“COMMUNICATION AND CULTURE”

Dosen Pengampu:
MEITY DINA HIMPONG M.Si
ELFIE MINGKID M.Si

Group 8

Bintang Musa 230811050015

Kezia Lukas 230811050027
Widya Walingkas 230811050045

CLASS A
COMMUNICATION STUDIES
FACULTY OF SOSIAL AND POLITICAL
UNIVERSITAS SAMRATULANGI
2024
 PREFACE

Praise be to the presence of God Almighty for all His blessings so that this paper with the title
"Communication and culture" can be completed well.

The author hopes that this paper can increase knowledge and experience for readers. In fact,
the author further hopes that readers can put this paper into practice in their daily lives.

The author as the author feels that there are still many shortcomings in preparing this paper
due to the author's limited knowledge and experience. For this reason, the author really hopes
for constructive criticism and suggestions from readers for the perfection of this paper.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE................................................................................................................................................2
CHAPTER 3............................................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................................7
BIBLIOGRAPHY....................................................................................................................................8

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Backgroud
Communication is the process of delivering messages from one person to another in
order to influence one's knowledge or behavior. In communication there are also
elements, including: source, message, media, recipient, influence, feedback,
environment. While Culture is matters pertaining to the way of human life. Humans
learn to think, feel, believe, and work out what is culturally appropriate. The languages
of friendship, eating habits, communication practices, social actions, economic activities,
politics and technology, are all based on cultural patterns. Communication and culture
are not just two words but two concepts that can not be separated.
Before we move on to studying and understanding cultural interactions, we must first
know and understand human communication. Understanding humans means
understanding what happened, what will happen, the consequences that arise from the
event and solutions that can influence and maximize the results of the event.
Cultural groups are not absolute, there is nothing that is not worthy of being called a
cultural group, all are cultural groups within certain limits, to be clearer we will discuss
the relationship between communication, culture and intercultural communication.
Basically, communication, in this case intercultural interaction, is very difficult to
avoid whenever an intercultural communication incident occurs. Communication can
occur anywhere and at any time, whether it occurs inside the home or outside the home,
between children and parents, between students and teachers, between superiors and
subordinates, between communicators and communicants and so on.

1.2 Formulation Of The Problem

1. what is communication?
2. what is communication and culture?
3. What are the benefits of this communication and culture?

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 CHAPTER II
DISSCUSION

2.1 Definition Of Communication

Communication is commonly defined as the transmission of information. Its precise
definition is disputed and there are disagreements about whether unintentional or failed
transmissions are included and whether communication not only transmits meaning but
also creates it. Models of communication are simplified overviews of its main
components and their interactions. Many models include the idea that a source uses a
coding system to express information in the form of a message. The message is sent
through a channel to a receiver who has to decode it to understand it. The main field of
inquiry investigating communication is called communication studies. A common way
to classify communication is by whether information is exchanged between humans,
members of other species, or non-living entities such as computers. For human
communication, a central contrast is between verbal and non-verbal communication.
Verbal communication involves the exchange of messages in linguistic form, including
spoken and written messages as well as sign language. Non-verbal communication
happens without the use of a linguistic system, for example, using body language, touch,
and facial expressions. Another distinction is between interpersonal communication,
which happens between distinct persons, and intrapersonal communication, which is
communication with oneself. Communicative competence is the ability to communicate
well and applies to the skills of formulating messages and understanding them.
Communication, the exchange of meanings between individuals through a common
system of symbols. This article treats the functions, types, and psychology of
communication. For a treatment of animal communication, see animal behaviour. For
further treatment of the basic components and techniques of human
communication, see language; speech; writing. Richards’s definition is both general and
rough, but its application to nearly all kinds of communication including those between
humans and animals (but excluding machines) separated the contents of messages from
the processes in human affairs by which these messages are transmitted. More recently,
questions have been raised concerning the adequacy of any single definition of the
term communication as it is currently employed.

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2.2 Definition Of Culture
Culture is a concept that encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found
in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities,
and habits of the individuals in these groups. Culture is often originated from or
attributed to a specific region or location.

Humans acquire culture through the learning processes

of enculturation and socialization, which is shown by the diversity of cultures across
societies.

A cultural norm codifies acceptable conduct in society; it serves as a guideline for

behavior, dress, language, and demeanor in a situation, which serves as a template for
expectations in a social group. Accepting only a monoculture in a social group can bear
risks, just as a single species can wither in the face of environmental change, for lack of
functional responses to the change. Thus in military culture, valor is counted a typical
behavior for an individual and duty, honor, and loyalty to the social group are counted as
virtues or functional responses in the continuum of conflict. In the practice of religion,
analogous attributes can be identified in a social group.

Cultural change, or repositioning, is the reconstruction of a cultural concept of a

society. Cultures are internally affected by both forces encouraging change and forces
resisting change. Cultures are externally affected via contact between societies. Culture
is considered a central concept in anthropology, encompassing the range of phenomena
that are transmitted through social learning in human societies.

Cultural universals are found in all human societies. These include expressive forms
like art, music, dance, ritual, religion, and technologies like tool usage, cooking, shelter,
and clothing. The concept of material culture covers the physical expressions of culture,
such as technology, architecture and art, whereas the immaterial aspects of culture such
as principles of social organization (including practices of political organization and
social institutions), mythology, philosophy, literature (both written and oral),and science
comprise the intangible cultural heritage of a society.

a. Etimology
The modern term "culture" is based on a term used by the ancient
Roman orator Cicero in his Tusculanae Disputationes, where he wrote of a cultivation
of the soul or "cultura animi", using an agricultural metaphor for the development of

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a philosophical soul, understood teleologically as the highest possible ideal for human
development. Samuel Pufendorf took over this metaphor in a modern context,
meaning something similar, but no longer assuming that philosophy was man's natural
perfection. His use, and that of many writers after him, "refers to all the ways in
which human beings overcome their original barbarism, and through artifice,
become fully human."
In 1986, philosopher Edward S. Casey wrote, "The very word culture meant 'place
tilled' in Middle English, and the same word goes back to Latin colere, 'to inhabit,
care for, till, worship' and cultus, 'A cult, especially a religious one.' To be cultural, to
have a culture, is to inhabit a place sufficiently intensely to cultivate it—to be
responsible for it, to respond to it, to attend to it caringly."

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 CHAPTER 3
CONCLUSION

Culture becomes part of communication behavior, and in turn communication also

determines, maintains, develops or passes on culture. What we talk about, how we talk
about it, what we see, notice, or ignore, how we think, and what we think about are
influenced by culture.

In turn, what we talk about, how we talk about it, what we see helps shape, determine
and animate cultureWe. Culture is communication and communication is culture. Culture
does not exist without communication and communication does not exist without culture.

Each of us is unique, meaning that even if we are raised in the same cultural
environment, it is not certain that everyone in that group will be exactly the same in
thinking and behaving, because there will be more specific sub-cultures that greatly
influence their behavior in communicating. Culture and communication have a reciprocal
relationship, like two sides of one coin.

Communication and culture are two things that are interrelated and influence each
other. Understanding intercultural communication is essential to building effective and
harmonious relationships in an increasingly global society.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

en.m.wikipedia.org. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication

en.wikipedia.org. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture
Gordon, G. N. (n.d.). britannica.com. Retrieved from
https://www.britannica.com/topic/communication
people.tamu.edu. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://people.tamu.edu/~i-choudhury/culture.html