Multiple Choice Questions

LEVEL 1
10. What will be the charge on the atom containing
Level-1 17 protons and 18 electrons?
1. Who discovered proton? a. –1 b. +1
a. Goldstein b. Rutherford c. –2 d. +2
c. Mendeleev d. Thomson 11. Isotopes have the same number of:
2. How many numbers of electrons can be accommo- a. Protons
dated in ‘N’ shell:
b. Protons and neutrons
a. 18 b. 16
c. Neutrons
c. 32 d. 2
d. Protons, neutrons and electrons
3. Element oxygen has a valency of:
12. How many electrons can be accomodated in the
a. 2 b. 1
third shell of an atom ?
c. 3 d. 8
a. 18 b. 8
4. Proton has a mass:
c. 16 d. 28
a. Less than the mass of hydrogen atom
13. Cathode rays are:
b. Equal to the mass of hydrogen atom
a. Negatively charged particles
c. Equal to the mass of oxygen atom.
b. Positively charged particles
d. More than the mass of hydrogen atom
5. What is that part of an atom called, where nearly c. Neutral particles
whole mass is concentrated? d. None of these
a. Extra-nuclear part b. Atom 14. Which among the following particles is not deflected
c. Nucleus d. Electron by a magnetic field?
6. Find the number of neutrons present in the element a. Neutron b. Proton
9
4 Be is: c. Electron d. None of these
a. 4 b. 13 15. Which among the following does not contain
c. 6 d. 5 neutrons?
7. Select the element from the given options, having a. Helium b. Hydrogen
same number of protons, electrons and neutrons: c. Lithium d. Boron
a. Mg b. Al 16. Select the correct electronic configuration of Mg
c. Cl d. P atom:
8. In 1932, a sub-atomic particle which had no charge a. 3, 8, 1 b. 1, 8, 3
and a mass nearly equal to that of a proton was
c. 2, 8, 2 d. 2, 2, 8
discovered by J. Chadwick. What was the name
given to that sub-atomic particle? 17. The first Atomic model was proposed by:
a. Electron b. Neutron a. J.J. Thomson b. N. Bohr
c. Proton d. -particle c. Rutherford d. John Dalton
9. Select the element/s from the given options which 18. There are 3 protons and 4 neutrons present in an
contain/s only two electrons in their outermost shell: atom, valency of the atom will be:
a. Helium b. Beryllium a. 3 b. 8
c. Calcium d. All of these c. 4 d. 1
 19. Which among the following isotopes is used in the
nuclear power plants to generate electricity? Level-I1
a. Uranium 238 b. Uranium 235 1. Select the incorrect statement/s about the structure of
c. Carbon 12 d. Iodine 131 an atom:
20. Which of the following helps to prevent an atom (i) Atom as a whole is electrically neutral
from being collapsed? (ii) Atom is an indivisible particle i.e. they cannot
a. The electron-electron repulsions be further divided into subatomic particles.
b. The electron-electron attraction forces (iii) Whole mass of an atom is concentrated in the
c. Movement of electrons in discrete energy levels nucleus
d. All of these (iv) All of these
21. Chemical behaviour of an element is determined by: Choose the right option among the following:
a. Valency of an element a. (ii) and (iv) b. Only (ii)
b. Molar mass of the element c. (i) and (iii) d. Only (iv)
c. Size of an element
2. There are two atomic species named as X and Y:
d. Both (b) and (c)
22. Concept of fixed energy levels around the nucleus
Atom No. of protons No. of neutrons
was given by:
X 8 10
a. Neils Bohr b. Ernest Rutherford
Y 8 8
c. J.J.Thomsan d. E. Goldstein
23. Which of the following radioactive element is used Which of the following statements is correct about X
in the treatment of cancer? and Y?
a. Iodine-131 b. Uranium-234 a. X and Y are isobars
c. Cobalt-60 d. Uranium-238 b. X and Y have different physical properties
24. Electronic configuration of Ca2+ is shown by: c. X and Y have different chemical properties
a. Ar b. He d. X and Y are the atoms of different elements
c. F d. Ne 3. In the nuclues of 4020Ca , there are
25. An atom of an element has atomic number equals to
a. 40 protons and 20 electrons
3, it is likely to have similar chemical properties to
the element having atomic number: b. 20 protons and 40 electrons
a. 5 b. 7 c. 20 protons and 20 neutrons
c. 11 d. 20 d. 20 protons and 40 neutrons
26. Maximum number of electrons that can be 4. An anion has a negative charge because:
accommodated in any orbit is given by: a. It has more protons than neutrons
a. 2n2 b. 4n2 b. It has more electrons than protons
c. 1/2 n2 d. None of these c. It has fewer electrons than protons
27. Select the ion having the same number of electrons d. None of these
as an oxide ion (O2–) ion:
5. Which among the following options are true for an
a. Mg2+ b. S2– element?
c. Cl– d. Ca2+ (i) Atomic number = no. of protons + no. of
28. Number of valence electrons present in the valence electrons
shell of calcium is: (ii) Atomic number = no. of protons = no. of
a. 6 b. 2 electrons
c. 8 d. 5 (iii) Mass number = no. of protons + no. of neutrons
2+
29. Mg ion is isoelectronic with : (iv) All of these
a. Li+ b. Na+ a. (i) and (ii) b. (i) and (iii)
2+ 2+
c. Ca d. Ba c. (ii) and (iii) d. Only (iv)
STRUCTURe OF THe ATOM 153
 6. Which among the following options will show the 13. Why do the majority of elements try to be a part in
electronic configuration equivalent to K+ ? the chemical reactions?
a. H b. Ar (i). To loose more electrons
c. He d. Al (ii). To complete their octet
7. A molecule has the formula X2. If the number of (iii). To achieve noble gas configuration
nucleons present in an atom of X are 19 and if each
molecule of X2 contains 18 protons. Find the number (iv). To gain more electrons
of neutrons present in one atom of X. Choose the correct option among the following
a. 1 b. 20 a. Both (i) & (iii) b. Both (i) & (iv)
c. 10 d. 18 c. Only (ii) d. Both (ii) & (iii)
8. Structures of nuclei of three atoms A, B and C are
14. Select the correct statement which is a property of
given below:
isotopes :
A has 90 protons and 146 neutrons
(1) Isotopes have the same number of protons.
B has 92 protons and 146 neutrons
(2) Isotopes of an element have different chemical
C has 90 protons and 148 neutrons
properties
Based on the above data, which of these atoms are
isotopes and which are isobars? (3) Physical properties of the isotopes of an element
a. A and C are isotopes; B and C are isobars are same.
b. A and B are isotopes; A and C are isobars (4) Isotopes have the same mass number.
c. B and C are isobars; A and B are isotopes a. (1) only b. (2) ans (3)
d. A and C are isotopes; A and B are isobars c. (1) and (4) d. All of these
9. The atomic number of an element is 11 and its mass 15. Select the pair of isobars from the following species.
number is 23. 87 85 87 86 88
The correct order representing the number of 17 A, 17 B, 18 C, 18 D, 19 A

electrons, protons and neutrons respectively in this a. A and B b. A and C

atom is c. C and E d. C and D
a. 11, 11, 12 b. 11, 12, 11
16. Which of the following element has the last electron
c. 12, 11, 11 d. 23, 11, 23 present in the N shell?
10. In Rutherford’s experiment of atomic model, he used
a. Potassium b. Sodium
the beam of:
a. -particles which striked on gold foil and got c. Chlorine d. Oxygen
scattered
b. F-rays which striked on a metal foil and ejected Assertion & Reason Type Questions
electrons
c. -particles which striked on the metal foil and got Direction (Q1 to Q5): In the following questions, a
absorbed statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason.
d. None of these. Mark the correct choice.
11. Atom X and atom Y show similar chemical properties. a. Both A and R are individually true and R is the
If number of protons present in atom X is 12 then correct explanation of A:
find the number of protons present in atom Y.
b. Both A and R are individually true but R is not the
a. 20 b. 13 correct explanation of A.
c. 18 d. 10
c. A is true but R is false
12. Which among the following statements is a postulate
of Bohr’s Atomic model? d. A is false but R is true
a. A nucleus is present in the centre of the atom 1. Assertion: Isotopes are the atoms of different
b. Neutrons are present deep inside the nucleus elements with same mass number but different
c. Electrons revolve in certain specific orbits known atomic numbers
as discrete orbits of electrons around the nucleus. Reason: Cathode rays can penetrate through thin
d. All of these sheets.
 2. Assertion: Isotopes are species with same atomic
number but different mass number.
Reason: Isotopes of an element have same physical
properties.
3. Assertion: Atom as a whole is electrically neutral.
Reason: Neutron is present in the nucleus of an
atom.
4. Assertion: Different valencies are shown by the
isotopes of an element.
Reason: The sum of protons and neutrons, in the
isobars is always same.
5. Assertion: In Rutherford’s experiment, a few
positively charged -particles were deflected.
Reason: Most of the space in the atom is empty.
Case-Based Type Questions
Cased-Based-I: When sub-atomic particles like protons
and electrons were discovered, it was required to understand
where these particles should be placed inside the atom, that
is, what is the model of an atom. From time to time, different
atomic models like Thomson’s model, Rutherford’s model,
Bohr’s model etc. were introduced. How the electrons are
distributed around the nucleus in different atomic shells
was given by Bohr’s Atomic Model of an atom.
1. Electrons were discovered by:
a. E. Goldstein b. J.J. Thomson
c. Rutherford d. None of these
2. Select the correct statement about Thomson’s model
of atom.
a. Revolving electrons do not radiate energy and
continue to revolve in the same orbit.
b. It is a sphere of positive charge in which number
of electrons were embedded sufficient enough to
neutralize the positive charge.
c. It is a sphere of negative charge and positive
charges were present on the boundary of the sphere
to neutralize the negative charge
d. None of the above is correct
3. Which of the following is not correct about Bohr’s
model?
a. Electrons are revolving around the nucleus in
stationary states
b. The whole mass of the atom is concentrated in the
nucleus and electrons have negligible mass
c. Ground state of an atom means a state of the atom
with lowest energy
d. While revolving in discrete orbits the electrons do
not radiate energy.
Cased-Based-II: The biggest limitation of Rutherford’s
Atomic Model was that it failed to explain the stability of
the atom. Rutherford’s Model suggested that the electrons,
revolve around the nucleus in circular paths. But, the circular
motion is known to be accelerated. During acceleration,
charged particles would radiate energy. Thus, the revolving
electron would lose energy and finally fall into the nucleus.
This limitation of Rutherford’s Atomic Model was
overcomed by Bohr’s Atomic Model proposed by Neil’s
Bohr. Bohr’s Model suggested that electrons revolve around
the nucleus in certain special orbits known as discrete orbits
of electrons having fixed or quantized energy. Also, while
revolving in discrete orbits the electrons do not radiate
energy.
1. The reason, why the atom remains stable and the
electrons do not fall into the nucleus is
a. Electrons do not lose or radiate energy in a
particular orbit
b. Nucleus contains electrons
c. There is no attraction between electrons and
protons
d. There is no space in the nucleus
2. Which scientist gave the names and order of energy
levels K, L, M, N or 1, 2, 3, 4?
a. Rutherford b. Dalton
c. Neils Bohr d. J.J Thomson
3. The orbits are also called as energy level according
to Bohr’s postulates because
a. Each orbit has fixed energy
b. All orbits have fixed energy
c. Electrons do not radiate energy
d. None of these
Cased-Based-III: The masses of protons and neutrons
present in the nucleus of an atom determines the mass of
an atom. Since, the relative masses of neutrons and protons
are approximately equal to 1, hence the atomic mass of
an element should be approximately a whole number.
But the atomic masses of some elements are found to be
fractional in many cases, the reason behind this is because
elements exist as a mixture of different isotopes in nature.
Hence, the atomic mass of an element is equal to the
average of the atomic masses of these isotopes in the ratio
of their proportion in which they occur.
1. Two isotopes of an element have atomic masses
10 and 11. Find the % abundance of two isotopes in
the sample which has atomic mass equal to 10.80.
a. 20, 80 b. 50, 50
c. 15, 40 d. 60, 40
 2. The reason for fractional atomic masses of elements
is because of the existence of Multi Correct MCQ's
a. Isotopes having different masses 1. Which of the following statement(s) is/are the
b. Diagonal relationship conclusion(s) of Rutherford’s -scattering experiment?
c. Equal number of electrons and protons a. A positively charged sphere present at the centre
d. Repulsion between electrons and protons of an atom is called nucleus.
3. In nature, Cl exists in two isotopic forms with b. Each orbit is associated with fixed amount of
atomic masses 35 u and 37 u in the ratio of 3 : 1 energy.
respectively. Find the atomic mass of chlorine. c. The size of the nucleus is very small as compared
a. 35.5u b. 36.5 u to the size of the atom.
c. 35 u d. 36 u d. The electrons revolve around the nucleus in
circular paths.
Cased-Based-IV: Electron capacity of the shell is defined
as the maximum number of electrons that can be present 2. Which of the following species has/have similar
in an energy shell of an atom. Bohr-Bury scheme is the properties with that of hydrogen?
scheme which governs the distribution of electrons in a. Protium b. Tritium
different shells or orbits. Electrons are accommodated in c. Proton d. Deuterium
the shells or orbits in increasing order of energy of the 3. Fundamental particles of an atom are:
energy shell in a stepwise manner.
a. Neutrons b. Electrons
1. Name the element having electronic configuration K-
2, L-8, M-3. c. Protons d. None of these
a. Aluminium b. Silicon 4. Select the correct statement/s about isotopes:
c. Sodium d. Beryllium a. Isotopes of an element have same atomic number
2. The maximum electron capacity of M shell is b. Isotopes of an element have different atomic
numbers
a. 16 b. 8
c. Isotopes of an element have different mass numbers
c. 18 d. 32
d. Isotopes of an element have same mass numbers
3. The electronic configuration which represent Na is
5. Nucleus contain:
a. 2, 8, 4 b. 2, 8, 5
a. Neutrons b. Electrons
c. 2, 8, 8 d. 2, 8, 1
c. Protons d. Negative radicals
Cased-Based-V: Answer questions (1) to (3) on the basis
of following table in which the elements A, B, C and D are
hypothetical. Olympiad & NTSE Type Questions
35
Element Protons Electrons Neutrons 1. Cl and 37Cl are the two isotopes of chlorine, in
A 9 10 10 the ratio 3 : 1 respectively. If the isotope ratio is
B 19 18 20 reversed, the average atomic mass of chlorine will
be – [NTSE 2017]
C 26 26 30
D 15 15 16 a. 35.0 u b. 35.5 u

1. Mass number of element C is c. 36.0 u d. 36.5 u

a. 48 b. 72 2. How many sub-atomic particles are present in an
-particle used in Rutherford’s scattering experiment?
c. 26 d. 56
[NTSE 2015]
2. Among the given, cation and anion respectively are.
No. of No. of No. of
a. B and C b. C and D
protons Neutrons Electrons
c. B and A d. D and A
a. 4 0 0
3. The electronic distribution of neutral A and D are
b. 2 0 2
respectively
c. 2 2 0
a. 2, 6 and 2, 8, 7 b. 2, 7 and 2, 8, 5
d. 2 2 1
c. 2, 8 d. 2, 8 and 2, 8, 4
3. Two elements A and B contains 13 and 8 protons 8. What is the maximum number of electrons that can
respectively. If the number of neutrons in them happen be accommodated in the outermost orbit?
to be 14 and 8 respectively, the formula unit mass [NTSE 2018-19]
for the compound between A and B unit would be: a. 2 b. 8
[NTSE 2014] c. 3 d. 18
a. 43 b. 75 9. Which of the following is incorrectly matched ?
1. Oxygen - Valency 2
c. 102 d. 112
2. Carbon-dating -Technique to know age of fossils
4. An atom of an element (X) has its K, L and M shells 3. Radio Co-60 - Treatment of tumours
filled with some electrons. It reacts with sodium 4. Chloride ion - 2, 8, 6 configuration
metal to form a compound NaX. The number of a. 1 and 2 b. 2 and 3
electrons in the M shell of the atom (X) will be c. Only 1 d. Only 4
[NTSE 2014]
10. The ion of an element has 3 positive charge, 27
a. Eight b. Seven mass number and 14 neutrons. Find the number of
c. Two d. One electrons in this ion. [NTSE 2018-19]
a. 13 b. 10
5. The correct order of increasing number of alpha
c. 14 d. 16
particles passing undeflected through the foils of
11. Isotopes of an element has [NTSE 2018-19]
Au, Ag, Cu and Al of 1000 atoms thickness each in
a simulated alpha particle scattering experiment of a. Same physical properties
Rutherford would be [NTSE 2018] b. Different chemical properties
c. Different number of neutrons
a. Au < Ag < Cu < Al b. Al < Cu < Ag < Au
d. Different atomic number
c. Au < Cu < Al < Ag d. Ag < Cu < Al < Au 12. The electronic configuration 2, 8, 6 represents
– element [NTSE 2019-20]
6. What is the electronic configuration of Cl ?
[NTSE 2015-2016] a. Calcium b. Sulphur
a. 2, 8, 7 b. 2, 8, 8 c. Oxygen d. Magnecium
13. The electronic configuration of an atom is 2, 8.
c. 2, 8, 6 d. 2, 8, 8, 1
Which of the following element has similar chemical
7. The four atomic species can be represented as given properties with it? [NTSE 2018-19]
below. Which among the given are isobars? a. N (7) b. F (9)
201 200
(i) 60
X (ii) 61
X c. P (15) d. Ar (18)
200 203
(iii) 58
X (iv) 60
X