Title: Navigating the Complexities of Writing a Literature Review on Chinese and Western

Leadership Models

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leadership paradigms. Both traditions have distinct cultural values, historical legacies, and socio-
political contexts that shape their approaches to leadership. Exploring these nuances requires a
nuanced understanding of cultural dynamics and a sensitivity to context.

Moreover, synthesizing contrasting viewpoints and theoretical frameworks from both Chinese and
Western scholarship can be intellectually demanding. It requires the ability to critically evaluate the
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When the level of trust in the organization is high, the employee’s ability can be well developed, and
the organizational goals and personal goals can be easily achieved. To browse Academia.edu and the
wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. Each
participant was assigned an anonymous randomized code to ensure privacy and increase response
rate. According to their study they will have working patterns on leader’s behaviors. Finally, The
study’s implication for theory and practice were discussed, its limitations were identified, and
directions for future research were suggested. Based on leader-member exchange theory, 294
preschool teachers in China were surveyed, and a structural equation model was established to
explore the relationship between the participating teachers' principal leadership style, teacher
leadership and psychological capital. Looking up the origin of the word reveals the rich meaning of.
The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and
the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in
accordance with accepted academic practice. This is an open-access article distributed under the
terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). Therefore, they would have more
confidence and hope in this career and could also maintain an optimistic psychological state at work.
Organizational culture can motivate members of the organization to accept organizational values and
promote organizational commitment to organizational commitment. Organizational culture
profoundly affects the preferences of individual knowledge choice and the way of knowledge
acquisition. Please see About Deloitte to learn more about our global network of member firms. And
the leadership needs to look for new ideas to pursue. However, due to the influence of various
factors, most college students do not regard entrepreneurship as the current choice. Leaders can
influence the culture, atmosphere, vision and values of the organization through their own leadership
behaviors, and develop a series of incentive systems ( Zhu et al., 2011; Than et al., 2020 ).
Leadership behavior also affects attitudes, trust, values ( Le and Lei, 2017, 2018; Inceoglu et al.,
2018 ), and ultimately affect knowledge sharing behavior ( Bai et al., 2016; Le and Than, 2020 ). In
this research, the transformational leadership style of principals scored the highest on the
“intellectual stimulation” dimension. Culture foundation of western europe leadership: Equality,
honesty, independence freedom, risk taking, trust others Culture foundation of chinese
leadership:confusianism, DAO, Buddhism, SUNZI BINGFA. Organizations can create a good
environment, such as an effective system, and leaders can show more transformational behavior,
such as communicating a convincing vision and encouraging employees to participate in
management. With new material on Chinese leadership styles and the challenges of going global, the
book is ideal for any international manager who wants to better understand how to blend the best
practices of Western leadership with traditional Chinese wisdom. Our review answers the call to
identify the distinct Asian context that has distinguished the leadership research in Asia from that of
other regions. The results show that in the context of high bureaucratic culture, the higher the level of
trust tendency, the more implicit knowledge sharing behavior. The so-called entrepreneur refers to the
leader and coordinator in the specific production practice; for this, some people think that
entrepreneurship is an indispensable prerequisite for innovation; others study the characteristics of
entrepreneurial psychology. Afsar et al. (2015) explores the relationship between trust factors and
environmental matching, employee innovative work behavior, and job performance. Therefore, the
concept of leadership has been modified over time and could be seen as a holistic approach, instead
of dependent on cultural settings. The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted,
provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original
publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. Once your order
has left our warehouse, a confirmation e-mail with a tracking number will be sent to you. China, the
very employees who are supposed to be enriched in their jobs by this. Returns that arrived on time
and were as described are subject to a restocking fee. The use, distribution or reproduction in other
forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that
the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice.
It indicates that entrepreneurship has a certain attraction for college students, among which most of
them hope to start a business after accumulating certain work experience. Finally, they will exert a
certain impact on enterprise achievements under the role of entrepreneurial leadership and strategic
orientation. The authors highlight that effective leadership requires the application of a blend of skills
and insights, and that the best blend is reflective of the particular situation in which leadership is
being applied. In bureaucratic culture organizations, the flow of information and power is based on
system and hierarchy ( Meijer, 2008; Eshbaugh-Soha, 2017; Filho and Waterson, 2018 ). Table 2
reveals the independent variables, dependent variables, and their output indexes involved in the
regression analysis. ZC analyzed the data, examined and critically contributed to and finally
approved the manuscript. In a recent article, we discussed different ways for developing gender
neutral leadership. Perishable goods such as food, flowers, newspapers or magazines cannot be
returned. In this process, the implicit knowledge of the individual is transformed into explicit
knowledge, which can be referenced and shared by other members. The list then further refined to
only studies that included leadership attributes that were comparable between Chinese and Western
cultures. Firstly, to examine whether there is an effect of leadership style characteristics on the
individual characteristics of subordinates in a given organization, the participants should include
both individual leaders and all subordinates. Laferriere C. Selvarajah Aron Perenyi Business 2017
There are several theoretical models that explore how creativity fits into innovation. Finally, The
study’s implication for theory and practice were discussed, its limitations were identified, and
directions for future research were suggested. Moreover, in preschool, the individual leadership of
the preschool principal is not sufficient to meet the various developmental needs of the school and
the children. However, due to the influence of various factors, most college students do not regard
entrepreneurship as the current choice. The mind-map was updated on 12 July 2019: Added The
Book of Virtues by William J. Integrity- honest and truthfulness Benevolence-having your interest at
heart, Ability-individuals technical and interpersonal skills. This is another common reason for
disagreements in understanding. When teachers are under the management of a leader with a
transactional leadership style, they know that future rewards or punishments depend on whether their
behaviors meet expectations. However, this is not to suggest leadership in these two cultures is now
the same. The transformation from implicit knowledge to explicit knowledge is a typical innovation
process. It is similar to the self-directed, self-management, organization that are getting popular.
Under the background of low supportive culture, the higher the level of trust tendency, the more
explicit and implicit knowledge sharing behaviors. More free working time and space are the factors
that are more popular with college students and one of the key factors to attract college students to
start their business. Much of this research emphasizes the importance of management taking on a
supporting and encouraging role. There was a mixture of publications focused on either just Western
or Chinese leadership principles, as well as publications that compared the two. Due to the
limitations of the experimental conditions, based on the introduction of students and talents, the
selected research samples are difficult to achieve comprehensive coverage in the analysis of the
entrepreneurial consciousness of college students. At the same time companies need localised
knowledge to address the markets’ specific needs. Organizational culture profoundly affects the
preferences of individual knowledge choice and the way of knowledge acquisition. A good
psychological state not only allows preschool teachers to concentrate more on their teaching practice
but also to be more willing to take on additional roles, actively participate in making decisions and
demonstrate their abilities to make a positive impact on the development and management of the
school.
Evidence-Based Initiatives for Organizational Change and Development. Therefore, relevant analysis
is made based on the teaching concept of Chinese excellent traditional culture. The bureaucracy of a
bureaucratic culture is characterized by cumbersome organization and poor information exchange,
which can hinder the team’s knowledge sharing. The process by which the principal delegates and
discloses his or her authority to the preschool teachers is essentially the principal's adoption of an
open and inclusive leadership style to enhance the leadership of the preschool teachers. Finally,
Transformational leadership style can positively influence preschool teacher leadership directly and
indirectly through psychological capital; transactional leadership style can only positively influence
preschool teacher leadership indirectly through the mediating role of psychological capital. In the
Hypothesis 4A pathway (Transformational leadership style—Psychology capital—Teacher
Leadership), the mediating effect quantity was 0.204, p p. With better technology and a globally
connected world. Leaders in a Chinese environment are expected to regard “ethical considerations
above the achievement of profit”. View industry resources compiled by our open access team. This
study expands the literature on team theory, leadership theory, and knowledge management theory,
and believes that leadership is critical to team members’ knowledge sharing and trust relationships.
Bass later put forward that the laissez-faire leadership style is essentially a kind of leadership
behavior in which the leader allows subordinates to freely develop without assuming relevant
management actions and in which subordinates are often in a state of being overwhelmed. The
findings revealed a significant positive correlation between transformational and transactional
leadership styles and preschool teacher leadership. Holacracy is a third-way: it brings structure and
discipline to a peer-to-peer workplace. Looking up the origin of the word reveals the rich meaning of.
The culture of attaching importance to records (bureaucratic and hierarchical culture) can effectively
store employees’ explicit knowledge, but can not effectively achieve implicit knowledge sharing. The
so-called entrepreneur refers to the leader and coordinator in the specific production practice; for
this, some people think that entrepreneurship is an indispensable prerequisite for innovation; others
study the characteristics of entrepreneurial psychology. It is good to study the details of the hexagram
itself and its. ZC analyzed the data, examined and critically contributed to and finally approved the
manuscript. In the step-by-step process of achieving the goals set by leaders, teachers need to
explore various new forms of teaching activities and organization with a more positive mindset to
continuously improve their work and teaching skills. Review IGI Global’s open access policies and
ethical guidelines. Bass (1995) defined it as the leader giving individual care and intellectual
stimulation to the members of the organization through his or her unique charisma and personal
characteristics to improve the work involvement of the members of the organization and the work
performance of the whole team. Lim Liat (c) 13 Dec 2016 Comments from FaceBook on an earlier
version of the post. Contrary to expectations, the innovative culture has no significant moderating
effect on the relationship between trust tendency and knowledge sharing behavior. Learn more about
open access book publishing and how. Schwartz, S. H. 1992. Universals in the content and structure
of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. A Review on Western and
Chinese Organization Culture: Similarities and Differences. However, this is not to suggest
leadership in these two cultures is now the same. Implicit knowledge mainly includes individual
thinking mode, belief proposition and mental mode ( Nonaka, 1994 ). It is similar to the self-directed,
self-management, organization that are getting popular. All authors contributed to the article and
approved the submitted version.
Holacracy is a third-way: it brings structure and discipline to a peer-to-peer workplace. Therefore,
they would have more confidence and hope in this career and could also maintain an optimistic
psychological state at work. Finally, The study’s implication for theory and practice were discussed,
its limitations were identified, and directions for future research were suggested. Liability limited by
a scheme approved under Professional Standards Legislation. Attributes of leadership could include
roles, qualities and treatment of subordinates. Executive leaders’ transformational behaviors and
personal values. Correspondingly, there are two types of team knowledge sharing, namely implicit
knowledge sharing and explicit knowledge sharing ( Coun et al., 2019 ). We also explore the
moderating effect of different organizational cultures on the above influencing processes. The
content comes from a combination of English and Chinese literature, interviews with practicing
executives in China as well as the author's own experience as a leader in China. Bureaucratic culture
is characterized by responsibility and power. Examining Cultural Influences on Leadership Styles
and Learning From Chinese Approaches to Management: Emerging Research and Opportunities is an
informative scholarly reference source that examines the cultural aspects of management styles and
techniques. That is to say, the individual or organization selectively transmits the knowledge that it
possesses to other individuals or organizations in an appropriate manner. From the perspective of
entrepreneurial leadership, the strategic model of entrepreneurs mainly includes entrepreneurial
thinking, entrepreneurial culture, and entrepreneurial leadership. In other words, leaders can emerge
from within a group as well as by formal appointment. Interpersonal trust has a positive effect on the
knowledge sharing of team members ( Chang and Chuang, 2011; Tamjidyamcholo et al., 2014 ). As
one of the factors affecting user knowledge sharing, trust has a positive impact on knowledge
sharing behavior. THE SEVEN HABITS OF HIGHLY EFFECTIVE PEOPLE Steph. ????? 7. Based
on innovation, social economy and creativity also develop and progress in this process ( Januzzi and
Ibrahim, 2020; Wang and Hou, 2020; Aldianto et al., 2021 ). The concept of innovation is first put
forward in the book Economic Development Theory. Integrity- honest and truthfulness Benevolence-
having your interest at heart, Ability-individuals technical and interpersonal skills. But there is
another great source of wisdom which i. Knowledge sharing can be seen as a cooperative behavior.
Article types Author guidelines Editor guidelines Publishing fees Submission checklist Contact
editorial office Frontiers in Psychology. Working with transformational leaders, employees are
willing to put in extra effort for the job ( Purvanova and Bono, 2009; Lehmann-Willenbrock et al.,
2015; Aga et al., 2016 ). The positive and spontaneous team atmosphere created by transformational
leaders provides a trust and trustworthy environment for knowledge sharing, which greatly promotes
knowledge sharing. Much of this research emphasizes the importance of management taking on a
supporting and encouraging role. DTTL (also referred to as “Deloitte Global”) does not provide
services to clients. Specifically, it can reach 0.996. In addition, the estimation coefficient test of the
corresponding constant term and independent variable also shows good fitting results. Article types
Author guidelines Editor guidelines Publishing fees Submission checklist Contact editorial office.
Figure 1 presents the strategic model and performance model of entrepreneurial leadership. However,
little attention has been paid to such Chinese expatriate managers and their leadership challenges in
an inter-cultural context, especially across a large cultural distance. Trust can also indirectly
influence team members’ knowledge sharing through team perception. Individuals who develop
high-quality relationships with their leaders will be attached psychologically to their work group (
Pan and Lin, 2016 ). Teams can help organize values and competitive advantages ( Alsharo et al.,
2016 ). Research on knowledge management shows that employee knowledge sharing helps improve
organizational performance.
Well Arthur will provide some viewpoints about that in the future of leadership later on. Already
published? You can convert your work to open access to increase. As a leadership style based on the
exchange process, transactional leaders tend to motivate their employees to complete tasks more
effectively by setting specific goals or breaking them down into actionable steps ( Yongzhan and Li,
2018 ). The management of bureaucratic cultural organizations is more based on organizational
control and power division. More free working time and space are the factors that are more popular
with college students and one of the key factors to attract college students to start their business.
Written informed consent to participate in this study was provided by the participants. Considering
the dynamics of corporate leadership practices and the demands of the ever-changing macro, meso
and micro environments, situational context as well as the followership, it is important to
acknowledge that wisdom or wisdom to act, rather than mere leadership behaviour that would
ensure generation of leadership dynamism. This chapter contributes to the literature in the field by
synthesizing the extant scholarly work on the effects of Chinese national culture on leadership
decision making. Shrink wrap, dust covers, or boxed set case may be missing. This is perhaps the
result of two interrelated presuppositions. Such an acknowledgement could further drive and
reinforce and offer a richer view to sustain the wisdom to act derived from Oriental values and
philosophy that influence corporate leadership practices for organizational success and performance.
In contrast the Eastern tradition of Taoism treats leadership, more specifically the use of power, as a
fluid set of interrelations coordinated with a natural order as it is, emphasizing co-ordination,
location and connection with environmental contexts, rather than modification of the environment in
line with an intellectual idea of what we would prefer it to be. In this research, the transformational
leadership style of principals scored the highest on the “intellectual stimulation” dimension. Under
the two organizational cultures of supportive culture and bureaucratic culture, the higher the level of
trust, the more likely the team employees are to perform knowledge sharing. The laissez-faire
leadership style of preschool principals negatively affects teachers' collective efficacy ( Dussault et
al., 2008 ), job performance and satisfaction ( Imhangbe et al., 2019 ). Moreover, the laissez-faire
leadership style affects the quality of interpersonal relationships within the school and is detrimental
to conflict resolution among teachers ( Chandolia and Anastasiou, 2020 ). Cultural identity is also a
component of social cognition, and the social environment has a great influence on entrepreneurs (
Engineer et al., 2019; Abraham, 2020 ). Shrink wrap, dust covers, or boxed set case may be missing.
If you need to return an item, please Contact Us with your order number and details about the
product you would like to return. The data analysis reveals that most of the college students have the
intention to start a business. Search across all of IGI Global’s available open access publishing. All of
IGI Global's content is archived via the CLOCKSS and LOCKSS initiative. In such a group,
individuals can be more tolerant of failure and respect for differences ( Li et al., 2014 ).
Organizational innovation is mainly driven by the interaction and transformation between implicit
knowledge and explicit knowledge. A Likert scale of 6 points was adopted, from 1 “strongly
disagree” to 6 “strongly agree.” A higher score indicates a higher level of psychological capital. There
were still differences, however, in how this focus was influenced by the relationship between a
leader and employees. It is also very popular for employees to actively publish, share their ideas, and
innovate knowledge. Find an Open Access Journal for Your Next Manuscript. When the level of trust
in the organization is high, the employee’s ability can be well developed, and the organizational goals
and personal goals can be easily achieved. In addition, teachers are also able to share their unique
teaching ideas, plenty of teaching and parenting experience and skills in handling parents with other
teachers. In the context of education, Leithwood (1994) clearly proposed that the transformational
leadership style in schools could promote teachers' identification with organizational goals by
building a cooperative institutional culture, motivating teachers to develop continuously, and
ultimately achieving the development and reform of schools. Based on the questionnaire, to analyze
the relationship between innovative and entrepreneurial talents of college students and the social and
economic development and to further analyze the current situation and development of the
entrepreneurial consciousness of college students, the Solow model of Cobb-Douglas is introduced
for the analysis ( Akaev and Sadovnichii, 2019; Germain, 2019; Zhang et al., 2020 ). The
corresponding equation is as follows.