Title: Navigating the Challenges of E-Government Research Literature Reviews: Identifying

Limitations and Exploring Ways Forward

In the realm of academic research, the task of conducting a comprehensive literature review is often
considered both challenging and time-consuming. This holds especially true for those delving into
the complex domain of E-Government research. A literature review serves as a critical foundation
for any scholarly work, providing a comprehensive overview of existing studies, identifying gaps,
and shaping the direction of future research. However, the intricacies of E-Government research
present unique challenges that can make the literature review process particularly daunting.

The complexities arise from the vast and ever-evolving landscape of E-Government initiatives,
encompassing a wide array of topics such as technology adoption, governance structures, citizen
engagement, and policy implications. Navigating through the extensive body of literature to identify
relevant studies, discerning key themes, and synthesizing findings can be an overwhelming task for
researchers.

One of the inherent difficulties lies in the interdisciplinary nature of E-Government research,
requiring scholars to draw insights from fields such as public administration, information technology,
political science, and sociology. This interdisciplinary approach demands a comprehensive
understanding of diverse methodologies and theoretical frameworks, adding another layer of
complexity to the literature review process.

Moreover, the dynamic nature of E-Government, with advancements in technology and changes in
governance models, poses a challenge in maintaining the currency and relevance of the literature
review. Researchers must constantly update their understanding of the field to ensure the
incorporation of the latest studies and developments.

In light of these challenges, researchers may find it beneficial to seek external assistance in crafting a
literature review that meets the high standards of academic rigor. ⇒ StudyHub.vip ⇔ stands as a
reliable platform where individuals can enlist professional support for their E-Government literature
review endeavors. The platform offers a pool of experienced writers who specialize in E-Government
research, ensuring that the literature review is thorough, well-structured, and up-to-date.

By outsourcing the literature review to ⇒ StudyHub.vip ⇔, researchers can alleviate the burden of
navigating the complexities inherent in E-Government research. The platform's experts possess the
necessary expertise to identify relevant studies, critically analyze existing literature, and provide
valuable insights into the limitations of current research. This, in turn, allows researchers to focus on
developing innovative contributions to the field and charting a course for future studies in E-
Government.

In conclusion, while the challenges of writing a literature review in the field of E-Government
research are undeniable, seeking assistance from dedicated platforms like ⇒ StudyHub.vip ⇔ can
significantly ease the process. By doing so, researchers can ensure that their literature review not only
addresses the limitations of existing studies but also sets the stage for meaningful advancements in
the understanding and implementation of E-Government initiatives.
Although the sheer volume of research and writing required for the literature review can be quite
daunting, with some careful preparation and an organized approach, there are definitely tricks to
completing this chapter successfully. Anson, Chris M., and Robert A. Schwegler. 2010. The
Longman Handbook for Writers and Readers, 6th ed. While in soft sciences, the survey provides an
overview and synthesis of various schools of thoughts and their interconnection. However, if there
are some points that need clarification or are missing from the overall context, they should be
mentioned. Finally, average impact scores increased over time with two notable growth periods. It’s
needed to give potential readers an overview of the writing content, helping to decide whether their
research determines it. As you begin writing your research proposal it is helpful to think of the
introduction as a narrative of what it is you want to do, written in one to three paragraphs. Questions
for Further Research: What questions about the field has the review sparked. Literature search -
- finding materials relevant to the subject being explored. 3. Data evaluation -- determining which
literature makes a significant contribution to the understanding of the topic. 4. Analysis and
interpretation -- discussing the findings and conclusions of pertinent literature. We’ve covered the
typical basic requirements of the chapter in terms of length and number of sources, so let’s move on
now to talk in more detail about the underlying aims of this chapter. Usually, it’s unnecessary, but if
an abstract is mentioned in the requirements, consider adding it to the working plan. University of
Toronto Health Sciences Writing Centre. One of the most highly cited scoping reviews in the
eHealth domain was published by Archer, Fevrier-Thomas, Lokker, McKibbon, and Straus (2011).
What other sections you include in the body is up to you. A summary is a recap of the important
information of the source, but a synthesis is a re-organization, or a reshuffling, of that information in
a way that informs how you are planning to investigate a research problem. To identify the most
important publications on your topic, take note of recurring citations. Writing literature reviews is a
particularly important skill if you want to apply for graduate school or pursue a career in research.
The literature review gives you a chance to: Demonstrate your familiarity with the topic and its
scholarly context Develop a theoretical framework and methodology for your research Position your
work in relation to other researchers and theorists Show how your research addresses a gap or
contributes to a debate Evaluate the current state of research and demonstrate your knowledge of
the scholarly debates around your topic. Regardless of which structure you opt for, each of the three
components will make an appearance in some shape or form. Read them to get a sense of the types
of themes you might want to look for in your own research or to identify ways to organize your final
review. After that, there is an option to highlight the key points and give recommendations for
future studies or research. There is an increasing interest in the visual aspects of social media. As
mentioned previously, there are a number of existing guidelines for literature reviews. The literature
review can be challenging for many of our dissertation consulting clients. Here are some examples:
Chronological: The simplest approach is to trace the development of the topic over time, which helps
familiarize the audience with the topic (for instance if you are introducing something that is not
commonly known in your field). A good literature review doesn't just summarise sources - it
analyses, synthesises, and critically evaluates to give a clear picture of the state of knowledge on the
subject. Download Word doc Download Google doc Before you begin searching for literature, you
need a clearly defined topic. Something to be conducted at the end of your research. In this regard,
we concur with Jesson, Matheson, and Lacey (2011) that clearly articulated research questions are
key ingredients that guide the entire review methodology; they underscore the type of information
that is needed, inform the search for and selection of relevant literature, and guide or orient the
subsequent analysis. A literature review can be just a simple summary of the sources, but it usually
has an organizational pattern and combines both summary and synthesis.
There are so many issues in contemporary science that you could spend a lifetime of attending
conferences and reading the literature just pondering what to review. You should provide a critical
evaluation of each source, highlighting its strengths and weaknesses. Use Caution When
Paraphrasing When paraphrasing a source that is not your own, be sure to represent the author's
information or opinions accurately and in your own words. Selection Methods: Criteria you used to
select (and perhaps exclude) sources in your literature review. Doing a Literature Review: Releasing
the Social Science Research Imagination. It’s no surprise, then, that we get so many requests for
dissertation help to meet these huge page number goals. The introduction should: define your topic
and provide an appropriate context for reviewing the literature; establish your reasons - i.e. point of
view - for. Meta-analyses are regarded as powerful tools for deriving meaningful conclusions. New
York: Longman. Jones, Robert, Patrick Bizzaro, and Cynthia Selfe. 1997. The Harcourt Brace Guide
to Writing in the Disciplines. Research design and methods The objective of this section of the
research proposal is to convince the reader that your overall research design and methods of analysis
will enable you to solve the research problem you have identified and also enable you to accurately
and effectively interpret the results of your research. This variation in interpretation can, of course,
wreak havoc on how your study is understood. Sometimes, though, you might need to add additional
sections that are necessary for your study, but do not fit in the organizational strategy of the body.
Any lit review is only as good as the research it discusses; make sure your sources are well-chosen
and your research is thorough. However, if you choose this strategy, be careful to avoid simply
listing and summarizing sources in order. Methodological If you draw your sources from different
disciplines or fields that use a variety of research methods, you might want to compare the results
and conclusions that emerge from different approaches. University of North Carolina Writing Center.
(2018). Literature Reviews. An annotated bibliography is a list of source references that has a short
description (called an annotation ) for each of the sources. While there is no one formula for writing
a literature review, most literature reviews include the following key elements: An introduction that
provides an overview of the topic under investigation and puts it into context. To begin organising
your literature review’s argument and structure, you need to understand the connections and
relationships between the sources you’ve read. Note that this is not the same as a conceptual
framework. The only difference here between a “chronological” and a “thematic” approach is what is
emphasized the most: the development of the harpoon or the harpoon technology.But more authentic
thematic reviews tend to break away from chronological order. In other words, you do not want to
delve into idle speculation. Share This Book Essay Guide Alex Essay Writing Tool Dissertation
Guide Ask The Elephant The structure of a literature review A literature review should be structured
like any other essay: it should have an introduction, a middle or main body, and a conclusion.
Privacy Overview Have a language expert improve your writing Run a free plagiarism check in 10
minutes, automatically generate references for free. Don’t be afraid to do more research if you
discover a new thread as you’re writing. Literature reviews are most often part of a larger work, like
a research article, but may also be written as their own piece to demonstrate a student’s
understanding of a concept. These studies were identified through a formal and systematic search in
four databases between 2003 and 2013. We get so many requests for dissertation consulting around
the literature review. Specifically discuss how you expect your study will advance existing
knowledge and how your study is unique. The literature review can be challenging for many of our
dissertation consulting clients.
Consider Whether Your Sources are Current Some disciplines require that you use information that is
as current as possible. We get so many requests for dissertation consulting around the literature
review. Once you’ve decided on the organizational method for the body of the review, the sections
you need to include in the paper should be easy to figure out. However, when they returned to the
literature to search for individual resilience factors, they discovered a small body of literature in the
child and youth psychology field. As the literature review is information dense, it is essential that
this section be intelligently structured to enable your reader to grasp the key arguments underpinning
your study. Should you summarize, synthesize, or critique your sources by discussing a common
theme or issue. A second screen of full-text articles, again by two independent members of the
research team, ensured that the studies described phr s. In addition to keywords, you can make your
search much more focused and systematic by taking a moment to learn about the search filters
available through the search interface. Hoboken, nj: Wiley-Blackwell; 2008. Jesson J., Matheson L.,
Lacey F.M. Doing your literature review: traditional and systematic techniques. History: The
chronological progression of the field, the research literature, or an idea that is necessary to
understand the literature review, if the body of the literature review is not already a chronology.
Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. All in all, 130 articles met the
criteria and their data were extracted manually into a database. In particular, the networking
potential offered by the Internet and related technologies has the potential to transform the
structures and operation of government. The type of information you choose to mention should
relate directly to the research problem, whether it is thematic, methodological, or chronological. Print
Friendly Literature review basics A literature review synthesizes and analyzes previous research in a
field to inform an audience and establish background knowledge. This is 100% legal. You may not
submit downloaded papers as your own, that is cheating. Also you. It’s certainly the most lengthy
and detailed, and requires some very advanced skills in terms of literature searching, review and
interpretation of existing research, and composition. Literature Review Overview A literature review
discusses published information in a particular subject area. Analyzing data using quantitative or
qualitative methods. Then, just as you would for most other academic forms of writing, rewrite or
rework the language of your review so that you’ve presented your information in the most concise
manner possible. Federal government websites often end in.gov or.mil. Before sharing sensitive
information, make sure you're on a federal government site. The authors then extracted data from the
selected articles and created several tables, one for each outcome category. Thousand Oaks, CA:
Sage Publications, 1998; Jesson, Jill. If the same thing is being said, just by different people, then this
likely demonstrates that the research problem has hit a conceptual dead end. This demonstrates to
your reader that you know what you are going to do and how you are going to do it. Qualitative
versus quantitative research Empirical versus theoretical scholarship Divide the research by
sociological, historical, or cultural sources Theoretical: In many humanities articles, the literature
review is the foundation for the theoretical framework. This step will help you work out the structure
of your literature review and (if applicable) show how your own research will contribute to existing
knowledge. In this blog post, we’ll give you a basic overview of how to write a literature review,
from brainstorming to editing. Meta-analyses are regarded as powerful tools for deriving meaningful
conclusions. Analyzing and synthesizing data: As a final step, members of the review team must
collate, summarize, aggregate, organize, and compare the evidence extracted from the included
studies.
This process can help you to develop your own research skills, including your ability to find and use
relevant sources of information. Persuasiveness -- which of the author's theses are most convincing
or least convincing. Expertise with the requirements of all major online universities. Here are a
couple of examples: The current trend in treatment for congestive heart failure combines surgery and
medicine. These authors synthesized published articles that describe the development process of
mobile health ( m-health ) interventions for patients’ cancer care self-management. Rely heavily on
the guidelines your instructor has given you. The purpose of this descriptive or mapping review was
to characterize publication trends in the medical informatics literature over a 20-year period (1987 to
2006). The purpose of a literature review is to: -Demonstrate that you have an understanding of the
existing research on your topic; -Identify any gaps in this research; -Relate your topic to the broader
field of study; -Provide a theoretical framework for your research; -Identify any key researchers in
your field. As another methodological contribution, vom Brocke et al. (2009) offered a series of
guidelines for conducting literature reviews, with a particular focus on how to search and extract the
relevant body of knowledge. Results indicate that the majority of systematic reviews in this
particular area suffer from important methodological flaws and biases that impair their internal
validity and limit their usefulness for clinical and decision-making purposes. Identify areas of prior
scholarship to prevent duplication of effort. Sort through other current bibliographies or literature
reviews in the field to get a sense of what your discipline expects. We identify new and additional
research by performing targeted keyword searches on large databases such as ProQuest,
EBSCOHost, and ScienceDirect, and include full information on the details of what and how we
searched for easy replication. Step One: Decide on your areas of research: Before you begin to search
for articles or books, decide beforehand what areas you are going to research. However, when
writing a review in the social sciences, a survey of the history of the literature may be required. You
can download the paper by clicking the button above. Doing a literature review: Releasing the social
science research imagination. For example, when discussing empirical research, you might mention
that most studies have focused on a certain context, yet very few (or none) have focused on another
context, and there’s reason to believe that findings may differ. Various researches and studies
conducted on the e-Government adoption and implementation so far, indicate the crucial role played
by government portals in responding to civil crises, making critical information available to general
public, and addressing various issues and resolving various discrepancies and conflicts between the
government and the citizens (Gil-Garcia and Luna-Reyes 2003; Schelin 2003). Types of Literature
Reviews It is important to think of knowledge in a given field as consisting of three layers. Making
it the most accurate and reliable proofreading tool for students. A research paper assigned in a course
A thesis or dissertation A grant proposal An article intended for publication in a journal All these
instances require you to collect what has been written about your research topic so that you can
demonstrate how your own research sheds new light on the topic. Recapitulate important features of
a research study, but then synthesize it by rephrasing the study's significance and relating it to your
own work and the work of others. It goes beyond documentation and reflects decisions related to
the selection of the sources, the search terms used, the period of time covered, the articles selected in
the search, and the application of backward and forward searches ( vom Brocke et al., 2009 ). In
short, the rigour of any review article is reflected by the explicitness of its methods (i.e.,
transparency) and the soundness of the approach used. This helps in calculating the impact of new
information in the field. Research design and methods The objective of this section of the research
proposal is to convince the reader that your overall research design and methods of analysis will
enable you to solve the research problem you have identified and also enable you to accurately and
effectively interpret the results of your research. Remember that the main purpose of a literature
review is to demonstrate what existing knowledge is out there on your topic, and to evaluate it.
What types of sources should I review (books, journal articles, websites; scholarly versus popular
sources)? 3. Having said that, we realize that the methodological rigour of any review — be it
qualitative, quantitative or mixed — is a critical aspect that should be considered seriously by
prospective authors. Publications Account settings Browse Titles NCBI Bookshelf.
We deep dive into the theoretical framework (as well as the conceptual framework) and look at
practical examples in Literature Review Bootcamp. If your lit review is a standalone piece, the
introduction and conclusion take up more space and give you a place to discuss your goals, research
methods, and conclusions separately from where you discuss the literature itself. This saves time
when you want to redo, or modify, the searches. Give your interpretation of how and why certain
developments occurred (as mentioned previously, this may not be appropriate in your discipline —
check with a teacher or mentor if you’re unsure). Journal of Global Information Management, 14 (1),
pp. 23-46 Choudrie, J., Weerakkody, V., and Jones, S., (2005). Realizing E-government in the UK:
Rural, and Urban challenges. Yet Another Writing Tip When Do I Know I Can Stop Looking and
Move On. Body: Contains your discussion of sources and is organized either chronologically,
thematically, or methodologically (see below for more information on each). Analysis: Involves
critically evaluating and summarizing key findings, methodologies, and debates found in academic
literature. The right structure will vary from study to study, depending on various factors. As in most
narrative reviews, the scope of the research questions being investigated is broad: (a) how
development of these systems are carried out; (b) which methods are used to investigate these
systems; and (c) what conclusions can be drawn as a result of the development of these systems. To
provide clear answers to these questions, a literature search was conducted on six electronic
databases and Google Scholar. Generally, when you start to see repetition in the conclusions or
recommendations, you can have confidence that you have covered all of the significant conceptual
categories in your literature review. There’s actually a fairly large range in terms of length for this
chapter. What’s important to understand is that the research gap (or gaps) needs to emerge from your
previous discussion of the theoretical and empirical literature. Two authors independently screened
titles and abstracts to determine inclusion status. A literature review may be a stand alone work or
the introduction to a larger research paper, depending on the assignment. There is no preconceived
plan to systematically review all of the literature although this can be done. You can use our free
APA Reference Generator for quick, correct, consistent citations. Recapitulate important features of
a research study, but then synthesize it by rephrasing the study's significance and relating it to your
own work and the work of others. The focus of a literature review, however, is to summarize and
synthesize the arguments and ideas of others without adding new contributions. Identifying Gaps:
Aims to pinpoint areas where there is a lack of research or unresolved questions, highlighting
opportunities for further investigation. A methodological scope will influence either the types of
documents in the review or the way in which these documents are discussed. What theories have
been used to explain, predict, or understand their research problem. Should I evaluate the sources in
any way beyond evaluating how they relate to understanding the research problem? 5. And, let’s
imagine that you are interested in exploring faculty members’ perspectives on how workload
influences retention and satisfaction using a qualitative phenomenological approach. Other types of
literature searches come after this initial search, when you’ve found some strong initial sources to
include in your chapter. You’ll need to present a critical analysis that addresses some (if not all) of
the following questions: What have different studies found in relation to your research questions. The
theoretical literature review helps to establish what theories already exist, the relationships between
them, to what degree the existing theories have been investigated, and to develop new hypotheses to
be tested. The relevance of systematic reviews to educational policy and practice. For instance, in the
humanities, authors might include more overt argumentation and interpretation of source material in
their literature reviews, whereas in the sciences, authors are more likely to report study designs and
results in their literature reviews; these differences reflect these disciplines’ purposes and conventions
in scholarship. For example: Look at what results have emerged in qualitative versus quantitative
research Discuss how the topic has been approached by empirical versus theoretical scholarship
Divide the literature into sociological, historical, and cultural sources Theoretical A literature review
is often the foundation for a theoretical framework.