The Life and Works of Jose Rizal

Group 4 reporters

Shiane Jane B. Consigna

Macy L. Lustiva

Joppe Sanico

Chapter 5: Rizal’s Life: Exile, Trial and Death

June 26, 1892: Rizal arrives in Manila, welcomed by patriots, and La Liga Filipina is founded.

July 1892: Rizal expresses gratitude to Governor-General Despujol for lifting his sisters' exile order.

Dapitan: Witness to Rizal's fate since July 1896. Rizal engages in diverse activities, including farming,
business, and artistic pursuits. Develops a close relationship with Captain Ricardo Carnicero.

August 26, 1892: Rizal writes a poem, “A Don Ricardo Carnicero,” as a gift to Captain Carnicero.

Rizal in Dapitan

-Rizal helped Dapitan by farming, business, and inventing wooden equipment for brick-making.

-On September 21, 1892, Rizal won a lottery, used part of the winnings to buy land in Talisay, where he
built a house, clinic, and school.

-He wrote to Blumentritt about his activities: poetry, eye surgeries, and studying medicinal plants.

-Known as a top ophthalmologist, Rizal treated George Tauffer and developed a relationship with
Josephine Bracken.

-Created a map of Mindanao for geography class and invented a water system, also assisting with
installing lamp posts.

1896: Dr. Pio Valenzuela and Raymundo Mata inform Rizal about Katipunan's founding and plans for
revolution.

1894-1895: Rizal sends letters to Governor General Ramon Blanco seeking a review of his case.

-Blumentritt proposes Rizal offer his services as a surgeon in Cuba to end his exile.

July 30, 1896: Governor-General Blanco grants Rizal's request to go to Cuba.

September 3, 1896: Rizal leaves Manila for Cuba but is arrested during his trip in the Mediterranean Sea.

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November 3, 1896: Safely guarded, Rizal returns to Manila and is imprisoned at Fort Santiago.

TRIAL AND DEATH OF RIZAL

November 20, 1896: Colonel Francisco Olive, an Advocate of the Spanish military tribunal,sumaamons
Rizal.

Preliminary investigation begins, with a five-day inquiry into Rizal's alleged leadership in the revolution
and involvement in illegal organizations.

Rizal is denied the chance to interrogate his witnesses, allowed only to choose a lawyer from a list of
young Spanish officers who is not into law.

Lt. Luis Taviel de Andrade, Rizal's former bodyguard, is chosen as his lawyer.

Two types of evidence are presented: documentary (15 documents) and testimonial (10 witnesses).

Lt. Taviel de Andrade defends Rizal, but despite efforts, Rizal is found guilty

RIZAL’S REMAINING DAYS AND THE LAST FAREWELL

- December 29, 1896:Rizal learns of the court's decision, realizing his fate is sealed.

- Six o'clock in the morning: Captain Rafael Dominguez reads the official notice of Rizal's execution.

- Rizal spends his last hours in the prison chapel, visited by his mother and sisters.

- He gives his remaining possessions to his sisters, including a lamp with a hidden message inside.

- Rizal writes his final letter to his best friend, Blumentritt, and composes his longest poem, "Mi Ultimo
Adios" or "My Last Farewell."

- In the evening, he has his last supper, forgiving his enemies.

- At three in the morning, he prays and confesses his sins.

- At 5:30 in the morning, he has his last breakfast of three hard-boiled eggs.

- After breakfast, he signs memorabilia and gives gifts to his family and wife, Josephine.

- He writes a final letter to his family and siblings.

December 30, 1896, 6:30 in the morning: Rizal walks to Bagumbayan wearing a black suit, pants, bowler
hat, and white shirt, with his arms tied behind his back.

- He marches amidst armed soldiers, with a trumpet signaling the start of the death march.

- Spectators line the streets, some sympathetic, others eager to see him die.

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- Rizal remains calm, nodding to familiar faces and even smiling at times.

- Refuses to kneel or wear a blindfold, facing the firing squad defiantly.

- Requests to be shot in the small of his back, not the head, which is initially denied but later granted.

- Shakes hands with his defense lawyer before the execution.

- Despite the normal pulse observed by the military physician, Rizal is shot by the firing squad.

- His final words, “Consummatum est!” (It is finished!), echo before the shots are fired.

- A mercy shot to the head is given to ensure his death.

- The Spaniards shout, "Viva España! Muerte a los Traidores!" but the crowd remains silent until the
military band plays "Marcha de Cadiz," prompting cheers.