Writing a literature review paper can often seem like a daunting task for many students and

researchers. This complex process involves a comprehensive and critical examination of scholarly
articles, books, and other sources relevant to a specific topic or research question. The main aim of a
literature review is to provide a summary and synthesis of the arguments and ideas presented in the
literature, thereby offering a new perspective on the topic.

The difficulty in writing a literature review paper primarily lies in the extensive research and critical
thinking skills required. It demands a thorough understanding of the topic, which involves
identifying, evaluating, and interpreting relevant research while also highlighting gaps in the
literature. This task requires a significant investment of time to sift through vast amounts of academic
literature and discern which works contribute most effectively to the understanding of the topic.

Moreover, the format of a literature review paper adds another layer of complexity. A well-structured
literature review should include an introduction that defines the topic and the scope of the review, a
body that discusses the findings of the relevant literature, and a conclusion that summarizes the
overall insights gained and identifies gaps in the current research. Adhering to this format, while also
ensuring that the review is coherent and logically organized, poses a significant challenge.

Given the intricate nature of writing a literature review, seeking professional assistance can be a
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of experienced writers is adept at handling the complexities of literature reviews, ensuring that each
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Their next merit is the writing techniques they practice. Dwell on the research questions, methods
used, participants, and findings. The template’s structure is based on the tried and trusted best-
practice format for formal academic research papers. Does your paper have a focus, and how clearly
has it been stated. The summary effect size is a value that reflects the average magnitude of the
intervention effect for a particular outcome of interest or, more generally, the strength of a
relationship between two variables across all studies included in the systematic review. This includes
scholarly articles, books, conventions, conferences, dissertations, and theses—these and any other
academic work related to your area of study is called “the literature.” Step 3: Analyze the network of
information that extends or responds to the major works in your area; select the material that is most
useful. The already difficult challenge of developing the capability (suitable processes. Debates,
conflicts and contradictions: where do sources disagree. It also helps researchers to identify potential
biases or limitations of certain methods and techniques. Many studies have been conducted showing
how people are afraid of the manufactured foods. This means going through the prompt multiple
times and clarifying expectations. Co-designing a Collaborative Chronic Care Network (C3N) for
inflammatory bowel disease: development of methods. Given this, while literature reviews are
designed to provide an overview and synthesis of pertinent sources you have explored, there are a
number of approaches you could adopt depending upon the type of analysis underpinning your
study. The assumption is that by mentioning past studies and sources in your paper, you have read,
understood, and assimilated the works into your project. The review found that local opinion leaders
alone, or in combination with other interventions, can be effective in promoting evidence?based
practice, but this varies both within and between studies and the effect on patient outcomes is
uncertain. Narrow the Topic The narrower your topic, the easier it will be to limit the number of
sources you need to read in order to obtain a good survey of relevant resources. In the absence of
validated risk of bias tools for qualitative studies, the team should choose a tool according to
Cochrane Qualitative and Implementation Methods Group (CQIMG) guidance together with
expediency (according to ease of use, prior familiarity, etc) ( table 2, item R15). 41 In comparison to
the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist which was never designed for use in synthesis, 42
the Cochrane qualitative tool is similarly easy to use and was designed for QES use. Take notes that
you can later incorporate into the text of your literature review. In this regard, we concur with
Jesson, Matheson, and Lacey (2011) that clearly articulated research questions are key ingredients
that guide the entire review methodology; they underscore the type of information that is needed,
inform the search for and selection of relevant literature, and guide or orient the subsequent analysis.
The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Literature reviews can also help the
writer learn about a given topic while in the process of preparing the review itself. This may include
empirical studies or conceptual papers that initiated a line of investigation, changed how problems or
questions were framed, introduced new methods or concepts, or engendered important debate (
Cooper, 1988 ). Recommendations Abstract This document embraces a literature review research
into the feasibility of oxytocin for the management of postpartum haemorrhage in the pre-hospital
setting. We are top specialists ready to help with your project. Mixed-methods literature review: This
type of review combines quantitative and qualitative methods to synthesize and analyze the available
literature on a particular topic. If you have limited time to conduct research, literature reviews can
give you an overview or act as a stepping stone. In: The Sage handbook of organizational research
methods. edn. Edited by Buchanan D, Bryman A: Sage Publications Ltd; 2009. You dust off a novel
and a book of poetry, settle down in your chair, and get ready to issue a “thumbs up” or “thumbs
down” as you leaf through the pages. “Literature review” done. Download citation Received: 01
November 2023 Accepted: 05 January 2024 Published: 19 February 2024 DOI: Share this article
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Senior leaders include formal representatives of organizations (executives, politicians, or formal
managers) and formal or respected leaders of communities. Realist reviews have no particular
preference for either quantitative or qualitative evidence. These were the most common intervention
approach overall. Here are some steps that will help you begin and follow through on your literature
review. In a review that is an introduction to a thesis or research report it will propose how the
review findings will lead to the research the author intends to carry out. Methodological: A
methodological approach differs from the two above in that the focusing factor usually does not
have to do with the content of the material. Keeping the logical sequence is very important, so
having a good writing example will be a serious advantage. They set an important ethos of
constructive criticism and creative innovation, with the patient experience as the central focus.
Consistent with the previous review, four main strategy types were identified: audit and feedback;
computerised decision support; opinion leaders; and multi-faceted interventions (MFIs). Unlike other
reviews, this one has beginning, a middle and an end. They should arise out of your organizational
strategy. On comparison with the contemporary management tools already outlined, just. Also,
consider going through sample reviews to find models that can guide and simplify working on
literature review format for research paper. Open Google Slides Download PowerPoint If you want
to know more about the research process, methodology, research bias, or statistics, make sure to
check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples. Note that more authentic
thematic reviews tend to break away from chronological order. The literature review provides how
the patent process, the information technology ITeducations settings, and SB was introduced and
presented to the California public as a reform bill that would ensure better coverage and easier
medical access for workers injured on the job. Also, you get a guide on literature review strategies
through sample examples. Table of contents Why write a literature review, examples of literature
reviews, step 1: search for relevant literature, step 2: evaluate and select sources, step 3: identify
themes, debates and gaps, step 4: outline your literature review’s structure, step 5: write your
literature review, frequently asked questions about literature reviews, introduction. The Basel
Convention defines 'wastes' as substances or objects that need to be disposed of in accordance with
the provisions of national law. Section 1: Summary of Business Problem and Research Objectives
McDonald's Read more Business Literature Company Goals Food Obesity Health Customers
Marketing Family Fast Food Children 12 Pages Good Essay On Prison Overcrowding Prison
overcrowding. The most interesting literature reviews are often written as arguments (again, as
mentioned at the beginning of the page, this is discipline-specific and doesn’t work for all situations).
A rapid evidence synthesis. BMJ Open. 2017;7(7):e014650. Gallan AS, Jarvis CB, Brown SW, Bitner
MJ. All in all, 130 articles met the criteria and their data were extracted manually into a database.
Collective leadership Few discernible differences among “ shared”, “distributed” and “collective”
leadership were found in the papers included in this review. They originated from criticisms of
positivist systematic reviews which centre on their “simplistic” underlying assumptions ( Oates, 2011
). There are four points which may help account for the differences in findings in this regard. In the
last 36 months, she has received honoraria from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and
travel support from the WHO. Essay On Loss of Biodiversity: Biodiversity is important because it is
what the. Use these keywords in your search to narrow down your results. You can always order a
literature review at PapersOwl if you are afraid of the research process.
Work is underway to identify an assessment process that is compatible with QESs that support
decision-making. 41 For now the choice of a checklist remains determined by interim Cochrane
guidance and, beyond this, by personal preference and experience. For instance, a thematic review
of material on sperm whales might examine how they are portrayed as “evil” in cultural documents.
A refined compilation of implementation strategies: results from the Expert Recommendations for
Implementing Change (ERIC) project. Use Evidence A literature review section is, in this sense, just
like any other academic research paper. Their need stems from the ever-increasing output of scientific
publications.For example, compared to 1991, in 2008 three, eight, and forty times more papers were
indexed in Web of Science on malaria, obesity, and biodiversity, respectively.Given such mountains
of papers, scientists cannot be expected to examine in detail every. These wider ranges of studies
highlight that a particular intervention or group of interventions may work well for one professional
group but be ineffective for another. Some universities may have some additional requirements, but
these are typically minor, with the core structure remaining the same. When you’ve answered the
main questions and achieved the set goals, sharing your thoughts is a wise solution, especially if you
disagree with something and need to support any points of view. As another methodological
contribution, vom Brocke et al. (2009) offered a series of guidelines for conducting literature
reviews, with a particular focus on how to search and extract the relevant body of knowledge. It is
the use of ideas in the literature to defend your paper such as the methods used in the study. A
literature review is a comprehensive overview of all the knowledge available on a specific topic till
date. You won’t also write a literature review originally without flexible thinking and new
approaches. For each publication, ask yourself: What question or problem is the author addressing. In
order to minimize the risk of omitting eligible studies not captured by the original search, they
supplemented all electronic searches with manual screening of trial registers and references contained
in the included studies. Read through the articles and books that you have found, and as you do,
take notes. Some questions to ask: How are they organizing their ideas. Begin reading and taking
notes on each source, paying attention to key findings, methodologies used, and any gaps in the
research. You should always look at examples from your own discipline and talk to professors or
mentors in your field to be sure you understand your discipline’s conventions, for literature reviews
as well as for any other genre. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020.. Pedersen ER, Rubenstein L,
Kandrack R, Danz M, et al. The only proofreading tool specialized in correcting academic writing
The academic proofreading tool has been trained on 1000s of academic texts and by native English
editors. An analysis of foreign news content in local primetime news programs. Nearly one third of
the elementary and junior high curricula will be eliminated with deep cuts in all major subjects.
However, if you are writing a review in the humanities, history, or social sciences, a survey of the
history of the literature may be what is needed, because what is important is how perspectives have
changed through the years or within a certain time period. Guidance for authoring a rapid QES is
scattered and requires compilation and summary. Dwell on the research questions, methods used,
participants, and findings. This approach helps highlight ethical issues which you should be aware of
and consider as you go through your own study. Establishing trusting relationships Coproduction is
essentially relational and requires concerted efforts to establish trusting relationships and a sense of
commitment. Do educational interventions aimed at nurses to support the implementation of
evidence-based practice improve patient outcomes. To learn more about literature reviews, take a
look at our workshop on Writing Literature Reviews of Published Research. Their next merit is the
writing techniques they practice. The authors here recapitulate important features of Hamilton’s
study, but then synthesize it by rephrasing the study’s significance and relating it to their own work.
Literature reviews can also help the writer learn about a given topic while in the process of preparing
the review itself. This will help you find the “sweet spot” for what to focus on. For further
information see our handouts on Writing a Critical Review of a Nonfiction Book or Article or
Reading a Book to Review It. Writing the body In the body, you should: Group research studies and
other types of literature (reviews, theoretical articles, case studies, etc.) according to common
denominators such as qualitative versus quantitative approaches, conclusions of authors, specific
purpose or objective, chronology, etc. To help you come up with an overall organizational framework
for your review, consider the following scenario: You’ve decided to focus your literature review on
materials dealing with sperm whales. Two reviewers then independently read each paper and noted
key findings and broad themes of interest which were then discussed amongst the wider authorial
team. For the Internet in American presidential politics project, one methodological approach would
be to look at cultural differences between the portrayal of American presidents on American, British,
and French websites. Based on your reading and notes, you can look for: Trends and patterns (in
theory, method or results): do certain approaches become more or less popular over time. In this
paperwork, I am going to discuss the general information about deaf history, example of a literature
review essay. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome,
Firefox, Safari, and Edge. The authors conclude that toolkits as either standalone strategies or as part
of MFIs hold some promise for facilitating evidence use in practice but caution that the quality of
many of the primary studies included is considered weak limiting these findings. It is also helpful to
use as a guide is the searches are not finding any useful results. Peer Review reports Contribution to
the literature Considerable time and money is invested in implementing and evaluating strategies to
increase the implementation of research into clinical practice. It is often assigned as part of the
research process for a paper. In an RRL, you discuss knowledge and findings from existing literature
relevant to your study topic. Second, they utilise leadership drawing on a wide set of clinical and
non-clinical actors including managers and even government officials. This is different than a
research paper in that a literary review does not add anything new to the field. For an effective
source, Read more Literature Audience Education Time Internet Information Website Public
Relations Literature Review Researcher Sociology Data 3 Pages Medicine: Paramedics And
Obstetrics Essay Introduction. Natural Sciences: In natural sciences, literature reviews are used to
summarize and evaluate the current state of knowledge in a particular field or subfield. The method
used for this research was a systematic review with qualitative synthesis. Given this, while literature
reviews are designed to provide an overview and synthesis of pertinent sources you have explored,
there are a number of approaches you could adopt depending upon the type of analysis underpinning
your study. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's
Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Edit and
proofread: Once you have written your literature review, edit and proofread it carefully to ensure that
it is well-organized, clear, and concise. The beliefs, values, norms, and morals that are accepted and
shared by the deaf community make up the deaf culture. Kaplan, R. S. and Norton, D. P., (1996b),
Linking the Balanced Scorecard to. Rights and permissions Open Access This article is licensed
under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing,
adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate
credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and
indicate if changes were made. You can download it in MS Word format or make a copy to your
Google Drive. Quality of sources: The quality of the literature reviewed can vary widely, and not all
sources may be reliable or valid. Technology started developing at a rate that necessitated more and
ongoing. Read and analyze this sample document for writing a literature review.
Discusses further research questions that logically come out of the previous studies. Analyzing data
using quantitative or qualitative methods. Master of Business Studies thesis, Dublin City University.
It aims to provide a historical context for understanding the current state of knowledge on a
particular topic. In this paper, we present the findings of a systematic review of the literature on
leadership in coproduction. Standards: Description of the way in which you present your
information. The paper will develop a Project Interim Report PIR. Morrison, K (1998). Management
theories for educational change. One key aspect of a good literature review sample is the use of
strong, supportive evidence to back up the points being made. The best you can do to stop getting
confused is to have an outline for the review. Codesigning health and other public services with
vulnerable and disadvantaged populations: Insights from an international collaboration. For each
publication, ask yourself: What question or problem is the author addressing. Make sure you repeat
the literature review paper outline procedure when dealing with studies related to the subtopic.
Subject B. Take another broad aspect related to your topic. It provides a comprehensive overview of
the existing research on a particular topic, highlighting the major findings and theories that have been
proposed. Literature reviews give an overview of knowledge on a subject, helping you identify
relevant theories and methods, as well as gaps in existing research. There are five key steps to
writing a literature review: Search for relevant literature Evaluate sources Identify themes, debates,
and gaps Outline the structure Write your literature review A good literature review doesn’t just
summarize sources—it analyzes, synthesizes, and critically evaluates to give a clear picture of the
state of knowledge on the subject. Most importantly, allocate enough time to do all the research
beforehand, or you'll risk missing the deadline. Using such software for all general QES processes (
table 2, item R20), and then harnessing these skills and tools when specifically under resource
pressures, is a sounder strategy. Put a flag on it. A busy developer's guide to feature toggles.
Guidelines on Formatting a Literature Review 20 Apr Read more. If the same thing is being said, just
by different people, then this likely demonstrates that the research problem has hit a conceptual dead
end. A research paper assigned in a course A thesis or dissertation A grant proposal An article
intended for publication in a journal All these instances require you to collect what has been written
about your research topic so that you can demonstrate how your own research sheds new light on the
topic. Use caution when paraphrasing When paraphrasing a source that is not your own, be sure to
represent the author’s information or opinions accurately and in your own words. However, I am
thoroughly satisfied with the work of expert. Approaching literature review for academic purposes:
The Literature Therefore, this paper discusses the purposes of LRs in dissertations and theses. The
first strong point of this article is its relevance, example of a literature review essay. Engaging
patients to improve quality of care: a systematic review. This allows them to develop new research
questions and hypotheses to fill those gaps. Academiaedu is a platform for academics to share
research papers. In some cases, the literature review begins with the oldest research and advances
until it concludes with the latest research.
We excluded papers that: Focused on changing patient rather than provider behaviour Had no
demonstrable outcomes Made unclear or no reference to research evidence The last of these criteria
was sometimes difficult to judge, and there was considerable discussion amongst the research team
as to whether the link between research evidence and practice was sufficiently explicit in the
interventions analysed. Change, The Challenge for Education and Industry’ (1989), John Heywood
applies. You are a high schooler who deals with a literature review for the first time. Sample
Literature Review on Critical Thinking Gwendolyn Reece, American University Library. The
effectiveness of interventions designed to increase the uptake of clinical practice guidelines and best
practices among musculoskeletal professionals: a systematic review. How The Diverse Labor Force
Management Improves Individual. Also, consider going through sample reviews to find models that
can guide and simplify working on literature review format for research paper. It is important to
follow the guidelines of the appropriate citation style, such as APA or MLA, and to include full
citations for all sources cited in the review. This template helps you to summarize the vital aspects of
an existing body of literature, find out any significant flaws in existing knowledge or outline the
areas that require future studies a particular topic. Each has a different criterion for defining what it
is and the boundaries within which it functions. Quality control must be fit for purpose but not
excessive. If there are conflicting studies, why do you think that is. Orchestration involves recruiting
the appropriate actors as noted above as well as directing and coordinating activities, thereby
ensuring that the whole is more than the sum of its parts. Accordingly, we employed multiple pieces
of information to construct a pattern. Specifically, whenever a QES is abbreviated or accelerated, a
team should ensure that the review question is agreed by a minimum number of knowledge users
with expertise or experience that reflects all the important review perspectives and with authority to
approve the final version 2 5 11 ( table 2, item R1). These studies were identified through a formal
and systematic search in four databases between 2003 and 2013. Does your paper have a focus, and
how clearly has it been stated. The review found that, overall, any intervention involving opinion
leaders probably improves healthcare professionals’ compliance with evidence-based practice but
varies within and across studies. Introduction This paper forms part of a series from the Cochrane
Rapid Reviews Methods Group providing methodological guidance for rapid reviews. It’s important
to keep track of your sources with references to avoid plagiarism. In conclusion, to create more equal
power relations over time, we must challenge our current practices and work deliberately to enhance
the capacity of individuals and groups to effectively engage in coproduction leadership. If you’re
still working on your research proposal, we’ve got a template for that here. As a piece of writing, the
literature review must be defined by a guiding concept (e.g., your research objective, the problem or
issue you are discussing, or your argumentative thesis). This means we'll keep fixing the work until
the supervisor approves it. It also ensures neither the research analysis was done before nor it is a
replication study. Resolve conflicts amongst seemingly contradictory previous studies. United States
of America has implemented a global health initiative policy. For instance, some journals such as
Annual Review of Psychology, Psychological Bulletin, and others typically publish full-length
review articles. As a publication, a lit review usually is meant to help make other scholars’ lives
easier by collecting and summarizing, synthesizing, and analyzing existing research on a topic.
However, there are situations in which it is neither reasonable nor appropriate to pool studies together
using meta-analytic methods simply because there is extensive clinical heterogeneity between the
included studies or variation in measurement tools, comparisons, or outcomes of interest.
Current Cochrane guidance informs selection of tools for quality assessment and of synthesis
method. If you wish to reuse any or all of this article please use the link below which will take you
to the Copyright Clearance Center’s RightsLink service. Precisely, an account of nutritional
adjustments; implications for anemia; vitamin deficiencies, and malabsorption tendencies will be
uncovered. First, exhaustive coverage means an effort is made to be as comprehensive as possible in
order to ensure that all relevant studies, published and unpublished, are included in the review and,
thus, conclusions are based on this all-inclusive knowledge base. A literature review can be a part of
a research paper or scholarly article, usually falling after the introduction and before the research
methods sections. You should also determine such guidelines as the number of sources to include,
the source types, and how to format your paper. It made use of both published works and
questionnaire interviews for its research methodology. Some default research instruments may not
work, so searching for trends is a great option. This would further build on the nuanced discussion
and conclusion sections in a subset of the papers we reviewed. Whether the search is comprehensive
or not, whether it involves a methodical approach for data extraction and synthesis or not, it is
important that the review documents in an explicit and transparent manner the steps and approach
that were used in the process of its development. Subsequently, they use fixed or random-effects
analysis models to combine the results of the included studies, assess statistical heterogeneity, and
calculate a weighted average of the effect estimates from the different studies, taking into account
their sample sizes. In other words, a chronological review would have subsections for each vital time
period. In this case, the key terms are “social media,” “teenagers,” and “mental health.” Use
academic databases like Google Scholar, JSTOR, or PubMed to search for relevant articles, books,
and other publications. For more article related to Sample example of literature review you can
search in our search page. People and roles The way in which the leadership of coproduction has
been conceptualized in the literature suggests that a range of actors are involved in the coproduction
of health and wellbeing and that these actors can take on different leadership roles and functions.
Within the template, you’ll find plain-language explanations of each section, which should give you
a fair amount of guidance. Literature sources may also be grouped based on similar arguments or
conclusions. Rapid literature review: This is a quick review that provides a snapshot of the current
state of knowledge on a specific research question or topic. Data were synthesised using descriptive
and narrative techniques to identify themes and patterns linked to intervention strategies, targeted
behaviours, study settings and study outcomes. The approaches examined in this context were
characterized by distributed roles and responsibilities in which different individuals’ skills and
expertise were identified as best suited to the task at hand. The researchers have identified the
purpose of the study as evaluating the efficacy of FCMPN in reducing fatigue among practice
nurses. This PDF contains a red highlighter mark that describes the key points. London: SAGE
Publications; 1998. Higgins J. P. T., Green S., editors. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of
interventions: Cochrane book series. In this paperwork, I am going to discuss the general information
about deaf history, example of a literature review essay. If your study asks a question concerning
sustainability, mention a theory or model that underpins this concept. Here are a couple of examples:
The current trend in treatment for congestive heart failure combines surgery and medicine. Using co-
design to develop a collective leadership intervention for healthcare teams to improve safety culture.
It suggests that measures taken will evaluate progress. Turning patient-centeredness from ideal to
real: lessons from 2 success stories. A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources (such as
books, journal articles, and theses) related to a specific topic or research question.