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Effective Human Relations Interper-

sonal and Organizational Applications


12th Edition by Reece ISBN 1133960839
9781133960836
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man-relations-interpersonal-and-organizational-applications-
12th-edition-by-reece-isbn-1133960839-9781133960836/

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Chapter 6—Attitudes Can Shape Your Life

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. In Chapter 6, you were introduced to the popular, successful Panda Express chain of restaurants and
the philosophy of it founders. Their emphasis on continuous learning and self-improvement
exemplifies that competitive advantage in the marketplace can be achieved through
a. hiring the right people.
b. paying attention to employees.
c. providing quick and accurate information.
d. excellent customer service.
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 119 OBJ: LO: 6-1 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Motivation Concepts KEY: Bloom's: Application

2. Attitudes are our sincere thoughts. Which of the following statements is true about attitudes?
a. They affect how we think, feel and act.
b. They are the foundation upon which we develop our values.
c. They are relatively easy to form and change.
d. Attitudes can significantly affect our mental health but have little impact on our physical
health.
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy
REF: p. 120 OBJ: LO: 6-1 NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

3. Jasmine goes out of her way to display a caring attitude to one of her customers during a sales call.
The customer establishes a long-term relationship with Jasmine's company. This is an example of
a. the influence of role models on attitudes.
b. how attitude can lead to success in someone's career.
c. how an empathizer can be a powerful force in an organization.
d. the power of a reference group on the formation of attitudes.
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 123 OBJ: LO: 6-1 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: HRM KEY: Bloom's: Application

4. Andrew Cherng’s business culture shows that he feels personally responsible for his company’s
success. There seems to be a correlation of its growth and high performance with
a. repeat customers.
b. providing quality products.
c. requiring a ‘human touch’.
d. his employees.
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 119 OBJ: LO: 6-1 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Motivation Concepts KEY: Bloom's: Application

5. Rafael sees his family achieve financial success through hard work. His parents and teachers talk about
the importance of voting and being active in the community. As a result, Rafael develops strong
attitudes about these issues. This is an example of
a. the power of a peer group in forming attitudes.
b. the socialization process.
c. the power of attitudes within an organization.
d. rewards and punishment in forming attitudes.
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 124 OBJ: LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Analytic
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Application

6. Carlos teaches high school language arts classes. When selecting a reference group, he is most likely to
choose
a. several educators belonging to the National Council of Teachers of English.
b. various school administrators.
c. the high school student body.
d. members of his family.
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 124 OBJ: LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Application

7. Sherry hates to do financial reports. Her boss encourages her when he gives her a financial report
assignment and praises her when she gets it done on time and accurately. He is quite stern and scolds
her if she complains about doing them. Over time, Sherry begins to feel more positively about doing
the reports and actually comes to enjoy them. This is an example of the power of
a. rewards and punishment in forming attitudes.
b. the effect of role model identification on attitude formation.
c. the socialization process at work.
d. a peer group on the development of attitudes.
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 124 OBJ: LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Analytic
STA: DISC: Motivation Concepts KEY: Bloom's: Application

8. As CEO of a very successful corganizeion, Joshua tries to show his enthusiasm and support for the
work of his staff. They then demonstrate this approach to life to middle management. This
continues down the chain of authority. We can then say that
a. the socialization process works well.
b. using role models influences our attitudes.
c. success is a reflection of the attitudes of its leaders.
d. the power of reference groups on perception is very strong.
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 121 OBJ: LO: 6-1 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Leadership Principles KEY: Bloom's: Application

9. Alex admires his manager, Susan, and considers her a role model. Susan often speaks about the
importance of communication. At the same time, her busy schedule with external clients makes her
very unavailable to Alex and other employees. During the rare chance that they are able to speak with
her, she seems hurried and answers other calls and text messages. Alex is most likely to develop an
attitude that
a. communicating with employees and clients are equally important.
b. upward communication is valuable to managers.
c. communicating with clients is less important than communicating with employees.
d. internal communication is less important than external communication.
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 124-125 OBJ: LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Leadership Principles KEY: Bloom's: Application

10. Rude behavior in the workplace such as using profanity and failure to say "please" and "thank you"
demonstrates a lack of
a. basic interpersonal skills.
b. appreciation of coworker diversity.
c. openness to change.
d. self-motivation.
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 126 OBJ: LO: 6-3 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Application

11. While developing an eco-friendly cleaning wipe, Jackie suggested using a particular material, which
triggered an idea in Jamal to try a similar but faster-dissolving material. The team adopted Jamal's
idea, and the product succeeded. When Jamal's boss asked whose idea it was to use the choice of
material, Jamal said it was his, but that he wouldn't have thought of it without Jackie's input. In this
example, Jamal most clearly demonstrates which of the following employer-valued attitudes?
a. Honesty and team spirit
b. Health consciousness and culture appreciation
c. Optimism and health consciousness
d. Self-motivation and flexibility
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 126 OBJ: LO: 6-3 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Application

12. Ahmad was recently laid off from his job at Big Bank. When he was employed, he did not enjoy his
job; however, now that his job is gone, he feels discouraged and hopeless. Ahmad needs to change his
attitude and can do so by
a. seeking support and happiness in his relationships.
b. doing more things that he enjoys.
c. discovering positive opportunities resulting from the layoff.
d. doing all of these.
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 127-130 OBJ: LO: 6-4 NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Application

13. Mandy's employer is going through a period of intense and rapid change. Mandy has begun rejecting
any new work-related idea or practice, preferring to cling to the methods that her employer used before
the changes began. Mandy is exhibiting which of the following negative attitudes concerning change?
a. Tenacity
b. Arrogance
c. Inflexibility
d. Traditionalism
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 126 OBJ: LO: 6-3 NAT: BUSPROG: Analytic
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Application

14. Despite facing a struggling economy, ABC Company offers its employees yoga and healthy cooking
classes at lunch and after work. The company is attempting to
a. reduce costs by promoting employee well-being.
b. enhance employee spirituality.
c. create self-directed learners.
d. make employees work harder by offering additional benefits.
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 126-127 OBJ: LO: 6-3 NAT: BUSPROG: Analytic
STA: DISC: Motivation Concepts KEY: Bloom's: Application

15. The changing demographics of the global work force make which of the following attitudes especially
important for success in the workplace?
a. Self-leadership
b. Valuing coworker diversity
c. Being concerned about your own health and wellness
d. Self-directed learning
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy
REF: p. 127 OBJ: LO: 6-3 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity
STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

16. Which type of person is more likely to view problems as temporary setbacks rather than as barriers to
success?
a. Pessimists
b. Optimists
c. Introverts
d. Directors
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy
REF: p. 129 OBJ: LO: 6-4 NAT: BUSPROG: Analytic
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

17. Lena frequently agrees with the rest of her team in hopes that she will be accepted by her team
members. She may lose control of her attitude due to
a. cynicism.
b. group think.
c. having a closed mind.
d. professional relationships.
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 129-130 OBJ: LO: 6-4 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Application

18. Henry wants to help one of his employees develop a more positive attitude about work. He should
a. keep an open mind.
b. alter the way the employee thinks.
c. change the conditions surrounding the events that feed the employee's negative attitude.
d. provide negative consequences for doing what is asked.
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 130-131 OBJ: LO: 6-5 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Application

19. An important first step in changing your attitude is


a. changing your lifestyle.
b. asking your parents for feedback.
c. asking your friends to change their attitudes with you.
d. concentrating on positive things in your life.
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy
REF: p. 128 OBJ: LO: 6-4 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

20. Improving employee's attitudes can increase a company's productivity. Ways to change employee's
attitudes include
a. focusing primarily on monetary rewards for employees.
b. presenting opportunities for career development through conferences.
c. encouraging management to develop friendships with their workers.
d. buying the workers pizza.
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 131 OBJ: LO: 6-6 NAT: BUSPROG: Analytic
STA: DISC: Motivation Concepts KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

Case 6.1

Martin is managing a production line in a manufacturing plant in the Midwest. Martin has a quality
and productivity problem in one part of the manufacturing process. He discovers that his workers
aren't sure what to do. When he asks why they didn't ask questions, the universal reply is, "We
Midwesterners don't ask questions, we just do."
Martin decides to address this problem by offering recognition rewards for anyone who asks the most
job-related questions each month that lead to process improvements. Unfortunately, Martin finds the
program doesn't work. When he further questions his workers, he discovers that no one wants to be the
first to ask questions. As a group, workers still feel that they should figure it out on their own and not
ask questions.

Martin finds Carmen, one of the workers that everyone else admires, and talks her into being the first
to ask questions as part of the program. After about a month, several other people begin to submit
questions, and soon everyone in the plant is asking questions.

21. Refer to Case 6.1. The source of Martin's production and quality problem is an example of which
influence on attitudes?
a. Rewards and punishment
b. Role models
c. Peer or reference group
d. Culture
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 125 OBJ: LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Application

22. Refer to Case 6.1. Martin's plan failed initially because he didn't consider the power of ____ on
attitudes.
a. the socialization process
b. peer or reference groups
c. role model identification
d. rewards and punishments
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 124 OBJ: LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Application

23. Refer to Case 6.1. Martin's identification of Carmen is an example of using ____ to influence attitudes.
a. culture
b. socialization
c. rewards and punishments
d. role models
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 124-125 OBJ: LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Application

24. Refer to Case 6.1. Martin's initial solution to the problem is an example of using which influence to
change individual attitudes about asking questions?
a. Changing consequences
b. Changing conditions
c. Socialization through training
d. Keeping an open mind
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 131 OBJ: LO: 6-5 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Motivation Concepts KEY: Bloom's: Application

25. Refer to Case 6.1.Which of the following attitudes does Martin most value in Carmen's willingness to
ask the first questions?
a. Team spirit
b. Openness to change
c. Appreciation of coworker diversity
d. Health consciousness
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate
REF: p. 126 OBJ: LO: 6-3 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Application

TRUE/FALSE

1. In the conceptual age, workers and businesses that demonstrate empathetic attitudes will have a
competitive advantage.

ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 123 OBJ: LO: 6-1 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Leadership Principles KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

2. One of the most significant differences between high and low achievers is choice of career.

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 131 OBJ: LO: 6-6 NAT: BUSPROG: Analytic
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

3. We develop negative or positive attitudes toward people, ideas, and events based upon our value
systems.

ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 121-122 OBJ: LO: 6-1 NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

4. It can be difficult, though not impossible, to unlearn negative attitudes.

ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 127 OBJ: LO: 6-4 NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

5. A peer group consists of people who share a common interest and act as an information source for an
individual member.

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 124 OBJ: LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

6. Jane stopped smoking because Mary, her older cousin whom she admires, disapproves and does not
smoke. This is an example of the power of a peer group.

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 124-125 OBJ: LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

7. Influencing another's attitudes through rewards and punishment is only a successful strategy for
children.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy
REF: p. 124 OBJ: LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

8. In most organizations, employees pay more attention to what supervisors and managers do than to
what they say.

ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 125 OBJ: LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

9. Companies can make full use of the ideas, talents, experiences, and perspectives of their employees by
limiting diversity.

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 127 OBJ: LO: 6-3 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity
STA: DISC: Leadership Principles KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

10. When Nina tells her manager that she doesn't feel she needs to attend various pay-for training sessions
or utilize support services, her manager is likely to be thankful for her willing attitude to minimize
company costs.

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 126 OBJ: LO: 6-3 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

11. Andrew occasionally mentions how he is coming along with training to run a marathon. His boss will
probably be unappreciative of his self-absorbed attitude and endeavor.

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 126-127 OBJ: LO: 6-3 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Leadership Principles KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

12. Your authors hold the position that life is largely determined by how you react to it, not what happens
in it.

ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate


REF: p. 127 OBJ: LO: 6-4 NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Application

13. While you can control or modify attitudes to some degree, it is basically impossible to change them
once you reach adulthood.

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 127 OBJ: LO: 6-4 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

14. According to the author of Who Moved My Cheese?, learning to cope with change is important for
maintaining a positive attitude.

ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 128 OBJ: LO: 6-4 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge
15. Most differences between happy and unhappy individuals are based on external factors.

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 128 OBJ: LO: 6-4 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

16. You can help others to change their attitudes by changing the conditions that precede a behavior.

ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 130-131 OBJ: LO: 6-5 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

17. By simply saying "Thank you; I appreciate receiving this today" when a coworker provides you
information ahead of schedule, you are can influence that person to timely submit work again in the
future.

ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate


REF: p. 124 | p. 131 OBJ: LO: 6-2 | LO: 6-5
NAT: BUSPROG: Communication STA: DISC: Group Dynamics
KEY: Bloom's: Application

18. Studies show that you will probably not want to work again for a company that laid you off, nor
recommend it to a friend.

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 121 OBJ: LO: 6-1 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

19. When asked, employees cite interesting work and recognition among the best ways to help them
improve their attitudes in an organization.

ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 131 OBJ: LO: 6-6 NAT: BUSPROG: Analytic
STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

20. Employees who frequently have a negative attitude can still maintain a high level of productivity.

ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy


REF: p. 131 OBJ: LO: 6-6 NAT: BUSPROG: Analytic
STA: DISC: Group Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

COMPLETION

1. We can never really know a person’s attitude unless we see their_____________.

ANS: behavior or actions

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 120


OBJ: LO: 6-1 NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics
KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension
2. ____________________ are able to imagine themselves in someone else's position and understand
what that person is feeling.

ANS: Empathizers

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 123


OBJ: LO: 6-1 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics
KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

3. The American Public Health Association may be a relevant ____________________ for a nurse or
physician to learn information and compare ideas in ways that influence their attitudes and behaviors.

ANS: reference group

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 124


OBJ: LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication STA: DISC: Group Dynamics
KEY: Bloom's: Application

4. Organizations today work hard to create appropriate ____________________ that attract and maintain
highly qualified workers during volatile times.

ANS: corporate cultures

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 125


OBJ: LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication STA: DISC: Motivation Concepts
KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

5. As children hit adolescence, they are influenced by their ____________________ even more than
parents, teachers, and other adult figures.

ANS: peer group

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 124


OBJ: LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication STA: DISC: Group Dynamics
KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

6. Valuing ____________________ means that an organization tends to make full use of the ideas,
talents, experiences, and perspectives of all employees.

ANS: diversity

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 127


OBJ: LO: 6-3 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Strategy
KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

7. Often pessimism leads to ____________________, which is a mistrusting attitude regarding the


motives of people.

ANS: cynicism

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 129


OBJ: LO: 6-4 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics
KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge
8. To help others change their attitudes, you can change the conditions that precede the inappropriate
behavior or change the ____________________ that follow.

ANS: consequences

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 130


OBJ: LO: 6-5 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics
KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

9. According to author Brian Tracy's "____________________", the more thoroughly you open your
mind to the options available to you, the more freedom you have.

ANS: Law of Flexibility

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 130


OBJ: LO: 6-4 NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics
KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

10. If employers want to maintain or improve the positive attitudes of their workers, and thereby maintain
or improve productivity, they need to address the quality of their employees’ __________________.

ANS: work life

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 132


OBJ: LO: 6-6 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication STA: DISC: Leadership Principles
KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

SHORT ANSWER

1. How is the success of a company affected by its leaders’ attitudes?

ANS:
Some leaders believe they should only make a profit and satisfy stockholders. The best companies do
this but also create a healthy work enviornment as well as contribute to their community. Their
leaders have attitudes like those of the founder of Panda Express.

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 121


OBJ: LO: 6-1 NAT: BUSPROG: Analytic STA: DISC: Leadership Principles
KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge

2. Describe the relationship among a person's values, attitudes, and behaviors.

ANS:
A person's values are at the core of what she is. Her values will influence her attitudes, or her beliefs or
feelings concerning people, objects, ideas, or events. In turn, her attitudes will determine her likelihood
to behave in a particular manner.

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 121


OBJ: LO: 6-1 NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics
KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

3. Define what attitudes are and discuss five forces that influence their formation .
ANS:
Attitudes are thoughts that a person accepts as true that lead him/her to think, feel, or act negatively or
positively toward a person, idea, or event. They are influenced by socialization, peer and reference
groups, rewards and punishment, role models, and culture.

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 120 | p. 124-125


OBJ: LO: 6-1 | LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

4. Identify an instance in your life when you felt unhappy. Applying the principles outlined in Chapter 6,
how did you create − or how should you have created − your own happiness?

ANS:
Answers will vary, but should address: focusing on things that give pleasure/enjoyment, positively
reframing the event that caused the unhappiness, and finding support and happiness through friends
and/or family.

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Challenging REF: p. 127-130


OBJ: LO: 6-4 NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics
KEY: Bloom's: Synthesis

5. Briefly explain what it means to value diversity.

ANS:
Valuing diversity means making full use of the ideas, talents, experiences, and perspectives of all
employees at all levels within an organization, regardless of the background, ethnicity, etc. of the
respective employees.

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Easy REF: p. 127


OBJ: LO: 6-3 NAT: BUSPROG: Diversity STA: DISC: Group Dynamics
KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

6. What are the seven attitudes of highly valuable employees? What evidence could you find in their
behaviors that would indicate to you that they possess these attitudes?

ANS:
Employers value self-motivation (worker meets deadlines/achieves goals with little supervision), basic
interpersonal skills (displays common courtesies), openness to change (willing to try new ideas, learn
new practices), team spirit (gives credit to team members, helps teammates succeed), health
consciousness (exercises, practices stress-relief techniques), appreciation of coworker diversity (is
considerate of the ideas and perspectives of dissimilar coworkers), and honesty (tells truth, uses
company dollars, materials responsibly).

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 125-127


OBJ: LO: 6-3 NAT: BUSPROG: Analytic STA: DISC: Group Dynamics
KEY: Bloom's: Analysis

7. How will the age of information affect attitudes?

ANS:
Technology has allowed companies to have accurate information for their customers. A competitive
edge is developed if employees provide better service due to positive attitudes and good interpersonal
training. This includes understanding other people’s feelings or empathizing. “High touch” is as
necessary as “high tech.”

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 120


OBJ: LO: 6-1 NAT: BUSPROG: Technology
STA: DISC: Information Technologies KEY: Bloom's: Comprehension

ESSAY

1. Identify a particular attitude of yours and explain how it was formed and strengthened or changed over
time due to each of the five influences mentioned in Chapter 6.

ANS:
Answers will vary.

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Challenging REF: p. 124-125


OBJ: LO: 6-2 NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics
KEY: Bloom's: Evaluation

2. Your close friend was laid off due to downsizing, and she's feeling depressed. She's looked online and
in the paper for job openings, but has recently given up hope on finding anything. You've also noticed
that she has become more withdrawn from friends lately. Detail a well-rounded plan for how you can
help her improve her attitude about this jobless situation.

ANS:
Answers will vary.

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Challenging REF: p. 121 | p. 130-131


OBJ: LO: 6-1| LO: 6-5 NAT: BUSPROG: Communication
STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics KEY: Bloom's: Synthesis

3. Illustrate three different personal attitudes that correlate to the three components developed by social
psychologists.

ANS:
Answers will vary.

PTS: 1 DIF: Difficulty: Moderate REF: p. 120


OBJ: LO: 6-1 NAT: BUSPROG: Reflective Thinking STA: DISC: Individual Dynamics
KEY: Bloom's: Application
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Chapter XI.
PRAYER AT THE TAKING OFF OF THE CROWNS
ON THE EIGHTH DAY.

O Lord our God, who blessest the crown of the year, and permittest
these crowns to be put on them that are conjoined to one another by
the law of marriage, vouchsafing them to them as the reward of
chastity; for they are pure that are conjoined in the lawfully appointed
marriage that is from thee; do thou thyself also bless, in the taking off
of these crowns, them that have been conjoined together, and
preserve their union unbroken, that they may ever give thanks unto
thine all-holy name, of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy
Ghost, now and ever, and to ages of ages. Amen.
Priest. Peace to all.
O Lord, thy servants, having met in concord and accomplished the
order of marriage as at Cana of Galilee, and contracted the signs
according thereto, ascribe glory to thee, to the Father, and to the
Son, and to the Holy Ghost, now and ever, and to ages of ages.
Amen.
And the dismissal.
Chapter XII.
THE ORDER FOR A SECOND MARRIAGE.

The priest beginneth, Blessed be our God.... Then, Trisagion. After


Our Father.... the troparion of the day.
Then, ectenia.
In peace let us pray to the Lord.
For the peace that is from above....
For the peace of the whole world....
For this holy temple....
For the servants of God, name, and, name, and for their protection
by God and mutual life, let us pray to the Lord.
That they may live together virtuously in unanimity, let us pray to
the Lord.
Help us, save us, have mercy....
Commemorating our most holy, most pure, most blessed....
For to thee is due....
Then, Let us pray to the Lord.
Priest, the prayer.
O God eternal, who bringest things that are divided unto unity, and
imposest upon these two an indissoluble bond of love, who didst
bless Isaac and Rebecca, and declare them to be the inheritors of
thy promise; do thou thyself also bless these thy servants, name,
and, name, directing them in every good work.
For a merciful and man-loving God thou art, and to thee we
ascribe glory, to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost,
now and ever, and to ages of ages. Amen.
Priest. Peace to all.
Deacon. Bow your heads to the Lord.
Priest, the prayer.
O Lord our God, who hast espoused the church as a pure virgin from
among the gentiles; do thou bless these espousals, and unite and
keep these thy servants in peace and unanimity.
For to thee is due all glory, honour, and worship, to the Father, and
to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost, now and ever, and to ages of
ages.
Then the priest, taking the rings, giveth first the golden one to the
man, and the silver one to the woman, and saith to the man,
The servant of God, name, is betrothed to the handmaid of God,
name, in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy
Ghost. Amen.
And in like manner to the woman, The handmaid of God, name, is
betrothed to the servant of God, name, in the name of the Father,
and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. Amen.
And he maketh a cross with the rings upon their heads, and
placeth them on the fingers of their right hands. Then the sponsor
changeth the rings of the bridal pair.
After this, the deacon. Let us pray to the Lord.
Priest, the prayer.
Master, Lord our God, who sparest all, and providest for all, who
knowest the secrets of men, having knowledge of all things; do thou
cleanse our sins, and pardon the transgression of thy servants,
calling them to repentance: vouchsafe unto them remission of
iniquities, cleansing of sins, pardon of voluntary and involuntary
transgressions, O thou that knowest the weakness of human nature,
thou Fashioner and Creator. O thou who didst forgive Raab the
harlot, and accept the repentance of the publican, remember not our
sins of ignorance from our youth up. For if thou, O Lord, shouldest
mark transgressions, who should stand before thee, O Lord? or what
flesh should be justified in thy sight? For thou only art just, sinless,
holy, of abundant mercy, plenteous beneficence, and repentest thee
concerning the evils of men. Do thou thyself, O Master, who claimest
thy servants, name, name, unite them to one another in love; give
unto them the conversion of the publican, the tears of the harlot, and
the confession of the thief, that, through repentance from all their
heart, performing thy commandments in unanimity and peace, they
may be counted worthy of thy heavenly kingdom.
For thou art the provider for all, and to thee we ascribe glory....
Priest. Peace to all.
Deacon. Bow your heads to the Lord.
And this prayer.
O Lord Jesus Christ, Word of God, who wast lifted up upon the
precious and life-effecting cross, and didst tear up the handwriting
that was against us, and deliver us from the power of the devil; do
thou cleanse the transgressions of thy servants, for, unable to bear
the burden and the heat of the day, and the burning of the flesh, they
are come to a second community of marriage, in accordance with
that which thou hast lawfully appointed by thy chosen vessel, Paul,
the apostle, saying, because of our low estate, It is better to marry in
the Lord than to burn. Do thou thyself, as being good and man-
loving, have mercy and pardon, cleanse, remit, and forgive our
debts; for thou art he that took our weaknesses on thy shoulders: for
there is none sinless, or without defilement for even one day of his
life: thou only art the one who didst bear flesh sinlessly, and thou
bestowest upon us eternal passionlessness.
For thou art God, the God of the penitent, and to thee we ascribe
glory, to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost, now and
ever, and to ages of ages.
People. Amen.
Let us pray to the Lord.
Priest, the prayer.
O holy God, who didst form man from the dust, and from his rib didst
fashion woman, and yoke her unto him a helpmeet for him, because
so it was seemly unto thy majesty for man not to be alone upon the
earth; do thou thyself, now, O Master, stretch forth thy hand from thy
holy dwelling-place, and conjoin this thy servant, name, and this
thine handmaid, name; for by thee a woman is conjoined to a
husband. Yoke them together in unanimity, crown them in one flesh,
bestow on them fruit of the womb, and the gain of well-favoured
children.
For thine is the might, and thine is the kingdom, and the power....
And, taking the crowns, he crowneth the bridegroom, saying,
The servant of God, name, is crowned for the handmaid of God,
name, in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy
Ghost.
In like manner he crowneth also the bride, saying,
The handmaid of God, name, is crowned for the servant of God,
name, in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy
Ghost.
Then he blesseth them, saying thrice,
O Lord our God, crown them with glory and honour.
Then he saith the epistle and gospel, as they are written in the first
coronation. Vide page 67.
Then the deacon.
Let us all say with our whole soul....
O Lord Almighty, the God of our fathers....
Have mercy upon us, O God....
Furthermore let us pray for mercy, life, peace, health, salvation,
and visitation for the servants of God, names, and he
commemorateth whom he wisheth.
Exclamation. For a merciful....
Deacon. Let us pray to the Lord.
Priest, this prayer.
O Lord our God, who, in thy saving providence, didst vouchsafe in
Cana of Galilee to declare marriage honourable by thy presence; do
thou now thyself preserve in peace and unanimity thy servants,
name, and, name, whom thou art well-pleased should be conjoined
to one another: declare their marriage honourable: preserve their
bed undefiled: be pleased that their mutual life may be unblamable,
and count them worthy to attain unto a ripe old age, keeping thy
commandments in a pure heart.
For thou art our God, the God to have mercy and to save, and to
thee we ascribe glory, with thine unbeginning Father, and with thine
all-holy, and good, and life-creating Spirit, now and ever, and to ages
of ages. Amen.
Deacon.
Help us, save us, have mercy....
That the whole day may be perfect, holy....
An angel of peace, a faithful....
Pardon and forgiveness of our sins....
What is good and profitable for our souls....
That the remaining time of our life....
A christian end of our life....
Having prayed for the unity of the faith, and the communion....
The priest exclaimeth,
And count us worthy, O Master....
People. Our Father....
Priest, For thine is the kingdom....
Amen.
Priest. Peace to all.
Bow your heads to the Lord.
Then the common cup is brought, and the priest blesseth it, and
saith this prayer.
O God, who by thy might createst all things, and confirmest the
universe, and adornest the crown of all things created by thee; do
thou, with thy spiritual blessing, bless also this common cup given for
the community of marriage unto them that are conjoined.
With a loud voice,
For blessed is thy name, and glorified thy kingdom....
Then the priest, taking in his hand the common cup, giveth them to
drink thrice, first to the man, and then to the woman. And straightway
the priest, taking them, leadeth them in the form of a circle, and
singeth in tone v,
Rejoice, O Esaias, the virgin is with child, and bringeth forth a son,
Emmanuel, God and man: the orient is his name, whom magnifying,
we call the virgin blessed.
Another, tone vii.
O holy martyrs, who valiantly contended and are crown’d; pray ye
the Lord for mercy on our souls.
Glory to thee, Christ God, apostles’ boast and martyrs’ joy, whose
preaching was the consubstantial Trinity.
And, taking the crown from the bridegroom, he saith,
Be thou magnified, O bridegroom, as Abraham, and blessed as
Isaac, and increased as Jacob, walking in peace, and performing in
righteousness the commandments of God.
And, taking the crown from the bride, he saith,
And thou, O bride, be thou magnified as Sara, and rejoiced as
Rebecca, and increased as Rachel, being glad in thy husband, and
keeping the paths of the law, for so God is well pleased.
Let us pray to the Lord.
Then the prayer.
O God, our God, who wast present in Cana of Galilee, and didst
bless the marriage there; do thou bless also these thy servants, who,
by thy providence, are conjoined in the community of marriage.
Bless their incomings and outgoings, replenish their life with good
things, accept their crowns in thy kingdom unsullied and undefiled,
and preserve them without offence to ages of ages.
Choir. Amen.
Priest. Peace to all.
Bow your heads to the Lord.
And he prayeth.
The Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, the all-holy, and
consubstantial, and life-originating Trinity, one Godhead and
sovereignty, bless you, and vouchsafe unto you long life, well-
favoured children, progress in life and faith, and replenish you with
all the good things of the earth, and count you worthy of the
obtaining of promised blessings, through the prayers of the holy
God-bearing one, and of all the Saints. Amen.
Then they come and congratulate them, and they kiss one
another. And the dismissal is made.
He that by his presence in Cana of Galilee declared marriage to
be honourable, Christ our true God, through the prayers of his most
pure Mother; of the holy, glorious, and all-praised apostles; of the
holy god-crowned sovereigns and equals of the apostles,
Constantine and Helen; of the holy great-martyr Procopius, and of all
the Saints, have mercy upon us and save us, as being good and the
lover of mankind.
Chapter XIII.
THE ORDER OF HOLY UNCTION SUNG BY
SEVEN PRIESTS ASSEMBLED IN A CHURCH OR
IN A HOUSE.

A table is prepared, and on this they place the holy gospel and a
dish of wheat, and on the wheat an empty oil cruet, and round it in
the wheat seven twigs wrapped with cotton wool for the anointing;
and they give tapers to all the priests. And, all standing round the
table vested in phelonia, the first of the priests taketh the censer with
incense, and censeth the table upon which the oil is round about,
and all the church, or the house, and the people; and, standing
before the table, looking towards the east, he beginneth,
Blessed be our God.... And Trisagion. O most holy Trinity.... Our
Father.... For thine is the kingdom.... Lord, have mercy, xii. O come,
let us worship.... thrice.
And psalm cxlii. O Lord hear my prayer....
Glory. Both now. Alleluia, thrice.
And the deacon, the ectenia.
Again and again in peace let us pray to the Lord.
Help us, save us, have mercy....
Commemorating our most holy, most pure, most blessed....
Priest. For to thee is due....
Choir. Amen.
And straightway they sing Alleluia in tone vi.
Verse i. O Lord, rebuke me not in thine anger, neither chasten me
in thy fury.
Verse ii. Have mercy upon me, O Lord, for I am weak.
Then troparia.
Have mercy upon us, O Lord, have mercy upon us; for, destitute of
all defence, we sinners offer unto thee, as Master, this prayer, Have
mercy upon us.
Glory.
O Lord, have mercy upon us; for we have put our trust in thee. Be
not exceedingly wroth against us, neither remember our
transgressions; but, as being loving-kind, look now upon us, and
deliver us from our enemies: for thou art our God, and we are thy
people, we are all the work of thy hand, and we call upon thy name.
Both now.
Open unto us the gates of loving-kindness, O blessed God-
bearing one, that we perish not who put our trust in thee, but through
thee may we be delivered from calamities; for thou art the salvation
of the christian race.
After this, Have mercy upon me, O God....
And the canon, whereof the acrostic is,
A song of prayer oil by Arsenius.
Ode i. Irmos. Tone iv.
Through the red sea’s depth....
O Master, who with oil of loving-kindness dost mortals’ souls and
bodies alway tranquilize, and them that faithful be preserv’st with oil;
do thou thyself now have compassion upon those approaching thee
by means of oil.
The earth, O Master, is of thy mercy full. Therefore to-day anointed
with thy sacred precious oil, in faith we pray thee to bestow thy
mercy that surpasseth thought on us.
Glory.
O lover of mankind, who mercifully thine apostles didst command
to minister thy priestly unction on thine ailing servants; do thou, at
their entreaties, through thy seal, have mercy upon all.
Both now.
O only pure one, who didst bear the boundless sea of peace, by
thine entreaties alway unto God, thy servant free from ailings and
from griefs, that he may magnify thee ceaselessly.
Ode iii. Irmos.
In thee thy church is glad....
Thou that alone art wonderful to faithful men, merciful Christ, grant
from on high thy grace to him that suffereth grievously.
O Lord, who once, for thy divine token that the flood had ceas’d,
didst shew an olive branch, in mercy save the afflicted one.
Glory.
With a lamp of light divine, in mercy lighten him, O Christ, who
now, in faith through the anointing, to thy mercy maketh speed.
Both now.
O Mother of the Maker of all things, look from on high with favour,
and release, by thine entreaties, the sufferer from his bitter pain.
Kathisma, tone viii.
Like, The pastoral reed....
Thou that art a divine river of mercy, a depth of abundant
sympathy, O compassionate one; manifest the divine streams of thy
mercy, and heal all: let the springs of wonders flow plenteously, and
wash all; for, ever betaking ourselves to thee, we fervently entreat
thy grace.
Another, tone iv.
Like, Thou that wast lifted up....
Physician and helper of them that are in sufferings, redeemer and
Saviour of them that are in sicknesses; do thou thyself, O Master
and Lord of all, grant healing unto thine afflicted servant: have
compassion and mercy upon him who hath greatly offended, and
deliver him, O Christ, from iniquities, that he may glorify thy divine
power.
Ode iv. Irmos.
Seeing thee lifted up....
Thou, Saviour, that, as myrrh corruptless, dost, through thy grace,
thyself outpour and cleanse the world; compassionate be, yea,
merciful to him, who doth, in faith divine, the body’s sores anoint.
With the tranquility of thy mercy’s seal, O Master, sign now the
senses of thy servants, and make the way thereto accessless and
approachless to all opposing powers.
Glory.
Thou who dost bid that thy divine hierurgists be call’d to them
whose strength hath fail’d, and these by prayer and unction with
thine oil to save; do thou, O lover of mankind, save, by thy mercy,
the afflicted one.
Both now.
Most holy and God-bearing ever-virgin, strong shelter and
defence, thou ladder and thou wall, have mercy and compassion on
the sufferer; for he hath fled to thee, and thee alone.
Ode v. Irmos.
Thou, Lord, my light....
Thou, good one, that art mercy’s depth, do thou, O merciful, have
mercy, in thy mercifulness divine, on him that suffereth; for thou art
loving-kind.
Sanctifying unspeakably from on high, O Christ, our souls and
bodies with the divine impression of thy seal, with thine own hand
heal all.
Glory.
O most good Lord, who, through thine untold love, acceptedst
myrrh-anointing from the sinful woman; compassionate thy servant.
Both now.
All-praised, pure, and most good Queen, have mercy upon them
that are anointed with the oil divine, and save thy servant.
Ode vi. Irmos.
I will sacrifice unto thee with the voice....
O lover of mankind, who shewest by thy words anointing is for
kings, and this performest by highpriests; save thou the sufferer by
thy seal, for thou art loving-kind.
Let no communicating act of bitter demons touch his senses who
is sign’d with the divine anointing, Saviour; but with the safeguard of
thy glory him surround.
Glory.
Stretch from on high thy hand, O lover of mankind, and sanctify
thine oil, and grant this to thy servant, Saviour, for healing and
deliverance from all sicknesses.
Both now.
Mother of the Creator, thou, in thy sacred temple, hast appear’d a
fruitful olive tree, whereby the world appeareth fill’d with mercy.
Therefore save the sufferer by the touching of thy prayers.
Condakion, tone ii.
Like, Seeking the things above....
Thou that art the fountain of mercy, O thou that art most good, do
thou deliver from every calamity them that with fervent faith fall down
before thine unspeakable mercy; and, O thou that art loving-kind,
taking away their ailings, do thou grant unto them thy divine grace
from on high.
Ode vii. Irmos.
The abrahamic children in the furnace....
Thou, Saviour, that alone art God, who in thy mercy and
compassions, healest the spiritual passions and bodily wounds of all;
physician be thou for this sufferer with disease, and make him whole
thyself.
Since with anointing oil the heads of all anointed are, so give to
this one joy of gladness, Christ, granting the mercy of thy redemption
unto him that seeketh this, for thy rich mercy’s sake, O Lord.
Glory.
Thy seal, O Saviour, against demons is a sword, and prayers of
priests a fire that burneth passions of the soul. Therefore in faith we
praise thee, we, who have healing gain’d.
Both now.
O thou, the Mother of God, who didst conceive within thy womb, in
wise befitting God, him that doth all things hold within his hand, and
flesh didst give to him unspeakably; we pray thee, Be thou gracious
to this suffering one.
Ode viii. Irmos.
With hands extended, Daniel....
O Saviour, have mercy upon all, according to thy mercy mighty
and divine; for, for this cause, we all are gather’d here to image forth
in mystic wise the condescension of thy mercies, and to bring the
unction with the oil in faith unto thy servant, whom visit thou likewise.
With thy mercy’s streams, O Christ, and by thy priests’ anointing
wash away, as Lord the loving-kind, the pains and wounds, and
overwhelmings of affliction of him tormented with the stress of
sufferings, that he, being sav’d, may praise thee with thanksgiving.
Glory.
The sign of condescension from on high and of tranquility being
drawn on us, O Master, through thy godlike mercy; do thou thy
mercy not withdraw, nor him reject who ever crieth faithfully, O bless
the Lord, all ye his works.
Both now.
Glorious as a crown, O pure one, nature hath gain’d thy sacred
giving-birth, which crusheth hosts of foes, and mightily doth vanquish
them. Therefore, with festal brightness crowned through thy grace,
we thee extol, O most extolled Queen.
Ode ix. Irmos.
Unquarried rock....
Look down from heaven, O compassionate one, and shew thy
mercy unto all; and thine assistance and thy strength bestow on him
who now approacheth thee through the divine anointing by thy
priests, O lover of mankind.
O Saviour, thou most good, we have, rejoicing, seen the oil divine,
which, through thy godlike condescension for them that are
recipients, thou thyself accepted hast, and typically hast given to
them that have participated in the font divine.
Glory.
O Saviour, be compassionate and have mercy: deliver out of
dangers and afflictions—deliver from the arrows of the evil one the
souls and bodies of thy servants, and heal them, as the Lord, the
merciful, by thy divine anointing.
Both now.
Accept thy servants’ songs and prayers, O Virgin, and, by thy
supplications, from sufferings and from ills deliver us, even us who to
thy sacred shelter us betake, O thou most pure.
It is very meet....
Exapostilarion.
Like, He hath visited us....
In mercy, O thou good one, with thine eyes regard our prayer,
ours, who to-day are gather’d in thy holy temple to anoint with oil
divine thy suffering servant.
Then stichera, tone iv.
Like, Thou hast given a sign....
Thou hast given thy grace through thine apostles, O good
physician, lover of mankind, to heal the wounds and sicknesses of all
men through thy holy oil. Therefore, as being loving-kind, him that
now faithfully to thy mercy hieth sanctify, have mercy upon him, and
cleanse him from all sickness, and count him worthy of thy
corruptless sweetness, Lord.
O lover of mankind incomprehensible, who, with thine unseen
hand, as being loving-kind, sealest our senses with thine oil divine;
look down from heaven, and give to him that faithfully betaketh him
to thee, and asketh pardon of iniquities, healing of soul and body,
that he may glorify thee lovingly, and magnify thy might.
Through the anointing with thine oil, and through the touching of
thy priests, O lover of mankind, hallow thy servant from on high, free
him from sicknesses, cleanse him from soul’s defilement, wash him,
O Saviour, and deliver him from scandals manifold; tranquilize his
grief, remove his hindrances, and banish his afflictions, as being
merciful and loving-kind.
Glory. Both now. Theotokion.
O most pure royal palace much extoll’d, I pray thee, cleanse my
mind defil’d by every kind of sin; and make it a meet dwelling-place
for the most holy Trinity, that I thy worthless servant, being sav’d,
may magnify thy might and mercy measureless.
Then, Trisagion. O most holy Trinity.... After Our Father.... For
thine is the kingdom....
Then troparion, tone iv.
Thou that alone art quick to help, O Christ, make manifest from on
high a speedy visitation to thine ailing servant: deliver him from
sicknesses and bitter pains, and raise him up, that, without ceasing,
he may praise and glorify thee, through the God-bearing one’s
entreaties, O thou sole lover of mankind.
And after these the deacon, or the first of the
priests, saith this ectenia.
In peace let us pray to the Lord.

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