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Immunofluorescence - Wikipedia
Immunofluorescence - Wikipedia
Photomicrograph of a histological
section of human skin prepared
for direct immunofluorescence
using an anti-IgA antibody. The
skin is from a patient with
Henoch–Schönlein purpura: IgA
deposits are found in the walls of
small superficial capillaries
(yellow arrows). The pale wavy
green area on top is the epidermis,
the bottom fibrous area is the
dermis.
Photomicrograph of a histological
section of human skin prepared
for direct immunofluorescence
using an anti-IgG antibody. The
skin is from a patient with
systemic lupus erythematosus
and shows IgG deposit at two
different places: The first is a
band-like deposit along the
epidermal basement membrane
("lupus band test" is positive). The
second is within the nuclei of the
epidermal cells (anti-nuclear
antibodies).
Preparation of fluorescence
Primary (direct)
Advances
Many improvements to this method lie in
the improvement of fluorescent
microscopes and fluorophores. Super-
resolution methods generally refer to a
microscope's ability to produce resolution
below the Abbe limit (a limit placed on
light due to its wavelength). This
diffraction limit is about 200-300 nm in the
lateral direction and 500-700 nm in the
axial direction. This limit is comparable or
larger than some structures in the cell, and
consequently, this limit prevented
scientists from determining details in their
structure.[14] Super-resolution in
fluorescence, more specifically, refers to
the ability of a microscope to prevent the
simultaneous fluorescence of adjacent
spectrally identical fluorophores.[15] This
process effectively sharpens the point-
spread function of the microscope.[14]
Examples of recently developed super-
resolution fluorescent microscope
methods include stimulated emission
depletion (STED) microscopy, saturated
structured-illumination microscopy (SSIM),
fluorescence photoactivation localization
microscopy (FPALM), and stochastic
optical reconstruction microscopy
(STORM).[16]
Notable people
Cornelia Mitchell Downs (1892–1987),
microbiologist and journalist
See also
Cutaneous conditions with
immunofluorescence findings
Immunochemistry
Patching and Capping
References
1. Mandrell RE, Griffiss JM, Macher BA (July
1988). "Lipooligosaccharides (LOS) of
Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria
meningitidis have components that are
immunochemically similar to precursors of
human blood group antigens. Carbohydrate
sequence specificity of the mouse
monoclonal antibodies that recognize
crossreacting antigens on LOS and human
erythrocytes" (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.go
v/pmc/articles/PMC2188965) . The
Journal of Experimental Medicine. 168 (1):
107–126. doi:10.1084/jem.168.1.107 (http
s://doi.org/10.1084%2Fjem.168.1.107) .
PMC 2188965 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g
ov/pmc/articles/PMC2188965) .
PMID 2456365 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.ni
h.gov/2456365) .
2. Ladner RC (2007-01-01). "Mapping the
epitopes of antibodies". Biotechnology &
Genetic Engineering Reviews. 24 (1): 1–30.
CiteSeerX 10.1.1.536.6172 (https://citeseer
x.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.
1.536.6172) .
doi:10.1080/02648725.2007.10648092 (htt
ps://doi.org/10.1080%2F02648725.2007.10
648092) . PMID 18059626 (https://pubme
d.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18059626) .
S2CID 34595289 (https://api.semanticscho
lar.org/CorpusID:34595289) .
3. Akiyoshi K (1983-01-01).
Immunofluorescence in medical science :
with 28 tab. Springer u.a. ISBN 978-
3540124832. OCLC 643714056 (https://ww
w.worldcat.org/oclc/643714056) .
4. "Immunofluorescence" (http://www.protoco
l-online.org/prot/Immunology/Immunofluor
escence/) . Protocol Online.
5. Franke WW, Schmid E, Osborn M, Weber K
(October 1978). "Different intermediate-
sized filaments distinguished by
immunofluorescence microscopy" (https://
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3
36257) . Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences of the United States
of America. 75 (10): 5034–5038.
Bibcode:1978PNAS...75.5034F (https://ui.a
dsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1978PNAS...75.503
4F) . doi:10.1073/pnas.75.10.5034 (https://
doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.75.10.5034) .
PMC 336257 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.go
v/pmc/articles/PMC336257) .
PMID 368806 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.ni
h.gov/368806) .
6. Wang H, Lee EW, Cai X, Ni Z, Zhou L, Mao Q
(December 2008). "Membrane topology of
the human breast cancer resistance protein
(BCRP/ABCG2) determined by epitope
insertion and immunofluorescence" (http
s://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PM
C2649121) . Biochemistry. 47 (52): 13778–
13787. doi:10.1021/bi801644v (https://doi.
org/10.1021%2Fbi801644v) .
PMC 2649121 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g
ov/pmc/articles/PMC2649121) .
PMID 19063604 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.
nih.gov/19063604) .
7. Çelik S (January 2015). "Understanding the
complexity of antigen retrieval of DNA
methylation for immunofluorescence-based
measurement and an approach to
challenge". Journal of Immunological
Methods. 416: 1–16.
doi:10.1016/j.jim.2014.11.011 (https://doi.o
rg/10.1016%2Fj.jim.2014.11.011) .
PMID 25435341 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.
nih.gov/25435341) .
8. "Immunofluorescence Method" (http://ww
w.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/genomics/me
thod/IMF.html) . Davidson College.
9. "Immunohistochemical Staining Methods"
(https://web.archive.org/web/2016080313
1150/http://www.dako.com/08002_03aug0
9_ihc_guidebook_5th_edition_chapter_10.p
df) (PDF). IHC Guidebook (Sixth ed.). Dako
Denmark A/S, An Agilent Technologies
Company. 2013. Archived from the original
(http://www.dako.com/08002_03aug09_ihc
_guidebook_5th_edition_chapter_10.pdf)
(PDF) on 2016-08-03. Retrieved 2014-05-14.
External links
Images associated with autoimmune
diseases (http://www.ii.bham.ac.uk/clini
calimmunology/CISimagelibrary/) at
University of Birmingham
Overview (http://www.bio.davidson.edu/
COURSES/genomics/method/IMF.html)
at Davidson College
Immunofluorescence (https://meshb.nl
m.nih.gov/record/ui?name=Immunofluo
rescence) at the U.S. National Library of
Medicine Medical Subject Headings
(MeSH)
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