Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Marketing The Core 5Th Edition Kerin Solutions Manual Full Chapter PDF
Marketing The Core 5Th Edition Kerin Solutions Manual Full Chapter PDF
CHAPTER CONTENTS
PAGE
POWERPOINT RESOURCES TO USE WITH LECTURES ........................................... 5-2
LECTURE NOTES
• Chapter Opener: Buying Publication Paper is a Serious Marketing Responsibility
at JCPenney .................................................................................................................. 5-4
• The Nature and Size of Organizational Markets (LO1) ............................................... 5-4
• Measuring Domestic and Global Industrial, Reseller, and Government Markets ........ 5-5
• Characteristics of Organizational Buying (LO2) ......................................................... 5-6
• The Organizational Buying Process and the Buying Center (LO3) ............................. 5-9
5-1
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any
manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 5 - Understanding Organizations as Customers
IN-CLASS ACTIVITY (ICA): See the ICA CD in the Instructor’s Survival Kit Box
• ICA 5-1: Daktronics: Reaching an Organization’s Buying Center
5-2
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any
manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 5 - Understanding Organizations as Customers
Selected Textbook Images of Ads, Photos, and Products for Lecture Notes
Chapter Opener: Photo of JCPenney catalog cover (p. 104) .............................................................. 5-4
Video Case 5: Photo of cyclist on Trek racing bike (p. 120) ............................................................. 5-24
Supplemental Figures
Figure 5-A Type and number of organization establishments in the U.S.: 2007 [pp. 106-107] ........ 5-6
Figure 5-B Key organizational buying criteria [p. 110] ................................................................... 5-11
1 For each PowerPoint resource listed, the page reference (p. x) or [p. y] in the textbook is where the figure or image is located.
2 The slide number references are for the PowerPoint presentation for this chapter, which is available on the Instructor’s
Resource CD-ROM or can be downloaded from the Marketing: The Core, 5/e website. See www.mhhe.com/kerin.
3 TV ads, videos, and video cases with QR Codes can be viewed on a separate media website for Marketing: The Core, 5/e,
which is core.kerin.tv. For example, to view QR 5-1, the proper URL syntax is http://core.kerin.tv/qr5-1.
5-3
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any
manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 5 - Understanding Organizations as Customers
LO2: Describe the key characteristics of organizational buying that make it different from
consumer buying.
LO3: Explain how buying centers and buying situations influence organizational purchasing.
LO4: Recognize the importance and nature of online buying in organizational markets.
KEY TERMS
5-4
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any
manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 5 - Understanding Organizations as Customers
LECTURE NOTES
• JCPMedia spends hundreds of millions of dollars annually buying paper for catalogs,
newspaper inserts, and direct-mail pieces from 10 paper suppliers around the world.
• Paper buyers work closely with marketing personnel to ensure that the right quality
and quantity of paper are bought at the right price.
b. For use in the creation of products and services that they can produce and market
to others.
a. Manufacturers buy raw materials and parts and reprocess them into finished
goods.
b. Wholesalers and retailers resell the products they buy without reprocessing them.
d. The total annual purchases of organizational buyers are far greater than those of
ultimate consumers.
e. [Figure 5-A] These buyers comprise industrial, reseller, and government markets.
5-5
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any
manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 5 - Understanding Organizations as Customers
A. Industrial Markets
• Industrial firms in some way reprocess a product or service they buy before
selling it again to the next buyer.
B. Reseller Markets
• Resellers are wholesalers and retailers that buy physical products and resell them
again without any reprocessing.
• In the U.S., there are about 1.5 million retailers and 435,000 wholesalers.
C. Government Markets
• Government units are the federal, state, and local agencies that buy goods and
services for the constituents they serve.
a. Provides common industry definitions for Canada, Mexico, and the United States.
b. Makes it easier to measure economic activity in the three member countries of the
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
d. Groups economic activity to permit studies of market share, demand for goods
and services, competition from imports, etc.
5-6
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any
manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 5 - Understanding Organizations as Customers
• [Figure 5-1] The NAICS designates industries with a six-digit numerical code:
d. The fifth digit designates a specific industry and is the level at which comparable
data are available for Canada, Mexico, and the U.S.
a. Permits a firm to find the NAICS codes of its present customers and then obtain
NAICS-coded lists for similar firms.
a. Five-digit national industry codes are not available for all 3 countries because…
b. The respective governments will not reveal data when too few organizations exist
in a category.
LEARNING REVIEW
1. What are the three main types of organizational buyers?
Answer: The NAICS provides common industry definitions for Canada, Mexico, and the
United States, which makes it easier to measure economic activity in the three member
countries of NAFTA.
A. Demand Characteristics
5-7
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any
manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 5 - Understanding Organizations as Customers
• Derived demand.
a. Means that the demand for industrial products and services is driven by, or
derived from, demand for consumer products and services.
• The size of the purchase in organizational buying is much larger than in consumer
buying, with a single purchase running into the thousands or millions of dollars.
• Most organizations place purchasing constraints on their buyers, who must get
competitive bids from at least three prospective suppliers if the order is above a
specific amount.
• The size of the order determines who participates in the purchase decision and the
time required to negotiate a purchase agreement.
• Firms selling consumer products and services often try to reach thousands or
millions of individuals or households.
• For business firms, the buying objective is usually to increase profits through
reducing costs or increasing revenues.
• The objectives of nonprofit firms and government agencies are usually to meet the
needs of the groups they serve.
• Firms have broadened their objectives to emphasize buying from minority- and
women-owned suppliers and vendors.
• These criteria serve the same purpose as the evaluative criteria used by
consumers.
5-8
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any
manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 5 - Understanding Organizations as Customers
a. Price.
d. Technical capability.
• [Figure 5-3] Shows the actual buying criteria organizational buyers employ for
choosing:
b. Suppliers used for product inspection and the frequency with which they’re
used.
c. The price of a machine vision system is the least frequent mentioned criterion.
• Supplier development:
MARKETING MATTERS
Customer Value: Harley-Davidson’s Supplier Collaboration
Creates Customer Value…and a Great Ride
5-9
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any
manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 5 - Understanding Organizations as Customers
b. However, the practice exists and can limit the flexibility of organizational
buyers in choosing alternative suppliers.
• A supply partnership:
• The concept of sustainable procurement has arisen due to the concerns organizations
have regarding how their buying decisions affect the environment.
• Sustainable procurement:
b. Reduces the negative impact on human health and the physical environment.
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any
manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 5 - Understanding Organizations as Customers
[Figure 5-4] Consumers and organizations use the same five stages of the purchase
decision process: (1) problem recognition, (2) information search, (3) alternative
evaluation, (4) purchase decision, and (5) postpurchase evaluation.
• A buying center:
• In large multi-store chain resellers, the buying center is highly formalized and is
called a buying committee.
• Four questions that provide guidance in understanding the buying center in these
organizations include:
a. Which individuals are in the buying center for a particular product or service?
d. How does each member perceive the firm, its products, and its salespeople?
c. Individuals from top management and other functional areas are included
depending on the purchase.
d. A key issue is finding and reaching the people in the buying center who will
initiate, influence, and actually make the buying decision.
2. Roles in the Buying Center. There are five specific roles that an individual in a
buying center can play:
a. Users are people in the organization who actually use the product or service.
5-11
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any
manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 5 - Understanding Organizations as Customers
c. Buyers have formal authority and responsibility to select the supplier and
negotiate the terms of the contract.
d. Deciders have the formal or informal power to select or approve the supplier
that receives the contract.
a. The number of people in the buying center largely depends on the specific
buying situation.
b. [Figure 5-5] There are three types of organizational buying situations, called
buy classes, which vary from the routine reorder to the completely new
purchase:
• New buy.
– The firm is a first-time buyer of the product or service.
– Involves greater risks, so the buying center is enlarged to include all
who have a stake in the new buy.
• Straight rebuy, where the buyer reorders an existing product or service
from the list of acceptable suppliers.
• Modified rebuy, where:
– Users, influencers, or deciders in the buying center want to change the
product specifications, price, delivery schedule, or supplier.
– Although the item purchased is largely the same, the changes usually
necessitate enlarging the buying center to include people outside the
purchasing department.
LEARNING REVIEW
3. What one department is almost always represented by a person in the buying center?
5-12
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any
manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 5 - Understanding Organizations as Customers
• Online organizational buyers account for about 80 percent of the global dollar value
of all online transactions.
• E-marketplaces are:
b. Make possible the real time exchange of information, money, and offerings.
a. Independent e-marketplaces:
• Act as a neutral third-party.
• Provide an Internet technology trading platform and a centralized market
that enable exchanges between buyers and sellers.
• Charge a fee for their service.
• Exist in settings that have one or more of the following features:
– Thousands of geographically dispersed buyers and sellers.
– Frequently changing prices caused by demand and supply fluctuations.
– Time sensitivity due to perishable offerings and changing technology.
– Easy-to-compare offerings among a variety of suppliers.
5-13
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any
manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 5 - Understanding Organizations as Customers
• Offer small business buyers and sellers an economical way to expand their
customer bases and reduce costs.
MARKETING MATTERS
Entrepreneurship: eBay Means Business For Entrepreneurs
• eBay recently introduced a trading platform for the nearly 23 million small businesses
in the U.S. and even greater numbers around the world.
• It has helped them grow, reduce costs, and make them more profitable.
• According to the general manager of eBayBusiness, “Many of our sellers started their
businesses specifically as a result of the ability to use eBay as their e-commerce
platform.”
[Figure 5-6] Many e-marketplaces offer online auctions. There are two types:
• In a traditional auction:
5-14
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any
manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Chapter 5 - Understanding Organizations as Customers
• In a reverse auction:
c. The auction ends when a single bidder wins the business with its lowest price.
LEARNING REVIEW
5. What are e-marketplaces?
Answer: E-marketplaces are online trading communities that bring together buyers and
supplier organizations to make possible the real time exchange of information, money,
products, and services.
6. In general, which type of online auction creates upward pressure on bid prices and
which type creates downward pressure on bid prices?
5-15
© 2013 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any
manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part.
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
spines helping to retain them in position on the back. It is said to be
the male that thus carries the eggs. This species is able to stridulate,
and when doing so vibrates its antennae with excessive rapidity. We
have only about a score of species of Coreidae in Britain, and none
of the remarkable forms of the family are among them.
Series 2. Cryptocerata.
The remaining families of Heteroptera are of aquatic habits, and form
in nearly all works a separate division called Hemiptera Cryptocerata
(or Hydrocorisae, or Hydrocores), distinguished by the antennae
being apparently absent; they are, however, really present, being
situate on the under side of the head, to which they are closely
pressed, or in some cases placed in a pocket in front of each eye.
There are six of these families. Schiödte is doubtless correct in
treating this division as an unnatural one; it is, however, generally
adopted, and is convenient for the purposes of nomenclature and
arrangement.