1
VCC ——–pin no 9,16,28,45
GND ——- pin no 5,13,19,31,37,43,49,55,61
SIDE B
+5 V———2,3
VCC ——-5,13,19,13,31,37,,43,49,55,61.
CNR connector
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SIDE A
+12V——pin no 16
+3.3v —–pin no 18
+5v —–pin no 19
GND —–pin 3,6,9,14,17,20.
SIDE B
+12V—–18
+5V——-15
+3.3V—–19
GND——-4,7,10,13,17,20,23,27.
Mother board spare parts numbers
Small FET’s
HJ882
NIKOP3055L
9916H
APL1084
NIKOL1085
Alpha AS 2830
761070
PH 3055L
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23NO3L
DI802
NIKO P45NO2L
DI202
AMS 1085
F3055L
40N03
3055
NIKO 1084
NIKO 1085
Big FET’s
3 LEADS — AMS1084
5 LEADS—–E31FG UNISCAN
AMS 1084
AM 1505
2 LEADS—–
1. CETCEB 60302CET60NO35CETL31035NECK3296PHB 55 NO3LAAPL

LO85F37115F37045MTB 1306MOR OCCO 3620L55N FO5L
MOUSE IC
GD 75232 (P-III Boards)
St 75182 ( Old boards(12v)
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Mini voltage IC
ADP 3163
ADP 3168
RT 9248
ADP 3160
ADP 3165
W 81301R
DISPLAY IC
IDT 74FST
ST 3384
PISC 38610
CMD 0317
MIP 6008 CB
RT 9602
8 PIN IC
ADP 3418
SC 1205
AD 33416
ADP 3412
ADP 3148 K
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VIA chip
AT 82C58 VP
SMSC
FDC 37M62
FDC 37C669
SM4
SM46
SM 5C
TTL IC 14 PIN
LX 1662 CP
LX 74HCT
LX74HC
LM324
HCT 14
HC 14
HIP 6302CB
MI049 F9302
SMD IC
Winbond company
W83877
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W836274
W8 3697 HF
SMART 716
W8 3637 HF
W8 3977 EF
833297
8326
8267
ITE Company
8660
8661
8612
8712f
87110
8711
86611
87112gxi
87112FX2
97112BX2
8705
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8705 FXS
FAN IC
24 Pins
RT-9222
CM 2637
SCM 86CSW
SC 1185
SC 1189
28 PINS
HIP 6019 DCB
HIP 6020 CB
HIP
6021 CB
RT 9229
RT 9243
Phase tink
Malasiya 6916
156524 CB
US 3007 CW
US 3004 CW
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RT 9231
RT 9237
20 Pins
Raythem 7c5051
Rt 9241
Sc 2433w
Limifinity LX 1665
Unisem 3004 cw
Unisem 3007 cm
CM 2635
CM 2633
SC 2433
SC 1153
LP 93AGRC5054
Supplies in Mother Board spare parts
+3.3v +5v +12v -5v -12v
PCI Key board PCI ISA CNR
AGP Mouse AGP
CNR USB CNR
SMD IC Game port CPU fan
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Southbridge VGA 8 pin IC
Processor FDD
RAM slot IDE
IDF Procesor
Crystal IC south bridge
+5v
BIOS
CNR
SMD IC
PCI SLOT
ISA SLOT
FET
BIOS (basic input output system)
Features of BIOS
1. CPU support
2. Chipset support
3. Memory support
4. Power management
5. drive support
6. PC 2007 operating system support
7. Boot versatility support
8. parallel port supports
9. plug and play support
10. PCI & AGP support
11. USB support
12. Antivirus support
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Beep codes for general identifications
1. one short beep when display logo

Solution: no error during POST ( power on self-test)
1. long beep in an endless loop
Solution: NO RAM installed or RAM not detected
2 One long beep followed by 3 short beeps
Solution: video card not detected or not found
3: High-frequency beeps when system is working
Solution: CPU overheated system running at a lower frequency.
PHOENIX BIOS BEEP COEDS
Beep codes Problems
1,1,3( short) CMOS chip
1,1,4(short) BIOS failure
1,2,4(short) mother board
1,2,3 (short) mother board
1,4,2(short) memory module (RAM)
3,2,4(short) key board controller
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1,2,1 system time error
2,,x,x(short) chipset error
3,3,4(short) video adaptor problem
4,2,4(short) expansion card failure
4,3,4(short) time of day clock failure
4,4,1(short) serial port error
4,4,2(short) parallel port error
4,4,3(short) co processor error
Standard IBM BIOS Beep codes
Beep codes Problem
No beeps power supply or system boot failure
One short beep post is ok
Two short beeps post error with error code display on a screen
Repeating short beeps power supply or system boot failure
1 long & 1 short beeps system boot error
1 long & 2 short beeps video display adapter failure
1 long &2 short beeps video display adapter error
3 long beeps keyboard error
AMI BIOS Beeps codes
Beep codes Problems
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1 short beeps post is ok
2 short beeps memory failure
3 short beeps memory or parity failure
4 short beeps system time failure ( the system clock timer
chip has failed)
5 short beeps motherboard failure
6 short beeps keyboard controller failure
7 short beeps CPU failure
8 short beeps video adapter failure
9 short beeps ROM BIOS check some error
10 short beeps CMOS read& write error
11 short beeps cache memory error
1 long, 3 short beeps memory failure
1 long, 8 short beeps video adapter failure
Award BIOS beep codes
Beep codes Problems
1 long beep memory error
1 long, 2 short beeps video error
1 long,3 short beeps video failure
Continuous memory or video failure
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PROCESSOR SPEED & OPERATING VOLTAGE
Model Processor type CPU speed Voltage
Intel 486 sx,486 dx, 66 MHZ,100MZ 5V,3.3V
486 dx2,dx4
Cyrex
AMD 486 DX, 486 DX4 100MHZ 3.3V
Intel P-1 old 75 MHZ to 133MHZ 3.3V
p-1 166MHZ to 233 MHZ 2.8V
Cyrex
IBM P-1 pro 200 to 333 MHZ 2.9V
AMD P-1 K6 350 to 550MHZ 2.2V to 3V
Intel P-11 266 MHZ to 350MHZ 2V
Intel P-111 400V to 1.2V 7V,1.6V
Inetl P-1V 1.5 GHZ to 2.7GHZ 1.6V
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printed circuit board” and it is Manufacturer with Epoxy Material.Motherboard of

1. In the desktop motherboard, (or) laptop motherboard, minimum, and

2. In the motherboard server minimum one processor (and) maximum 64 and

The desktop motherboard again classified into four types

810, 810E, 815, 820

845, 865, 915, 945, 965, DG31, DG33, DG41, DG45

P-III Mother board’s Identification

1. It is having AT power supply>> 6+6=12 pins connector & It is having ATX

5. It has floppy disk drive >>34 pins connector

It has AMR slot >> it is brown color>> having 64 bits

1. It has slot processor and socket processor

Slot no.1 – 242 pin

Slot no.2 – 330 pin

P-IV Mother board’s Identification

1. It has PCI slot >>it is WHITE color >>having 32 bit or yellow

1. It has ATX SMPS 20 pin (or) 24 pin (or) 28 pin connector.

Socket No- 423

Socket No- 478

Socket No- 775

Socket No- 462

Socket No- 939

Socket No- 752

PCI: – Peripheral connector interface.

Pin- Express (or) Extended peripheral connector interface.

AGP: – the Accelerated Graphic Port.

AMR: – Audio modem raiser.

CNR: – Communication network raiser.

MANU FETCHER CAMPINESS OR SOUTHBRIDGE AND NORTHBRIDGE

SMD IC: – Surface mountain drives integrated cruet

The SMD IC Dun by 3. Functions

1. Power management function

MANU FETCHER CAMPINESS ARE SMD IC

RISC: – Red used instruction set control

CISC: – Complex instruction set to control

CRISC: – Complex red used instruction set control

RISC PROCESSOR:- Single take;

Ex:- (1+1) (2+1) (3+1) =4

RISC Processor and CISC Processor used Desktop and Laptop.

MANUFACTURE COMPANIES OF MICRO PROCESSORS ARE

NATIONAL SEMY CONDECTOR

P-I, P-II, P-III, P-III Celeron, P-IV, P-IV Celeron, Cetrino

CISC Processers (Desktop and Laptop)

Dual core, Dore2 Dual, Core i3, Core i5, Core i7

Based on the Physical Stretcher Micro Processor or 2types

In that socket, Processor also 2 types

PGA – Pin grid array

LGA – Line grid array

BIOS:- Basic Input Output system

1. Identification of components whatever the devices the motherboard

Based on the physical structure BIOS is 3 types

1. Horizontal BIOS (or) Flat BIOS – of pins

Manufacturer companies (or) BIOS Chip

MANUFACTURE COMPANIES (OR) BIOS PROGRAMS

SD RAM:- 84+84 168 pins two notches 3.3v

DDR1 RAM:- 92+92 184 pins one notches 2.5v

DDR2 RAM:- 120+120 240 pins one notches 1.8v

DDR3 RAM:- 120+120 240 pins one notches 1.5v

DDR-1——200 MHZ TO 400 MHZ——-having 184 pins

DDR 11—–400MHZ TO 800 MHZ——–having 240 pins