RULES FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF

NAVAL SHIPS

Chapter 101 - Classification and Surveys

January 2022

This latest edition incorporates all rule changes. The latest revisions are shown with a
vertical line. The section title is framed if the section is revised completely. Changes after
the publication of the rule are written in red colour.

Unless otherwise specified, these Rules apply to ships for which the date of contract for
construction as defined in TL- PR 29 is on or after 1st of January 2022. New rules or
amendments entering into force after the date of contract for construction are to be applied
if required by those rules. See Rule Change Notices on TL website for details.

"General Terms and Conditions" of the respective latest edition will be applicable (see
Rules for Classification and Surveys).

If there is a difference between the rules in English and in Turkish, the rule in English is to
be considered as valid. This publication is available in print and electronic pdf version.
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 Contents

Chapter 101 – Classification and Surveys

Page
Section 1 – Classification
A. Scope , Application ........................................................................................................................................... 1-2
B. Rules, Guidelines and Regulations ................................................................................................................... 1-3
C. Definitions ......................................................................................................................................................... 1-3
D. Validity of Class ................................................................................................................................................ 1-4
E. Classification Procedures ................................................................................................................................. 1-7
F. Documents to be Carried on Board .................................................................................................................. 1-10

Section 2 – Class Designation

A. General, Definitions .......................................................................................................................................... 2-2
B. Characters of Classification .............................................................................................................................. 2-2
C. Notations ........................................................................................................................................................... 2-3

Section 3 – Surveys
A. General Indications ........................................................................................................................................... 3-2
B. Surveys for Maintenance of Class, Definitions, due Dates ............................................................................... 3-3
C. Performance and Scope of Periodical Surveys ................................................................................................. 3-11
D. Thickness Measurements and Corrosion Tolerances ...................................................................................... 3-28
E. Damage and Repair Surveys ........................................................................................................................... 3-32

Section 4 – General Information and Project Data

A. Scope ............................................................................................................................................................... 4-2
B. Basic Design Data for Initial Information ........................................................................................................... 4-2
C. Main Ship Parameters ...................................................................................................................................... 4-3
D. Production Standard ......................................................................................................................................... 4-4
E. Documents to be Submitted for Approval ......................................................................................................... 4-4
 AMENDMENTS

Revision RCS No. EIF Date*

Section 02 04/2023 01.01.2024

Section 02 02/2023 01.07.2023

* Entry into Force (EIF) Date is provided for general guidance only, EIF dates given in Rule Change Summary
(RCS) are considered valid. In addition to the above stated changes, editorial corrections may have been made.
 Section 1 - Classification 1-1

SECTION 1

CLASSIFICATION

Page
A. Scope, Application ............................................................................................................................................ 1-2
1. Scope, Prerequisites
2. Application
3. Confidentiality
B. Rules, Guidelines and Regulations.................................................................................................................. 1-3
1. TL Rules
2. Other Construction Rules and Maritime Regulations
3. Industry Codes, Standards, etc.
C. Definitions .......................................................................................................................................................... 1-3
1. Classification
2. Class Designation
3. Period of Class
4. Naval Authority
5. Naval Ship
6. Auxiliary Naval Ship
7. Shipyard
8. Building Specification
9. TL
10. Classification Specification
11. Client’s Responsibility
D. Validity of Class ................................................................................................................................................. 1-4
1. Period of Class
2. Prerequisites for Validity of Class
3. Repairs, Conversions
4. Class Expiry
5. Laid-Up Ships
6. Re-Admission to Class
E. Classification Procedures................................................................................................................................. 1-7
1. Classification of newbuildings
2. Admission to Class of Existing Ships
F. Documents to be Carried on Board ............................................................................................................... 1-10

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
 1-2 Section 1 - Classification A

A. Scope, Application indication of the Naval Authority and on legal or

contractual restrictions. However, influences from such
1. Scope, Prerequisites systems possibly affecting safety, e.g. static and
dynamic loads, explosion or fire hazards, shall be taken
1.1 The Rules for Classification and Surveys of into account in the design appraisal for Classification.
Naval Ships cover the Classification of naval surface
ships as defined in 2. and in Section 2, C. 1.5 Design appraisal within the Classification
procedure will normally include the review or
"Classification" essentially means the recalculation of stability investigations. This requires the
relevant information, on (e.g. combat-related) damages
- Examination of design documents, construction to be taken into account, to be submitted by the Naval
plans and material specifications in comparison Authority.
with the applicable Rules, Guidelines and
Regulations according to B. 1.6 It is assumed that all parties involved in the
planning and design, materials and components
- Supervision of construction/fabrication of new production and installation have the professional
buildings or conversions. qualifications required and/or suitable
facilities/equipment for fabrication. This will normally be
- Supervision of ships in service by regular surveys established or confirmed by means of a certified quality
in order to ascertain that a condition is maintained, assurance management system in accordance with ISO
which complies with Class requirements. See also 9000, AQAP or equivalent.
E. and Section 3.
2. Application

1.2 Classification covers the ship's hull and

2.1 These Rules apply to seagoing surface ships
machinery including electrical installations as well as
and craft intended for naval activities.
special equipment and installations as far as agreed in
the building specification between the Naval Authority
2.2 Classification according to these Rules applies
and the Shipyard. Classification aims primarily at
ensuring reliability of the hull structure and machinery primarily to new buildings constructed under surveillance

systems on board resulting in an adequate level of safety of TL. Classification may also be applied to existing ships

of personnel and environmental protection. However, by a survey for Admission to Class, if sufficient
Classification is not intended to ensure the effectiveness documentation is available, see E.2.
of the intended missions.
3. Confidentiality
1.3 Structures, machinery and equipment
determining the type of ship are subject to examination
3.1 TL maintains confidentiality with respect to all
within the scope of Classification, in accordance with the
documents and other kinds of information received in
Character of Classification and affixed Notations.
connection with the orders entrusted to TL.

Other systems and components may be included in the

Classification and/or certification procedure upon request 3.2 TL shall comply with the security procedures

of the Naval Authority. agreed upon with the Naval Authority.

For alternative certification scheme see TL Rules, 3.3 TL will instruct its personnel engaged in a naval
Classification and Surveys, Section 2,F. project to follow the security procedures, including the
necessary safe handling and storage of confidential
1.4 Particular systems and components for military information and documentation as agreed upon with
use (especially weapons and their sensors) are normally the Naval Authority.
exempted from Classification, depending on the

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
B,C Section 1 -Classification 1-3

B. Rules, Guidelines and Regulations construction particulars by TL will be exclusively based

on rules and guidelines, agreed upon in the specification
1. TL Rules of the Classification contract between the Naval Authority
or the Shipyard and TL.
1.1 The TL - Naval Ship Rules, (see Table 1.1) will
be applied for structural elements and for components of 2.2 In addition, national construction rules for naval
the machinery and electrical installation of naval ships, ships may be applied upon agreement with the relevant
subject to agreement between the Naval Authority and Authority and if defined in the specification of the
the Shipyard for the Classification order to TL. Classification contract between the Naval Authority or the
Shipyard and TL.
Table 1.1 Rules for Classification and Construction
of Naval Ships 2.3 The application of national regulations of the
respective Flag State to the naval ship under
consideration shall be checked by the Naval Authority
Naval Ship Rules
and the Shipyard and agreed upon in the particular case.
Chapter Title

Hull Structures and Ship Equipment 2.4 IMO Conventions, Resolutions, Codes, etc.,
102
may be applicable in certain cases and/or for certain
103 Special materials for Naval Ships
aspects, e. g. pollution prevention. Details shall be
104 Propulsion Plants
clarified and laid down in the Classification specification
105 Electrical Installations in the particular case.
106 Automation

Ship Operation Installations and 3. Industry Codes, Standards, etc.

107
Auxiliary Systems
Internationally recognized Standards and Codes
published by military organizations, national industry
Regarding weapons and sensors normally only their
organizations or standardization institutions may be used
recoil forces must be considered when dimensioning the
upon agreement in particular cases as a design and
relevant foundations.
fabrication basis.

1.2 Additional TL Rules and Guidelines which may

Examples: STANAG, MIL-STD, DEF, DIN, IEC, ISO.
be used for naval ships, without pretension for
completeness, are listed in Table 1.2.

C. Definitions
1.3 Ships, not in compliance with 1.1 and 1.2 may
be classed, provided that their structural elements or any
1. Classification
installations are found to be equivalent for the respective
Character of Classification including Notations regarding
The term "Classification" is used as defined under A.1.1.
design, function and safety.
Classification is documented by a valid Certificate to be
carried on board of the ship.
1.4 If the Class Notation NSC shall be assigned,
detailed compliance with the different Chapters of the
TL reserves the right to enter special condition in the
Naval Ship Code can be certified by TL.
class certificate stating assumptions for the assignment
of the class and restrictions regarding the use of the ship
2. Other Construction Rules and Maritime
and service areas.
Regulations

For validity see D.2.2.

2.1 The review and appraisal of design and

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
1-4 Section 1 - Classification C,D

2. Class Designation
The Class designation consists in:
- The Character of Classification, i.e. a sequence
of abbreviations indicating the extent of
compliance with the applicable Rules and the
duration of the Class period.
civil and naval operations. They may have a variety of
roles including the movement of military and other
personnel, ammunition, vehicles, stores and fuels and
the transfer of such to other naval ships. They do not
have a defined military role but may have a limited self-
defence capability.
7. Shipyard

- Notations, affixed to the Character of The Shipyard is the contractual partner of the Naval
Classification, indicating particular features Authority, entrusted with managing the design, con-
capability, service restrictions or special equipment struction and equipment of the naval ship, generally
and installations included in the Classification. together with a series of subcontractors and
manufacturers.
For details see Section 2.
8. Building Specification
Table 1.2 Relevant Chapters of TL Rules and
Guidelines The building specification is part of the building contract
between the Naval Authority and the Shipyard and
Part Chapter Rule specifies the technical parameters and all other details
A 2 Materials for the construction of the naval ship.
A 3 Welding of Hull Structures
C 7 High Speed Craft 9. TL
C 21 Bridge Design
Dynamic Positioning TL means Head Office of Türk Loydu in İstanbul/ Turkey.
C 22
Systems
Redundant Propulsion and 10. Classification Specification
C 23
Steering Systems
Guidelines for Machinery The Classification specification is part of the
C 25 Classification contract between the Shipyard and TL
Condition Monitoring
during construction and between the Naval Authority and
TL after delivery. It specifies the Rules, guidelines and
3. Period of Class
regulations forming the technical basis of the
Classification as well as scope and necessary details of
Period of Class p is the nominal interval [years] between
the Classification and survey procedures and refers to
two Class Renewal Surveys, see Section 2, B.2. and
the building specifications as far as necessary.
Section 3, B.1.4.

11. Client’s Responsibility

4. Naval Authority

11.1 It is the responsibility of the Ship

Naval Authority is the State Authority respectively an
Owner/operator, designer, builder and the installer to
authorized institution responsible for the definition,
familiarize themselves and to abide by the appropriate
purchase and operation of the naval ship. In some cases
sections of the Rules.
the above mentioned responsibilities are split up
between different Authorities or Institutions.

D. Validity of Class
5. Naval Ship

1. Period of Class
A naval ship is a vessel designed and operated for naval
and related activities commanded by a Navy or Coast
1.1 The hull, the machinery as well as special
Guard.
equipment and installations classed have the same
period of Class; see also Section 2, B.2. The class
6. Auxiliary Naval Ship
continues to be valid, provided that hull and machinery

Auxiliary naval ship is a vessel used for the support of are subject to all surveys stipulared and any repairs

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
D Section 1 -Classification
required are carried out to the satisfaction of TL.
1.2 For reassignment of Class after conversions see
3.4.
2. Prerequisites for Validity of Class
2.1 The Class assigned by TL is only valid under
the provision that the operating conditions are complied
with as stated in the Class Certificate. Class assignment
is conditional upon the ship, including her machinery,
being loaded and operated such as to comply with the
design concept, and applicable rules and regulations.
This also applies to the distribution of loads and ballast, if
necessary to the securing of supplies etc., as well as to the
operation of the ship in heavy weather.
2.2 If the hull and/or machinery are not subjected to
the prescribed surveys on their due dates, ship’s Class will
be suspended or withdrawn for both hull and machinery.
If some special equipment classed is not subjected to the
prescribed surveys on their due dates or is no longer
intended to be carried on board, the Notation for that
equipment only will be suspended or withdrawn.
2.3 TL Head Office or one of the TL representations
are to be immediately informed about any aver-age,
damage or deficiency to the hull, machinery or equipment
classed, where these may be of relevance to the ship's
Class and safety. A survey will have to be arranged for a
date not later than that of the ship's arrival at the next
port.
If the survey reveals that the ship's Class has been
affected, it will be maintained only on condition that the
repairs or modifications demanded by TL are carried out
within the period and under the operating conditions
specified by the Surveyor. Until full settlement of these
demands the Class will be restricted.
2.4 Any damage or excessive wastage beyond
allowable limits to side shell frames, their end
attachments and/or adjacent shell plating, the deck
structure and deck plating, the bottom structure and
bottom plating, the watertight or oiltight bulkheads and
TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
1-5
the hatch covers or coamings that affect a ship's Class,
is to be permanently repaired immediately after the
survey.
For locations where adequate repair facilities are not
available, consideration may be given to allow a ship to
proceed directly to a repair yard. This may require
temporary repairs for the intended voyage.
Damages or excessive wastage at the areas noted above
and not immediately affecting the vessel's structural or
watertight / weathertight integrity may be temporarily
repaired for a period to be defined.
2.5 Adequate spare parts together with the
necessary tools for maintenance and repair shall be
readily available for use.
2.6 In exceptional cases, following inspection of hull
and machinery, performance of the repairs required for
maintenance of the original Class may be dispensed with,
if the Naval Authority agrees to the Class and/or the range
of service being restricted, or possibly a higher freeboard
being assigned
2.7 Apart from the Class Certificate, any other
documentation of significance for classification, such as:
- Reports on surveys previously performed,
- Approved drawings and other documentation
handed out to the Naval Authority and containing
particulars or instructions of significance in
respect of the Classification requirements, e.g.
use of special steel grades, list of spare parts,
is to be kept on board and made available to the Surveyor
on request.
2.8 Weapons and other systems for military use
may be exempted from Classification, see A. 1.4.
However, any changes in such systems that may affect
the safety of operations and hence validity of the ship's
Class, including its classified installations, shall be
notified to TL in due course. This applies particularly to
cases, where system changes lead to structural
conversions or important changes in the machinery and
electrical installation.
1-6 Section 1 - Classification
2.9 TL provide a notification system to remind the
Naval Authority of surveys becoming due, or of any other
matters of interest or urgency in connection with the
Classification of the ship. However, in principle it remains
the responsibility of the Naval Authority to comply with
the Class conditions and to observe the dates for the
prescribed surveys.
3. Repairs, Conversions
3.1 Where parts are damaged or worn to such an
extent that they no longer comply with the Class
requirements, they are to be repaired or replaced.
3.2 Maintenance work, repairs and conversions of
classed ships and special equipment have to be carried
out under the supervision of TL to ensure maintenance
or reassignment of Class.
3.3 The areas affected by repairs or conversion
shall be treated in the same way as for new buildings,
irrespective of whether the hull, the machinery including
the electrical installation, automated systems or other
classed equipment are concerned,
3.4 If following major conversions a new Character
of Classification and/or new Notations are assigned so
that the Class Certificate has to be reissued,
commencement of a new period of Class may be agreed
upon.
4. Class Expiry
4.1 Where hull and/or machinery are not longer
complying with the requirements on which Class
assignment had been based, or where the Naval
Authority refuses to have repairs or modifications
required by TL carried out within a period to be
determined from case to case, ship's Class will be
suspended or withdrawn. The same applies to the Class
of special equipment.
4.2 If the Naval Authority is not interested in
maintenance of, or re-admission to Class of the ship or
any of its classed equipment, TL will have to be informed
accordingly. The Class Certificates will have to be
returned to TL.
TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
D
4.3 If for some reason the Class has expired or has
been withdrawn or suspended by TL, this will be
indicated in the Register.
4.4 Where following suspension or withdrawal of
ship's Class the repairs required by TL have been carried
out and the ship has been subjected to a survey for
readmission to Class, the original Class may be
reassigned with a new period of Class. Such surveys are
to be carried out in accordance with the requirements for
a Class Renewal Survey.
5. Laid-Up Ships
5.1 The period of Class of hull and machinery will
not be interrupted throughout the laying-up period. This
means that periodical surveys will have to be carried out
as before; surveys due, for which drydocking is required,
may be postponed until recommissioning. Apart from
this, the requirements of the preceding paragraphs are to
be applied.
5.2 Upon expiry of the Class, a survey substituting
the Class Renewal Survey will have to be performed. An
entry on the Class Renewal will be made in the Class
Certificate, with the Notation LAID-UP SHIP, and
indicated in the Register.
5.3 At the time of recommissioning a thorough
survey of the entire machinery will have to be performed
in addition to the outstanding periodical surveys.
Depending on the duration of the laying-up period, a sea
trial and/or recommissioning trials of specific installations
and/or components will have to be carried out.
6. Re-Admission to Class
6.1 Where, after suspension or withdrawal of Class,
the repairs required by TL have been carried out and the
ship has been subjected to a survey for Re-admission to
Class, the original Class may be reassigned starting with
a new period of Class. Such surveys are generally to be
carried out in accordance with the requirements for a
Class Renewal Survey, see Section 3.
D,E Section 1 -Classification 1-7

6.2 Depending on the duration of the interruption Rules. TL reserve the right to request additional
period, parts of the machinery installation may have to be information and particulars to be submitted.
dismantled and sea trials or function tests have to be
carried out in excess of the requirements mentioned 1.2.2 After examination by TL, the documents subject
above. For parts and installations replaced or added in to approval will be returned in one copy (in case of
the meantime, the scope of examinations and tests to be triplicate submission) with a mark of approval..
carried out for Admission to Class shall be as for
newbuildings. 1.2.3 Any deviations from the approved documents
e.g. due to requirements of the Naval Authority or
alterations suggested by the Shipyard and/or
E. Classification Procedures Manufacturer, require to be approved by TL prior to being
realized.
1. Classification of newbuildings

1.3 Supervision of Construction and Trials

1.1 Order for Classification

1.1.1 The written order for Classification is to be 1.3.1 General

submitted to TL by the Shipyard or by the Naval

Authority,. It should be clearly agreed between the 1.3.1.1 TL will assess the production facilities and

parties concerned, e.g. in the building contract, which Procedures of the Shipyard, subcontractors and other

party will be responsible for compliance with the TL Rules manufacturers, to determine whether they meet the

and Guidelines and other rules and regulations to be requirements of the TL Rules and any additional

applied. requirements of the Naval Authority as agreed in the

building specification. This assessment may be

1.1.2 Where orders for the production of components connected with Health and Safety assessment and a

are placed with subcontractors, TL will have to be quality assurance certification.

advised accordingly indicating the scope of the

subcontract. The Shipyard is responsible for observance 1.3.1.2 Materials, components, appliances and

of the rules, guidelines and regulations by installations subject to inspection are to comply with the

subcontractors. relevant rule requirements and are to be presented for

inspection by TL Surveyors, unless otherwise provided

1.1.3 When particulars already approved by TL for as a result of special arrangements agreed upon with TL.

previous ships built under TL supervision are

incorporated in the design of the newbuilding, this should 1.3.1.3 It is the obligation of the Shipyard,

be specifically stated in the order for Classification. subcontractors and other manufacturers to inform the TL

Amendments to the Construction Rules having been inspection office in due time about particular surveys to

introduced meanwhile shall be taken into account. be carried out.

1.2 Examination of design and construction 1.3.1.4 In order to enable the Surveyor to fulfill his

particulars duties, he is to be given free access to the workshops

and to the ship. For performance of the tests required,

1.2.1 Particulars/documents for examination such as the Shipyard, subcontractors and other manufacturers

construction plans, calculations, details on materials, etc. are to give the Surveyor any assistance necessary by

are to be submitted in triplicate in Turkish or English providing the staff and the equipment needed for such

language to TL in due time prior to commencement of tests.

construction/manufacturing, see also Section 4, E.

1.3.2 Supervision of construction

The particulars submitted shall contain all details

required to verify compliance with the Construction During the phase of construction of the ship or

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
1-8 Section 1 - Classification
installation, TL will satisfy themselves by surveys and
inspections that:
- Parts for hull, machinery and electrical installations
or special equipment subject to approval have
been constructed in compliance with the approved
drawing/documents;
- All tests and trials stipulated by the Rules for
Classification and Construction are performed
satisfactorily;
- Workmanship is in compliance with current
engineering standards and/or TL Rule
requirements;
- Welded parts are produced by qualified welders
having undergone the required regular tests;
- For hull sections or components requiring approval
TL Certificates have been presented. The
Shipyard, subcontractors or other manufacturers
will have to ensure that any parts and materials
requiring approval will only be delivered and
installed, if the appropriate certificates have been
issued;
- Type-tested appliances and equipment are used,
in accordance with the Rule requirements, where
individual certificates are not required.
1.3.3 Tests at the manufacturer’s works
As far as practicable, the machinery including electrical
installations as well as special equipment and
installations classed will be subjected to operational trials
at the manufacturer's premises to the scope specified in
the Construction Rules. This applies also to engines
produced in series.
Where the machinery, electrical installation or special
equipment and installations are of novel design or have
not yet sufficiently proved their efficiency and reliability
under actual service conditions on board, TL may require
performance of trials under specified severe conditions.
TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
E
1.3.4 Shipboard trials
Upon completion of the ship, all hull, machinery including
electrical installations as well as special equipment and
installations classed will be subjected to operational trials
in the presence of the TL Surveyor prior to and during the
sea trials. This will include, e.g.:
- Tightness, operational and load tests of tanks,
anchoring equipment, hatches and hatch covers
shell ports, ramps, etc.
- Operational and/or load tests of the machinery,
installations and equipment of importance for
safety of the crew and the operational safety of the
ship.
During a final survey, checks will be made to ensure
that any deficiencies found, for instance during the sea
trials, have been eliminated.
1.4 Reports, certificates, documentation
1.4.1 Testing of materials, components, machinery,
etc. at subcontractor's works will be certified by the
Surveyor and/or the local TL representation.
1.4.2 Upon completion of the ship and the ship board
trials, the Surveyors will prepare construction and survey
reports, on the basis of which TL Head Office will issue
the Class Certificate.
1.4.3 The Classification data of each ship will be
included in the TL data file and treated as strictly
confidential. An extract of these ship data will be entered
in the Register Book published by TL if the Naval
Authority agrees.
1.4.4 Where TL has been entrusted in addition and
beyond the scope of the Rules mentioned under B. with
supervision of construction in accordance with the
building specification a Certificate of Conformity (CoC)
will be issued and a corresponding Notation added to the
Class designation, see Section 2, C.1.4.
E Section 1 -Classification 1-9

2. Admission to Class of Existing Ships fuel oil and starting-air systems, air and sounding
pipe systems, electrical arrangements and wiring
2.1 Admission to Class diagrams;

2.1.1 Naval ships not originally built under - Steering gear arrangement and piping system and
supervision of TL may be classed subsequently following steering gear manufacturer make and model
the procedures described below, see also A.2.2. information;

The Naval Authority should contact TL for the necessary

- Torsional vibration calculations of the main
arrangements. The written order for Admission to Class
shafting system including its branches for ships
of existing ships or special equipment including the
less than two years old;
required documents shall be formally addressed to TL
Head Office in triplicate, using the form provided by TL.
- Drawings for flexible couplings and/or torque

2.1.2 The following documents updated to present limiting shafting devices in the propulsion line or

status shall be submitted for examination where manufacturer, make, model and rating information
applicable. Information shall be provided about any for ships with ice class Notation B; Instrument and
additional regulations to be observed. alarm list, fire alarm system, list of automatic safety
functions, e.g. slowdowns, etc., function testing
Hull and machinery: plan for ships with Notation AUT-N.

- Particulars of the type and main dimensions of the For ship type-related equipment and installations the
ship, building year, building yard, major documentation is to be determined from case to case,
conversions, if any, freeboard, stability
depending on the scope of Classification agreed and on
documentation and details of the anchor
possible conversions planned at the same time.
equipment;

TL reserve the right to request additional information

- Particulars of the type, output and main data,
depending of ship's type and/or according to Naval
building year and manufacturer of the main
engine(s) and of the auxiliary machinery essential Authority requirements.

for operational safety, the electrical installations,

2.2 Performance of admission to class
the automatic/remote-control system, the safety
arrangements, the steering gear and the
2.2.1 The drawings and other particulars of relevance
windlasses;
to Classification are checked for compliance with the

- General arrangement, capacity plan, hydrostatic applicable TL Construction Rules and/or equivalent other

and cross curves, loading manual, where required, rules.

midship section, longitudinal and transverse
sections, transverse bulkheads, decks, shell
expansion, engine and boiler foundations, stem
and stern frame, rudder and rudder stock, hatch
covers;
- Machinery arrangement and layout,
intermediate and screw shafts, propellers, main
engines, propulsion gears and clutch systems,
starting-air receivers, auxiliary boilers, gas turbines
and related systems, cooling water and lubricating
oil systems, bilge and ballast systems,
2.2.2 For Admission to Class the extent of the
Classification survey for the hull and machinery
installation respectively the special equipment will be
especially determined by TL depending on the ship's age
and type. If the result of the survey is satisfactory, TL
thrust, Class will be effective as of the date of performance of
the concluded survey.
2.2.3 If the ship and/or her special equipment hold the
valid Class of another recognized Classification Society
and if sufficient proof has been furnished regarding the
Class status, TL may dispense with the examination of
drawings and computations.

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1-10 Section 1 - Classification
In such cases, the period of Class will remain as
assigned by the previous Classification Society.
2.2.4 A ship will not be admitted to Class if the
relevant drawings and computations are not submitted.
2.2.5 If the ship complies with the requirements of TL,
a Class Certificate will be issued in accordance with the
Surveyor's report on the condition of the ship. Once a
ship and/or her equipment have been classed with TL,
the Rules in force as well as procedures applicable to
ships and/or special equipment constructed under
supervision by TL will apply.
2.2.6 If a sufficient proof of the loosing Society
regarding the ship's previous Class status is not as yet
available the survey status information provided by the
Naval Administration may be used. An "Interim Class
Certificate" may be issued after completion of the
surveys requested for Admission to Class with a
statement that Conditions of Class (recommendations)
which are overdue, if received after issuance of the
Interim Class Certificate are to be dealt with at the next
port of call.
TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
E,F
F. Documents to be Carried on Board
To allow quick action in case of surveys, special
operation and especially in case of damage, the following
documentation must be kept on board and shall be made
available to the TL Surveyor on request:
- Class Certificate all Survey Statements and
reports;
- Stability Handbook and Loading Manual, if
required;
- Description of corrosion protection system;
- "As built'' drawings and other documentation
containing particulars or instructions of
significance as far as TL is concerned, e.g.
use of special steel etc;
- List of important testing/monitoring procedures to
be followed in connection with validity of Class.
 Section 2 - Class Designation 2-1

SECTION 2

CLASS DESIGNATION

Page
A. General, Definitions ........................................................................................................................................... 2-2
1. General
2. Class Designation
B. Characters of Classification ............................................................................................................................. 2-2
1. Survey, Construction Supervision
2. Compliance with Rule Requirements, Class Period
3. Subdivision, Damage Stability
4. Use of Alternative/Additional Standards
C. Notations ............................................................................................................................................................ 2-3
1. General Indications
2. Notations for Hull and Machinery
3. Notations for Hull and Equipment
4. Machinery Notations
5. Notations for Special Military Requirements
6. Submarine
7. Overview of Possible Notations For Naval Surface Ships

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2-2 Section 2 - Class Designation A,B

A. General, Definitions with TL, see Section 1, E.2.

1. General In the event of admission to Class (change of Class)

from a Society or institution which is not recognized,
The Class of a naval ship complying with the TL prior examination of drawings and existing certificates
Rules is expressed by the "Character of Classification", of the hull structure, the machinery and electrical
assigned for hull and machinery including electrical installations is conditional.
installations see B.
2. Compliance with Rule Requirements, Class
Details about hull, machinery including electrical Period
installations as well as special equipment and
installations included in the Classification procedure are 2.1 Hull
indicated by "Notations" affixed to the Character of
Classification, see C. If the ship's hull fully complies with the Rules of TL or
another recognized Classification Society or other rules
2. Class Designation considered to be equivalent, the Character of
Classification will be
The following example shows a Class designation for
hull and machinery of a naval ship: 1Np

Character of The figure 1 indicates full compliance with the

Notations Construction Rule requirements.
Classification

Hull +1N5 FRIGATE RSD SFP

N indicates a ship for naval service
Machinery +M CM NBC DEG
p figure, indicating the duration of the nominal
.
Class period [years]. Normally, p = 5

B. Characters of Classification
The nominal Class period may be increased to 6
years, if after examination of the internal inspection and
1. Survey, Construction Supervision
maintenance scheme of the Naval Authority, TL is
convinced that compliance with the Rule requirements
1.1 + heading the Class designation indicates
can be assured for this extended period.
that hull, machinery as well as special equipment and
installations included in the Classification have been
The nominal Class period can be reduced in exceptional
constructed:
cases and for a limited time, if the ship does not fully
comply with the Rules but has been allowed to operate
- Under the supervision of and in accordance with
under restrictions, e.g. regarding the service range
the Rules of TL at the Shipyard and/or at
and/or weather conditions.
subcontractors supplying construction
components / hull sections, as applicable.
2.2 Machinery

- With certification by TL of components and

M The machinery and all installations covered by
materials requiring inspection subject to the TL
Classification comply with the requirements of
Rules.
the Rules of TL or other rules considered being
equivalent.
1.2 [+] This sign will be part of the Character of
Classification if the ship has been designed and
[M] The machinery does not fully comply with the
constructed in accordance with the rules and under
requirements of the Rules of TL, but functional
supervision of another recognized Classification
safety and sea worthness are ensured for the
Society and is subsequently - or at a later date classed
envisaged service.

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B,C Section 2 - Class Designation 2-3

MU The machinery of the submarine including
electrical installations complies
requirements of the Rules of TL, or other rules
considered being equivalent.
[M U] The machinery of the submarine including
electrical installations does not fully comply
with the requirements of the Rules of TL, but
functional safety and sea worthness are
ensured for the envisaged service.
3. Subdivision, Damage Stability
If requested by the Naval Authority the following
designations may be affixed to the Character of
Classification.
FS For the hull, proof of subdivision and damage
stability has been furnished and verified by TL.
This symbol may be supplemented by a Notation
indicating the degree of subdivision, kind of stability
assessment and regulations applied, see C.3.5.
4. Use of Alternative/Additional Standards
included in the Classification, as defined in the
with following.
1.2 The Notations to be affixed to the Character of
Classification are optional and may be elected by the
Naval Authority. The chosen scope of Notations has to
be defined in the Classification specification as well as
in the building specification.
1.3 It will be the Naval Authority's decision to
have the Notations, together with the whole Class
designation, included in the published Register of TL or
not, see Section 1, E. 1.4.3.
1.4 Certificate of Conformity (CoC)
This notation will be assigned and the certificate issued
if, in addition to the investigations and surveys usually
associated with classification of the hull / machinery, TL
has been entrusted with supervising construction,
outfitting and trials of the ship regarding conformity with
the building specification agreed in the contract
between the Naval Authority and the Shipyard, see
Section 1, E. 1.4.4.

This Notation can only be assigned if the requirements

(NS) is appended to the Character of Classification in
of the building specification are not contrary to or of a
agreement with TL and the Naval Authority when
lower level than TL Rules in force.
alternative or additional standards which represent
significant changes to TL Rules or additional
Note
requirements to the TL Rule Requirements are applied.
If TL is only entrusted with supervising construction,
Alternative or additional standards are normally raised
outfitting and trials of the ship regarding conformity with the
by the designer or builder.
building specification agreed upon in the contract between
the Naval Authority and the Shipyard, a Certificate of
Alternative or additional standards are to be
Conformity can be issued without TL Classification.
documented or stated in advance of design appraisal
and they are to be clearly defined and referenced in the
2. Notations for Hull and Machinery
Classification Certificates and any other required
registers such as lifting appliances.
2.1 Restricted service area for seagoing naval
ships
The following can be example uses of (NS):
N (NS), M (NS), SFP (NS), LA (NS).
Naval ships complying with the Construction Rule
requirements for a restricted service area only will have
the Notations specified in Table 2.1 affixed to their
C. Notations
Character of Classification.

1. General Indications
2.2 Ice strengthening

1.1 There are different kinds of Notations,

2.2.1 Ships, which comply with the requirements of
describing particular features, capabilities, service
the Construction Rules relating to strengthening for
restrictions or special equipment and installations
navigation in ice, will have one of the "Ice Class"

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2-4 Section 2 - Class Designation
Notations specified below affixed to the Character of
Classification. Except for Class Notation ICE-B, which
on request may be assigned to the hull or the
machinery installation only, hull and machinery shall
always be assigned the same ice class. If the hull is
constructed such as to comply with a higher ice class,
this will be indicated in the Technical File.
2.2.2 Notations ICE-B, ICE-B1, ICE-B2, ICE-B3,
ICE-B4
Hull and machinery have been designed such as to
comply with the requirements for navigation in ice, with
index 4 representing the highest Notation. Notations
ICE-B1 to B4 correspond to ice classes IC to IA Super
of the Finnish- Swedish Ice Class Rules, as amended.
2.2.3 Notations PC7, PC6, PC5, PC4, PC3, PC2,
PC1
Hull and machinery have been designed such as to
comply with the requirements for navigation in ice, with
index 1 representing the highest Notation. Notations
PC7 to PC1 are based on the TL Rules, Chapter 33,
Construction of Polar Class Ships.
2.2.4 ICEOPS
Class Notation ICEOPS is defined in Table 2.2.
2.3 Ambient conditions and environmental
standards
2.3.1 Ambient conditions
Where more severe ambient conditions are expected by
the Naval Administration, one of the two Notations
defined in Table 2.3 may be affixed to the Character of
Classification.
2.3.2 Environmental standards
EP (Environmental Passport Notation) additional class
notation is assigned to the ships fulfilling
requirements of the TL Chapter 107 - Naval Ship
Technology, Ship Operation Installations and Auxiliary
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C
Systems. When all requirements of EP Notation cannot
complied with, following characters of notations can be
assigned individually or in combination eg. EP (A), EP
(N, S).
A Anti-fouling coatings, (see TL Chapter 107 -
Section 10 item B.6)
B Ballast water management, (see TL Chapter
107 - Section 10 item B.5)
G Grey water, (see TL Chapter 107, Section 10
item B.4)
N Oxides of nitrogen in exhaust emissions,
(see TL Chapter 107, Section 10 item C.1)
R Refrigeration systems, (see TL Chapter 107,
Section 10 item C.5)
S Oxides of sulphur in exhaust emissions, (see
TL Chapter 107, Section 10 item C.2)
O Oily bilge water, (see TL Chapter 107,
Section 10 item B.1 and 2)
EE Energy efficiency, (see TL Chapter 107,
Section 10 item C.7)
SR Ship recycling, (see TL Chapter 107,
Section 10 item D).
Class Notation BWM is defined in Table 2.3.
2.3.3 Stabilization in the Seaway
SEAKEEP
If the naval surface ship is designed and equipped with
the aim to reduce the movement (heel, trim and roll) in
the seaway the Notation SEAKEEP may be affixed to
the Character of Classification. The requirements to be
met are specified in the TL Rules for Ship Operation
Installations and Auxiliary Systems Section 2, C. to J.
2.4 Naval Ship Code
Class Notation NSC is defined in Table 2.4. The text of
the NSC is not directly included in the TL Rules.
2.5 Laid-up ships LAID-UP SHIP
If a naval ship is not in operation for a certain time the
period of Class will not be interrupted. Upon expiry of
Class a survey will be performed and the entry LAID-UP
SHIP will be made in the Class Certificate and also
indicated in the Register. Refer to TL Guidelines for
Laid-up Vessels, see also Classification and Surveys,
the
Section 2, C.7.1)
C Section 2 - Class Designation 2-5

2.6 CSR Examples for such Notations are:

CSR Additional class notation is assigned to bulk PATROL BOAT

carriers and double hull oil tankers compliant ATTACK BOAT
with the TL Common Structural Rules for OFFSHORE PATROL VESSEL
Bulk Carriers and Oil Tankers
SUPPLY VESSEL
RESEARCH VESSEL
3. Notations for Hull and Equipment
CADET TRAINING SHIP
AMPHIBIOUS WARFARE SHIP (LPD, LHD)
3.1 Ship type Notations
LPD Landing Platform Dock
3.1.1 Generally, the type Notation will be assigned LHD Landing Helicopter Dock
according to the indications or suggestions of the Naval LCVP Landing Craft, Vehicle and Personnel

Authority. ACİL MÜDAHALE VE DALIŞ EĞİTİM BOTU

MOSHIP Submarine Rescue Mother Ship
A relevant descriptive Notation indicating the ship type RATSHIP Rescue and Towing Ship
will be added to the Class designation, such as defined LCT Landing Craft Tank
as examples in Table 2.5. LCM Landing Craft Mechanized
LST Landing Ship Tank
3.1.2 Where the intended duties of the ship include
PRODUCT TANKER
support functions which may be described by Notations TUG
also used for commercial and/or state operated non- ESCORT TUG (p,V)
military craft, such Notations may be assigned instead
of or in addition to the notations referred to under 3.1, Note
see TL Rules – Classification and Surveys, Section 2,D. This is applicable also in the case that the ship is armed,
e.g. for defence purposes; regarding inclusion of
weapons/military systems in the Classification procedure, see
Section 1, A.1.3 and A. 1.4.

Table 2.1 Notations for restricted service area

Notation Service area restriction

Y This range of service is limited, in general, to operate along the coast, provided that
(Restricted International the distance to the nearest port of refuge and the offshore distance do not exceed
Service) 200 nautical miles. This applies also to operation in the North Sea and within
enclosed seas, such as the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, the Caspian Sea and
waters with similar seaway conditions
K50/K20 This range of service is limited, in general, to operate along the coasts, provided that
(Coastal Service) the distance to the nearest port of refuge and the offshore distance do not exceed
50/20 nautical miles. This applies also to operation within enclosed seas, such as the
Baltic Sea, Marmara Sea and gulfs with similar seaway conditions
K6 This range of service is limited to operate along the coasts, provided that the distance
(Sheltered Waters) to the nearest port of refuge and the offshore distance do not exceed 6 nautical miles.
This area of service is restricted to operate in shoals, bays, haffs and firths or similar
waters, where heavy seas do not occur.
The Notations may possibly be assigned on the basis of the seaway conditions prevailing in the respective service area
(e. g. official seaway statistics).
Observance of the range of service boundaries is a prerequisite for validity of the Class.
TL may, on request, agree to the range of service being extended for a limited period and/or with certain reservations.
This will have to be documented.

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2-6 Section 2 - Class Designation C

Table 2.2 Class notation ICEOPS

Notation Characteristics Underlying rules

ICEOPS Ship and machinery equipment is designed for TL Rules, Chapter 107, Ship
operation in very low temperatures and for Operation Installations and Auxiliary
minimization of accretion of ice and other Systems, Section 19
relevant problems.

Table 2.3 Class notations for severe ambient conditions and environmental standards

Notation Characteristics Underlying rules

AC1 The parameter for ship inclination, for TL Rules, Chapter 102, Hull Structures and
(Ambient Conditions 1) ship movement and the limit conditions Ship Equipment, Section 1, A.4. Tables 1.1
are increased against the standard and 1.2,
requirements. TL Rules, Chapter 107 Ship Operation
Installations and Auxiliary Systems, Section 1.
ACS The special requirements for unusual TL Rules, Chapter 102, Hull Structures and
(Ambient Conditions types and/or tasks of naval ships are Ship Equipment Section 1, A.4.
Special) agreed upon case by case. TL Rules, Chapter 107, Ship Operation
Installations and Auxiliary Systems, Section 1.
BWM Ballast water discharges from ships are
(Ballast Water prominently responsible for transferring
Management) organisms between geographically
separated water bodies.
BMW serves the purpose of speeding
up and simplifying the process of
producing a ballast water management
plan to optimize the safe operation of
the naval ship.
Table 2.4 Class notation NSC

Notation Characteristics Underlying rules

NSC The overall aim of the Naval Ship Code NSC Chapter I
(NSC) as NATO standard ANEP 77 is to
provide a frame-work for a naval surface
ship safety management system. NSC Chapter II

If the requirements of certain Chapters of

the NSC are fulfilled, TL may issue the
NSC Chapter III
Class Notation for the relevant
Chapter(s).
NSC Chapter IV

NSC Chapter VI

NSC Chapter VII

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C Section 2 - Class Designation 2-7

Table 2.5 Ship type notations

Notation Characteristics Underlying rules

AIRCRAFT CARRIER Large naval ship with a displacement greater than TL Naval Ship Rules
10.000 tons which is capable of operate with a flight
deck, hangar, etc. a greater number of different Especially; Aircraft carriers
types of naval aircraft at the same time. TL Rules, Chapter 107, Ship
CRUISER Large naval ship with a displacement greater than Operation Installations and
5.000 tons which is capable to develop control Auxiliary Systems, Section 23
commanding tasks and mainly sea and air in a
mission theatre at the same time.
AMPHIBIOUS WARFARE Large naval ship with a displacement above 5.000 TL Rules, Chapter 107, Ship
SHIP tons which is capable to operate mainly helicopter Operation Installations and
and landing craft at the same time, the latter often Auxiliary Systems Section 22
via stern dock.
DESTROYER Larger naval ship with a displacement above 4.000
tons which is capable to develop at least two control
tasks at the same time.
FRIGATE Medium sized naval ship with a displacement above
1.500 tons which is capable to develop sea or air or
submarine control alternatively
CORVETTE Small naval ship with a displacement less than
1.500 tons which is capable to undertake limited
missions.
MINE WARFARE VESSEL This type includes mine countermeasure vessels,
mine hunters and mine laying ships
PATROL This type of naval ship is a patrol ship/vessel/ TL Rules, Chapter 34, Rules for
boat/unit with a length L ≥ 24 m. If the length L the Classification of Special
would reach about 80 m special agreement with TL Crafts - Patrol Boat
will become necessary for some design aspects.
The tasks are similar to patrol boats, but may
include a wider range of the possible activities.
PATROL BOAT Small naval, coast guard or police vessel, smaller in TL Rules, Chapter 34, Rules for
size than a corvette, commonly engaged in military the Classification of Special
patrol and reconnaissance missions, border Crafts - Patrol Boat
protection roles, including anti-smuggling, anti-
terrorist, anti-piracy, fishery patrols and law
enforcement. It is also often used rescue operations
and can be diversified in smaller Inshore Patrol
Vessels and larger Offshore Patrol Vessels.
It is assumed that the length L of a patrol
boat/vessel/unit is < 24 m.
ATTACK BOAT Attack boats are fast, agile, offensive, naval ships TL Naval Ship Rules
armed with anti-ship missiles, gun or torpedoes.
They are commonly used to protect strategic TL Rules, Chapter 7, High Speed
waterways, conduct coastal patrols, and support Crafts
amphibious operations restrict enemy movement in
anti-access and area balancing strategies.

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2-8 Section 2 - Class Designation C

3.1.3 A Notation may be added if the ship - First principle design procedures by means of e. g.
corresponds to a special type regarding the hull finite element analysis techniques
configuration and/or kind of propulsion, e.g.: - Additional fatigue strength calculations
- Calculation of usage factors and assessment of
HYDROFOIL highly stressed structures
CATAMARAN - Determination of explicit corrosion margins of
WATER JET structural members
AIR CUSHION
The analysis results will be stored in a data base.
3.1.4 High speed craft
For details see Table 2.6.
HSC-N
3.3 Bridge design
Special ship types such as catamarans, SWATH,
hydrofoil craft, surface effect ships and air cushion Where ships are to be operated by one person only, or
vehicles are designed in accordance with the TL Rules, a very limited number of personnel, the workplaces on
Chapter 7, High Speed Craft. the bridge shall be arranged according to ergonomic
principles.
HSDE
Ships which designed in compliance with the rules for

Notation for craft which have been constructed by using and Chapter 21 - Navigation Bridge Visibility, Bridge
Arrangement and Equipment Rules are to be given
elements of TL Rules, Chapter 7, High Speed Craft and
notation:
which are not subject to the IMO HSC Code. Details
regarding rule application are specified in the Class
NAV Designed in compliance with Chapter
Certificate.
21 and equipped with Chapter 21,
Section 4, B.1.
3.2 Special considerations for hull structures
NAV-INS Integrated Navigation Systems,
3.2.1 The Notations defined in Table 2.6 may be Designed in compliance with Chapter
applied to the hull of naval surface ships. 21 and equipped with Chapter 21,
Section 4, B.2, and C.
3.2.2 Rational ship design

3.4 Novel design

Complex hull structures subjected to a variety of static
and dynamic loads often require an increased scope of
strength investigations, particularly if a weight EXP

optimization is necessary. For such cases, TL offers

special analysis procedures, which may be indicated in Ships and equipment have been constructed in
the Class designation by a special Notation, see also, accordance with a design, for which sufficient
Chapter 102 - Hull Structures and Ship Equipment, experience is not available. TL will decide at what
Section 4. intervals the required periodical surveys will have to be
carried out. Where experience over a prolonged period
Rational Ship Design Notation for ships which are
of time has proved the efficiency of the design, the
subject to special analysis procedures. The analysis
Notation EXP may be cancelled.
procedures required for the ship's hull comprise inter
alia the following:

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C Section 2 - Class Designation 2-9

3.5 Subdivision, damage stability intact and damage condition) and

torsional moments and lateral loads,
3.5.1 The proof of damage stability is specified by a where applicable; a loading instrument,
Notation consisting of a 5-digit marking. The first two approved by TL, is to be provided to
digits represent the ship type, i.e. facilitate calculations for the intact and
damage stability and longitudinal strength

Z1 Naval Surface Ship (both for intact and damage condition)

and torsional moments and lateral loads,

The letter following in the third place indicates that the where applicable.

deterministic (D) damage stability assessment method

General Provisions are settled in A Chapter 1, Hull,
has been applied.
Section 6 H. Loading Guidance Information and Section
26 F. Onboard Stability Instruments
The fourth and the fifth digits, i.e. one digit each, specify
the procedure applied, i.e. the subdivision status
4. Machinery Notations
assumed in the damage stability calculation, see Table
2.7.
4.1 Automation

3.5.2 Procedures as developed by IMO such as

4.1.1 Machinery installations which comply with the
SOLAS 74/78, LLC 66/68, and MARPOL 73/78, as
Rules of TL for automated and/or remote-controlled
amended, for commercial ships may be adopted, as far
systems, will have the Notations specified in Table 2.8
as practicable, if no other adequate regulations are
affixed to the Character of Classification (not applicable
available.
if Class Notations for high-speed craft have been
assigned).
3.5.3 Damage assumptions shall normally be
specified by the Naval Authority in the building
4.1.2 For ships equipped with arrangements such
specification.
that the control and supervision of the ship operational
functions are computer based, ICC Notation is
3.6 Auxiliary ship - navy hull
assigned. For this purpose Chapter 105 - Naval Ship
AUX-NH The hull of the ship is partly built Technology - Electrical Installations - Section 10, ISO
according to the TL Rules, Chapter 102 - IEC 60182 FMEA and applicable provisions of Chapter
Hull Structures and Ship Equipment as 106 - Naval Ship Technology - Automation - Annex shall
agreed upon with the Naval Authority be complied with.
case by case.

4.2 Redundant propulsion and steering

3.7 Loading Instrument
systems

LI Loading Instrument - This notation will be

assigned where an approved loading Naval ships with propulsion and steering systems which
instrument has been installed either as a meet the redundancy requirements of TL obtain one of
Class or Owner’s requirement. the Notations specified in Table 2.9 affixed to the
As a supplement to the approved Character of Classification.
documentation for intact and damage
stability and longitudinal strength (both for

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2-10 Section 2 - Class Designation C

Table 2.6 Special notation for hull structures

Notation Characteristics Underlying rules

HIGHER STRENGTH HULL The use of normal strength hull structural steel will TL Rules, Chapter 102, Hull
STRUCTURAL STEEL not be specially indicated. If other materials are Structures and Ship Equipment,
employed for the hull, this has to be indicated in Section 3.
ALUMINIUM the Class Certificate.
Material selection, design, dimensioning and
FRP manufacturing of hull structures made of FRP are
to be agreed upon case by case with TL Head
Office
RSD (F25) Fatigue assessment based on 6.25 107 load TL Rules, Chapter 102, Hull
(Rational Ship Design) cycles of North Atlantic Spectrum carried out by Structures and Ship Equipment,
TL. Section 4.
RSD (F30) Fatigue assessment based on 7.5 107 load cycles
(Rational Ship Design) of North Atlantic Spectrum carried out by TL.
RSD (ACM) Additional corrosion margin according to detailed
(Rational Ship Design) listings in the technical file. Analysis carried out by
TL.
RSM The construction of the hull fulfils the requirements TL Rules, Chapter 102, Hull
(Residual Strength) for residual strength following a defined extent of Structures and Ship Equipment,
structural damage due to military effects. Section 21.
ERS The geometry and structural data of the ship are TL Rules, Chapter 102, Hull
(Emergency Responce made available in a data base to provide the Structures and Ship Equipment
Service) assistance necessary for limiting damages and/or
taking the adequate measures in case of average,
with the aid of special computer programs.
SFP Additional requirements concerning fire-resisting TL Rules, Chapter 102, Hull
(Structural Fire Protection) divisions, combustible materials, ventilation, etc. Structures and Ship Equipment,
are to be applied. Section 20.
IWS The ship’s hull is specially equipped for in-water For technical requirements, see
(In Water Surveys) surveys, i.e. surveys of the underwater part TL Rules, Chapter 1,Hull, Section
carried out in floating condition instead of dry 25
docking. Fixed markings and inscriptions are not
required, but means for the diver to determine his
respective position shall be in place.

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C Section 2 - Class Designation 2-11

Table 2.7 Subdivision status with FC

...D33 3-Compartment-Status, throughout the entire Notation for fuel cell systems the nominal power of
ship's length which is below 10 % of the nominal power of the
...D22 2-Comp.-Status, throughout the entire ship's machinery installation.
length
...D21 2-Comp.-Status, partial 1-Comp.-Status for Li-BATTERY
specified compartments, e.g. engine room
...D20 2-Comp.-Status, without damage to specified For ships, Lithium batteries used for propulsion and/or
compartments, e.g. engine room
electric power supply purpose during ship operation.
...D11 1-Comp.-Status, throughout the entire ship's
length
4.6 Carriage of dangerous goods
...D10 1-Comp.-Status, without damage to specified
compartments, e.g. engine room
DG

4.3 Dynamic positioning systems

Notations specified in Table 2.10 for ships designed to
maintain a desired position within the normal excursions
of the control system under defined environmental
conditions. The Class Notation required for a particular
operation, and the desired system reliability should be
agreed between the Naval Authority and TL on an
analysis of a consequence of a loss of position.
Notation for naval ships equipped for the carriage of
dangerous goods in packaged form according with the
TL Rules for Ship Operation Installations and Auxiliary
Systems, Section 9, N.
4.7 Fire Fighting
Following notations are assigned to ships which are
complying with Part C, Chapter 11, Fire Fighting Ships..

4.4 Condition monitoring of propeller shaft at FF0 For ships when the characteristics of the fire-
stern tube fighting system are not those required for the
assignment of the additional service features
FF1, FF2 or FF3, and when the system is
CM-PS
specially considered by TL.

Where the propeller shaft runs within the stern tube in

FF1 For ships provided with equipment for fighting
oil, the possibility exists, to prolong the intervals
fires in the initial stage and performing rescue
between shaft withdrawals, if the requirement according operations in the immediate vicinity of the
to the TL Rules, Chapter 4, Machinery, Section 5, C.6.6 installation on fire.
are fulfilled.
FF2 For ships provided with equipment for
4.5 Fuel cell systems sustained fighting of large fires and for cooling
parts of the installation on fire.
FC-xxx
FF3 For ships provided with equipment
Notation for ships and boats with fuel cell systems the corresponding to FF2, but with greater fire-
nominal power of which is equal or exceeds 10 % of the extinguishing capacity and more
total nominal power of the machinery installation comprehensive fire-extinguishing equipment.
(excluding the emergency supply power) and complying
FF1/2 For ships provided with equipment
with the TL Guidelines, Chapter 26, Use of Fuel Cell
corresponding to FF2 and additionally suited
Systems on Board Ships.
for rescue operations as per FF1.

"xxx" means the percentage of the fuel cell system

FF1/3 For ships provided with equipment
related to the nominal power of the machinery
corresponding to FF3 and additionally suited
installation.
for rescue operations as per FF1.

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2-12 Section 2 - Class Designation C

4.8 Novel designs 4.12 Auxiliary ship - navy machinery

AUX-NM The machinery installations of the ship

EXP
are partly built according to the TL
The machinery installations or essential parts have Rules Chapter 104 – Propulsion Plants,
been constructed in accordance with a design, for which Chapter 105 – Electrical Installations as
sufficient experience is not available. TL will decide at
agreed upon with the Naval Authority
what intervals the required periodical surveys will have
case by case.
to be carried out. Where experience over a prolonged
period of time has proved the efficiency of the design,
5. Notations for Special Military Requirements
the Notation EXP may be cancelled.

5.1 Dynamic loads

4.9 Towing Arrangements

The Notations for abilities of the naval ship to limit the

TA1 (TA2, Towing Arrangements - This notation
effects created by dynamic loads are specified in Table
TA3) will be assigned when an appraisal
2.11.
has been made of the towing
arrangements and strength 5.2 Flight operations
performance of the supporting
structures in accordance with Chapter The Notations for the different abilities to execute flight
102, Hull Structures and Ship operations are specified in Table 2.12.
Equipment, Section 18, G.2.3.6 ÷
G.2.3.14.10. This notation recognises 5.3 Special Notations for military requirements
the least severe weather conditions,
see Chapter 102, Hull Structures and Additional Notations for military requirements are
Ship Equipment Section 18,Table specified in Table 2.13.
18.3.
6. Submarine
4.10 Protective Coating

PCWBT Protective Coating in Water Ballast Tanks- SUBMARINE

This notation will be assigned to indicate
that the ship’s seawater ballast tanks are Additional notation for submarines complying with
provided with a corrosion protection system related Türk Loydu rules.
using by coatings according to TL Chapter
1, Hull, Section 22, A.7.1. 7. Overview of Possible Notations For Naval
Surface Ships
4.11 Notations for Electrical Installations

ELS Quality of Electrical Power Supplies – This Table 2.14 gives an overview for the various Notations
notation will be assigned to indicate that the which may be assigned to naval surface ships.
mains quality of the electrical power supply Additional information is given in the respective
are complied with the requirements of Chapters.
NATO Standardization Agreement
(STANAG) 1008 as referenced in TL
Rules, Chapter 105, Electric, Section 1,
F.2.1. It also shows that the installation
has been arranged, installed and
tested in accordance with TL Rules.

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C Section 2 - Class Designation 2-13

Table 2.8 Notation for machinery with automated or remote controlled systems

Notation Characteristics Underlying rules

AUT-N The machinery installation is fitted with TL Rules, Chapter 106,
equipment for unattended machinery spaces, Automation, Section 2, A.
so that it does not require to be operated
and/or maintained for periods of at least 24
hours.
AUT-Nnh The period during which attendance to and TL Rules, Chapter 106,
maintenance of equipment is not required, is Automation, Section 2, B.
less than 24 hours, with nh indicating that the
machinery space may remain unattended for n
hours.
AUT-N-C Automation-Centralized Control Station- TL Rules, Chapter 106,
This notation may be assigned when the Automation Section 2, B.2.
automated equipment can be controlled and
monitored from a central control station
RC Small naval vessels with a length L ≤ 48 m are TL Rules, Chapter 106,
provided with a system for remote control of Automation, Section 2, C.
the main propulsion plant from the navigation
bridge.

Table 2.9 Notations for redundant propulsion and steering systems

Notation Characteristics Underlying rules

RP1x% The ship has at least two propulsion machines, TL Rules, Chapter 23, Redundant
which are independent or can be disconnected Propulsion and Steering Systems
from each other. This also applies to the
auxiliary systems which are needed to operate
the propulsion machines. No redundancy of
propeller, shaft line, gearbox and steering
system is required.
RP2x% This ship has at least two propulsion systems
and two steering systems, each of which is
independent or can be disconnected from
each other. This also applies to each of the
auxiliary systems which are needed to operate
the propulsion and/or steering systems.
RP3x% This ship has at least two propulsion systems
and two steering systems, each of which is
independent or can be disconnected from
each other and is installed in separate
compartments. This also applies to each of the
auxiliary systems which are needed to operate
the propulsion and/or steering systems.
The additional index x% denotes what percentage of the main propulsion power of the ship is provided by redundant
ship’s propulsion system.

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2-14 Section 2 - Class Designation C

Table 2.10 Notation for dynamic positioning systems

Notation Characteristics Underlying rules

DK 1 Loss of position may occur, meets IMO Class TL Rules, Chapter 104, Propulsion
1 (non-redundant) Plants, Section 7, I.
DK 2 No loss of position in the event of a single fault
in an active component, meets IMO Class 2 TL Rules; Chapter 22, Dynamic
(redundant) Positioning Systems
DK 3 No loss of position in the event of a single fault
in an active or static components, meets IMO
Class 3 (redundant installation in separate
components)
Note
For DK 2 and DK 3 a redundancy concept document (FMEA of basic design) with worst case failure design
intent is to be submitted in due time.

Table 2.11 Notation to limit the effect of dynamic loads

Notation Characteristics Underlying rules

SHOCK Designed to withstand shock loads from TL Rules, Chapter 102, Hull
weapon effects above or below the water Structures and Ship Equipment,
surface of a size to be specified by the Naval Section 16, D.
Authority.
NOISE Designed to operate with a defined noise level TL Rules, Chapter 102, Hull
Structures and Ship Equipment,
to be specified by the Naval Authority.
Section 16, B.

VIBR Designed to operate create only a limited TL Rules, Chapter 102, Hull
Structures and Ship Equipment,
influence or vibrations on the fatigue of the hull
Section 16, C.
structures, the mast mounted electronic
equipment, etc. and the habitability of the
crew.

Table 2.12 Notation for flight operations

Notation Characteristics Underlying rules

FO The naval ship is arranged for starts and TL Rules, Chapter 102, Hull
(Flight Operations) landing of a greater number of different types Structures and Ship Equipment,
of aircraft, for which complete service, like Section 23 and Ship Operation
refuelling and maintenance, etc. can be Installations and
performed in a protected hangar Auxiliary Systems, Section 13
FO (HELIW) Equipped for helicopter winching operations,
landing is not possible.
FO (HELIL) Equipped with helicopter landing deck.
FO (HELILF) Equipped with helicopter landing deck and
refuelling capabilities.
FO (DRONE) Equipped with drone (UAV) handling
capabilities

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C Section 2 - Class Designation 2-15

Table 2.13 Notations for special military requirements

Notation Characteristics Underlying rules

LA The ship is equipped with lifting appliances, TL Rules, Chapter 107, Ship
other than those needed in connection with the
equipment described under RAS, such as Operation Installations and
cranes or lifts which have been included in the Auxiliary Systems, Section 3, A.
Classification procedure. The class notation
LA will, in general, be assigned for a classed
ship as a mandatory class notation where the
lifting appliance is considered to be an
essential feature.
LA (CRANE) The ship is equipped with classified lifting TL Rules, Chapter 107, Ship
appliances like cranes, gantry cranes, A-
frames, etc. which are able to work up to a Operation Installations and
certain sea state to be defined by the Naval Auxiliary Systems, Section 3,A.
Authority.
LA (CL) Cargo Lift – This notation is assigned in TL Rules, Chapter 107, Ship
compliance with Chapter 107 - Naval Ship
Technology, Ship Operation Installations and Operation Installations and
Auxiliary Systems- Section 3 E.2.2 to ships Auxiliary Systems, Section 3, E.2.2
having lifts to be used for transporting military
supplies
Cargo Ramp - This notation is assigned in TL Rules, Chapter 107, Ship
LA (CR) compliance with Chapter 107- Naval Ship
Technology, Ship Operation Installations and Operation Installations and
Auxiliary Systems- Section 3 G to ships having Auxiliary Systems, Section 3, G.
movable ship borne vehicle ramps moved
and/or used for loading/unloading in calm
water
Passenger Lift - This notation is assigned in TL Rules, Chapter 107, Ship
LA (PL) compliance with Chapter 107- Naval Ship
Technology, Ship Operation Installations and Operation Installations and
Auxiliary Systems- Section 3 E.2.1 to ships Auxiliary Systems, Section 3, E.2.1.
having passenger lifts that are designated to
transport crew members or embarked troops.
RAS Equipped with installations for the transfer of TL Rules, Chapter 107, Ship
(Replenishment at Sea) liquids, such as fuel, oil, water, stores and Operation Installations and
persons while operating at sea. This Notation
may be assigned to the supplying ship as well Auxiliary Systems Section 4.
as to the receiving ship.
NBC Designed and equipped to meet the TL Rules, Chapter 107, Ship
requirements for protection within a citadel
(Nuclear, Biological and Operation Installations and
against the fall-out of nuclear, as well as
Chemical Warfare) Auxiliary Systems Section 11.
biological and chemical weapons.
DEG Equipped with an active system for TL Rules, Chapter 105, Electrical
(Degaussing) degaussing (magnetic self-protection) by Installations, Section 12,F.
means of amplified cable windings in the ship
which reduce the magnetic signature.
DI Equipped with diving installations for TL Rules, Chapter 107, Ship
production, bottling and storage of breathing Operation Installations and
(Diving Installations)
gases Auxiliary Systems Section 18.
ARM PLT Equipped with special (light weight) armour to
(Armour) protect sensible elements.
EMC Special measures are provided for the laying TL Rules, Chapter 105, Electrical
of cables to optimize electromagnetic Installations, Section 12.
(Electromagnetic Compatibility) compatibility
SAM Equipped with special measures to store TL Rules, Chapter 107, Ship
safely ammunition, missilies, torpedos, etc. Operation Installations and
(Storage of Ammunition) Auxiliary Systems Section 3,F and
with minimized risk for the naval ship.
Section 9,O.

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2-16 Section 2 - Class Designation C

Table 2.14 Summary of notations for naval surface ships

Chapter 101 Chapter 102 Chapter 104 Chapter 105/106 Chapter 107

Hull Structures Electrical Ship Operation,

Classification and Surveys and Propulsion Plants Installations / Installations and
Ship Equipment Automation Auxiliary Systems
Ship type: Ambient conditions: Redundant Automation: Flight operation:
CORVETTE AC1 propulsion: AUT-N FO
FRIGATE ACS RP1 x % AUT-Nnh FO (HELIW)
DESTROYER RP2 x % AUT-N-C FO (HELIL)
CRUISER Material: RP3 x % FO (HELILF)
MINE WARFARE VESSEL (HIGHER STRENGTH HULL Remote control: FO (DRONE)
AMPHIBIOUS WARFARE STRUCTURAL STEEL) Dynamic RC
SHIP ALUMINIUM positioning: Lifting appliances:
AIRCRAFT CARRIER FRP DK1 Degaussing: LA
PATROL DK2 DEG LA (CRANE)
PATROL BOAT Residual strength after DK3 LA (CL)
ATTACK BOAT military effects: Electromagnetic LA (CR)
OFFSHORE PATROL RSM Fuel Cell Systems: Compatibility: LA (PL)
VESSEL FC-xxx EMC
SUPPLY VESSEL Rational ship design: with FC Replenishment at sea:
RESEARCH VESSEL RSD (F25) Dangerous RAS
CADET TRAINING SHIP RSD (F30) Novel design: goods:
ACİL MÜDAHALE VE RSD (ACM) EXP DG
DALIŞ EĞİTİM BOTU NBC protection:
MOSHIP Submarine Rescue In-water survey: Quality of NBC
Mother Ship IWS Electrical Power
RATSHIP Rescue and Supplies: Diving systems:
Towing Ship Structural fire protection: ELS DI
LCT Landing Craft Tank SFP
LCM Landing Craft Integrated Environmental
Mechanized Navigation in ice: Computer Passport:
LST Landing Ship Tank ICE-B, ICE-B1, ICE-B2, ICE- Control: EP
LPD Landing Platform Dock B3, ICE-B4, PC7, PC6, PC5, ICC
LHD Landing Helicopter PC4, PC3, PC2, PC1 Operation in ice:
Dock ICEOPS
LCVP Landing Craft, Vehicle Bridge design:
and Personnel NAV Ballast water
PRODUCT TANKER NAV-INS management:
TUG BMW
ESCORT TUG (p,V) Novel design:
SUBMARINE EXP Stabilization in seaway:
Special types, e.g.: SEAKEEP
HYDROFOIL Emergency response
CATAMARAN service: Condition monitoring
WATER JET ERS stern tube:
AIR CUSHION CM-PS
Service range:
High speed craft: Y Ammunition storage:
HSC-N K50/K20 SAM
HSDE K6
Fire Fighting :
Certificate of Conformity: Dynamic loads: FF0
CoC SHOCK FF1
NOISE FF2
Naval Ship Code: VIBR FF3
NSC FF1/2
Towing arrangement: FF1/3
Laid-up ships: TA1 (TA2, TA3)
LAID-UP SHIP
Corrosion Protection:
Auxiliary ship-Navy: PCWBT
AUX-NH
Loading Instrument:
AUX-NM LI

TL Common Structural
Rules:
CSR

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 Section 3 – Surveys 3-1

SECTION 3

SURVEYS

Page
A. General Indications ............................................................................................................................................ 3-2
1. Surveys for Maintenance of Class
2. Selection of Surveyors
3. Documentation of Surveys, Confirmation of Class
4. Surveys Required by the Naval Authority
5. External Service Suppliers
6. Calibration of Measuring Equipment
B. Surveys for Maintenance of Class, Definitions, Due Dates ........................................................................... 3-3
1. Periodical Surveys
2. Non-Periodical Surveys
3. Special equipment
4. Additional Safety Measures
C. Performance and Scope of Periodical Surveys ............................................................................................ 3-11
1. Annual Surveys
2. Intermediate Surveys
3. Class Renewal Surveys
4. Periodical Surveys of Propeller Shafts and Tube Shafts, Propellers and Other Systems
5. Periodical Surveys and Tests of İndividual Machinery Items
6. Dry Docking Surveys
7. In-Water Surveys
D. Thickness Measurements and Corrosion Tolerances .................................................................................. 3-28
1. General
2. Authorization
3. Scope of Measurements
4. Corrosion and Wear Tolerances
E. Damage and Repair Surveys........................................................................................................................... 3-32

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
3-2 Section 3 – Surveys
A. General Indications
1. Surveys for Maintenance of Class
1.1 For maintenance of Class, the regular periodical
and non-periodical surveys of hull and machinery,
including electrical installations as well as special
equipment and installations agreed to be in the scope of
Classification have to be performed as detailed in the
following, see also Section 1, D.2.2.
For other surveys performed by TL see 4.
1.2 Surveys required for maintenance of Class, e.g.
in the case of repairs of, or modifications to any parts
subject to Classification, are to be agreed with TL Head
Office or the local TL representations in due time, so that
the measures envisaged may be assessed and
supervised as required.
1.3 The Surveyors are to be given access at any
time to the ship and/or to the workshops, so that they may
perform their duties. See also Section 1, E.1.3.3. In this
connection all areas to be surveyed have to be cleared,
cleaned and are to be made gas-free, as deemed
necessary by the Surveyor.
The Class Certificate and other documents related to
Classification and carried on board are to be made
available to the Surveyor on request.
1.4 Surveys conducted during a voyage may be agreed
and credited to periodical surveys due. The
prerequisites, procedure and specific conditions to be
met, e.g. weather, will be fixed case by case. The
decision as to feasibility of the survey may only be taken
in agreement with the Surveyor.
1.5 TL will inform the Naval Authority about the
status of Class, indicating the last recognized surveys
and the next due dates. However, even if not provided
with such information, the Naval Authority is obliged to
have the surveys stipulated by the present Rules
performed.
1.6 Upon request TL may agree to testing,
monitoring and analysis procedures as a supplement to
or equivalent substitute for conventional survey and
inspection such as by uncovering/opening up of
components,, see B.1.5.6.
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A
1.7 TL reserves the right for given reasons, e. g. in
the light of special experience gained during operation,
to extend the scope of survey and/or inspection or to
carry that out with two Surveyors, if needed.
1.8 TL reserves the right to demand surveys to be
held between the due dates of regular surveys, if this is
necessary, see B.2.
1.9 If a ship has to be surveyed in a port beyond the
reach of a TL Surveyor (also in the events of force
majeure or of armed conflicts); TL Head Office will have
to be notified. Upon checking of the facts, the further
procedure will then be decided on.
In extraordinary cases and with TL Head Office
agreement, it is possible to call for an external expert,
whose report is, however, subject to examination by TL,
who will decide on whether or not the ship will have to be
re-surveyed.
2. Selection of Surveyors
On principle, the acting Surveyors will be chosen by TL.
However, the Naval Authority is free to have any findings
of surveys and decisions resulting there from, which
deem to be doubtful, checked by other TL Surveyors
upon special request to Head Office.
3. Documentation of Surveys, Confirmation of
Class
3.1 The records of each survey, as well as any
requirements upon which maintenance of Class has
been made conditional, will be entered into the respective
Survey Statement.
By his signature in the Certificate and other documents
the Surveyor only certifies what he himself has seen and
checked during the particular survey.
3.2 The reports prepared by the Surveyor will be
sent to TL Head Office. If there are no objections, the
results will be documented in the TL Register, see
Section 1, E.1.4.3, and the confirmation of Class effected
by the Surveyor in the Certificate will acquire final validity.
A,B Section 3 – Surveys
3.3 In the Register the dates of the surveys will be
indicated, such as Class Renewal, intermediate and
annual Class surveys, boiler surveys, surveys in
connection with continuous Class Renewal, bottom and
propeller shaft surveys. Records on periodical repeat
tests on steam boilers will be also entered in special Test
Certificates, which are to be kept on board.
3.4 A confirmation of class effected by the Surveyor
relates to the kind of survey referred to in the report and
is valid under the reservation that examination will not
give cause for any objections, see 3.2.
3.5 On request, the Class may be confirmed in
writing by a separate Certificate. However such
Certificates are valid only if issued by TL Head Office or
if in exceptional cases, TL Head Office has expressly
authorized the field service representatives to do so.
3.6 Where defects are repaired provisionally only,
or where the Surveyor does not consider immediate
repair or replacement necessary, the ship's Class may
be confirmed for a limited period by making an entry in
the Survey Statement of the Certificate of Classification.
Cancellation of such limitations will also have to be
indicated in the Survey Statement.
4. Surveys Required by the Naval Authority
4.1 Where surveys are requested by the Naval
Authority on account of international conventions and/or
of corresponding laws and regulations of a Flag State, TL
will carry them out by order or within the framework of the
contract between TL and the Naval Authority based on
the respective provisions. This includes surveys
according to SOLAS 74, LLC66/88 or MARPOL 73/78.
Where possible, such surveys will be carried out
simultaneously with the Class surveys.
4.2 TL will also undertake on request other surveys
and checks stipulated by additional regulations and
requirements of the flag state. Such surveys are subject
to agreements made in each individual case and/or to the
regulations of the country concerned.
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4.3 If for some reason a ship's Class has expired or
has been withdrawn by TL, all certificates according 4.1
issued by TL will automatically become void. If
subsequently the Class is renewed or reassigned, the
validity of these certificates may be revived within the
scope of their original period of validity, provided that all
surveys meanwhile having fallen due have been carried
out.
5. External Service Suppliers
Personnel or firms engaged in services affecting
Classification and statutory work are subject to approval
by TL. For further details see TL- R Z17.
6. Calibration of Measuring Equipment
The inspection, measuring and test equipment used in
workshops, shipyards and on board ships, which may
form the basis for Surveyor's decisions affecting
Classification or statutory work, shall be appropriate for
the services to be performed. The firms shall individually
identify and calibrate each unit of such equipment to a
recognized national or international standard (1).
B. Surveys for Maintenance of Class,
Definitions, Due Dates
1. Periodical Surveys
1.1 General
1.1.1 The periodical surveys listed in the following are
to be conducted for the hull, machinery including
electrical installations as well as special equipment and
installations included in the Classification of the ship.
If for some obvious reason, e.g. a temporary out of
service condition of certain equipment, parts included in
the Classification cannot be surveyed, this will be noted
in the Survey Statement.
For scope and details of the surveys, see C.
(1) For requirements see TL- R Z19.
3-4 Section 3 – Surveys
1.1.2 Where Flag State regulations are applicable
which impose inspection intervals deviating from the
Class related intervals, the intervals will be harmonized
in the individual case to reduce the number of single
surveys, where possible.
1.2 Annual surveys
1.2.1 Annual surveys are to be conducted at
nominal intervals of 12 months, as from the date of
commencement of the Class period p indicated in the
Class Certificate.
1.2.2 The survey has to be carried out within a time
interval of 3 months before to 3 months after the day at
which one year of the current Class period expires.
1.3 Intermediate surveys
Extended annual surveys are referred to as intermediate
surveys, see C.2.
The intermediate survey falls due at half the nominal time
interval between two Class Renewal Surveys (i.e. p/2).
If p is an uneven number of years, the survey may be
carried out on the occasion of the preceding or following
annual survey. If p is an even number of years, the
intermediate survey replaces the annual survey.
1.4 Class Renewal Surveys
1.4.1 Class Renewal Surveys -also called special
surveys - are to be carried out for the ship’s hull,
machinery, including electrical plant and, for any special
equipment classed at the intervals p indicated by the
Character of Classification.
In exceptional cases extension of the Class period by 3
month at the most may be granted by TL upon request.
A Class Renewal Survey may be carried out in several
parts. The survey may be commenced at the last
annual survey during the Class period and must have
been completed by the end of the Class period.
Considering 1.2.2, the total survey period of the Class
Renewal Survey must not exceed 15 months.
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Regarding dry docking, see 1.10.
1.4.3 The periodical surveys and inspections of
propulsion systems and machinery as per 1.6 and 1.7
form an integral part of the surveys required for Class
Renewal, unless otherwise specified in the following.
1.4.4 Class Renewals for the hull are numbered in
the sequence I, II, III, etc. Class Renewal IV and
subsequent ones correspond to Class Renewal III.
Regarding their scope see C.3.2. A survey planning
meeting is to be held prior to the upcoming survey, see
also D.1.2.
1.4.5 The new period of Class will commence:
- With the following day, after which the previous
Class expires, provided that the Class Renewal
Survey has been completed within the 3 months
preceding that date. This applies also to a granted
extension of the Class period by 3 months at the
most;
- With the date on which the Class Renewal Survey
has been completed, if this is the case more than
3 months before expiry of the previous Class.
1.5 Continuous Class Renewal Surveys
1.5.1 On request of the Naval Authority, the surveys
required for Class renewal may be split, according to a
schedule to be agreed, such as to extend over the entire
period of Class so that about 20 % of all surveys required
for Class renewal will be completed every year.
This means that all areas subject to survey as defined by
TL Head Office are to be surveyed at least once per Class
period, unless closer intervals are prescribed by the Naval
Authority, see Section 1, B.3. The time interval between
two subsequent surveys of each individual area or part
shall not exceed p years.
For ships more than 10 years of age, the ballast tanks are
to be internally examined twice in each five-year class
period, i.e. once within the scope of the intermediate
survey and once within the scope of the Continuous Class
Renewal Survey (hull).
B Section 3 – Surveys
The survey in dry-dock for Continuous Class Renewal
(hull) may be held at any time within the p year Class
period provided all the requirements of 1.8 are also
complied with.
1.5.2 Regarding the duration of the period of
Class and due dates of surveys, the requirements as
per 1.4.1 and 1.4.4 remain mandatory.
1.5.3 Continuous Class Renewal may be separately
requested for hull, machinery as well as special
equipment and installations.
1.5.4 Surveys held within the Continuous Class
Renewal procedure may be combined with annual
and intermediate surveys in a reasonable manner.
However, the requirements for annual and intermediate
surveys remain mandatory.
1.5.5 At the end of the Class period, for the purpose
of Class renewal, a final survey will be performed, during
which the Surveyors will satisfy themselves as to whether
all areas required to be surveyed have been surveyed
throughout and with satisfactory results. If there are
special reasons, a Surveyor may inspect individual parts
again.
1.5.6 Surveys Based on Planned Maintenance
System
1.5.6.1 On request of the Naval Authority, an optimized
Continuous Class Renewal system may be agreed upon
as outlined in the following for ships the machinery of
which is maintained with the aid of an approved,
computer-assisted maintenance system. The Naval
Authority will introduce a Planned Maintenance System
comprising at least the survey scopes / systems as
covered by the normal Continuous Class Renewal
system.
1.5.6.2 For approval by TL, the following
documentation shall be submitted:
- Detailed description of the maintenance system,
indicating the flow of information,
- List of components/systems to be covered by the
maintenance and Class renewal system
(inventory content),
TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
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- Indication of intervals for each of the mainte-
nance measures in general,
- List of maintenance intervals (time between
overhaul - TBO) and of the expected lifetime (LT)
of the main and auxiliary machinery components
essential for operation, taking into account
manufacturers' recommendations and specific
operational requirements,
- list of instructions (Maintenance Procedures)
underlying the maintenance concept,
- Description of maintenance documentation
(reports containing important operational
information, component condition, offset sheets,
measures carried out),
- Documentation on the maintenance strategy
applied prior to filing of the application.
1.5.6.3 Within the scope of a shipboard survey the TL
Surveyor will confirm that:
- The current maintenance system complies with
the approved documentation,
- The current maintenance system takes into
account, without reservations, the specific service
conditions,
- The maintenance documentation permits
conclusions to be drawn as to the construction
condition and operability of the machinery,
- The personnel in charge of operation of the
machinery is properly qualified and hold the
necessary qualification certificates.
1.5.7 Surveys Based on Condition Monitoring
System
Machinery or technical installations, which are subject to
a Condition Monitoring System, may be surveyed in line
with the requirements and prerequisites described in the
TL Rules, Chapter 25 - Guidelines for Machinery
Condition Monitoring. Prerequisite for this special Survey
Arrangement CM is the existence of a computerized
Planned Maintenance System (PMS).
3-6 Section 3 – Surveys B

The elements of the PMS considering the machinery fitted with continuous liners or approved oil sealing
components or part of them covered by Condition glands, or are made of corrosion resistant materials, the
Monitoring shall be approved by TL according to 1.5.6. interval of survey is to be:

The Condition Monitoring System is not limited to the - 3 years for single shafting arrangement,
equipment used to determine the machinery's condition,
but includes also the applied procedures and schedules - 4 years for multi-shafting arrangement.
for data collection and analysis.
The interval of drawing may be raised to:
If the Condition Monitoring information are giving
evidence to the Surveyor that the machinery, or part of - p years for single shafting arrangement,
it, is in an acceptable running condition, he may grant a
waiver from dismantling of the machinery, or part of it, for - p years for multi-shafting arrangement.
direct inspection. Any item of the installation or
machinery not covered by the Survey Arrangement CM at the most, in any of the following three cases:
shall be surveyed and credited in the conventional way.
- where
1.5.8 Class extension
- The propeller is fitted to a keyed shaft taper,
See 1.4.1.
- The design details of which are approved,
1.6 Periodical surveys of propeller shafts and
tube shafts, propellers and other systems - The shaft is protected from seawater,

- A non-destructive examination is made at

For maintenance of the Class, periodical surveys and
each survey by an approved crack-detection
tests of propeller shafts and tube shafts, propellers and
method of the after end of the cylindrical part
other systems of naval ships are to be carried out.
of the shaft (from the after end of the liner, if
The scope of surveys and tests unless specifically
any), and of about one third of the length of
restricted is defined in C.4.
the taper from the large end, or

1.6.1 Propeller shafts and tube shafts

- where

The following surveys are applicable:

- The propeller is fitted to a solid flange
coupling at the aft end of the shaft,
- Normal survey

- The shaft and its fittings are not exposed

- Modified survey
to corrosion,

- Partial survey
- The design details are approved,

1.6.1.1 Normal survey

- A non-destructive examination of the fillet
radius of the propeller shaft flange may be
Propeller shafts and tube shafts are to be sufficiently
required If the visual examination of the area
drawn to permit entire examination at the following
is not satisfactory,or
intervals unless alternative means are provided to assure
the condition of the shaft.

1.6.1.1.1 Where the propeller shafts and tube shafts are

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
B Section 3 – Surveys
- where
- The propeller is fitted keyless to the shaft
taper,
- The shaft is protected from seawater,
- The design details are approved,
- A non-destructive examination is made at
each survey by an approved crack detection
method of the forward part of the aft shaft
taper.
In all other cases the nominal interval of survey is to be
p/2 years with an admissible time window of ± 6 months.
1.6.1.1.2 Propeller shafts and tube shafts are to be
sufficiently drawn to permit entire examination. For
further details see C.4.1.1.1.
For oil lubricated arrangement, the shaft need not be
drawn at the occasion of the normal survey, provided that
all exposed areas of the after shaft area as described in
1.6.1.1.1 are examined by an approved crack-detection
method where,
- The clearances and wear down of the bearings,
- The records of lubricating oil analysis, oil
consumption and bearing temperature,
- The visible shaft areas.
are examined and found satisfactory. The crack
detection test of the aft flange fillet area may be
dispensed with for the solid flange couplings fitted at the
end of the shaft, see also 1.6.1.1.1.
Lubricating oil and bearing temperature controls are to be
performed as specified in 1.6.1.2.2. For further details
see C.4.1.1.2. Where any doubt exists regarding the
findings of the above, the shaft is to be sufficiently drawn
to permit an entire examination.
1.6.1.2 Modified survey
1.6.1.2.1 For single and multi-shafting arrangements a
TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
3-7
modified survey may be accepted instead of the normal
survey at alternate p yearly survey intervals, at the most,
subject to:
- The shaft is fitted with oil lubricated bearings and
oil sealing glands,
- The shaft and its fittings are not exposed to
corrosion,
- New oil seals may be fitted without removal of the
propeller (except in the case of keyed propeller),
- The design details are approved.
and provided that the clearances of the aft bearing are
found in order and the lube oil and the oil sealing
arrangements have proved effective in any of the
following three cases:
- Where the propeller is keyed on the shaft taper
and suitable crack-prevention measures are
taken, or
- Where the propeller is fitted to a solid flange
coupling at the end of the shaft, or
- Where the propeller is fitted keyless to the shaft
taper.
The maximum interval between two successive normal
surveys is not to exceed 2p years.
1.6.1.2.2 The shaft is to be sufficiently drawn to permit
examination of the aft bearing contact area of the shaft.
For further details see C.4.1.2.1.
Drawing of the shaft to expose the aft bearing contact
area of the shaft may not be required where a lubricating
oil analysis is carried out regularly at intervals not
exceeding 6 months, and the oil consumption and bearing
temperature are recorded and considered to be within
permissible limits. The documentation on lubricating oil
analysis is to be available on board and be checked. Each
analysis should include the minimum parameters:
- Water content,
3-8 Section 3 – Surveys B

- Chloride content, systems, pump jet units, etc., are subject to the same
survey intervals as propeller shafts and tube shafts.
- Content of bearing metal particles,

- Oil aging (resistance to oxidation). 1.7 Periodical surveys and tests of

individual machinery items

Oil samples should be taken under service conditions. For

further details see C.4.1.2.2. The class notation CM-PS 1.7.1 The periodical surveys of individual

assumes the fulfillment of these requirements. Where machinery items or installations listed below are to be

any doubt exists regarding the findings of the above, the carried out in addition to those prescribed in 1.4 and

shaft is to be sufficiently drawn to permit an examination C.1.3 for maintenance of class.

according to C.4.1.2.1.
1.7.2 Auxiliary steam boiler plants

1.6.1.3 Partial survey

1.7.2.1 Steam boilers are to be subjected to the

1.6.1.3.1 Upon request by the Naval Authority for following examinations and tests at regular intervals.

shafts where the modified survey is applicable and The term 'steam boilers' includes exhaust gas boilers
and warm water and hot water generators (except

- A prolonged service fatigue life of seals is where they are heated by steam or liquids).

expected due to the appropriate combination of

materials and controlled pressures in way of 1.7.2.2 External inspection

seals
Boilers are to be subjected at annual intervals to an

consideration may be given to a prolongation of the p- external inspection in accordance with the TL

yearly interval between normal surveys, provided a inspection programme.

partial survey is performed. For the external inspection a time window of ± 3

months is applicable.

In no case must the interval between normal surveys

exceed 1.5 times the due interval. 1.7.2.3 Internal inspection

1.6.1.3.2 The partial survey consists of checking the oil Steam boilers are to be subjected to internal
sealing glands and the clearance of the bearings. For inspections at least twice in every Class period. On no

keyed propellers, the propeller is to be dismantled to account the maximum interval between two internal

expose the forward part of the taper, and a non inspections shall exceed 3 years.

destructive examination by an approved crack detection

method is to be performed. For further details see 1.7.2.4 An extension of the internal inspection of the

C.4.1.3. boiler up to 3 months can be granted under

exceptional circumstances. The extension may be

1.6.2 Propellers granted by TL after the following is satisfactorily

carried out:
During normal or modified surveys of the propeller shafts
and tube shafts, the propellers as well as the remote and - External inspection of the boiler
local control gear of controllable pitch propellers are to be
surveyed at the Surveyor's discretion, depending on the - Functional test of the boiler safety valves
findings.

- Functional test of the boiler protective

1.6.3 Other systems
devices

Other systems for main propulsion purposes, such as

- Review of the following records since the
rudder and steering propellers, azimuthing propulsor
last internal inspection:

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
B Section 3 – Surveys 3-9

- operational documentation any case, all gas cylinders having failed shall be
replaced by new ones.
- maintenance documentation
Halon containers of existing fixed Halon fire
- repairs carried out extinguishing systems are exempted from this
requirement.
- records of water analysis
Irrespective thereof, on the occasion of recharging
1.7.3 Steam pipes CO2 cylinders, Halon containers and other gas
cylinders are to be tested, if the last test dates back 10
1.7.3.1 Steam pipes are to be examined regularly years or more.
every p years, possibly in connection with a class
renewal survey. Starting from Class Renewal II the 1.7.4.4 Low pressure CO2 bulk storage containers
steam pipes are to be examined as to their internal are subject to internal survey if the content has been
and, where advisable, as to their external condition as released and the container is more than 5 years old
well, employing non-destructive testing methods, but not more frequently than once within five years.
where necessary, see C.5.3.
1.7.4.5 In the case of vessels for powder
1.7.3.2 Steam pipes with service temperatures extinguishing agents, periodical pressure tests may be
exceeding 500 °C are to be examined for expansion at dispensed with, provided that their internal inspection
p year intervals, starting from class Renewal II, at the does not reveal any deficiencies.
latest.
1.7.4.6 Receivers in hydraulic or pneumatic control
1.7.4 Pressure vessels systems are to be examined during maintenance and
repairs at the system; air receivers with a product of
1.7.4.1 Pressure vessels which are subject to pressure by cubic capacity p . l ≥ 1000 (p in bar) are
survey by TL according to the Construction Rules, are to be subjected to an internal inspection at least once
to be examined internally and externally every p years, during each class period and/or at intervals not
possibly in connection with a Class Renewal Survey. exceeding 5 years.

1.7.4.2 Pressure vessels having a product of 1.7.4.7 The intervals between surveys as referred
pressure [bar] by cubic capacity [l] of p . l ≤ 200 are to to may be reduced, depending on the findings .
be surveyed on the occasion of checking of the
pertinent piping system. 1.7.5 Automation equipment

1.7.4.3 Periodical tests of CO2 cylinders and other 1.7.5.1 For confirmation of the Class Notation,
gas cylinders for fire-extinguishing purposes are to be machinery having been assigned the Notations
carried out at intervals not exceeding 2p years, as AUT-N or AUT-Nnh is to be inspected in accordance with

follows: TL programmes during Annual, Intermediate or Class

Renewal Surveys, respectively.

At least 10 % of the gas cylinders provided are to be

subjected to an internal inspection and hydrostatic
test. If one or more gas cylinders fail, a total of 50 %
of the gas cylinders provided are to be subjected to an
internal inspection and hydrostatic test. If further gas
cylinders fail at the extended test, all gas cylinders are
to be subjected to foregoing tests. In
1.8 Bottom surveys
1.8.1 Naval ships are generally to be subjected to a
bottom survey twice during the Class period p.
As a matter of principle, Class renewal includes the
second bottom survey. The first required bottom survey
shall be planned as follows:

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
3-10 Section 3 – Surveys
For p = 5, the bottom survey may be carried out in
connection with the second or third regular annual survey
within the Class period, but not later than 36 months after
the last bottom survey.
For p = 6, the bottom survey should be carried out on the
occasion of the intermediate survey, but not later than 39
months after the last bottom survey.
In exceptional circumstances (2), an extension of
examination of the ship's bottom of 3 months beyond the
due date can be granted.
1.8.2 Bottom surveys will generally have to be carried
out in dry dock. For in-water surveys see 1.9. Bottom
surveys serve the purpose of periodical checking the
underwater hull, the openings and clo- sures in the shell
relating to machinery systems and externally arranged
components of the steering and propulsion systems. For
details, see C.4 and C.6.
1.8.3 If a bottom survey is intended to be credited to
a Class renewal, all checking of hull and machinery
prescribed for the respective Class renewal and usually
requiring dry docking will have to be carried out.
A bottom survey for Class renewal may be carried out up
to 15 months before completion of the Class Renewal
Survey, see 1.4.
1.8.4 It is also expected that for each bottom survey
performed in addition to the bottom surveys stipulated by
the Classification requirements a TL Surveyor will be
called to attend.
1.8.5 Bottom surveys at an "Extended dry-dock
interval" can be credited as IW survey during
Intermediate and Class Renewal Surveys in terms of the
1,5p years interval, see 1.10.
1.9 In-water surveys
1.9.1 For ships assigned the Class Notation IWS, an
in-water survey performed with the assistance of
(2) Exceptional circumstances”, e.g. means unavailability of
drydocking facilities, unavailability of repair facilities,
unavailability of essential materials, equipment or spare parts,
or delays incurred by action taken to avoid severe weather
conditions.
TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
B
approved divers may be recognized as a substitute for
every second periodical bottom survey in a dry dock, see
C.4.
1.9.2 On request and in exceptional cases only, in-
water surveys with the assistance of approved divers
may also be carried out as a substitute for every second
bottom survey in a dry dock for ships not carrying the
Class Notation IWS. In any such case TL Head Office is
to be informed. The relevant permission will be endorsed
in the annex to the Class Certificate.
1.9.3 Special consideration will be given to ships
aged 15 years and over, prior to permission being
granted to carry out an in-water survey in lieu of a bottom
survey in dry dock.
1.10 Extended dry-dock interval
The "Extended dry-dock interval" applies also to naval
ships.
1.10.1 The "Extended dry-dock interval" for 1,5p years
is limited from the delivery of the ship to the age of 15
years.
1.10.2 At the 7,5 years interval it is possible to perform
the first two forthcoming bottom surveys as underwater
survey in the scope of an in-water survey. The third
bottom survey at 1,5p years has to be performed in dry-
dock. The interval is independent whether the bottom
survey will be performed at an Intermediate or Class
Renewal Survey.
1.10.3 The Naval Authority has the possibility to join
the "Extended dry-dock interval" from delivery of the ship
or between the years to an age of 10 years. The interval
of bottom survey will be adapted according to the date of
entry. The necessary bottom surveys with in-water
survey and dry-docking will be performed in accordance
with interval created by date of entry.
1.10.4 Necessary requirements for implementation of
the "Extended dry-dock interval":
- Requirements of IWS notation
- Planned Maintenance System Hull
- Planned Maintenance System Machinery
according to "Instructions for Planned
Maintenance System"
B,C Section 3 – Surveys 3-11

- Shaft bearing and sealing system of approved 2.3 Conversion surveys

design and regular monitoring procedures
implemented
- Hull, rudder and shafting systems to be
inspectable during in-water survey
In case of conversion of the ship's hull or machinery,
surveys are to be conducted in accordance with the
relevant approved particulars, as in the case of new
buildings, see Section 1, D.3.

- Protective coating in double bottom/double side 2.4 Extraordinary surveys

ballast tanks, void spaces and all other spaces
adjacent to the shell should be maintained in
GOOD condition (*);
Once the conditions for the scheme are no longer
present, the ship will return to the normal docking interval
and any due dock survey shall be carried out by the due
date.
TL reserve the right to require extraordinary surveys to
be held independently of any regular surveys. Such
surveys may become necessary for examining the ship's
technical condition and are understood to be a part of
TL's Quality Assurance System.
3. Special equipment

The extended Dry-Docking Scheme is in any case
subject to approval by the Naval Authority.
(*) GOOD condition: Condition with only minor spot
rusting
2. Non-Periodical Surveys
Periodical surveys and tests of special equipment
covered by the Class, such as diving installations,
firefighting installations, incinerators or sea-water
desalination systems, are to be carried out in accordance
with the respective programmes fixed or to be fixed by
TL for such special equipment characteristic of a
particular type of ship.

2.1 Damage and repair surveys 4. Additional Safety Measures

Damage and repair surveys fall due whenever the ship's For all concerned ships the strength of the small hatches
hull, machinery, as well as special equipment and and their securing devices fitted on the exposed fore
installations covered by the Classification have suffered deck, are to comply with additional requirements (3) for
a damage which might affect validity of Class, or if these structures.
damage may be assumed to have occurred as a
consequence of an average or some other event, see The strength requirements to resist sea forces of items,
Section 1, D.2.3. such as air and ventilator pipes and their closing
appliances, and the securing of windlasses located within
2.2 Voyage repairs and maintenance the forward quarter length, are to comply with additional
requirements (4) for fore deck fittings and equipment
Where repairs to hull, machinery or equipment, which
affect or may affect Class are to be carried out by a riding
crew during a voyage, they are to be planned well in C. Performance and Scope of Periodical
advance. A complete repair procedure including the
Surveys
extent of proposed repair and the need for Surveyor's
attendance during the voyage is to be submitted to and
1. Annual Surveys
agreed upon with TL. Failure to notify TL in advance of
the repairs may result in suspension of the ship's Class.
1.1 General

Maintenance and overhaul to hull, machinery, as well as

Unless a dry docking survey is due, see B.1.8, annual
special equipment and installations in accordance with
surveys may be carried out with the ship afloat.
the recommended manufacturer's procedures and
established marine practice and which does not require
TL approval, are not included. However, any repair as a
result of such maintenance and overhauls which affects
or may affect Class is to be noted in the ship's log and
submitted to the attending Surveyor for use in (3) Additional requirements see TL- R S 26
determining further survey requirements. (4) Additional requirements see TL- R S 27.

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
3-12 Section 3 – Surveys
1.2 Hull structure and related equipment
The main structural elements of the hull are to be
subjected to a general visual inspection, as far as
accessible. Engine rooms, storage and service spaces,
ro-ro decks are to be surveyed at random, depending on
the ship type and the age and general condition of the
ship. Where damages or excessive wastage affecting the
Class are suspected, the Surveyor is entitled to carry out
further investigations.
1.2.1 Hatches and covers, bulkhead doors, ramps
and any openings in the outer shell shall be surveyed at
each opportunity arising, but at least once a year,
regarding structural integrity as well as tightness and
operability of all closures.
Additionally to the overall survey the following structural
members of bow, side and stern doors are to be
thoroughly inspected:
- All hinges and the pertinent hydraulic cylinders in
way of their securing points,
- All securing elements of the locking devices and
stoppers.
Bow, side and stern doors with a clear opening of less
than 12 m2 are to be checked as per the surveyor's
instructions for their operability and unobjectionable
technical condition. Car decks are to be surveyed in
respect of operational safety, technical condition and
accident prevention.
1.2.3 The rudder and maneuvering arrangement and
the anchor equipment are to be checked for visible
damages. For the related machinery and for operability,
see 1.3.
1.2.4 For ballast tanks, in the case of substantial
corrosion damages (5), annual surveys may be required,
see 2.2.1.
(5) “Substantial Corrosion” is an extreme of corrosion
such that assessment of corrosion pattern indicates wastage in
excess of 75 % of allowable margins, but within acceptable
limits.
TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
C
1.3 Machinery
The machinery including electrical installations will be
subjected to the following surveys and operational
checks:
- General inspection of machinery and boiler rooms,
with special regard to the propulsion system, the
auxiliary engines, possible fire and explosion
sources, and checking of emergency exits as to
their free passage,
- External inspection of boilers and pressure
vessels, with their appliances and safety devices.
For details regarding boilers, see 5.2.,
- Inspection and checking of the remote control,
quick-closing/stopping devices of pumps, valves,
ventilators, etc.,
- Random checking of the remote control and
automation equipment,
- Inspection and functional checking of the main and
auxiliary steering gear, including their appliances
and control systems,
- Checking of all communication systems between
bridge and machinery, boiler and steering gear
rooms,
- Inspection of the bilge system, including remote
control actuators and bilge filling level monitors,
- Checking of the main and emergency power
supply systems, including the switch gear and
other important electrical installations,
- Survey of explosion-proof installations,
- Checking of further permanently installed
installations to the Surveyor's discretion, e.g.
provision cooling plant, air conditioning,
incinerating plant, etc.
- For Class Notation CM-PS the stern tube
lubrication oil system has to be surveyed and the
correct performance of oil sampling, evaluation
C Section 3 – Surveys
of the temperature of the stern tube bearings and
the evaluation of the oil consumption as well as
the results of the required measurements
according CM-PS record file have to be checked
and confirmed in the relevant forms of the record
file.
- where harmonic filters are installed on main
busbars of electrical distribution system, other
than those installed for single application
frequency drives such as pump motors; As a
minimum, harmonic distortion levels of main
busbar on board a ships are to be measured
annually under seagoing conditions as close to
the periodical machinery survey as possible so as
to give a clear representation of the condition of
the entire plant to the surveyor. Harmonic
distortion readings are to be carried out when the
greatest amount of distortion is indicated by the
measuring equipment. An entry showing which
equipment was running and/or filters in service is
to be recorded in the log so this can be replicated
for the next periodical survey. Harmonic distortion
levels are also to be measured following any
modification to the ship’s electrical distribution
system or associated consumers by suitably
trained ship’s personnel or from a qualified
outside source.
Records of all the above measurements are to be
made available to the surveyor at each periodical
survey.
1.4 Fire extinguishing and fire alarm systems
1.4.1 The following items/systems are subject to
inspection and/or testing, where applicable:
- Fire mains system, including at least 20% of hoses
and nozzles,
- Gas fire extinguishing system,
- Dry powder fire extinguishing system,
- Foam fire extinguishing system,
- Sprinkler system, including water mist sprinkler
System, if applicable,
TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
3-13
- Water and/or foam drencher system,
- Any other fixed fire extinguishing system provided,
- Portable fire extinguishers, mobile fire
extinguishers, including portable foam application
units,
- Fire detection and alarm systems,
- Emergency stops for ventilation fans, boiler forced
draft fans, fuel transfer pumps, fuel oil purifiers,
- Quick-closing fuel valves,
- Fire closures, fire dampers, etc.,
- Fireman's outfits.
1.4.2 Additional requirements
1.4.2.1 Fixed fire extinguishing systems
Fixed fire extinguishing systems, such as gas, foam, dry
powder or water mist systems, are subject to
maintenance by approved or recognized specialists
every 2 years.
Water-spray systems supplied by the fire main and
consisting solely of an isolating valve and open nozzles
may be excluded from this requirement and may be
subjected to the shipborne maintenance scheme (e.g. for
paint store).
On the occasion of these inspections all CO2 hose
assemblies must be subjected to a visual check. All CO2
hose assemblies made of synthetic rubber must be
replaced not later than 10 years from the date of
manufacture.
1.4.2.2 Pressure vessels
Pressure vessels of fixed gas based fire extinguishing
systems are subject to level checks every 2 years.
These checks may be performed by the ship’s staff,
provided that the results are recorded and an entry is
made into the ship’s log. In the event of loss of more
than 10 % of CO2, respectively more than 5 % of other
3-14 Section 3 – Surveys C

extinguishing gases including halon, charging is to be Records of inspections at fire-extinguishers are to be kept
arranged for. For periodical testing, see 3.3.5. on board. They shall show the date of inspection, the type
of maintenance carried out and whether or not a pressure
1.4.2.3 Fixed foam fire-extinguishing systems test was performed.

Foam concentrate for fixed foam fire extinguishing 1.4.2.6 More extensive regulations of the Naval
systems is to be examined not later than 3 years after Authority regarding other inspection intervals /
filling into the system, and yearly thereafter. The performance of the tests should be observed.
examination is to be performed by the manufacturers or
by an independent recognized laboratory. Reports are to 1.5 Bridge control stand

be presented to the Surveyor. Manufacturer's

On the occasion of the annual survey an operational test
certificates stating the properties of the foam concentrate
of the relevant equipment is to be performed on board of
shall be available onboard for reference of the surveyor.
ships assigned the Class Notation NAV or NAV-INS.

1.4.2.4 Portable foam applicator units

1.6 Equipment related to the Notation NBC

The foam concentrate for the portable foam applicators

Equipment and provisions, such as closures, ventilation
is to be renewed on the occasion of every 5 years.
systems, filters, sensors, alarms etc., serving the
protection against nuclear, biological or chemical fall-
1.4.2.5 Portable and mobile fire-extinguishers
out, shall be surveyed according to the instructions
established by the parties involved.
Portable fire-extinguishers and mobile fire-extinguishers are
subject to periodical inspections in accordance with the
2. Intermediate Surveys
manufacturer's instructions and shall be serviced at
intervals not exceeding one year. 2.1 General

Inspection and service shall only be undertaken by, or under 2.1.1 Intermediate surveys shall include all the
the supervision of, a person with demonstrable competence inspections and checks required for annual surveys.
and should follow the inspection guide in Table 9.1.3 of IMO Additionally, the following requirements shall be
Res. A.951(23). Each fire-extinguisher is to be provided with observed.
a label showing the date of inspection and name and
signature of the competent person. 2.1.2 The requirements apply to naval ships in general.
Additional requirements may have to be observed for
At least one portable fire-extinguisher of each type particular ship types, due to request of the Naval Authority
manufactured in the same year shall be test discharged as or in connection with manufacturer's recommendations for
part of a fire drill at 5 yearly intervals. Fire-extinguishers special equipment.
used shall be provided with a visual indication of discharge.
Instructions for recharging fire-extinguishers are to be 2.2 Hull structure
supplied by the manufacturer and be available for use on
2.2.1 Ballast tanks
board.

2.2.1.1 In ships aged p to 2p years, selected ballast

All portable fire-extinguishers together with propellant
tanks are to be examined for corrosion damages and/or
cartridges, if any, shall be hydraulically tested in accordance
damage of their coatings. Depending on the survey
with the recognized standard or the manufacturer's
result, and in particular in the case of poor hard protective
instruction at intervals not exceeding 10 years.
coating condition (6), if soft coating (7) or semihard
coating has been applied, or if when built the tanks were
not provided with a hard protective coating,

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
C Section 3 – Surveys
the survey is to be extended to additional tanks of same
type.
2.2.1.2 If the hard protective coating in ballast tanks
except the double bottom tanks is found to be in poor
condition (6), but is not renewed, if soft coating (7) or
semihard coating has been applied, or if when built, the
tanks were not provided with a hard protective coating,
or if corrosion respectively other defects are found,
maintenance of Class is to be subject to the tanks in
question being examined at annual intervals, and
thickness measurements carried out as considered
necessary.
Also in case of double bottom tanks, annual surveys may
have to be carried out.
Semi-hard coatings in ballast tanks, if already applied,
will not be accepted from the next special or intermediate
survey commenced on or after 1 July 2010, whichever
comes first, with respect to waiving the annual internal
examination of ballast tanks as required in above.
2.2.1.3 In ships aged 2p years and over, during the
intermediate survey, selected ballast tanks are to be
examined for damages to the hull structural elements and
to the hard protective coating. If applicable the procedure
as outlined in 2.2.1.2 shall be followed.
2.2.1.4 If such inspections reveal no visible structural
defects, the examination may be limited to a verification
that the corrosion protection system remains efficient.
2.2.1.5 If the hard protective coating is to be partly or
totally renewed, only approved coating is applicable in
case of a repair. The whole working procedure including
the surface preparation has to be documented.
(6) Poor condition: breakdown of protective coating
over 20 % or more of areas, or hard scale at 10 % or more
areas under consideration
(7) “Soft coating” means: Solvent-free coating on base
of wool grease, grease, mineral oils and/or wax that remains
soft so that it wears off when touched.
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2.2.1.6 Compartments and rooms normally not
accessible, or accessible only after special preparations,
may be required to be opened for inspection, depending
on the ship's age and available information about service
conditions.
2.2.2 Bow, side and stern doors
Additionally crack tests shall be carried out at structural
members of bow, side and stern doors as per 1.2.2.
Essentially, the crack tests will cover:
- Main joining welds and their interfacial areas both
on the vessel's hull and on the doors,
- Highly stressed areas in way of the centers of
rotation of the hinges,
- Highly stressed areas of the locking devices and
their stoppers,
- Repair welding.
For crack detection the dye penetration method or the
magnetic particle inspection method shall be employed,
and a test protocol is to be prepared.
2.3 Machinery and electrical installations
2.3.1 Measurements
The following measurements are generally to be
performed and/or proved by up-to-date protocols that
they have been carried out:
- Crank web deflection, main engine(s),
- Crank web deflection, auxiliary diesel engine(s)
(where relevant),
- Axial thrust bearing clearance of shafting
system(s),
- Axial thrust bearing clearance of main and
auxiliary gas turbine rotors (where applicable),
3-16 Section 3 – Surveys C

- Insulation resistance of generators and electrical 3. Class Renewal Surveys

motors, including cabling and switch gear.
3.1 General
2.3.2 Operational tests
3.1.1 In addition to the inspections and checks to be
In addition to the requirements under 2.3.1, the following carried out on occasion of the annual and intermediate
system components are to be subjected to operational surveys, for Class renewal the following requirements
tests: shall be observed.

- Emergency generating set, including emergency

3.1.2 The Class Renewal Survey is in principle to be
switchboard (where applicable),
held when the ship is in dry dock or on a slipway, unless

- Emergency bilge valve(s), a dry docking survey has already been carried out within

the admissible period, see B.1.8.

- Bilge, ventilation and monitoring systems for the
carriage of dangerous substances,
The ship is to be placed on blocks of sufficient height so

that the keel, the bottom plating, the rudder and any other
- Drainage facilities of starting-air and control-air
receivers, installations at the bottom can be examined in a

satisfactory manner.
- General operational test of the machinery and
electrical installation to demonstrate unrestricted 3.1.3 For surveys normally requiring dry-docking, and
operability, as indicated by the Surveyor.
where the Notation IWS has been assigned, the
requirements according to B,1.9. have to be observed.
2.3.3 Automation equipment

3.2 Hull structure

The automation equipment is to be checked according to
B,1.7.5.
3.2.1 Class Renewal I
2.3.4 Elastic mounting of deck houses
Class Renewal I has to be performed at the end of the
Elastic mounting of deckhouses have to be thoroughly first Class period p. For definition see B.1.4.2.
checked for the general condition and operability of:

3.2.1.1 Hull, general

- The spring elements (possibly pre-stressing of
screwed connections)
At the Surveyor's discretion, the survey on principle
covers the whole hull structure, particularly those areas
- The insulation
which from experience are known to be exposed to
fatigue and corrosion, such as openings in the shell and
- The securing devices to prevent shifting and lifting
in the deck including doors and hatch coamings and

- The pipe and cable connections to the hull covers, tanks, engine foundations and ends of
superstructures. As a matter of principle, all machinery
If damages are suspected, mountings not easily spaces, dry spaces, store rooms, pipe tunnels,
accessible are to be dismounted and examined in detail. cofferdams and void spaces are to be examined,
including the piping systems.

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C Section 3 – Surveys
3.2.1.2 Preparation for inspection
All spaces required to be inspected are to be cleared,
cleaned and ventilated where necessary at the
Surveyor's discretion so that all structural parts, such as
frames, floor plates, stringers, inner bottom, etc. can be
examined. For tanks, see 3.2.1.3.
Where soft (7) or semi-hard coating has been applied,
safe access is to be provided for the surveyor to verify
the effectiveness of coating and to assess the internal
structure. When safe access cannot be provided, it may
be necessary to remove this soft or semi-hard coating, at
least partially.
Where ships have no double bottom, it is left to the
Surveyor's discretion to have portions of the bottom
ceiling of each watertight compartment removed on
either side of the ship, especially near the centre-line
girder and in way of the bilge pipes and sounding pipes,
so that the bottom structure below may be examined.
Where ships have a double bottom, the ceiling is to be
removed at several points, at the Surveyor's discretion.
Where the structural elements are covered, the Surveyor
may require parts of the covering to be removed. If
deemed necessary by the Surveyor, defective cement
and asphalt covering is to be removed. The steel work is
to be examined before painting or before the cement or
other coverings are renewed.
3.2.1.3 Tank surveys
In principle all ballast tanks are to be inspected; if
applicable; the procedure as outlined in 2.2.1.2 shall be
followed.
If the inspection reveals no visible structural defects, the
examination may be limited to a verification that the
protective coatings remain efficient.
Fuel oil, lubricating oil and fresh water tanks need not
to be emptied, if their tightness can be verified by an
external examination while they are completely filled
and there is no reason for doubt as to their un
objectionable condition. However, fore and after peak are
in any case subject to internal examinations at
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each Class Renewal Survey, see also Table 3.1.
3.2.1.4 Tightness tests
Each compartment of the double bottom and all
tanks, the boundary plating of which forms part of the
ship's main structure, are to be subjected to pressure
tests. Fuel oil, lubricating oil and fresh water tanks may
be tested by filling with the respective liquid.
The test pressure applied is to correspond to a head of
water up to the top of the overflow/air pipe or up to the
hatch of a tank, where applicable, whichever is higher.
The tightness of pipe tunnels outside the inner bottom,
and of void spaces, may be tested by air pressure. Air
pressure testing of other spaces is to be agreed with
the Surveyor from case to case. The overpressure must
not exceed 0,2 bar.
3.2.1.5 Thickness measurements
If the Surveyor has reason to suspect premature
inadmissible corrosion, he may require the rust to be
removed from parts of the structure and thickness
measurements to be carried out, see D.
3.2.1.6 Rudder, equipment, deck openings, etc.
The Class Renewal Survey also covers other parts
essential for the operation and safety of the ship, such as
rudder and steering gear, watertight doors, sluice
valves, air and sounding pipes, gas freeing and safety
arrangements of cargo tanks, life-boat davits,
companionways, hatches, scuppers and water drain
pipes with their valves, fire protecting arrangements,
masts, anchors, anchor chains and hawsers.
Doors, if any, are to be checked, see 2.2.2.
The rudder, rudder couplings and bearings, as well as the
stock are to be surveyed in mounted condition, the
rudder clearance to be measured and documented. The
steering gear is to be subjected to an operational trial.
If considered necessary in view of the inspection
results, the rudder and/or parts of the steering gear may
have to be dismantled.
3-18 Section 3 – Surveys
3.2.1.7 Engine room structure
The engine room structure is to be examined. Particular
attention is to be given to tank tops, shell plating in way
of tank tops, brackets connecting side shell frames and
tank tops, engine room bulkheads in way of tank top and
the bilge wells. Where wastage is evident or suspected,
thickness measurements are to be carried out.
3.2.1.8 Loading instruments and loading manual
Where necessary for the ship, at each Class Renewal,
the satisfactory operation of the approved loading
computer systems is to be tested in the presence of a TL
Surveyor using the approved test conditions.
At least 3 test conditions are to be checked, and the
results may not deviate from the approved figures by
more than 5 %.
The weights of the cargo, ballast, fuel, etc. are to be read
in step by step.
Where necessary for the ship, the Surveyor has to check
that the approved Loading Manual is on board.
3.2.2 Class Renewal II (age of ship p to 2p years)
3.2.2.1 The requirements for the second Class
renewal include those for Class Renewal I.
Additionally, the following investigations are to be
carried out.
3.2.2.2 The structural parts behind ceilings, floor
coverings and insulation are to be examined, as
required by the Surveyor and depending on the general
condition of the ship, see 3.2.1.2.
3.2.2.3 In principle, all tanks are to be examined
internally.
Lubricating oil and fresh water tanks are to be at least
examined at random examinations, as required by the
Surveyor, see Table 4.1.
In the case of seawater ballast tanks the procedure as
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outlined in 2.2.1.2 shall be followed, if applicable. Peak
tanks see 3.2.1.3
3.2.2.4 The chain cables are to be ranged so that they
can be examined for wear and other damages
throughout their length. The mean diameter of the anchor
chain cables is to be determined on at least 3 links per
length.
3.2.2.5 For thickness measurements, see 6.
3.2.2.6 Where hull structural members are made of
steel with yield strength of 460 N/mm2 and above,
additional ultrasonic testing of the butt welds is to be
carried out.
3.2.3 Class Renewal III and subsequent ones (age
of ships over 2p years)
3.2.3.1 The requirements for the third and the
subsequent Class renewals include those for the Class
Renewal II. Additionally, the following investigations are
to be carried out.
3.2.3.2 Ceilings, linings and insulation of all spaces
adjacent to the shell plating and the inner bottom shall be
removed, as indicated by the Surveyor, to enable the
steel structure to be examined in detail.
For Class Renewals IV and subsequent ones the inner
bottom ceilings are to be completely removed and the
tank top is to be carefully cleaned, such as to enable
proper assessment of the tank top's condition.
3.2.3.3 The wall lining underneath windows in the outer
shell is to be lifted as required by the Surveyor so that
the structure behind may be examined.
3.2.3.4 All tanks are to be examined internally. The fuel
oil, lubricating oil and fresh water tanks are to be
examined internally and tested to the maximum
working overpressure, at the Surveyor's discretion,
see 3.2.1.3 and Table 4.1. In the case of seawater
ballast tanks the procedure as outlined in 2.2.1.2 shall
be followed, if applicable.
3.2.3.5 The rudder body is to be examined. The
connections to the rudder stock and pertinent securing
C Section 3 – Surveys 3-19

devices are to be inspected. For clearances, see 6.2.2. - Turning gear,

The rudder stock is to be surveyed as far as accessible.
If deemed necessary in view of findings during this
external inspection, the stock is to be dismantled. In way
of the bearings, stock and pintle are to be examined for
corrosion.
- The main propulsion engines or gas turbines,
see 3.3.2.2 and 3.3.2.3; for auxiliary engines see
3.3.3.
For electrically driven propellers, see 3.3.8.

3.2.3.6 The weight of the anchors is to be checked. Spring elements made of rubber ring - with or without
plies of fabric - of rubber ring clutches with or without
3.3 Machinery including electrical installations plies of fabric and under shear load, and other rubber
or fibre reinforced plastic couplings are to be renewed,
3.3.1 General
if required on account of negative inspection results.

3.3.1.1 Except for individual machinery components as

3.3.2.2 Main propulsion engines
indicated in the following, the scope of all Class Renewal
Surveys related to the machinery including electrical
installations is identical. If the Continuous Class Renewal The following components are to be inspected and

system is applied, the indications according to B.1.5 are checked in the dismantled condition, where deemed
to be observed. necessary by the Surveyor:

3.3.1.2 Surveys requiring dry docking - Cylinders, cylinder covers, pistons, piston rods
and bolts, cross heads, crankshaft and all
While the ship is in dry dock, the sea inlet and discharge bearings,
valves are to be examined as to their condition and to be
opened up and overhauled once within a Class period
- Camshaft, with drive and bearings,
p.

- Tie rods, frame, foundation and fastening

Bow thrusters and positioning equipment are to be
subjected to a general survey, and to trials upon floating elements,

of the ship.
- Injection system, attached pumps and
For propeller(s), propeller and stern tube shaft(s), see 4. compressors, superchargers, suction and
exhaust lines, charging air coolers, filters,
monitoring, control, protective and safety
3.3.2 Propulsion system devices, starting, reversing and maneuvering
equipment.
3.3.2.1 Inspection of the propulsion system is mainly to
cover:
Note:

- Intermediate shafts and bearings, including

In case of medium speed diesel engines, dismantling and
thrust bearings,
replacement of main and crank bearings may be postponed

- Gearing, until the service life limits have been reached. The
acceptable intervals between overhauls are determined by TL
- Mechanical and flexible couplings, Head Office.

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3-20 Section 3 – Surveys C

Table 3.1 Minimum requirements for internal examination at Hull Class Renewal Surveys of structural fuel oil,
lube oil and fresh water tanks

Class renewal survey [no] and ship’s age [years]

III. and subsequent,
Tank (1), (2) I. Age ≤ p II. p < age ≤ 2p III. 2p < age ≤ 3p
age > 3p
Fuel oil bunker tanks
None None One One
(engine room)
Lube oil None None None One
Fresh water None One All All
(1) If a selection of tanks is accepted to be examined, then different tanks are to be examined at each Class Renewal Survey,
on a rotational basis
(2) Fore peak tanks and after peak tanks are subject to internal examination at each Class Renewal Survey

3.3.2.3 Main propulsion gas turbines Pressure vessels for which pressure [bar] times cubic
capacity [l] is less than or equal to 200 are to be
On occasion of each Class renewal, the vibration surveyed on the occasion of checking of the pertinent
behaviour of the main propulsion gas turbines is to be piping system.
investigated, possibly by regular checks during
operation. Depending on the result and as required by 3.3.5.2 Where pressure vessels cannot be satisfactorily
the Surveyor, the turbine casing(s) will have to be examined internally and where their unobjectionable
opened up and the rotor(s), bearings, etc. inspected in condition cannot be clearly stated during the internal
detail. inspection, approved non-destructive test methods
and/or hydraulic pressure tests are to be carried out.
The safety arrangements of the turbines are to be
tested. The hydraulic pressure test is to be performed at a test
pressure of 1,5 times the maximum allowable working
3.3.3 Auxiliary engines pressure. If the maximum allowable working pressure is
less than 2 bar, then the test pressure should be at
For all auxiliary engines, the survey scope is identical to least 1 bar more than the maximum allowable working
that applying to the main engines. A reduction in the pressure. Pressure vessels manufactured in accordance
scope of survey may be agreed to upon examination of with DIN Standard 4810 are, subject to that Standard, to
the maintenance protocols. be tested to 1,3 times the admissible working pressure.
The test pressure must in no case exceed the initial test
3.3.4 Steam boilers pressure.

3.3.4.1 For internal and external inspections of boilers,
see 5.2.
3.3.4.2 Steam pipes and heating coils shall be
examined according to agreed procedures.
3.3.6 Auxiliary machinery, equipment and piping
The following components are to be inspected and
tested in dismantled condition, where deemed necessary
by the Surveyor:

3.3.5 Pressure vessels - All pumps of the essential systems,

3.3.5.1 Pressure vessels are to be inspected internally - Air compressors, including safety devices,
and externally.

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C Section 3 – Surveys
- Separators, filters and valves,
- Coolers, pre-heaters, see 3.3.5,
- Main and auxiliary steering gear,
- Anchor and other windlasses, including drives,
- Piping, pipe connections, compensators and
hoses,
- Emergency drain valves and bilge piping
systems,
- Tank filling level indicators,
- Installations preventing the ingress of water into
open spaces,
- Fresh water distillation plant, where provided ,
- Oil purifier and sewage systems,
- Additional systems and components, where
deemed necessary by the Surveyor, as well as
special equipment and installations if included in
the scope of Classification.
3.3.7 Automation equipment
The monitoring equipment and the automated functions
of the machinery installation are to be subjected to
operational trials under service conditions in port. The
bridge remote control equipment of the propulsion
system will be examined as required.
3.3.8 Electrical installations
3.3.8.1 Propulsion machinery
If the ship is propelled by electrical machinery, the
propulsion motors, the propulsion generators and
exciters, particularly the windings of these machines and
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their ventilating systems are to be examined and tested.
Checking of the electric switch gear for operability is to
cover also the protective, safety and interlocking devices.
The electric cables and their connections are to be
inspected.
The insulation resistance of all electric machinery and
equipment is to be tested.
3.3.8.2 Dynamic positioning systems
Dynamic positioning systems according to Section 2,
C.4.3, including control systems, are to be subjected to
operational tests.
3.3.8.3 Auxiliary machinery
The electrical machinery and equipment, including the
generators, the motors of the essential services, the
switch gear including its protective and interlocking
devices, as well as the cable network are to be inspected
externally.
The insulation resistance is to be measured.
3.3.8.4 Explosion protection
Electrical installations and equipment located in
spaces in which there is a risk of inflammable gas or
vapour/air mixtures accumulating, spaces with explosive
and ammunition are to be checked as to the explosion
protection provided.
3.3.9 Pipes in tanks
Where pipes are led through tanks, they are to be
examined and, if required by the Surveyor, subjected to
hydraulic tests, if for the respective tanks an internal
examination is required according to 3.2.1.3. Depending
on the results obtained, thickness measurements may be
required. If heating coils are installed, pressure testing is
required.
3-22 Section 3 – Surveys
3.3.10 Fire extinguishing and fire alarm systems
3.3.10.1 General requirements
Proof is to be furnished to the Surveyor that the entire fire
extinguishing equipment is ready for operation and in a
satisfactory condition.
For details and trials, see 1.4.
Emergency exits/escapes are to be inspected.
CO2 cylinders (Halon bottles, where still used), see 5.4.3
and for due dates B,1.7.4.
On the occasion of every Class Renewal Survey all CO2
hose assemblies must be subjected to a visual check. All
CO2 hose assemblies shall be replaced by type approved
CO2 hose assemblies not later than 2p years from the
date of manufacture.
3.3.10.2 Periodical tests of CO2 cylinders for fire
extinguishing purposes are to be carried out at intervals not
exceeding 2p years. At least 10 % of the gas cylinders
provided are to be subjected to an internal inspection and
hydrostatic test. Halon containers of existing fixed
Halon fire-extinguishing systems are exempted from
this requirement.
Irrespective thereof, on the occasion of recharging CO2
cylinders and Halon containers are to be tested, if the
last test dates back 2p years or more.
Following a hydraulic pressure test, the vessels or
bottles are to be carefully dried.
3.3.10.3 In the case of vessels for powder
extinguishing agents, periodical pressure tests may be
dispensed with, provided that their internal inspection
does not reveal any deficiencies.
3.3.10.4 The intervals between surveys as referred to
may be reduced, depending on the findings.
3.3.11 For automation equipment see 5.5.
3.3.12 Dangerous goods
In ships carrying the Class Notation DG the equipment
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for the carriage of dangerous goods, e.g. special fire-
fighting, alarm, ventilation and explosion protection
equipment is to be surveyed as required.
3.3.13 Spare parts
Spare parts are to be checked for completeness as per
the Rule requirements and/or according to the lists
approved by TL and kept in the ship's files, as well as for
their operability.
3.3.14 Trials
Upon completion of the surveys for Class renewal, the
Surveyor must be satisfied that the entire machinery
installation including electrical installations and steering
gear, as well as special equipment and installations are
operable without any restrictions. In case of doubt, trials
and/or operational tests may be necessary.
4. Periodical Surveys of Propeller Shafts and
Tube Shafts, Propellers and Other Systems
The periodical surveys and tests of propeller shafts and
tube shafts, propellers and other systems defined in B.
1.6 are to be performed as follows.
4.1 Propeller shafts and tube shafts
4.1.1 Normal survey
The prerequisites are defined in B.1.6.1.1. It is
distinguished between:
- Survey with drawing of the shaft,
- Survey without drawing of the shaft.
4.1.1.1 Survey with drawing of the shaft
The scope of normal survey consists in the following:
- Dismantling of propeller and key, where fitted,
visual inspection of all parts of the shaft
especially the cone, the keyway, the bearing
contact areas of the shaft, the bearings, and the
thread of the propeller nut, or the fillet of the
flange, examination of the propeller fit,
C Section 3 – Surveys
- Non-destructive examination by an approved
crack detection method of the aft end of the
cylindrical part of the shaft and of about one third
of the length of the taper from the large end and of
the area of the keyway, or the fillet of the
flange in case of a solid flange coupling, The
crack detection test of the aft flange fillet area may
dispensed with for the solid flange couplings fitted
at the end of the shaft, see also B.1.6.1.1.1.
- Examination of the bearing clearances and/or
wear down before dismantling and after
reassembling of the shaft with recording of the
values measured,
- Overhaul of the shaft sealing glands according
to manufacturer's instructions (sealing rings,
liners, etc.).
4.1.1.2 Survey without drawing of the shaft
Where the prerequisites as defined in B. 1.6.1.1.2
apply, for oil lubricating arrangement the scope of
normal survey without drawing of the shaft consists in
the following:
- Examination of all accessible parts of the shaft
including the propeller connection to the shaft,
- Non-destructive examination by an approved
crack-detection method of the aft end of the
cylindrical part of the shaft and of about one third
of the length of the taper from the large end and of
the area of the keyway for keyed propellers, or of
the forward part of the aft shaft taper for
keyless propellers, or of the after fillet flange area
of the shaft for solid flange coupling propellers.
The crack detection test of the aft flange fillet area
may be dispensed with for the solid flange
couplings fitted at the end of the shaft, see also
B.1.6.1.1.1. The area to be examined is to be
sufficiently exposed, if necessary by shifting of the
propeller shaft or backing-off of the propeller,
- Examination of the bearing clearances,
respectively wear down of the aft bearing,
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- Overhaul of the shaft sealing glands according
to manufacturer's instructions (sealing rings,
liners, etc.),
- Examination of the records of all regularly
carried out lubricating oil analyses,
- Examination of the records of the oil consumption
and the bearing temperatures.
Where doubts exist regarding the findings, the shaft is
to be drawn to permit an entire examination.
4.1.2 Modified survey
The prerequisites are defined in B. 1.6.1.2. It is
distinguished between:
- Survey with exposing the aft bearing contact
area of the shaft,
- Survey without exposing the aft bearing contact
area of the shaft.
4.1.2.1 Survey with exposing the aft bearing
contact area of the shaft
The scope of the modified survey consists in the
following:
- Drawing the shaft to expose the aft bearing
contact area of the shaft,
- Examination of the forward bearing as far as
possible and of all accessible parts of the shaft
including the propeller connection to the shaft,
- Examination and overhaul of the oil sealing
glands according to manufacturer's instructions
(sealing rings, liners, etc.),
- Examination of the bearing clearances and/or
wear down of the shaft with recording of the
values measured,
- Examination of the lubricating oil analysis and
consumption to be within permissible limits,
- For keyed propellers, performing a non
3-24 Section 3 – Surveys
destructive examination by an approved crack-
detection method of about one third of the
length of the taper from the large end, for
which dismantling of the propeller is required,
examination of the propeller fit.
Where doubts exist regarding the findings, the shaft is
to be further dismantled, respectively drawn.
4.1.2.2 Survey without exposing the aft bearing
contact area of the shaft
Where the prerequisites as defined in B. 1.6.1.2.2
apply, the scope of the modified survey without
exposing the aft bearing contact area of the shaft
consists in the following:
- Examination and overhaul of the oil sealing
glands according to manufacturer's instructions
(sealing rings, liners, etc.),
- Examination of the bearing clearances and/or
wear down of the shaft with recording of the
values measured,
- For keyed propellers, performing a non
destructive examination by an approved crack
detection method of about one third of the
length of the taper from the large end, for
which dismantling of the propeller is required,
examination of the propeller fit.
In addition to this the survey shall include the following:
- Examination of the records of all regularly
carried out lubricating oil analyses,
- Examination of the records of the oil consumption
and the bearing temperatures.
Where doubts exist regarding the findings, the shaft is
to be further dismantled, respectively drawn.
4.1.3 Partial survey
The prerequisites are defined in B.1.6.1.3. The partial
survey consists in the following:
- Checking of the oil sealing for leakages,
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- Examination of the bearing clearances and/or
wear down of the shaft with recording of the
values measured,
- Examination of the records of the lubricating oil
analysis,
- Examination of the records of the oil consumption
and the bearing temperatures.
Where the propeller is fitted to a keyed shaft taper, in
addition:
- Dismantling of the propeller and examination of
the propeller fit,
- Non-destructive examination by an approved
crack-detection method of the aft end of the
cylindrical part of the shaft and of about one third
of the length of the taper from the large end and of
the area of keyway are to be performed.
Where doubts exist regarding the findings, the shaft is
to be further dismantled, respectively drawn.
4.2 Propellers
Propellers are to be examined visually on the occasion
of each propeller shaft or tube shaft survey.
Damages, such as cracks, deformation, cavitation
effects, etc. are to be reported and repaired at the
Surveyor's discretion.
Controllable pitch propellers are to be checked for oil
leakages. The function of the controllable pitch
propellers has to be tested. The maintenance
according to manufacturer's instructions has to be
checked.
4.3 Other systems
As far as practicable, the gearing and control elements
of rudder and steering propellers are to be examined
through inspection openings. For other systems such
as pod propulsion systems, pump jet units, etc., the
scope of survey is to be agreed with TL Head Office.
The maintenance according to manufacturer's
instructions is to be checked. A function
C Section 3 – Surveys
test is to be carried out.
5. Periodical Surveys and Tests of İndividual
Machinery Items
5.1 The periodical surveys and tests of individual
machinery items defined in B.1.7 are to be performed
as outlined below.
5.2 Steam boilers
5.2.1 External inspection
External inspection including functional test of the safety
and protective devices as well as the test of the safety
valves is to be carried out annually.
The operability and general condition of the entire boiler,
including its valves and fittings, pumps, piping,
insulation, foundation, control and regulating systems
and its protective and safety equipment, are to be
examined. Also, the boiler manual, operating instructions
and qualifications of the operating personnel are to be
checked.
For exhaust gas boilers, the safety valves are to be
functional tested by the Chief Technical Officer at sea
within the boiler external survey window. This test is to
be recorded in the log book for review by the attending
Surveyor prior to crediting the Annual Survey of
Machinery.
5.2.2 Internal inspection
Where deemed necessary by the Surveyor, the boiler is
to be cleaned on the water and flue gas sides and, if
required, its outside surfaces are to be uncovered as
well, so that all walls subject to pressure may be
examined.
At each survey the boilers, superheaters and
economizers are to be examined on water and steam
side as well as flue gas or exhaust gas side. Boiler
mountings and safety valves are to be examined at each
survey. They are to be opened up as considered
necessary by the Surveyor.
The set pressure and the function of the safety valves
are to be verified during each internal boiler inspection.
TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
3-25
For exhaust gas boilers, if steam pressure cannot be
raised at port, the safety valves are to be adjusted at the
test bench. The correct set pressure is to be verified by
the Chief Technical Officer at sea and the results to be
recorded in the log book for review by TL.
Review of the following records since the last boiler
survey is to be carried out as part of the survey:
- Operational documentation
- Maintenance documentation
- Repairs carried out
- Records of water analysis
Where the design of the boiler does not permit an
adequate internal inspection, hydraulic tests may be
required. It is left to the Surveyor's discretion to have the
internal inspection supplemented by hydraulic tests, if
considered necessary on account of the general
condition/appearance of the boiler.
Where there are doubts concerning the thickness of the
boiler walls, measurements shall be made using a
recognised gauging method. Depending on the results,
the allowable working pressure for future operation is to
be determined.
The hydraulic pressure test is to be carried out to a test
pressure of 1.5 times the allowable working pressure. If
the maximum allowable working pressure is less than 2
bar, the test pressure shall be at least 1 bar above the
maximum allowable working pressure. In no case the
test pressure should exceed the test pressure applied
during the constructional check and hydrostatic
pressure test of the boiler after completion.
5.2.3 Extraordinary inspection
Beyond the above mentioned periodical inspections,
extraordinary inspections including non-destructive
tests and hydraulic pressure tests may be required at
the Surveyor's discretion, e.g. in case of damages,
repairs and maintenance work.
3-26 Section 3 – Surveys
5.3 Steam pipes/heating coils
5.3.1 Steam pipes with steam temperatures of up to
350 °C and with outside diameters of more than 75 mm,
are to be examined at random. Examinations of the
internal condition of the pipelines, especially of pipe
bends, or additional more detailed examinations may be
required. Instead of the internal inspection, a hydraulic
test may be affected to a pressure equal to 1,5 times the
design pressure, but not exceeding that of the prescribed
test pressure for the pertinent boiler plant.
5.3.2 In the case of steam pipes with steam
temperatures exceeding 350 °C (at least two) selected
individual parts of pipes are to be dismounted from each
piping system (main steam pipe and auxiliary steam
pipes of each service group) having an outside diameter
exceeding 32 mm. Approximately 10 % of the welding
seams at bends, flanges or tee-branches are to be
subjected to an inspection for cracks by recognized non-
destructive test methods.
Before being used again, removed screws of flanged
joints are to be inspected for their general condition and
cracks and renewed, if necessary.
5.3.3 Steam pipes designed to resist steam
temperatures exceeding 500 °C and welded piping
systems are to be examined as follows:
Flanged pipes in accordance with B.1.7.3.2; however,
the inspection for cracks has to cover at least 20 % of the
welded seams.
If internal examination of welded piping systems through
the inspection holes appears to be inadequate or if their
reliable assessment is not possible even by ultrasonic
testing or an equivalent examination method, it may be
necessary to cut out certain parts of pipes. At least 20 %
of the welding seams are to be inspected for cracks.
Removed screws of flanged joints, see above 5.3.2.
5.3.4 Heating coils in oil tanks and vessels are to be
subjected to a pressure test to 1,5 times the allowable
working pressure.
TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
C
The same applies to heating coils in cargo tanks.
5.4 Pressure vessels
5.4.1 Subject to B.1.7.4, pressure vessels are to be
inspected internally and externally.
5.4.2 Supplementary tests
Where pressure vessels cannot be satisfactorily
examined internally and where their unobjectionable
condition cannot be clearly recognized during the
internal inspection, recognized non-destructive test
methods are to be applied and/or hydraulic pressure
tests are to be carried out.
The hydraulic pressure test is to be performed at a test
pressure of 1,5 times the maximum allowable working
pressure. If the maximum allowable working pressure is
less than 2 bar, then the test pressure should be at least
1 bar more than the maximum allowable working
pressure. Pressure vessels manufactured in accordance
with DIN Standard 4810 are, subject to that Standard, to
be tested to 1,3 times the admissible working pressure.
The test pressure shall in no case exceed the initial test
pressure.
5.4.3 CO2 low-pressure fire-extinguishing
systems and halon tanks
The surfaces are to be checked for corrosion at the
Surveyor's discretion.
Insulated vessels are to be exposed at some selected
points, such as to offer a general impression of the
vessel's external condition.
Following a hydraulic pressure test, the vessels and/or
bottles are to be carefully dried, see also B.1.7.4.4.
5.5 Automation equipment
The monitoring equipment and the automated functions
of the machinery installation are to be subjected to
operational trials according to B.1.7.5. The bridge remote
control equipment of the propulsion system will be
examined as required.
C Section 3 – Surveys 3-27

6. Dry Docking Surveys continued qualification for satisfactorily carrying out the
work required. The approval will have to be renewed
6.1 General after a period not exceeding 5 years.

For the survey the ship is to be placed on sufficiently high

7.2 Performance of survey
and secure blocks, so that all necessary examinations can
be carried out. It may be necessary to clean the bottom and
7.2.1 Unless accessible from outside with the aid of
outer shell and/or remove rust from some areas.
the ship's trim and/or heel, underwater parts are to be

6.2 Hull bottom survey surveyed and/or relevant maintenance work is to be

carried out with assistance by a diver whose performance
6.2.1 The survey covers an examination of the bottom is controlled by a Surveyor, using an underwater camera
and side plates of the shell plating, including any with monitor, communication and recording systems.
attachments, the rudder, the scuppers and water drain
pipes, including their closures. 7.2.2 Surveys of the underwater body are to be
carried out in sufficiently clear and calm waters.
6.2.2 Steering gear

The ship should be in light ship condition.

The rudder, rudder couplings and bearings, as well as
stocks and pintles, are to be surveyed in place, the rudder
The shell sides below the water-line and the bottom
clearance is to be measured and documented. The steering
must be free from fouling.
gear is to be subjected to an operational trial.

7.2.3 The underwater pictures on the surface

If considered necessary in view of the inspection
results, the rudder or parts of the steering gear will have monitor screen must offer reliable technical information

to be dismantled. such as to enable the Surveyor to judge the parts and/

or the areas surveyed.
Bow thrusters are normally to be inspected in place.
7.2.4 Documentation suited for video reproduction
6.2.3 Machinery and propulsion systems including voice is to be made available to TL.

6.2.3.1 For propeller(s), propeller shaft(s), stern 7.3 Additional examinations

tube(s), see 4.2.

7.3.1 Where, for instance, grounding is assumed to

6.2.3.2 Sea and discharge valves - including those of
have taken place, the Surveyor may demand individual
special equipment, if any - are to be checked as to their
parts of the underwater body to be additionally inspected
condition during each dry docking survey and to be
from inside.
opened up and overhauled once within a period of Class.

7.3.2 If during the in-water survey damages are found

7. In-Water Surveys
which can be assessed reliably only in dry-dock or

7.1 Approvals require immediate repair, the ship is to be dry docked. If

7.1.1 The diving firm assisting in in-water surveys
must be approved by TL for this purpose.
7.1.2 The validity of the approval will depend on the
the coating of the underwater body is in a condition which
may cause corrosion damages affecting ship's Class to
occur before the next dry docking, the ship is to be dry
docked.

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
3-28 Section 3 – Surveys D

D. Thickness Measurements and Corrosion 3. Scope of Measurements

Tolerances
3.1 Main hull structural elements
1. General

In Class Renewal II and all subsequent ones the plate

1.1 The thickness of structural elements is
thickness of the main hull (essential longitudinal and
checked by measurements, in order to assess whether
transverse) structural elements are to be checked by
or not the values stipulated in the Construction Rules are
measurements. The number of measurements depends
observed, taking into account the admissible tolerances.
on the ship's maintenance condition and is left to the
Unless severe corrosion has occurred owing to particular
Surveyor's discretion. The minimum requirements for
service conditions, thickness measurements will not be
thickness measurements on the occasion of Class
required until Class Renewal II, see C,2.2.1 and
Renewal Surveys are stated in Table 3.2, depending on
C,3.2.1.5.
the ship's age. Respective thickness measurements to
determine the general level of corrosion are to be carried
1.2 Thickness measurements are to be carried out
out.
in accordance with recognized methods and by
authorized personnel or companies, see 2. Rust and
3.2 The extent of thickness measurements may be
contamination are to be removed from the components
reduced, in comparison with those stated in Table 3.2,
to be examined. The Surveyor is entitled to require check
provided during the close-up examination according to
measurements or more detailed measurements to be
Table 3.3 the Surveyor satisfies himself that there is no
performed in his presence. The thickness measurements
structural diminution, and the protective coating, where
are to be witnessed by the Surveyor on board to the
applied, continues to be effective.
extent necessary to control the process.

The Surveyor may extend the scope of the thickness

The scope of thickness measurement as well as the
measurement as deemed necessary. This applies
reporting shall be fixed in a survey planning meeting
especially to areas with substantial corrosion.
between the Surveyor, representatives of the Naval
Authority and the approved thickness measurement
Transverse sections should be chosen where largest
operator/firm well in advance of measurements and prior
corrosion rates are suspected to occur or are revealed
to commencing the survey.
by deck plating measurements.

Special attention should be given for close-up surveys at

3.3 Seawater ballast tanks
areas affected by weapons, like missile launchers,
automatic guns, etc.
In the case of major corrosion damages, the structural
elements of seawater ballast tanks are to be checked by
Thickness measurements of structures in areas where
thickness measurements, see C,2.2.1.
close-up surveys are required on demand.

3.4 Where special reasons exist, the Surveyor may

2. Authorization
2.1 The personnel or the company entrusted with
thickness measurements as well as the procedure for
documentation must be approved by TL for this purpose.
2.2 The validity of the approval will depend on the
continued qualification. The approval will have to be
renewed after a period not exceeding 3 years.
demand thickness measurements to be carried out
already on the occasion of Class Renewal I, also outside
the area of 0.5 L amidships, see C,3.2.1.5. The same
applies in the case of conversion or repair of a ship.
3.5 In order to be used as a basis for Class renewal,
thickness measurements should, as far as practicable,
be carried out already on the occasion of the p-1, i.e.
fourth respectively fifth annual survey respectively 2p-1
for class renewal II.

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
D Section 3 – Surveys 3-29

3.6 Hull equipment - tk = as agreed with TL in case of special

applications
In Class Renewal II and all subsequent Class renewals
the cross sectional areas of the anchor chain cables are If tk = 0.0 mm, the fabrication tolerances as defined in TL
to be determined (chains Renewal II + anchors Renewal
Rules Chapter 2- Material, shall not be exceeded.
II). The mean diameters of the anchor chain cables are
Maximum permissible locally limited reduction of
to be determined by representative measurements,
thickness: 0.1t.
approx. 3 links per length of 27.5 m, made at the ends of
the links where the wear is greatest.
4.3.2 Aluminium alloys

4. Corrosion and Wear Tolerances

If the measures for corrosion protection described in the TL

4.1 Where thickness measurements according to 3.
result in corrosion and wear values exceeding those
stated in the following, the respective hull structural
elements will have to be renewed.
TL reserves the right where applicable to modify the
indicated values according to 4.3 and 4.5.3 referring to
the maximum permissible large-surface corrosion
allowances.
Where reduced material thickness was admitted for the
new building (effective system of corrosion prevention),
the permissible corrosion allowances are to be based on
the unreduced rule thickness.
Rules, Chapter 102 - Hull Structures and Ship Equipment,
Section 3, F. are fully applied, the corrosion reduction tk can
be assumed as 0,0 mm for the aluminium alloys defined in D.
of the same Section. In no case the fabrication tolerances as
defined in TL Rules Chapter 2 - Material shall be exceeded.
4.4 Anchor equipment
Maximum permissible reduction of the mean diameter of
chain links: 12 %.
Maximum permissible reduction in weight of anchors: 10 %.
4.5 High speed craft

4.2 Longitudinal strength 4.5.1 For naval vessels with Class Notation HSC-N or
HSDE which are designed as high speed (seagoing)
Maximum permissible reduction of midship section craft according to the TL Rules for High Speed Craft, the
modulus : 10%. following corrosion and wear tolerances apply,

4.3 Local strength 4.5.2 Longitudinal strength

4.3.1 Steel Maximum permissible reduction of midship section

modulus: 10 %.
Where applicable, the maximum permissible large
surface reduction tk of plate thickness and web thickness 4.5.3 Local strength
of profiles is:
Where applicable, the maximum permissible large-
- tk = 0.5 mm in general surface reduction tk of plate thickness and web thickness
of profiles is:
- t k = 0.7 mm for lubrication oil, gas oil or
equivalent tanks for t ≤ 10,5 mm: tk = 0,5 mm

- tk = 1.0 mm for water ballast tanks for t > 10,5 mm: tk = 0,03 t + 0,2 mm,
max. 1,0 mm

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
3-30 Section 3 – Surveys D

Tank bottoms: tk = 1,0 mm assumed as 0,0 mm for steel. The requirements for
aluminium alloys are defined in Section 3, K.3.2.3. In no
Maximum permissible locally limited reduction of case the under-thickness tolerances as defined in
thickness: 0,1 t. K.3.2.2.2 and K.3.2.3.3 shall be exceeded.

If the measures for corrosion prevention described in the 4.5.4 For anchor chain cables the maximum permissible
TL Rules, Chapter 7, High Speed Craft, Section 3, reduction of the mean diameter of chain links is 10 %.
K.3.1.5 are fully applied, the corrosion reduction tk can
be
Table 3.2 Class Renewal Surveys (Hull) - Minimum Requirements for Thickness Measurements

Class Renewal Survey [No.] and ship's age [years]

I. age ≤ p II. p < age ≤ 2p III. 2p < age ≤ 3p IV. and subsequent, age > 3p

Suspect areas through the ship

One transverse section Two transverse sections within Three transverse sections within 0.5 L
within 0.5 L amidships 0.5 L amidships amidships (1)

All covers and coamings (plating and stiffeners)

All exposed main deck plating All exposed main deck plating full
within 0.5 L amidships length

All wind- and water strakes within All wind- and water strakes full length
0.5 L amidships

Internals in forepeak tank and aft Internals in forepeak and after peak
peak tank tanks

Lowest strake and strakes in way Lowest strake and strakes in way of
of tween decks of selected tween decks of selected transverse
transverse bulkheads together bulkheads together with internals in
with internals in way way

Representative exposed superstructure

deck plating

All keel plates full length. Also,

additional bottom plates in way of
cofferdams, machinery space and aft
ends of tanks

Plating of seachests. Shell plating in

way of overboard discharges as
considered necessary by the Surveyor

(1) For seagoing ships with L ≤ 100 m only two sections may be investigated.

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
D Section 3 – Surveys 3-31

Table 3.3 Class Renewal Surveys - Minim um Additional Requirements for Close-up Surveys

Class Renewal survey [No.] and ship's age [years]

I. age ≤ p II. p < age ≤ 2p III. 2p < age ≤ 3p IV. and subsequent, age > 3p

Selected shell transverse Selected shell All shell frames in the All shell frames in all
frames in one forward transverse frames in all forward lower compartment compartments and tween deck
and one aft compartment compartments and and 25 % of frames in each spaces including upper and lower
and associated tween associated tween deck of the remaining end attachments and adjacent
deck spaces spaces compartments, and tween shell plating
deck spaces including upper
and lower end attachments
and adjacent shell plating
One transverse bulkhead One transverse bulk All compartment transverse Other items: As for class
in one selected compart- head in each bulkheads including renewal survey No. III
ment including bulkhead compartment including bulkhead plating, stiffeners
plating, stiffeners and bulkhead plating, and girders
girders stiffeners and girders All transverse bulkheads in
Forward and aft water ballast tanks including
transverse bulkhead in stiffening system
one side water ballast
tank including stiffening
system

All hatch covers and coamings (plating and stiffeners)

One transverse web All transverse web frames or

frame or watertight watertight transverse
transverse bulkhead bulkheads with associated
with associated plating plating and framing in
and framing in two each water ballast tank
representative water
ballast tanks of each
type
Selected areas of all All deck plating inside line
deck plating and under of hatch openings between
deck structure inside hatches
line of hatch openings All areas of inner bottom
between all hatches plating
Selected areas of inner
bottom plating
Note :
Close-up survey of transverse bulkheads to be carried out at the following levels:
- mid-height of the bulkheads for holds without tween decks
- immediately below the main deck plating and tween deck plating

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
3-32 Section 3 – Surveys E

E. Damage and Repair Surveys 4. For older ships, in the case of repairs and/or
replacement of parts subject to Classification, as a
1. Where damage has occurred to the ship's hull, matter of principle, the Construction Rules in force
machinery including electrical installations or special during their period of construction continue to be
equipment and installations, the automatic/ remote-control applicable.
systems, etc., the damaged parts are to be made
accessible for inspection in such a way that the kind and This does not apply in the case of modifications required
extent of the damage can be thoroughly examined and to the structure in the light of new knowledge gained
ascertained, see also Section 1, D.2.3. from damage analyses, with a view to avoiding
recurrence of similar damages.
In the case of grounding, dry docking or, alternatively, an
in-water survey is required. 5. Regarding the materials employed and
certificates required, the requirements for new buildings
2. The repair measures are to be agreed with the are applicable, see Section 1, D.3.
Surveyor such as to render possible confirmation of the
Class without reservations upon completion of the 6. Regarding damages or excessive wastage
repairs. In general, a Class confirmation with Conditions beyond allowable limits that affect the ship’s Class
of Class, e. g. in the case of a preliminary repair See Section 1, D.2.4.
("emergency repair"), requires to be approved by TL
Head Office.

3. Surveys conducted in the course of repairs are

to be based on the latest experience and instructions by
TL. In exceptional cases advice is to be obtained from
TL Head Office, in particular where doubts exist as to
the cause of damage.

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
 Section 4 – General Information and Project Data 4-1

SECTION 4

GENERAL INFORMATION AND PROJECT DATA

Page
A. Scope .................................................................................................................................................................. 4-2
B. Basic Design Data for Initial Information......................................................................................................... 4-2
1. Functional Military Demands
2. Detailed Military Demands
3. Basic Ship Parameters
4. Regulations
5. Building Specification
6. Strength Calculations
7. Updates and Changes
C. Main Ship Parameters ....................................................................................................................................... 4-3
1. General
2. Principal Dimensions
3. Ship Speed
4. Rated Driving Power
5. Auxiliary Electrical Power
D. Production Standard ......................................................................................................................................... 4-4
E. Documents to be Submitted for Approval ....................................................................................................... 4-4

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
4-2 Section 4 – General Information and Project Data A,B

A. Scope - Shock strength demands,

In order to estimate the scope of Classification and
Services, TL need to be provided with the following
general information and data as far as already
available in the initial phase of the project.
- Special demand to withstand local impacts,
- Residual strength demands,
- Damage control zones,

B. Basic Design Data for Initial Information - Fire resisting divisions,

1. Functional Military Demands - Extent of NBC (nuclear-biological-chemical)

citadel, if requested
Relevant information covers:
- Scope of redundancies for main propulsion and
- Planned type of ship, see Section 2, C. auxiliaries,

- Military tasks, such as: - Replenishment at sea,

- General patrol, - Planned duty conditions, like battle stations,

combat readiness, cruise, etc.
- Anti air warfare,
3. Basic Ship Parameters
- Anti submarine warfare,
The basic parameters are:
- Flight operations,
- Main design parameters,
- Military transport,
- Area of operation,
- Landing operations,
- Ambient conditions,

- Mine warfare, etc. - Intact and damage stability requirements,

2. Detailed Military Demands - Operational profile,

The detailed military demands include:

- Expected lifetime [years],

- Military loads caused by the weapons and

- Materials for construction including special
sensors, etc. of the naval ship and influencing the
properties, corrosion protection measures, etc.
hull girder strength,

4. Regulations
- Extent/location of storage rooms for explosives,

Additional international and national regulations, as well

- Military loads for transport tasks, if any
as regulations of the Naval Authority to be applied.

- Acoustic and electromagnetic demands,

5. Building Specification

- Equipment and materials causing radiation

Preliminary building specification or technical part of a
hazards,
building contract, if already available.

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
B,C Section 4 – General Information and Project Data 4-3

6. Strength Calculations beam at side on the uppermost continuous deck.

Intended direct strength calculations of the hull 2.6 Draught T

structures, as well as extent and type of software to be
used, are to be stated. The draught T is the vertical distance, at the middle of
the length L, from base line to deepest design waterline,
7. Updates and Changes as estimated for the lifetime of the ship.

Updates and changes of all relevant design 2.7 Draught Tmax

assumptions shall be forwarded to TL.
The draught is Tmax the vertical distance between the
lowest point of the immersed hull including appendages
C. Main Ship Parameters
(e.g. domes, rudders, propellers, thrusters, etc.) and the
design waterline, movable parts considered retracted.
1. General

For the definition of parameters only SI units (metric 3. Ship Speed

system) should be used.

3.1 Rated speed v0

2. Principal Dimensions
Expected maximum, continuous ahead speed v0 [kn] of

2.1 Length L the ship in calm water at the draught T when the total
available rated driving power is exclusively used for

The length L of the ship is the length from the propulsion purposes.

moulded side of the plate stem to the fore side of the

stern or transom measured on the waterline at draught T. 3.2 Maximum speed vmax

Other forms of stem are to be specially considered.

2.2 Length LOA
The length over all LOA is the distance between the most
forward and most aft element of the ship, permanent
outfit included, measured parallel to the design waterline.
Expected maximum ahead speed [kn] of the ship in calm
water at the draught T, when the total available maximum
driving power is exclusively used for propulsion
purposes. This speed is related to an overload
condition, permissible only for a defined and relatively
short time period.

2.3 Breadth B 3.3 Cruising speed vM

The breadth B is the maximum moulded breadth at the Expected economic, continuous ahead cruising speed
design waterline. [kn] of the ship, in calm water at the draught T, which
provides the maximum radius of action.
2.4 Breadth Bmax
4. Rated Driving Power
The breadth Bmax is the greatest moulded breadth of the
ship. For ships with unusual cross section the breadth The rated driving power [kW] is defined as continuous
will be specially considered. power to be delivered by the propulsion machinery when
running at rated speed and with the total available power
2.5 Depth H exclusively used for propulsion purposes.

The depth H is the vertical distance, at the middle of the 5. Auxiliary Electrical Power
length L, from the moulded base line to top of the deck
The auxiliary electrical power [kVA] is defined as the

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
4-4 Section 4 – General Information and Project Data C,D,E

continuous electrical power which is not directly used for
propulsion of the ship at continuous speed v0, but for
driving all kinds of auxiliary devices and equipment. The
degree of redundancy shall be defined in the building
specification.
test examples. Reference applications, already achieved
acceptance by other institutions and other relevant
information shall be provided in advance. A generally
valid approval for a computer program is, however, not
given by TL.

The calculations have to be compiled in a way which

D. Production Standard
A production standard which considers the special
requirements for the manufacturing of naval ships has to
be defined by the Shipyard and accepted by TL.
E. Documents to be Submitted for Approval
allows identifying and checking all steps of the
calculations in an easy way. Hand-written, easily
readable documents are acceptable.
Comprehensive quantities of output data shall be
presented in graphic form. A written comment to the
main conclusions resulting from the calculations has to
be provided

1. All documents have to be submitted to TL in

5. TL reserve the right to request additional
Turkish or English language.
documentation if the submitted one is insufficient for an
assessment.
2. Before the commencement of manufacture,
documents (plans, calculations, etc.) of all components
subject to compulsory inspection, wherever applicable 6. The drawings are to be submitted in
and to the extent specified in Table 4.1 are to be triplicate and all calculations and supporting
submitted to TL for approval. documentation in one copy for examination. Ship owners
or Shipyard or Designers are responsible to take into
3. The drawings shall contain all the data
account the delivery date of the project. And all
necessary to check the design and loading of the
documents are to be submitted at a sufficiently early date
equipment. Wherever necessary, calculations relating
to ensure that they are approved and available to the
to components and descriptions of the system are to be
submitted. Surveyor at the beginning of the manufacture or
installation of the ship or of important components.
4. Calculations shall contain all necessary
information concerning reference documents (parts of 7. Once the documents submitted have been
the specification, relevant drawings, etc.). Literature approved by TL they are binding for the execution of the
used for the calculations has to be cited, important but work. Subsequent modifications and extensions
not commonly known sources shall be added in copy. require the approval of TL before becoming
effective.
The choice of computer programs according to "State of
the Art" is free. It is recommended to use computer 8. For classification of a naval ship the
programs which are accepted by TL as appropriate to following documents have to be submitted, as far as
solve the actual problems. If the computer programs to applicable. TL reserve the right to request additional
be used are not known to TL, they may be checked by information and documentation depending on ship's
TL through comparative calculations with predefined type and Naval Authority's requirements.

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
E Section 4 – General Information and Project Data 4-5

Table 4.1 Documentation to be submitted for classification

Serial
No. Description

General Requirements
1 General arrangement plan
2 Deck plan
3 Technical specification
4 Lines Plan
5 Material specification for hull
6 List of submitted drawings

Hull Structures and Ship Equipment

Hull
7 Midship section
8 Other typical sections
9 Bottom structure
10 Engine room structure (including engine foundations)
11 Shell expansion plan
12 Ice strengthening
13 Decks
14 Superstructures and deckhouses
15 Bulkheads
16 Tank arrangement plan
17 Rudder body
18 Rudder stock
19 Rudder bearings, pintles and couplings, etc.
20 Large openings
21 Special foundations
22 Welded joints for steel or aluminium
23 Coating plan
24 NDT-plan (Non-Destructive-Testing)
25 Equipment number and anchoring equipment
26 Mooring equipment

Supporting Calculations (Structure)

27 Design loads summarized in a load plan
28 Distribution of still water shear forces and bending moments
29 Longitudinal strength calculation
30 Geometry properties of significant hull girder cross sections
31 Local stress calculations, if applicable
32 Finite element analysis, if applicable
33 Fatigue stress calculations, if applicable
34 Shock calculations, if applicable
35 Residual strength, if applicable
36 Safety Requirements for the Hull
37 Closing appliances
Information to calculation of freeboard:
- Arrangement and detail of exterior doors
- Arrangement of watertight doors
- Arrangement and details of hatches
- Arrangement and details of air pipes and ventilators
- Arrangement and details of side shell penetration by scuppers and discharges
- Details of spurling pipes and chain lockers
- Arrangement and details of side scuttles, windows and skylights
- Arrangement and details of deck drainage

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
4-6 Section 4 – General Information and Project Data E

Table 4.1 Documentation to be submitted for classification (cont.)

Serial
No. Description

38 Bulwarks and guard-rails

39 Arrangement and details of shell doors
40 Watertight integrity plan
41 General stability information
42 Intact stability calculations
43 Damage stability calculations
44 Damage control plan
45 Inclining test, report and evaluation
46 Structural fire protection
47 Documentation on storage rooms and transport lines for explosives (ammunition, missiles, etc.)
48 Rigging plan
49 Masts
50 Specification of standing rigging
51 Specification of further equipment

Machinery Installations
General Layout
52 General arrangement of machinery spaces

Internal Combustion Engines

53 Data on main parameters for each type of internal combustion engine to be used
54 Detailed drawings of the complete engine, including cross/longitudinal sections
55 Documentation on provisions or additional equipment for low load operation of the engines, if
applicable
56 Documentation on changes to already approved types of engines

Gas Turbines and Exhaust Gas Turbochargers

57 Assembly drawings and cross sections
58 Detailed drawings of main components
59 Documentation on the fuel and lubricating systems (incl. circuits, control and safety devices)
60 Documentation on the starting system
61 Data concerning operation conditions
62 Proof of sufficient safety for critical components (incl. results of trials on turbine components)
63 Data concerning welding conditions for welded components

Power Transmission and Propulsion Systems

64 General drawings of the entire shafting
65 Component parts transmitting torque (shafting, couplings, bearings, etc.)
66 Propeller shaft bracklets
67 Stern tube arrangement
68 Cast resin mount
69 Shaft alignment calculation
70 Assembly and sectional drawings of gears and couplings (calculations, parts list)
71 Design drawings of propellers in main propulsion (for engine output in excess of 300 kW)
72 Design drawings of transverse thrust systems (for engine output in excess of 100 kW)
73 General drawings, sectional drawings and functional characteristics of controllable pitch propeller unit
74 Rudder propeller/azimuthing propulsors, if applicable

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
E Section 4 – General Information and Project Data 4-7

Table 4.1 Documentation to be submitted for classification (cont.)

Serial
Description
No.
Other Documents
75 Operation and maintenance manuals, if applicable
76 Spare parts list
77 Trial programs (FAT, HAT, SAT)
Electrical Installations
Power Plant
78 Details of the scope and type of electrical plant
79 Details about the construction of electrical equipment in hazardous areas
80 General layout for electrical power generation and distribution
81 Details on generators and UPS units
82 Details on hazardous areas
83 Short circuit calculation
84 Electrical power balance
85 Details on main and emergency switchgear, main distribution boards
86 Details on lighting network
87 Details on feeding of weapons and sensors
88 Details on concept to avoid radiation hazards
89 Documentation on switch gear, monitoring and controls for the refrigerating plant
90 Main cableways for different voltage systems
91 Details on electromagnetic compatibility measures
92 Bulkhead/deck penetrations
93 Cable layout/-list

Manoeuvring System
94 Details on steering gear drive and control systems
95 Details on azimuthing propulsors
96 Controllable pitch propeller system, if applicable
97 Details on dynamic positioning system, if applicable

Lighting
98 General lighting arrangement
99 Primary lighting
100 Secondary lighting
101 Transitional lighting
102 Escape, evacuation and rescue lighting
103 Portable lighting
104 Operational lighting, if applicable
105 Documentation lighting, if applicable

Control and Alarm System

106 Monitoring and safety systems for machinery
107 Starting arrangements for main and auxiliary engines
108 Control and regulation for essential equipment and drives
109 Documentation on general and special alarm systems
110 Documentation on position and navigation lights
111 Documentation on fire and CO2 alarm system
112 Documentation on watertight and fire door operation and position monitoring system
113 Documentation on tank level indicators, alarms, shut-off facilities
114 Documentation on gas and NBC (nuclear-biological-chemical) detection systems, if applicable
115 Documentation on all essential intercommunication systems

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
4-8 Section 4 – General Information and Project Data E

Table 4.1 Documentation to be submitted for classification (cont.)

Serial
No. Description

Board Computer
116 Hardware and software documentation on computers (as relevant for classification)

Propulsion
117 Electrical propulsion plants

118 Automation
119 General layout
120 Description of functional relationshipSoftware documentation
121 List of sensor types and location of monitoring system
122 Safety programmes giving details of limit values
123 Details of bridge arrangement

Other Documents
124 Operation and maintenance manuals, if required
125 Spare parts list
126 Trial programs (FAT, HAT, SAT)

Auxiliary Systems and Equipment

Pressure vessels
127 List of pressure vessels and equipment

Auxiliary steam boilers

128 Design drawings for all pressurized parts of the steam boiler
129 Documentation on strength calculations
130 Documentation on types and location of the fittings of the boiler
131 Description of the installation of the boiler plant in the naval ship
132 Cross sections of every burner type to be used

Tanks and piping

133 Details on fuel and oil tanks
134 Diagrammatic plans of all piping systems
135 Details on remotely controlled valves
136 Supply and transfer for replenishment at sea system, if applicable
137 Manipulation systems for liquids
138 Aircraft refuelling system, if applicable

Fire extinguishing systems

Diagrammatic plans, detailed drawings and documents for:
139 Water fire extinguishing equipment
140 CO2 fire extinguishing system or systems using other gases
141 Portable and mobile fire-extinguishers
142 Foam extinguishing systems
143 Pressure water spraying systems
144 Fire-extinguishing systems for special rooms, like paint lockers, fight decks and hangars, etc
145 Systems for carriage of dangerous goods in packaged form
146 Quick flooding system for ammunition and weapon rooms
147 NBC spraying system, if applicable
148 Cooling system for reduction of infrared signature, if applicable
149 Water drainage system
150 Fire control plan

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022
E Section 4 – General Information and Project Data 4-9

Table 4.1 Documentation to be submitted for classification (cont.)

Serial
No. Description

Equipment
Assembly and general drawings, diagrams of hydraulic and electrical equipment, details of all important
load transmitting components for:
151 Steering gear
152 Azimuthing propulsors, if applicable

153 Anchor windlasses

154 Fire door control system
155 Replenishment at sea system
156 Manipulation systems, lifts, etc.
157 Aircraft handling system
158 Hydraulic systems for special devices, if safety-relevant

Other Documents (for sub-systems and components)

159 Operation and maintenance manuals, if required
160 Spare parts list
161 Trial programs (FAT, HAT, SAT)

TÜRK LOYDU – NAVAL SHIP TECHNOLOGY, CLASSIFICATION and SURVEYS – JANUARY 2022